高三英語(yǔ)閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)題專項(xiàng)突破十

1、高三英語(yǔ)閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)題專項(xiàng)突破（十）AUnlikechemistsandphysicists,whousuallydotheirexperimentsusingmachines,biologistsandmedicalresearchershavetouselivingthingslikerats.ButtherearethreeNobelprize-winningscientistswhoactuallychosetoexperimentonthemselvesallinthenameofscience,reportedTheTelegraph.WernerForssmann(Nobelpr

2、izewinnerin1956)ForssmannwasaGermanscientist.Hestudiedhowtoputapipeinsidethehearttomeasurethepressureinsideanddecidewhetherapatientneedssurgery(手術(shù)).Experimentshadbeendoneonhorsesbefore,sohewantedtotrywithhumanpatients.Butitwasnotpermittedbecausetheexperimentwasconsideredtoodangerous.Notgivingup,Fors

3、smanndecidedtoexperimentonhimself.Heanaesthetized(麻醉)hisownarmandmadeacut,puttingthepipe30centimetersintohisvein(血管).HethenclimbedtwofloorstotheX-rayroombeforepushingthepipeallthewayintohisheart.BarryMarshall(Nobelprizewinnerin2005)Mostdoctorsinthemid-20thcenturybelievedthatgastritiswasdowntostress,

4、spicyfoodoranunusuallylargeamountofstomachacid(胃酸).Butin1979anAustralianscientistnamedRobinWarrenfoundthatthediseasemightberelatedtoabacteria(細(xì)菌)calledHelicobacterpylori.Soheteamedupwithhiscolleague,BarryMarshall,tocontinuethestudy.Whentheirrequesttoexperimentonpatientswasdenied,Marshallbravelydrank

5、someofthebacteria.Fivedayslater,helosthisappetiteandsoonwasvomiting(嘔吐)eachmorningheindeedhadgastritis.RalphSteinman(Nobelprizewinnerin2011)ThisCanadianscientistdiscoveredanewtypeofimmunesystemcell(免疫細(xì)胞)calledthedendriticcell.Hebelievedthatithadtheabilitytofightagainstcancer.Steinmanknewhecouldntyet

6、usehismethodtotreatpatients.Soin2007,whendoctorstoldhimthathehadcancerandthatitwasunlikelyforhimtolivelongerthanayear,hesawanopportunity.Withthehelpofhiscolleagues,hegavehimselfthreedifferentvaccines(疫苗)basedonhisresearchandatotalofeightexperimentaltherapies(療法).EventhoughSteinmaneventuallydiedfromh

7、iscancer,helivedfourandahalfyears,muchlongerthandoctorshadsaidhewould.1.Fromthetext,wecanconcludethatRalphSteinman_.A.hadhisrequesttoexperimentonpatientsdeniedB.believedthatcancercomesfromstressandspicyfoodC.discoveredanewtypeofcancercellcalledthedendriticcellD.trieddifferenttherapiescontainingthede

8、ndriticcellonhimselfBIsthereanythingthelatestcellphonecantdo?Itcanrecordmovies,surfthenet,anddownloadthenewestMP3songs,butdontletthosefancyfeaturesfoolyou.Afterall,chancesarethatphoneshaveaGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)chip.GPSletsphonecompaniesdeterminethelocationofyourphoneatalltimes.Ifyouarehurtand

9、call911,rescuerscanfindyoubyusingyourphonesGPS.Butemergencyofficialsarenttheonlypeopleinterestedinknowingwhereyouare.SeveralnewcompaniesareusingcellphoneswithGPStomonitorteendriversforinquisitiveparents.Theprogramsvary,butmostofthemallowparentstousetheInternettomonitortheirkidslocations,drivinghabit

10、sandspeed.Someprogramsevenletparentssetspeedandlocationlimitssothattheyarealerted（警覺(jué)的）iftheirkidsdrivetoofastorgobeyondapredeterminedboundary.Supportersofmonitoringsaythattheprogramsalsohelpifateeniskidnapped（綁架）orlost.AndreaGutierrezusesadrivingprogramtohelpherdaughtergethome.“Igiveherdirectionsbyl

11、ookingatanonlinemap,whichshowsmewheresheis”.JeanNichols,17,saysthatparentsareforgettingoneveryimportantthing:trust.“Idontliketheideaofsomeoneusingadevicethatkeepstabsonme.”O(jiān)therssaytheinformationcouldbemisused.“Ifeveryonecanfindoutexactly.whereyour17-year-oldgirlisatalltimes,itwillpresentapotentiall

12、ydangerousproblem,”HohnLawfordtoldtheOttawaCitizenAlanaWatenpuhl,19,saysthatteenscaneasilyoutsmarttheprograms.“Teenscanalwaysleavetheircellphonessomewhereandthengooutwiththeirfriends.Itsnotlikelythatthechipsareattachedtotheirbodies,”shetoldreporters.“Butwhoknows?”sheadded.“Thatmightbewhatscomingnext

13、.”2.WhatAlanaWatenpuhlsayssuggeststhat_.A.nomatterhowpowerfulanewtechnologyis,itcanneveroutsmarthumans.B.GPSwillbereplacedbymoreadvancedtechnologyinthefuture.C.somenewtechnologyislikelytobebroughtintouseinthefuture.D.chipshavebeenattachedtopeoplesbodiestomakeGPSworkevenbetter.3.Accordingtothetext,wh

14、ichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Theprogramsforparentstomonitortheirkidsarethesame.B.Someyoungpeopleareagainsttheirparentsusingthedevicetofollowthem.C.Thedevicemightleadthechildrentoadangeroussituation.D.Somepeopleareforthedeviceforitcanhelpthechildrensometimes.CAmericanhungerforcheesewasreduc

15、edabitwhenconsumers(消費(fèi)者)traveledandateoutlessfollowingtheyearof2001.Nowtheirappetite(胃口)isbackandtheyareeatingmorecheesethanever.Mostofthedemandisbeingfedbyhouseholdsuppliers,andCaliforniasmega-dairies(大制酪場(chǎng))aregrowingsofastthatexpertsexpectthestatetoovertakeWisconsinincheeseproductionwithintwoyears.

16、Californiaisalreadythenationsleadingmilkproducer,andwiththehelpofcheesemakerslikeHilmarCheeseCompanythelargestinNorthAmericathestatehasdoubleditscheeseproductioninthelasttenyears.In1995,Californiamade70varietiesofcheese.Nowthereare250typesofcheesecomingoutofthestate.Oneoutofevery10poundsofcheeseeate

17、nisahigher-quality,value-addedcheese.Tenyearsago,onlyonein15poundsofcheeseeatenwasaspecialty.Thevastmajorityiscommoncheese,butAmericansarealsoeatingmuchmorecheese.ItisgoodnewsforCaliforniasdairies(牛奶場(chǎng)).Bypoolingtheirresources,farmerscouldturnsomeofthehigh-protein,high-fatmilkcomingfromtheirbrowncows

18、intocheese,avalue-addedproductthatwouldbringinalittleextracash.WhentheystartedtheHilmarCheeseCompanyin1984,the12familiestogetherbroughtin250,000poundsofmilkadayadropinabucketforacompanythatnowprocesses(加工)10millionpoundsofmilkadayfrommorethan270producersabout10percentofallthemilkproducedinCalifornia

19、.Cheesehasgreathealthfulvalue,andbringscalcium(鈣)backintodiets.Butitalsomakesfoodtastebetter,makingiteasiertoeattoomuch.“Itsterriblethatwereeatingmorecheese,butbottomline,allcaloriescount,”saidStern,whoalsosuggestspeopleshouldtrytoeatcheeseinslightlydifferentways,withpearsorappleslicesexpandingtheir

20、diets.4.WhentheHilmarCheeseCompanywasopened,it_.A.wasthelargestcompanyproducingcheeseB.made70varietiesofcheeseC.wassuppliedwithmilkby12producersD.wasmadeupof12familiesthen5.IntheopinionofStern,_.A.themoreweeatcheese,thebetterwellbecomeB.AmericansareeatingtoomuchcheeseC.morewaysofeatingcheeseshouldbe

21、developedD.AmericansshouldnoteatcheeseanylongerDAnumberoftimesRosemaryedgedclosertoGordon,meaningtotakehisarm,butheedgedawayfromher.Shethoughtthatshehasoffended(冒犯)himdeeply,andthathewasdisappointedbecauseshehadpushedhimaway.Shewouldhaveapologizedifhehadgivenherhalfachance.Butasamatteroffact,hewassc

22、arcelythinkingofthisanylonger.Itwasthemoneybusinessthatwastroublinghimnow.Andthefactwasthathewouldsoonhavetoconfessit.Whatnonsenseitmadeofallhehadsaid!Therehewasbehavinglikeamanofexperience,andthenextmomentturningroundandaskingherformoney!Presentlyshestoppedhim,andswunghimroundtofaceher.“Gordon,whyw

23、ontyouspeaktome?”shesaid.“Areyoustillangrywithmeforwhathappenedjustnow?”“No,Iwasneverangrywithyou.Yourenottoblame.Somethingelsehasbeenworryingmeallthewayalong.Iveonlyeightpenceleft.Ihadjustenoughmoneyfortodaywhenwestartedout,butthatdinnerbillupseteverything.Canyoulendmesomemoney?”Rosemarywasamazed.“Whatdoesitmatterifyouveonlyeightpenceleft?Howcanyouletyourselfbeworriedbyathinglikethat?AsthoughIobjectedtolendingyoumoney,arentalwayst