浙江省寧波市慈溪市2022-2023學(xué)年高三第一次模擬考試英語試卷含解析

1、2022-2023學(xué)年高考英語模擬試卷注意事項1考生要認(rèn)真填寫考場號和座位序號。2試題所有答案必須填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分必須用2B 鉛筆作答；第二部分必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆作答。3考試結(jié)束后，考生須將試卷和答題卡放在桌面上，待監(jiān)考員收回。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1With Mothers Day around the corner，I have taken some money out of the bank_ presents for my mother.AbuyBto buyCbuyingDhaving bought2He finish

2、ed writing his first novel last year, and we all think that is _ his career really took off.AwhereBwhenChowDwhy3The inner strength of the girl allows her _ going when she gets into trouble.Akeep Bkeeping Cto keep Dkept4The plan for Xiongan New Area _ officially on April 1, 2017.Aannounced Bwas annou

3、nced Cannounces Dis announced5Have you ever been in a situation _ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?AwhereBwhichCthatDas6What a consequence!Yes. I _ him about it, but without success.Awill remind Bwould remindCwas reminding Dhad reminded7If you want to go further in th

4、e new sport, the best way is to _ and practise more frequently.Adive in Bdrop outCcatch on Dspring up8There are a lot of signs men are more likely to have heart attacks than women.Aindicate Bto indicate Cindicated Dindicating9In contrast with the liberal social climate of the present, traditions in

5、the past were relatively _.Acompetitive BcomprehensiveCcreative Dconservative10Thank you very much for everything Youve been so helpful ._ _Just let me know if there is anything else I can do for youAWith pleasure BThe pleasure is mineCPlease dont say so DNo, thanks11All of us have the desire to vis

6、it the three main temples in Athens, especially _ that contains a gold and ivory statue of Athena.Athe oneBoneCthe onesDthose12Tom is proud and _, never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame.AstrictBstubbornCsympatheticDsensitive13. I was embarrassed to admit that yester

7、day I _ a serious error.AactedBcommittedCperformedDcompleted14When all is said and done, there doesnt seem to be _ a mystery to explain.Akind ofBclose toCfar fromDmuch of15I had been betrayed by those who I trusted several times, _ in a suspicious attitude towards everything and everyone.AresultedBh

8、aving resultedCresultingDto result16NASA has made a _ that our earth has no threat associated with the film 2012 which is based on pure myths.AclarificationBclassificationCidentificationDpresentation17_, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.AAs long as I have traveled BMuch as I have tra

9、veledCNow that I have traveled so much DAs I have traveled so much18I heard Mr. Morgan would be here at 4:00 pm. next Thursday.No, he _ at that time.Awas boarding Bwould be boardingCwill be boarding Dis boarding19_ it is so hot, I guess we cant do anything until after dark.AIn caseBNow thatCEven ifD

10、As though20It really annoys me when a persons cell phone goes off during a movie？Yeah， me too It really _Acosts me an arm and a legBgets on my nervesCbeats my brains outDpulls my legs第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21（6分）Statistics often sounds like a dry subject, but sometimes its

11、necessary to take a statistics course to get the correct answer to this problem. Take the following case for example: a football scout (球探）hears of a player who has powered his team to a good win-loss record. His coaches think hes one of the most talented players theyve seen. But the scout is unimpr

12、essed by the one practice game he sees him in; he tells his manager its not worth trying to recruit (錄用）the player.Most sports fans would think that was a pretty foolish decision, right? Athletic performance is much too variable to base an important judgment on such a small sample. But consider this

13、 problem: an employer gets an application from a junior executive (主管人員）with an excellent college record and strong references from his current employer. The employer interviews the applicant and is unimpressed. The employer tells his colleagues that its not worthwhile recruiting him.Most people reg

14、ard this as a reasonable sort of decision. But it isnt. Countless studies show that the unstructured 30-minute interview is virtually worthless as a predictor of long-term performance by any criteria that have been examined.In both cases, predictions based on references-school reports, prior perform

15、ance, letters of recommendation-give a 65-75% chance of choosing the better of the two.Why do we get the athletic problem right and the employment problem wrong? Because in the case of the job, unlike for athletic performance, we havent seen hundreds of candidates in interviews of a particular type

16、and seen how well performance in the interview corresponds to ultimate (最終的）performance in the setting were concerned about. We havent seen that the guy who looks like a fool in the interview turns out to be clever on the job and the guy who does well in the interview turns out to be average. The on

17、ly way to see that the interview isnt going to be worth much is to be able to apply the “l(fā)aw of large numbers”，which assists the recognition that an interview represents a very small sample of behavior.The bottom line: theres safety in numbers. The more recommendations a person has, the more positiv

18、e the outcome is likely to be for the employer. Consider the job interview: its not only a tiny sample, its not even a sample of job behavior but of something else entirely. Psychological theory and data show that we are incapable of treating the interview data as little more than unreliable gossip.

19、 Its just too compelling (強迫性的）that weve learned a lot from those 30 minutes.My recommendation is not to interview at all unless youre going to develop an interview protocol (體系),with the help of a professional, which is based on careful analysis of what you are looking for in a job candidate. And t

20、hen ask exactly the same questions of every candidate. Its harder to develop such a protocol than you might guess. But it can really pay off.1、The cases in the first two paragraphs are meant to_.Aillustrate the influence of fansBshow the weaknesses of scoutsCattach importance to interviewsDintroduce

21、 the topic of the passage2、The author believes that _.Athe setting in the job interview is too artificial to be convincingBa successful candidate usually uses tricks to cover his real charactersCa small sample is not enough to make a generalized judgement of a candidateDthe number of candidates hasn

22、t satisfied the requirements for a job interview3、What is the best title for the passage?AHow employees are selectedBWhere statistics are availableCWhy job interviews are pointlessDWhen recommendations are needed22（8分）Two heads are better than one. It means that two people working together have a be

23、tter chance of solving a problem than one person alone. But not everyone likes working in a group.There can be a number of reasons why people dislike group work. Some may feel nervous or uneasy in group situations. Others might have had a bad experience with individuals who did not work well as a te

24、am. Another comment is that teachers or instructors fail to provide roles for group members. This may create a situation where everyone or no one wants to lead. Whatever the issue, the result is the same: the group does not realize its goal.Cooperative (合作的) learning is an educational method that ca

25、n help to solve this problem. There are many methods of cooperative learning. Today we will talk about one: giving each person in a small group a specific duty to reach a shared goal. For example, if learners are divided into groups of four people each, their roles might be: leader, writer, checker

26、and speaker. This structure helps ensure that everyone takes part equally in group work and allows each member to play a meaningful part in completing the shared goal.Before dividing learners into groups, it is a good idea for the teacher or clubs instructor to first have knowledge about the languag

27、e skill levels of participants. The goal is to make each group a mixture of higher- and lower-level language learners. Putting too many people with similar skill levels together could make the work too difficult or easy. Role cards can be a helpful tool in this method of cooperative learning. Their

28、purpose is to remind learners of each persons role.Before the cooperative activity, the role of the teacher or activity instructor is to explain two things to the group: the main job for the activity and how the cooperative roles work. The person in charge may appoint these roles or let the English

29、learners choose them. Then, during the activity, the instructors job is to watch the groups and provide more guidance when needed. After the activity, the instructor may wish to provide feedback to groups on their work and their use of cooperation.With this cooperative learning method, you can say t

30、hat four heads are better than just one.1、Whats the outcome if people do not enjoy group work?AThe aim of the group can not be achieved.BSpecific roles will be given to group members.CGroup members will feel at ease in groups.DGroup members will fail to work individually.2、Why does the teacher need

31、to know about those who take part in the activity?ATo find out language learners with similar levels.BTo clarify higher- and lower-level language learners.CTo combine learners with different language levels.DTo increase the difficulty in finishing the work.3、Which of the following is TRUE about the

32、role of instructors?ATo offer group members timely help at each step.BTo listen to the response from group members.CTo help the English learners choose their favourite roles.DTo make clear about the task and working principles of the roles.4、Which of the following is the best title of the passage?AT

33、wo Heads Are Better than One.BCooperation Is a Must in Learning.CGroup Work Makes a Great Difference to Learners Achievement.DCooperative Learning Contributes to the Success of Group Work.23（8分）Spider monkeys have long, thin arms with hook-like hands that allow them to swing through the trees. They

34、do not have opposable thumbs (對生拇指).The brown-headed spider monkey has a prehensile (纏繞性的) tail, which means it can grasp and can be used like a fifth leg to grab trees. During the day, the spider monkey searches for fruits, which make up the main part of its diet. They will also eat flowers, seeds，

35、leaves, and small insects during the dry season when fruits arent available. They spend most of the daylight hours climbing and swinging through the high branches of trees.The brown-headed spider monkey lives in a large community of about 20 to 100 male and female monkeys. They split into smaller gr

36、oups for feeding. Females usually give birth to only a single baby each year or two. Young monkeys are carried on their mothers stomachs until about 16 weeks old. Then they are strong enough to ride on their mothers, backs. All brown-headed spider monkey babies are born with pink faces and ears.Spid

37、er monkeys hug each other and wrap their tails around each other. They are very intelligent and have strong memories. They were named spider monkeys because they look like spiders as they hang upside down from their tails with their arms and legs swinging. Their genus (屬) name is Ateles, which means

38、 “imperfect”. This refers to the fact that they dont have thumbs.Hunting the brown-headed spider monkey is now barred in Ecuador, a country in northwestern South America, but humans have killed them for their meat for hundreds of years.1、Spider monkeys live mostly on .Ainsects BfruitsCflowers Dleave

39、s2、What can we learn about spider monkeys?AThey have five legs.BThey live in small groups.CTheir tails can take their weight.DTheir genus is the same as spiders.3、What does the underlined word “barred” in the last paragraph refer to?APermitted. BForbidden.CEncouraged. DIgnored.4、Where do newly-born

40、spider monkeys stay?AIn a large community.BIn trees with high branches.COn their mothers backs.DOn their mothers stomachs.24（8分） Our society is generally becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling

41、is done with higher wages, Nell-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “human-relations” experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets w

42、ho dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction of interesting life. They live and die without ever hav

43、ing confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects

44、. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of obedience and independence. From the moment on they ar

45、e tested again and again by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than ones fellow competitor creates constant anxiety and stress,

46、the very causes of unhappiness and illness.Am I suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century “free enterprise” capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our

47、social system form a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption ends in a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities those of all love and of reason are the aims of social arrangements. Production and consumption should serv

48、e only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.1、By “a well-oiled cog in the machinery” the author intends to deliver the idea that man is _.Aa necessary part though the function of each is insignificantBworking in complete harmony with the rest of societyCan unimportant part i

49、n comparison with the rest of societyDa irreplaceable component of society when working smoothly2、The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that _.Athey are more likely to lose their present workBthey have no real satisfaction or interest in lifeCthey are confronted with the fund

50、amental realitiesDthey are deprived of individuality and independence3、From the passage we can conclude that real happiness of life belongs to those _.Awho always live at the bottom of the societyBwho tend to be higher up in their social statusCwho prove better than their fellow competitorsDwho coul

51、d dip far away from this competitive world4、The authors attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of _.AapprovalBdissatisfactionCsuspicionDsensibility25（10分）From the loss of wildlife to rising sea levels, were all well aware of the problems that climate change could cause.But wh

52、ile it may seem like such issues wont affect most of us directly, it looks like future generations could grow up without something that many of us now take for granted: chocolate.According to an essay published by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, changes to the climate in the

53、regions that produce cacao - the plant from which chocolate is produced - may mean that it will soon become extinct.Most of the worlds cacao grows in countries close to the equator, with over half of it growing in the African nations of Ghana and Ivory Coast.Its predicted that by 2050, climate chang

54、e will have accelerated the rate at which temperatures in these countries rise, making it extremely difficult for cacao to grow there.The problem doesnt lie in increased heat, however, but in lower humidity (濕度), as its believed that rainfall will stay at the same level if the temperature rises.“In

55、other words, as higher temperatures squeeze more water out of soil and plants, its unlikely that rainfall will increase enough to offset the moisture (含水量) loss,” Michon Scott, the essays author, wrote.To help fight this problem, researchers from Berkeley University in the US are working on changing

56、 the DNA of cacao plants to allow them to survive in dryer conditions by using gene editing technology, according to US News.In the meantime, US company Mars, one of the worlds biggest manufacturers of chocolate products, announced in January that it would spend $1 billion to help reduce the effects

57、 of climate change.“This is a world issue, and it requires everyone to work together,” Mars spokesperson Barry Parkin told Business Insider.The message here is that if we all do our part, we may be able to prevent some of the worst impacts of climate change. Or if were unlucky, chocolate will become

58、 a thing of the past.1、What could make it hard for cacao to survive around the equator in the future?AThe increased heat there. BThe higher humidity there.CThe decrease in rainfall there. DThe moisture loss in the soil there.2、What does the underlined word “offset” in the seventh paragraph mean?Ahol

59、d back Bmake up forCprotect Daccept3、What will US company Mars do to help cacao survive?AIt will work hard to plant cacao in greenhouses.BIt will apply gene editing technology in planting cacao.CIt will give financial support to help fight climate change.DIt will develop cacao that can survive in dr

60、yer conditions.4、What may be the best title of this text?AChocolate could become historyBWork together to fight climate changeCHow do we grow cacao in the future?DHow do cacao plants affect climate change?第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項26（30分） On the nig