非限制性定語從句

1、非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句非限定性定語從句：非限定性定語從句的作用是對(duì)所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步說明，通常和主句間用逗號(hào)隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立. which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句來說明前面整個(gè)句子的情況或主句的某一部分，that不能用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句eg：Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,stood still in the earthquake.有時(shí)as也可用作關(guān)系代詞.在非限定性定語從句中，用 who, whom代表人，用 which代表事物.當(dāng)先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時(shí)，其后的定語從句通常是非限

2、制性的。eg: Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個(gè)漂亮的花園。This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 這本小說很動(dòng)人，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。.非限制性定語從句還能將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞，對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾，這時(shí)從句謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)，eg： He seems not to have grasp

3、ed what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎沒抓住我的意思， 這使我心煩?？偨Y(jié)：非限制性定語 從句只是對(duì)主句內(nèi)容，或先行詞的補(bǔ)充、解釋或附加說明。主句與先行詞或從句之間一般用逗號(hào)分開，常常單獨(dú)翻譯。沒有它，主句意思仍然完整。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有as,which , who , whom , whose等，作定語從句的主語、賓語、表語及定語。關(guān)系副詞有when , where等，作定語從句的狀語。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中一般不能省。注：why不能引導(dǎo)非限制定語從句My success in business,the reason w

4、hy he dislikes m e 限制性),has been due to hard work.限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句舉例：(1)The teacher told me that Tom wasthe only person that I could miss .(2)China isa country which has a long history.非限制性定語從句舉例：(1)His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.(2)China, which was founded in 1949, i

5、s becoming more and more powerful.限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句區(qū)別：限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句形式上不用逗號(hào)和主句隔開用逗號(hào)和主句隔開意義上是先行詞不可缺少的定語，不能刪除是對(duì)先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，刪除后意思仍完整譯法上翻譯成先行詞的定語，“酌”通常翻譯成主句的并列句關(guān)系詞的使用上A.做賓語時(shí)可省略B、可用thatG 可用 who代替whomA、/、可省B、不用thatG不用who代替whom要注意區(qū)分以下幾個(gè)句子的不同(1)His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to col

6、lege.他那當(dāng)醫(yī)生的哥哥常鼓勵(lì)他要考上大學(xué)。(他還有其他的哥哥)(2)His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.他的哥哥是當(dāng)醫(yī)生的，常鼓勵(lì)他要考上大學(xué)。(他只有一個(gè)哥哥)介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時(shí)，從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)(1)The school(that/which) he once studied in_ is very famous.=The schoolin which he once studied is very famous.(2)Tom

7、orrow I will bring here a magazine(that/which) you asked for.=Tomorrow I will bring here a magazinefor which you asked.(3)Wel go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.=we ll go to hear the famous singea bout whom we have often talked .注意：1、有些動(dòng)詞短語一般不拆開使用，如：look for, loo

8、k after, take care of等(1)This is the watchwhich/that I am looking for . (True)(2)This is the watchfor which I am looking . (False)2.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用whom,不可用who或者that;指物時(shí)用which, 不能用that;關(guān)系代詞是所有格時(shí)用whoseThe manwith whom you talked is my friend. (T)The manwho/that you talked with is my friend. (F)The

9、 planein which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T)The planein that we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (F)3、介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代詞或者數(shù)詞He loved his parents deeply,both of whom are very kind to him .In the basket there are quite many apples,some of

10、 which have gone bad.There are forty students in our class in allmost of whom are from big cities . 簡(jiǎn)單歸納：介詞十關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，關(guān)鍵是判斷介詞的選擇，方法一是看從句謂語部 分缺少什么介詞(習(xí)慣搭配)，再則可以通過整個(gè)句子整體含義來判斷，結(jié)合生活實(shí)際來判斷.關(guān)系代詞as和which引導(dǎo)的定語從句由as, which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個(gè)主句，相當(dāng)于and this或and that. As 一般放在句首，which在句中.As we know, smoking

11、 is harmful to ones health.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，有相同之處也有不同之處。具體情況是：as和which都可以在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，代表前面整個(gè)句子。He married her, as/which was natural .He was honest,as/which we can see.as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一個(gè)主句； which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。另外， as有正如；

12、正像的意思 (1) As is known to all, China is a developing country.(主旬之前)He is from the south, as we can see from his accen(口 音).(主句之后)John,as you know, is a famous writer.He has been to Paris more than several timeswhich I don t believe 注意：當(dāng)主句和從句存在邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時(shí)，常用 whichTom was always late for school, which ma

13、de his teacher angry.3.當(dāng)先行詞受such, the same修飾時(shí)，常用asI have never heard such a storyas he tells.He is not such a foolas he 100ks (3) This is the same bookas I lost last week. 簡(jiǎn)單歸納：as ,which均可以引出非限制性定語從句，如都指前一句話的意思，二者可以互換。 as引導(dǎo)的從 句可以放在句首，as本身有 正如.,正像類的含義，與之連用的詞有know, see, expect, announce, point out 等。止

14、匕外，在 the same assuch .as 中 .as弓I導(dǎo)的是 限制性 定語從句.課堂練習(xí)place interested me most was the Childrens Palace.A. WhichB. whereC. whatD. in whichD. that I spokeyou know the manA. whom I spoke B. to who spokeC. I spoke tois the hotel last month.A. which they stayedB. at that they stayedC. where they stayed atD.

15、where they stayedyou know the year the Chinese Communist Party was foundedA. whichB. thatC whenD. on whichis the day Ill never forget.A. whichB. on whichC. in which D. whenfactory well visit next week is not far from here.A. whereB. to whichC. whichD. in whichchanges have taken place since then in t

16、he factory we are working.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. thereB. that have shownD. that you talkedB. which you talkedD. that you talkedis one of the best films.A. that have been shown this yearC. that has been shown this year you lend me the book the other dayA. about which you talkedC. about that you ta

17、lkedpen he is writing is mine.A. with whichB. in whichC. on whichD. by which課后練習(xí)arrived at a farmhouse, in front of sat a small boy.A. whomB. whoC. whichengineer my father works is about 50 years old.A. to whomB. on whomC. with whichthere anyone in your class family is in the countryA. whoB. whosC.

18、whichm interested in you have said.A. all thatB. all what C. thatD. thatD. with whomD. whoseD. whichwant to use the same dictionary_was used yesterdayA. whichB. whoC. whatisnt such a manhe used to be.A. whoB. whomC. thatis good at English, _we all know.A. thatB. asC. whomD. asD. asD. whatMing,to the

19、 concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went withB. with whom I went C. with who I went went with himdont like as you read.A. the novelsB. the such novels C. such novels D. same novelstalked a lot about things and persons they remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. whatletter is from my sister,is working in Beijing.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. whoour factory there are 2000 workers, two thirds of are women.themB. whichC. whomD. whore the person Ive ever met could do it.A. who;/B./; whomC. whom;/D./; whoD. the title of thatlost a book,I cant re