短文改錯(cuò)解題指導(dǎo)

1、關(guān)于短文改錯(cuò)解題指導(dǎo)第一張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月短文改錯(cuò)是集語(yǔ)法知識(shí)與語(yǔ)言技能為一體的綜合性英語(yǔ)測(cè)試題，旨在考查考生發(fā)現(xiàn)并糾正語(yǔ)篇錯(cuò)誤的能力。錯(cuò)誤的類型包括詞法、句法和行文邏輯等，錯(cuò)誤的形式分別為缺詞、多詞和錯(cuò)詞。解題指導(dǎo)第二張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月【解題技巧】一、改前通讀全文，了解短文大意，把握全篇的時(shí)態(tài)、人稱及行文邏輯等。這一步很關(guān)鍵，切忌拿來(lái)就改。二、改中分句細(xì)讀，逐句找錯(cuò)，尤其注意語(yǔ)法和詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤。一定要仔細(xì)閱讀每一個(gè)句子，因?yàn)橹挥姓驹谕暾渥拥慕嵌龋拍馨l(fā)現(xiàn)其中的錯(cuò)誤。第三張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三、改后將答案放回原文并重讀全

2、文，其目的主要是檢查答案是否符合邏輯或英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣。改后查讀往往會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)那些在細(xì)讀中不曾發(fā)現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題或做出的誤改。第四張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月【應(yīng)試策略】做短文改錯(cuò)時(shí)，同學(xué)們尤其要注意以下幾種情況：1. 看到平行結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要檢查是否有用詞不一致或成分缺失而引起的句子不平衡錯(cuò)誤；2. 看到轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、對(duì)比等結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要檢查是否有行文邏輯方面的錯(cuò)誤；第五張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3. 看到多重結(jié)構(gòu)句時(shí)，要檢查是否有時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、引導(dǎo)詞或成分殘缺等錯(cuò)誤；4. 看到名詞、代詞時(shí)，要檢查是否有數(shù)、格或指代不一致的錯(cuò)誤；5. 看到固定短語(yǔ)、詞組時(shí)，要檢查副詞、介詞、冠詞等是否錯(cuò)誤或缺失

3、。第六張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月考點(diǎn)歸納【考點(diǎn)匯總】短文改錯(cuò)的考點(diǎn)雖然涉及面廣、綜合性強(qiáng)，但是有一定的規(guī)律性。一、冠詞。主要考查冠詞表示泛指、特指的用法等。1. There are all kinds of the flowers . （2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II）【解析】本句中用flower的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示種類，其前不用冠詞，故應(yīng)將the去掉。第七張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2. The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success. （2014浙江卷） 【解析】這里是指找到了上文中提到的

4、那位乘客丟失的車票，是特指，故應(yīng)將a改為the。第八張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月二、名詞。主要考查可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞辨析、可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)等。1. . for all these year . （2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I） 【解析】these修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故應(yīng)將year改為years。2. . we can do reading for one and a half hour . （2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II） 【解析】one and a half修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故應(yīng)將hour改為hours。第九張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三、動(dòng)詞。主要考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)

5、、語(yǔ)態(tài)、用法等。1. We didnt need to do . （2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II） 【解析】本篇講的是作者心目中的理想學(xué)校，通篇都用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故應(yīng)將didnt改為dont。第十張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2. I had noticed that the carriage . （2014浙江卷） 【解析】本篇講述了作者乘火車的一次經(jīng)歷。事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故應(yīng)將had去掉。3. . were hoping to settle something that bothers to us. （2014遼寧卷） 【解析】bother為及物動(dòng)詞，可以直接接賓語(yǔ)

6、，故應(yīng)將其后的to去掉。第十一張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月四、形容詞和副詞。主要考查形容詞和副詞的詞性辨析、詞義辨析、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)、動(dòng)詞-ing形式和動(dòng)詞-ed形式的形容詞辨析等。1. . the plants are growing somewhere. （2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I） 【解析】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這里指植物長(zhǎng)得“到處都是”。somewhere表示“在某處”，everywhere表示“到處”，故應(yīng)將somewhere改為everywhere。第十二張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2. There are so much that we often share

7、them with our neighbors. （2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I） 【解析】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這里指有“很多的”圣女果，much后省略了cherry tomatoes。因?yàn)樾揎椏蓴?shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí)要用many，故應(yīng)將much改為many。3. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. （2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II） 【解析】本句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表語(yǔ)應(yīng)為形容詞，故應(yīng)將helpfully改為helpful。第十三張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月五、代詞。主要考查各類代詞的用法及其誤加與漏用。1. . the ticket . under a s

8、eat several rows from his owner. （2014浙江卷） 【解析】這里是想用his owner指代the tickets owner。由于the ticket是物，指代物的所有格應(yīng)用its，故應(yīng)將his改為its。第十四張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2. We appreciate our apologies and goodwill . （2014遼寧卷） 【解析】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者在抱怨對(duì)方的狗叫聲給自己帶來(lái)的困擾，所以這里道歉的應(yīng)該是對(duì)方，故應(yīng)將our改為your。第十五張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月六、介詞。主要考查介詞的意義和用法等

9、。1. Therefore, we have more time with after-school activities. （2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II） 【解析】表示目的或功能時(shí)應(yīng)用介詞for，故將with改為for。2. . and shot their arrows on the bird.（2014陜西卷） 【解析】表示“朝射箭/射擊”時(shí)，應(yīng)用介詞at，故應(yīng)將on改為at。第十六張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月七、連詞。主要從邏輯關(guān)系角度考查連詞的誤用，或從成分缺失的角度考查連詞的漏用。1. Although we allow tomato plants . but we h

10、ave never . （2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I） 【解析】表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系時(shí)，although和but不同時(shí)使用，故應(yīng)將此處的but去掉。也可將but改為yet，yet在此作副詞，可與Although連用。第十七張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2. A passenger realized he couldnt find his ticket but became quite upset. （2014浙江卷） 【解析】“找不到車票”和“變得很沮喪”之間應(yīng)為順接關(guān)系，故應(yīng)將but改為and。第十八張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月八、從句的引導(dǎo)詞。主要考查從句引導(dǎo)詞的誤用。If

11、you notice that when someone is missing . （2014四川卷）【解析】notice后的賓語(yǔ)從句成分和意義都完整，用that引導(dǎo)即可，故應(yīng)將when去掉。第十九張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月九、主謂一致。主要考查主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上的一致性。1. My dream school look like a big garden. （2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II） 【解析】本句的主語(yǔ)My dream school是單數(shù)形式，其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，故應(yīng)將look改為looks。第二十張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2. The earl

12、y morning barking have been disturbing us as we . （2014遼寧卷） 【解析】本句中的barking是動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，故應(yīng)將have改為has。第二十一張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月十、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。主要考查動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式以及過(guò)去分詞的用法。1. It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute shes outside. （2014遼寧卷）【解析】It is difficult后接動(dòng)詞的不定式形式，故應(yīng)將understa

13、nding改為understand。2. He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. （2014陜西卷）【解析】want后接動(dòng)詞的不定式形式作賓語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)在teach前加to。第二十二張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3. One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. （2014陜西卷） 【解析】動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。在本句中，“吃燒烤”是“我們坐在火邊”的伴隨動(dòng)作，兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，故應(yīng)將have改為having。

14、第二十三張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4. Dont panic or get out of line, and trying to remain . （2014四川卷） 【解析】本句用and連接兩個(gè)分句，其前的分句為祈使句，其后的分句也應(yīng)為祈使句，而不應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式，故應(yīng)將trying改為try。第二十四張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月十一、固定搭配或習(xí)慣用法。1. . and with the help by our father . （2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I） 【解析】with the help of sb.是固定搭配，表示“在的幫助下”，故應(yīng)將by改為of。

15、2. As result . （2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I） 【解析】as a result是固定搭配，表示“因此”，故應(yīng)在result前加a。第二十五張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3. They are three lessons in the morning . （2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II） 【解析】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這里指每天上午有三節(jié)課。表示“有”時(shí)，往往用there be句型，故應(yīng)將They改為There。第二十六張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4. If we could show concern to others on need . （2014浙江卷） 【解析】表

16、示“處于困難中，有需要”時(shí)，用固定搭配in need，故應(yīng)將on改為in。 很多東西看似復(fù)雜，但是只要找到其中的規(guī)律就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)其實(shí)還是很容易的。短文改錯(cuò)亦是如此。相信同學(xué)們認(rèn)真讀完這篇備考指南后定能更快更準(zhǔn)地解答這一題型。第二十七張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月鞏固練習(xí)文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2.只允許修改10處，多者（第11處起）不計(jì)分。第二十

17、八張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月A My uncle absolute hated his wifes cat and decided to get rid of him one day by driving him 20 block from his home and leaving him at the park. As she was getting home, the cat was walking up the driveway. The next day he decides to drive the cat 40 blocks away. He put the cat

18、 out and headed home. Drive back up his driveway, there was the cat! At the last he decided to drive far away until he reached that he thought was a safe distance from his home and left the cat there. Hours late he called his wife, “Jen, is the cat there?” “No,” his wife answered. Then he said, “Put

19、 him on the phone. I lost way and need directions!”第二十九張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Keys：1. absoluteabsolutely 2. blockblocks 3. shehe 4. decidesdecided 5. DriveDriving 6. (At the last) 去掉the 7. (he reached that he) thatwhat 8. latelater 9.NoYes 10. way前加my第三十張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月B I can never forget the da

20、y then I went to have a piano test. Unluckily, an examiner who appeared rather serious and strict was sitting in the room. Known that many students had failed the test, I felt too nervous that I wondered whether I could pass it. Then it was my turns and my heart almost skipped a beat. However, when

21、entering the room, it suddenly occurs to me that I could take this as a rare and precious chance to challenge me. Very to my surprise, the teacher, satisfying with my performance, gave me high marks. Whatever we face with, we should try our best to handle it. Only doing this can we succeed in the en

22、d.第三十一張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Keys：1. thenwhen或去掉then 2. KnownKnowing 3. tooso 4. turnsturn 5. occursoccurred 6. (to challenge me) memyself 7. VeryMuch 8. satisfyingsatisfied 9. (we face with)去掉with 10. Only后加by第三十二張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月C Is online reading good to us? Opinions differ. Defenders insist o

23、nline reading can arouse students interests in reading. Also, the Internet offers much wide choices than paper books. Critics, thus, hold the opposite opinions. They say though online reading has been making more interesting by cartoons or pictures, this is not really reading. Whats more, many mater

24、ials that are offered on the Internet does no good to young readers. Finally, exposed to the computer screen for long harms our eyes. I think parents should choose proper books for you and I also suggest parents to help us form the habit of critical reading.第三十三張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Keys：1. tofor 2.

25、interestsinterest 3. widewider 4. thushowever 5. makingmade 6. reallyreal 7. doesdo 8. exposed前加being 9. (books for you) youus 10. . suggest parents to . 去掉to或 toshould或suggestadvise第三十四張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月D This morning, I go to the store near my home to do some shopping. I gave a violently cough

26、while I was walking down the passage. The woman standing next to me was so shocking that she consequently dropped a jar of oil. For that very moment, a girl was walking by. She slipped on the oil, fell onto the broke glass and hit her head on the floor. After a while, there were blood pour down her

27、face. I felt really guilty and sent the girl to the nearest hospital without the delay. The doctor examined her wound carefully. To my relief, it was not serious. The girl had a little smile on her face before the doctor dressed wound.第三十五張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Keys：1. gowent 2. violentlyviolent 3. sh

28、ockingshocked 4.ForAt 5.brokebroken 6. werewas 7. pourpouring 8. (without the delay) 去掉the 9. beforeafter 10. wound前加the或her第三十六張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月E Can you imagine wear a pretty sweater made of garbage? It could not happen! A few companies across the country are making clothes from things those a

29、re thrown away by people. For example, the company makes sweaters from old plastic bottles. First, the bottles are cut into small piece. The pieces are melted. Then the melting plastic is made into long and thin threads. The threads are used to making sweaters which are very soft and light. Believe

30、it not, these sweaters sell well in spite of the fact that they are not expensive at all. Many people think that these recycled clothes can help us cut up on garbage.第三十七張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Keys: 1. wearwearing 2. 去掉not 3. thosethat / which 4. (the company makes) thea 5. piecepieces 6. meltingmelte

31、d 7. makingmake 8. (Believe it not) not前加or 9. expensivecheap 10. updown第三十八張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月F Once Rabbit declared loudly that he was the fastest. Thinking what Rabbit was too proud, Frog was annoying and decided to teach him a lesson. He challenged Rabbit for a race through some thick grass do

32、wn to the town pond. Rabbit disagreed. On the day of the race, Frog played with a trick. Many of his frog friends hid in the thick grass, one big jump apart from one another. Rabbit ran as faster as he could through the grass, and no matter how fast he ran, Frog was always one jump ahead of him. By the time Rabbit got to a pond, he was running fast to stop. He fell right into the pond, just as Frog jumped up from behind a rock and shouted, “I was the winner!”第三十九張，PPT共四十三頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Keys: 1. whatthat或去掉what 2. annoyingannoyed 3. (for a race) forto 4. disagreedagreed 5. (played with) 去掉