傾聽(tīng)的力量TED演講稿

1、Listeningisanactiveskill.Whereashearingispassive,listeningissomethingthatwehavetoworkat.Itsarelationshipwithsound.Andyetitsaskillthatnoneofusaretaught.Forexample,haveyoueverconsideredthattherearelisteningpositions,placesyoucanlistenfrom?Herearetwoofthem.Reductivelisteningislisteningfor.Itreducesever

2、ythingdowntowhatsrelevantanditdiscardseverythingthatsnotrelevant.Mentypicallylistenreductively.Sohessaying,Ivegotthisproblem.Hessaying,Heresyoursolution.Thanksverymuch.Next.Thatsthewaywetalk,rightguys?Expansivelistening,ontheotherhand,islisteningwith,notlisteningfor.Itsgotnodestinationinmind.Itsjust

3、enjoyingthejourney.Womentypicallylistenexpansively.Ifyoulookatthesetwo,eyecontact,facingeachother,possiblybothtalkingatthesametime.Men,ifyougetnothingelseoutofthistalk,practiceexpansivelistening,andyoucantransformyourrelationships.認(rèn)真傾聽(tīng)是一種主動(dòng)技能。普通地聽(tīng)是被動(dòng)的，而傾聽(tīng)卻是要花功夫的。傾聽(tīng)是處理聲音與聲音之間的關(guān)系。它也是一種與生俱來(lái)的能力。比如，你考慮過(guò)傾

4、聽(tīng)也有不同的姿勢(shì)，以便你接收聲音嗎？看以下兩個(gè)例子。刪減性的傾聽(tīng)是有“選擇”的聽(tīng)。它會(huì)只關(guān)注你想要知道的東西，而忽略無(wú)關(guān)緊要的內(nèi)容。男人通常會(huì)刪減性的傾聽(tīng)。比如一個(gè)人說(shuō)：“我有個(gè)問(wèn)題?！绷硪粋€(gè)人說(shuō)：“這是你的答案。多謝。下一位?！边@就是我們談話(huà)的方式，對(duì)吧，男士們？而另外一種，擴(kuò)展性的傾聽(tīng)是“無(wú)目的”，“無(wú)選擇”的。聽(tīng)你腦海里并沒(méi)有明確的目標(biāo)而只是享受聽(tīng)的過(guò)程。女人通常會(huì)擴(kuò)展性的傾聽(tīng)?？纯催@兩位，面對(duì)面，保持眼神交流，可能兩人同時(shí)都在說(shuō)話(huà)。男士們，如果你們談話(huà)時(shí)覺(jué)得索然無(wú)味，試試擴(kuò)展性的傾聽(tīng)，或許可以改善你們的關(guān)系。Thefirstreallybighealthissueisawordthat

5、MurraySchafercoined:schizophonia.Itsadislocationbetweenwhatyouseeandwhatyouhear.So,wereinvitingintoourlivesthevoicesofpeoplewhoarenotpresentwithus.Ithinktheressomethingdeeplyunhealthyaboutlivingallthetimeinschizophonia.Thesecondproblemthatcomeswithheadphoneabuseiscompression.Wesquashmusictofititinto

6、ourpocketandthereisacostattachedtothis.Listentothis-thisisanuncompressedpieceofmusic.Andnowthesamepieceofmusicwith98%ofthedataremoved.Idohopethatsomeofyouatleastcanhearthedifferencebetweenthosetwo.Thereisacostofcompression.Itmakesyoutiredandirritabletohavetomakeupallofthatdata.Yourehavingtoimagineit

7、.Itsnotgoodforyouinthelongrun.Thethirdproblemwithheadphonesisthis:deafness.第一大嚴(yán)重的健康問(wèn)題，根據(jù)MurraySchafer的話(huà)說(shuō)，就是“幻聽(tīng)”。這是一種錯(cuò)亂，使你看到的和聽(tīng)到的并不一致。所以，我們的生活中，就多了一些不在我們身邊的人發(fā)出的聲音。我認(rèn)為時(shí)時(shí)處于“幻聽(tīng)”中對(duì)健康十分不利。與濫用耳機(jī)相伴而來(lái)的第二個(gè)問(wèn)題是壓縮音樂(lè)。我們壓縮音樂(lè)，以便能裝進(jìn)口袋，然而也付出了代價(jià)。聽(tīng)聽(tīng)這個(gè)，是一段沒(méi)有壓縮的音樂(lè)。同樣的一段音樂(lè)，但卻少了98%的信息。我希望至少有一部分人能聽(tīng)出其中的差別。這就是壓縮音樂(lè)的代價(jià)。為了補(bǔ)上丟失的信

8、息，你很容易變得疲勞、煩躁。你需要通過(guò)想象來(lái)彌補(bǔ)這個(gè)空白。長(zhǎng)期下去，會(huì)對(duì)健康不利。濫用耳機(jī)帶來(lái)的第三個(gè)問(wèn)題是耳聾。LetsmoveawayfrombadsoundandlookatsomefriendsthatIurgeyoutoseekout.WWB:Wind,water,birds-stochasticnaturalsoundscomposedoflotsofindividualrandomevents,allofitveryhealthy,allofitsoundthatweevolvedtoovertheyears.Seekthosesoundsout;theyregoodforyou

9、andsoisthis.Silenceisbeautiful.TheElizabethansdescribedlanguageasdecoratedsilence.Iurgeyoutomoveawayfromsilencewithintentionandtodesignsoundscapesjustlikeworksofart.Haveaforeground,abackground,allinbeautifulproportion.Itsfuntogetintodesigningwithsound.Ifyoucantdoityourself,getaprofessionaltodoitfory

10、ou.Sounddesignisthefuture,andIthinkitsthewayweregoingtochangethewaytheworldsounds.不談噪音了，我們來(lái)談?wù)勔恍┠銘?yīng)該去尋求的好朋友。風(fēng)水鳥(niǎo)：風(fēng)聲、水聲、鳥(niǎo)聲，大自然的聲音。它們都由各種不同的細(xì)節(jié)組成，對(duì)健康十分有好處，因?yàn)樗鼈兌际俏覀冞M(jìn)化過(guò)程中我們陪伴我們的聲音。尋求這些聲音吧，對(duì)你們有好處。還有這個(gè)。安靜是美好的。古人曾把語(yǔ)言比作修飾過(guò)的安靜。我建議你們刻意地遠(yuǎn)離安靜，去設(shè)計(jì)像藝術(shù)品一樣有畫(huà)面感的聲音。有前景，有背景，并且比例協(xié)調(diào)。設(shè)計(jì)聲音是很有趣的，如果自己不會(huì)做的話(huà)，可以找專(zhuān)業(yè)人士幫忙。聲音設(shè)計(jì)就是未來(lái)，也是

11、一種讓世界變得好聽(tīng)的方法。Andfourmodalitieswhereyouneedtotakesomeactionandgetinvolved.Firstofall,listenconsciously.Ihopethatafterthistalkyoullbedoingthat.Itsawholenewdimensiontoyourlifeanditswonderfultohavethatdimension.Secondly,getintouchwithmakingsomesound.Createsound.Thevoiceistheinstrumentweallplay,andyethow

12、manyofusaretrainedinusingourvoice?Gettrained.Learntosing.Learntoplayaninstrument.Musicianshavebiggerbrains.Itstrue.Youcandothisingroupsaswell.Itsafantasticantidotetoschizophonia.Tomakemusicandsoundinagroupofpeople,whicheverstyleyouenjoyparticularly.Andletstakeastewardingroleforthesoundaroundus.Protectyourears?Yes,absolutely.Designsoundscapestobebeautifularoundyouathomeandatwork.AndletsstarttospeakupwhenpeopleareassailinguswiththenoisethatIplayedyouearlyon.還有四種方法需要你采取行動(dòng)參與其中。首先專(zhuān)心地聽(tīng)。我希望在我的講話(huà)過(guò)后你們就能去這樣做。這會(huì)是你們?nèi)松碌?、美好的一面。第二試著自己弄出點(diǎn)聲響。創(chuàng)造聲音。聲音是