2022年新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷英語(yǔ)試題及參考答案

1、 2022年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（新高考全國(guó)卷）英語(yǔ)本試卷共10頁(yè)，滿分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型（A）填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。因筆試不考聽(tīng)力，選擇題從第二部分的“閱讀”開(kāi)始，試題序號(hào)從“21”開(kāi)始。2. 作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3. 非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡各題

2、目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫(xiě)上新的答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。4. 考生必須保持答題卡的整潔：考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AGrading Policies for Introduction to LiteratureGrading Scale90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E. Essays（60%）You

3、r four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 =10%; Essay 2=15%; Essay 3=15%; Essay 4=20%Group Assignments（30%）Students will work in groups to complete four assignments（作業(yè)）during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thr

4、ough Blackboard, our online learning and course management system. Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework（10%）Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from th

5、e previous class lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded. Late WorkAn essay not submitted in class on the du

6、e date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted. 21. Where is this t

7、ext probably taken from? A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A course plan. D. An academic article. 22. How many parts is a students final grade made up of? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 23. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date? A. You will receive a zero. B. You

8、 will lose a letter grade. C. You will be given a test. D. You will have to rewrite it. BLike most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula（芝麻菜）was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinne

9、r invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out. In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, food waste goes against the moral grain, as

10、 Elizabeth Royte writes in this months cover story. Its jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown awayfrom “ugly（but quite eatable）vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel,

11、and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.If thats hard to understand, lets keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refri

12、gerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time but for him, its more like 12 bones of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds o

13、f food by taking donations and collecting blemished（有瑕疵的）produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road. Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just dont think. Everyone can play a part in

14、 reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you wont eat, Curtin says. 24. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story? A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food

15、unintentionally at times. C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting food. 25. What is a consequence of food waste according to the test?A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm.C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation. 26. What does Curtins company do? A. It produc

16、es kitchen equipment. B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel. C. It helps local farmers grow fruits D. It makes meals out of unwanted food. 27. What does Curtin suggest people do? A. Buy only what is needed. B. Reduce food consumption. C. Go shopping once a week. D. Eat in restaurants less often

17、. CThe elderly residents（居民）in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. The project was dreamed up by a local charity（慈善組織）to reduce loneliness and improve elderly peoples wellbeing, It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illn

18、ess of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use. Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. I

19、 like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see theyve gone to bed. Its good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. Im

20、enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Stree

21、t, one of the first to embark on the project, said: Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: We are happy to be taking part in t

22、he project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.28. What is the purpose of the project? A. To ensure harmony in care homes. B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged. C. To raise money for medical research. D. To promote the elderly peoples wel

23、fare. 29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier? A. She has learned new life skills. B. She has gained a sense of achievement. C. She has recovered her memory. D. She has developed a strong personality. 30. What do the underlined words embark on mean in paragraph 7? A. Improve. B. Oppose. C. Begi

24、n. D. Evaluate. 31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs? A. It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative. C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results. DHuman speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common m and a to the rare

25、 clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the worlds languages. More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hocke

26、tt noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as f and v, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damin Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose. They discovered that the upper and lo

27、wer front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned（對(duì)齊）, making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure（結(jié)構(gòu)）, making it easier to produce such sounds. The team showed that this change in bite was

28、 connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didnt have to do as much work and so didnt grow to be so large. Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages

29、after the Neolithic age, with the use of f and v increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evol

30、ved around 300,000 years ago. The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution, said

31、Steven Moran, a member of the research team. 32. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damin Blasis research focus on? A. Its variety. B. Its distribution. C. Its quantity. D. Its development. 33. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals? A. They had fewer upper te

32、eth than lower teeth. B. They could not open and close their lips easily. C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured. D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough. 34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Supporting evidence for the research results. B. Potential application of the research

33、findings. C. A further explanation of the research methods. D. A reasonable doubt about the research process. 35. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds? A. It is key to effective communication. B. It contributes much to cultural diversity. C. It is a complex and dynamic sys

34、tem. D. It drives the evolution of human beings. 第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner. One reason was: Youll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, wh

35、ile another read: 36 With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle（微妙）competition. So, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person. 37 Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility

36、? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably wont result in a useful response. 38 If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym. My partner posted her

37、 request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. 39 You and your partne

38、r will probably have different skills. 40 Over time, both of you will benefit your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core（核心）of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B

39、. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. Youll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good seeking training partner notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. An

40、y notice for a training partner should include such information. 第三部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our 41 are funny, especially from the early years

41、when our children were little. Once, we 42 along Chalk Creek. I was 43 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek（小溪）. I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 44 , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So 45 tying him up,

42、 I just kept a close eye on him. It 46 he didnt end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 47 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip. The 49 picked up and thu

43、nder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 50 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No 51 . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 52 , a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed（拖）us back. We were 53 .Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out o

44、f the garage, we are filled with a sense of 54 , wondering what camping fun and 55 we will experience next. 41. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries42. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D.

45、 unafraid45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for46. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed47. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded49. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed50. A. find B. hide C. start D. f

46、ix51. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal52. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly53. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right54. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement55. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict第二節(jié)（共10小題; 每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。The Ch

47、inese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park（GPNP）. 56 （cover）an area about three times 57 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 58

48、（be） previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 59 （increase）effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 60 （design） to reflect the guid

49、ing principle of protecting the authenticity and integrity（完整性）of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 61 leaving behind precious natural assets（資產(chǎn)）for future generations. The GPNPs main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 62 （populati

50、on）and homes of giant pandas, and 63 （eventual）achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve 64 an umbrella species（物種）, bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger prot

51、ection for all the species 65 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 第四部分 寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假定你是校廣播站英語(yǔ)節(jié)目“Talk and Talk”的負(fù)責(zé)人李華，請(qǐng)給外教Caroline寫(xiě)郵件邀請(qǐng)她做一次訪談。內(nèi)容包括：1. 節(jié)目介紹；2. 訪談的時(shí)間和話題。注意：1. 寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Dear Caroline,Yours

52、sincerely,Li Hua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route（路線）through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, w

53、ho was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasnt with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this e

54、vent! I quickly searched the crowd for the schools coach and asked him what had happened. I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him, he explained uncomfortably. I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.I bit back my frustration（懊惱）. I knew the coach meant well he th

55、ought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at sc

56、hool his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer thats all. David had not missed a si

57、ngle practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 注意：1. 續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答. We sat down next

58、 to each other, but David wouldnt look at me. I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. 2022年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（新高考全國(guó)卷）英語(yǔ)參考答案本試卷共10頁(yè)，滿分120分。考試用時(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型(A)填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。因筆試不考聽(tīng)力，選擇題從第二部分的“閱讀”開(kāi)始

59、，試題序號(hào)從“21”開(kāi)始。2. 作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑;如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3. 非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如高改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫(xiě)上新的答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。4. 考生必須保持答題卡的整潔：考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和符題卡一并交回。第二部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. D

60、 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)16. C 17. D 18. B 19. G 20. F第三部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題; 每小題1分，滿分15分)21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B第二節(jié)(共10小題; 每小題1.5分，滿分15分)36. Covering 37. the 38. were 39. to increase 40