高中同步講義2015版選修7unit5學(xué)生

1、知識講解一、重點詞匯1. qualification n.資格；證明重點用法qualify qualification as qualification for qualify as qualify forqualify sb. to do sth.v. (使)具有資格，證明合格當任(職務(wù)等)的資格在(某方面)具有資格取得資格，合格取得資格有資格，有權(quán)；應(yīng)得；使合格，使能擔任，使適合于使有資格做某事典例Whats the qualification as a doctor? 取得當一名醫(yī)生的資格是什么?What qualifications have you got to have for t

2、his job? 申請這個工作你得要具有的條件是什么?Do you qualify for the vote?你有投票資格嗎?I hope to qualify as a teacher. 我希望取得教師資格。A degree in English does not qualify you to teach English. 你的英語程度教書不夠資格。練習 漢譯英1)經(jīng)過大學(xué)四年的學(xué)習，他終于取得了當?shù)馁Y格。2)一紙大學(xué)文憑并不意味著能讓你有獲得這份工作的資格。2.mendvt.；建議重點用法mendation n.，介紹(信)，勸告，建議on onesfollow sbsmendation

3、經(jīng)介紹mendations 聽從的勸告mendation(s)for的writegive sb. amendation 為寫信介紹信人教版選修七 Unit 5提示1)該詞意為“建議”時，注意三種句型：(1)(2)(3)mend+(sbs)ng；mend +t(從句) (從句用虛擬，由 should+動詞)；mend +sb. to do2)該詞做“(1)(2)；介紹”時，常用句型是：mend sbsthmend sthfor(ng) sth.典例1) Can youmend me a good novel?能給我一本好小說嗎?辦法能除掉墨水汁嗎?l others the password of

4、 your2) What would youmend for the ink stains?3) It isaccount.mendedhe regulationst you(should)not條款有提示,不要將郵箱透露給別人。練習根據(jù)括號里的漢語補全句子。1) The teacherThe teachermendedt .mended us. (老師曾建議讀這本小說。)2) I went to the new ho (經(jīng)你的介紹我去了這家新旅館。)3) sot I can cover the company?(你能給我寫一封介紹信以便采訪那家公司嗎?)3. comfortn. 舒適；安慰重

5、點用法give comfort to sb.take/ draw comfort from in comfortcomfortwithcomfort sb. for sth.vt. 安慰安慰從中得到安慰舒適地以安慰因而安慰典例1) He has enough money sot he can live in comfort.他有很多錢，足以舒舒服服地過日子。2) She comforted herself with the viewt her husband would come back in a few days.她認為丈夫幾天后就會回來，一次安慰自己。練習1) 在她想家的時候，收到了的來

6、信，這是一個很大的安慰。4. requirement重點用法n. 需要，要求establish/ raise requirements規(guī)定/提出要求meet/ fulfil /satisfy a requirement滿足要求典例1) Not all goods can satisfy the customers requirements.并非所有的商品都能滿足顧客的需求。2) Our immediate requirement is extra staff.急需增加引申：requirev. 需要；要求require sb. to do require sth to be donerequir

7、erequireng/ to be donet+ should do提示1) 表示“需要”時，后面接動名詞的主動形式表示意義2）表示“要求、命令”時， 賓語從句用虛擬語氣，即 should + 動詞練習1) The floor is dirty and it requires (clean).2)his company, it is requiredt anyho(have) recently come here _ (have)this kind of test.5. substitute 替者；代用品 vt. 用代替 重點用法substitute A for B 用 A 代 Bsubsti

8、tute sb. by with another 用別人a substitute for典例的代替者1)2)odern society, people accept to use plastics as a substitute for steelodern society, people substitute plastic for steel.在現(xiàn)代社會中人們用做鋼的代用品3) He substituted as the typisthe office. 他代替做這個的打字員。引申：take the place of代替replace A with B用 A 代替 B alternativ

9、e 替代的;供選擇的例句：Nowadays solar energy has taken the place of many conventional sour.Nowadays many conventional sourhave been replaced with solar energy現(xiàn)在能已代替了許多傳統(tǒng)能源。There was no alternative route open to her.她別無選擇練習 漢譯英1) 你不在時,新來的大學(xué)生會代替你的位置。2) 助手代替班長去參加了校會.。3)把果汁換成牛奶沒有用，因為兩者都不能讓你解渴。6. acknowledge vt. 承

10、認；確認；答謝重點用法Its(universally)acknowledgedt是大家所公認的acknowledge(ng)sth/t(從句) 承認(做了)某事/承認復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：(承認某物為)acknowledge sb.(sth)+n/ as +n/ +to be +nacknowledge sbwith以對acknowledge the applause 謝幕表示感謝 acknowledge a favorhelp 答謝所受到的關(guān)照幫助典例1) When asked about the receipt of Toms letter，he acknowledged it .當問到是否收到的信件

11、，他承認收到了。2）He was acknowledged wipresent for his long service with the company在公司服務(wù)多年，他因此受到表揚。3）It is acknowledgedt he is the finest poethe flesh大家公認他是目前最棒的詩人。練習根據(jù)括號里的漢語補全句子。1) The candidate was cast down very much.(這位承認自己在中失敗的候選人感到很沮喪。)2)With the depressed economy, .(由于經(jīng)濟，承認有的必要。)3)With the evidence

12、 offered.( 由于所呈貢的，我承認他的陳述是真實的。)4)With the monitorshown, from his classmates desk inside(由于顯,他不得不承認從同學(xué)桌子里偷了。)7. occupy vt.占有；占領(lǐng)；占據(jù) 重點用法occupation n. 職業(yè)keep sboccupied 使忙碌；occupy olf within(ng) sth忙于(做)某事；be occupied in(典例ng)with sth忙于(做)某事，正在做某事；1) The workers are occupied in building new houses建筑工人正

13、忙于建造新房子。2) Please fillhe form sing your occupation.請在表格中填入你的職業(yè)。練習根據(jù)括號里的漢語補全句子。1) (這個座位有人占嗎?)2) This game will (這種會讓孩子們玩上一陣子的。)3)Hehe Ministry of Education(他在教育部擔任要職。)4)A teacher should teaching( 教師不僅要專心于教書還要育人。)8. abundant adj.豐富的, 充裕的, 重點用法be abundant in=be rich in 富有abundance n.大量，豐富,充裕 in abundan

14、ce 大量,豐足an abundance of 大量的典例an abundant year 豐年a life of abundance 富裕的生活an abundance of sunshine 充足的陽光The region is abundant in wildlife. 這個地區(qū)野生動物極多.引申：plentifuladj. 豐富的,充足的;多的例句：Food became more plentiful each day.食品一天天變得豐富起來。練習 漢譯英1) 這個國家天然資源豐富。2) 大量的擺在那里.二、重點短語1. ket up. 保持優(yōu)秀成績；繼續(xù)干下去翻譯1) 我今天已經(jīng)工作

15、12個小時了，我不能再繼續(xù)干下去了。2）Ket up! Final victory is in sight.2. fit in 適應(yīng)；合得來拓展fit sth. to sth. 使與相符合fit in with sb./sth/ 與合得來，適應(yīng)fit up安裝，安放翻譯1) 她之前沒有做過這種工作，我不確定她是否能適應(yīng)。2) 我將改變時間表以適應(yīng)你的。3. settle in （遷入新居、更換工作后）安頓下來拓展settle olf down to sth. 按下心來做某事settle down平靜下來，成家settle onsettle up settle for決定，選定，看中結(jié)賬，了解某

16、事勉強接受；滿足于sett練習ack舒適地仰坐1)2)3)4)Maurice did not want to , buy a house and get married before he met Laura.Geina and Tom _and checked out of the hobeforech.The twins _heir beds to listen to the story.After a long search Laurence the large house with four bedrooms, even though it neededa lot of decorat

17、ion and repairs.5)6)It took Rose and Simon a long time bulast they _a name for the baby.We only moved to the new apartment last monnd we havent _yet.4. as far as one is concerned就而言典例As far as I am concerned，I cant object to your marriage就我(個人)而言，我不的婚事。As far as English is concerned，he is the best i

18、n our class就英語學(xué)習方面來說，他是班最優(yōu)秀的。短語歸納asso as I can see在我看來asso as I can see就我所知as far as the eye can see 就視線所及as far asgoes就而論練習 漢譯英1)就我而言, 我完全支持你的想法。2)就這項規(guī)則來說，沒人能找到它出自何方。3)荒涼的曠野向四面伸展而去，一望無際。5. out of the question 不可能的；不值得典例的1) It is out of the question for us to buy a new flat now sin不可能買得起新房子。tock mar

19、ket is still in low.依然低靡，2) Without your help, finishing the task ahead of time would be out of the question.沒你的幫助提前完成任務(wù)是不可能的.辨析out of question 練習 漢譯英1) 他無疑是班上的優(yōu)秀生。2) 現(xiàn)在買汽車是不可能的，把錢花光了。三、課文佳句詳解1.【原句】He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me because I thought the author of the articleknew fa

20、r moren I did. 他想要知道的是我所想的是什么。這倒把我弄糊涂了，因為該文作者所知道的比我多得多。模仿要點 句子結(jié)構(gòu): 多種句式混合【模仿 1】知道你所做的事情，吸引著是因為我認為你是一個很特別的人。【模仿 2】他想知道什么時候出發(fā)，那是非常重要的因為會議不能推遲。2.【原句】he high plains area is Lake Titicaca, the highest lakehe world, on which boats can travel.在高原地區(qū)有的的喀喀湖，這是世界拔最高的湖，湖上可以行船。模仿要點 句子結(jié)構(gòu): 倒裝句+定語從句【模仿 1】圍繞著這湖泊的是十六座

21、山峰，終年冰封。【模仿 2】市中心有一座最大的購物中心，里面商品琳瑯滿目。語法復(fù)習一 非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句與主句之間有逗號隔開，對主句進行附加說明，去掉主句，從句意思仍然清楚。His dog, which is very old, became ill and died. Yesterday I met Li Lei, who seemed to be very busy. As is known to all, the Earth travels around the Sun.He took the chance the study abroad, which turned ou

22、t to be a wise deci注意：.1.2.3.4.非限制性定語從句不能用t非限制性定語從句先行詞可以是一個詞也可以是整句話。關(guān)系副詞why 不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句 介詞+關(guān)系代詞可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。His bag, in which he put all his books, has not been found.He had a bad cold, because of which he didntend the meeting.Who is the man with whom you just shook hands?5.as和 which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：

23、1.as 一般放在句首，which 放在句中。As we all know, smoking is harmful to ones health. The sun heats the earth, which is important to us.as 含有“正如，按照，正像”之意，一般用在肯定句中，而 which 則可以用在含有否定意思的句子中。2.He failedhe exam, which was unexpected.Asxpected, he passed the driving test.3.下列固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，一般不用which as has been said beforeas

24、is well known as is often the case as followsas often happens語法檢測A.單項選擇題1. Beautiful stories and legends about the West Lake, have been passed down fordreds of years,keep alive Chihistory and culture.A.tB. whereC. in whichD. which2. Crusoes dog became ill and died, made him very lonely.A. thisB.tC.

25、whichD. as3. is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once every month.A.It4. The ship sB. As, are foreigners.C.tD. WhatA. most of them on thC. most of them on boardB. most of whom on thD. most of whom on board5. Yesterday she sold her car, she bought a mongo.A. whenB. whereC.tD. whi

26、ch6. The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life inthe city.A. whomB. whichC. themD. those7. Reading books, takes the reader to other worlds, is a wonderful way to enjoy life.A.tB. whatC. asD. which8. These old pictures bring to their mind the co

27、llege days they spent together, life was hardbuppy.A. when; whoseC. which; whenB. which; whoseD. when; which9. My high school friend, I havent seen for 20 years, is no longer he was.A. who;tB. which;tC. whom; whatD.t; what10. is known to all, there are several different blood.A. It; kindsB. As; type

28、sC. As; kindsD. At; type11. About an hour after sunrise, I rode across the countryside birds were singing.A. where12. The factory produA. of whichB. whichC.tD. whenhalf a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% are sold abroad.B. which ofC. of themdred feet high.B. the larger of themD. the larger of

29、whichD. oft13. There are two buildings, stands nearly aA. the largerC. the larger onet14. Luckily, wed bought aA. it, without we would have lost our way.B.tC. thisD. which15. I work in a business almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.A. howB. whichC. whereD.tB. 用適當?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空1. The owner of the c

30、inema needed to makea lot of improvements and employ more people to keep itrunning, meant spending tens of thousands of money.2. Helen is muore kind to her younger child, of course, makes the others unhappy.The weather turned out to be fine, _ we could expect.Recently he bought a big house, price is

31、 quite reasonable.Recently he bought a big house, the price of is quite reasonable.Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from effects the people are still suffering._ is often the case, we have worked out the production planPlease make a mark at the place you dont understand.課堂檢測一

32、、根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞語用法：Six years ago, Xie Lei boarded a plane for London 1(complete) a business2_(資格). When she came to England, she lived wihost family, 3 members always helped her. Atthe beginning she had to face 4 difficulties of daily life as how to use the phone, how to pay on thebus.5 (st

33、udy) there was quite different from studying in China and she needed some 6_(準備). She had to get used to a new way of life, 7 took up all her concentration. It was 8(benefit) to fulfill Western academic requirements.二、根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示寫出正確的單詞。Is English an o lesson or does everyone have to learn it?They d

34、several layers of rock to reach the oil.Madame Curie is usually a to be one of the most outstanding scientists.4. Previous working experience is a nesary q for the job.Money is no s for happiness.Can you r me some relevant books on thibject?7. We need someith (事業(yè)心) and imagination to design a market

35、ing strategy.My fingers are n with cold.The students attended a history l today.He is fully o looking after three children.三、用所給短語的正確形式填空。1. The couple didnt give themselves time to marriage before their baby arrived.2. We had only ak to the wedding.3. His ideas didnt quite with our aims.4. Im suret

36、 you will country life.ket upfit infeel at homesubstitute foradjust to make preparation for be occupied withget used toIf only he could , he would break the world record.She on the stage this time, though she seldom appeared.7. We for the mid-term exam, so we donve time to go for an outing.8. Nothin

37、g can the lessons you draw from your failure.四、完成句子1.眼科醫(yī)生建議，孩子的第一次眼睛檢查應(yīng)該在 6 個月大時進行。Eye doctorsmendt a childseye exam.2.在那些艱難的時期，能夠買得起一杯酒會是一件欣慰的事情。Being able to afford a drinkhose tough times.3.獨自一人在Walking alone中走，那個男孩吹口哨給自己壯膽。he dark, the boyd to _.4.在那所學(xué)校里，英語是所有學(xué)生的必修科目，但法語和俄語是選修科目。hat school, Engl

38、ish is compulsory for all students, while French and Russian.5.就是那位老婦人在前面被了。It was in front of the b.五、完形填空You have waited 45 minutes for the valuable 10 minutes break betn classes. But when the bell forthe next class rings, you can 1 beve how fast time has passed. If you are 2 with this scene,youll

39、 know how time fs when you are having fun and 3 when you are bored. Now scientists havecome up wireason why this is the case.Scans have shownt patterns of activityhe brain 4 according to how we focus on a task.When our time is occupied with 5 things, we concentrate more on how time is passing, whiou

40、r brains think the clock is ticking more slowly.akesIn an experiment 6by a French laboratory, 12 voteers watched an image while researchers7their brain activity. The voteers were told toconcentrate on how long a(an) 8 stayed onthe screen, then focus on the color of the image, and thirdly, study both

41、 the 9of time and color.The results showedt the brain was 10when the voteers paid attention to more subjects. Itis thoughtt if the brain is 11, focusing on many aspects of a task, is to spread its resour, andpays less attention to the clock. Therefore, time passes without us really 12it, and seems t

42、o go quickly.If the brain is not so active, it devotes all iergies to monitoring the13of time, 14 creatingthe imprest time is dragging.Next time you feel 15in class, perhaps you should pay more attention to what the teacher is saying!1.A. actuallyB. hardlyC. totallyD. firmly2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.

43、13.14.15.A. satisfiedA. dragsA. changeA. variousA. carriedA. reducedA. colourA. importanceA. more activeA. busyA. recognizingA. wasteA. finallyA. excitedB. happyB. stopsB. developB. unerestingB. producedB. controlledB. timeB. influenceB. more sensitiveB. largeB. watchingB. lackB. consequentlyB. bore

44、dC. familiarC. backsC. growC. challengingC. triedC. monitoredC. activityC. lengthC. busierC. smallC. countingC. passingC. unluckilyD. confusedD. gainsD. slowD. stressfulD. performedD. increasedD. imageD. shortageD. clevererD. emptyD. noticingD. useD. pitifullyD. stressedC.erested六、閱讀理解AOne might exp

45、ectt the ever-growing demands of the tourist trade would bring nothing but goodfor the countriest receive the holiday-makers., a rosy picture is paed for the long-termbuilding of a new hosomewhere, and everyfuture of the holiday industry. Every month sees themonnother rock-bound Pacific island is ad

46、vertised as the last paradise() on earth.However, the scale and speed of this growth seem set to destroy the very things tourists want to enjoy. In those countries where there was a rush to make quick money out of sea-side holidays, over-crowded beaches and the concrete jungles of endless ho s have

47、begun to lose their appeal.Those countries with little experience of tourism can suffer most. In recent years, Nepal set out toattract foreign visitors to fund developments in healnd education. Its forests, full of wildlife and rareflowers, were offered to tourists as one more untouched paradise. In

48、 fact, the nature all too soon felt the effects of thousands of holiday-makers traveling through the forest land. Ancient tacks became major routes for the walkers, with the consequent exploi ion of precious trees and plants.Not only can the environment of a country suffer from the sudden growth of

49、tourism. The people aswell raly feel its effects. Farmland makes way for hos, roads and airports; the old way of life goes.The one-time farmer is now the servant of some multi-nationalanization; he is no longer his ownt is exploited. No doubt hemaster. Once it was his backt bore the pain; now it is

50、his swonders whether he wasnppier in his village working his own land.nkfully, the tourist industry is waking up to the responsibilities is towards those countriest receive its customers. The protection of wildlife and the creation of national parks go hand in handwith tourist development and in fac

51、t obtain finanl support from tourist companies. At the same time,tourists are being encouraged to respect not only the countryside they visit but also its people.The way tourism is handledhe next ten years will decide its fate andt of the countries we allwant to visit. Their needs and problems are m

52、ore importantn those of the tourist companies.Increased understanding in planning world-wide tourism can preserve the market for these companies. Ifnot, in a few years time the very thingstract tourists now may well have been destroyed. tence of Paragraph 1 ?B. The Pacific island is worth visiting.D

53、. The advertisement is not impressive1. What does the author indicatehe lasA. The Pacific island is a paradise.C. The advertisement is not convincing.2. The exle of Nepal is used to suggest .A. its natural resourare untouched.B. its forests are exploited for farmlandD. it suffers from the heavy flow

54、 of tourists.C. it develops well in healnd education.What can we learn about the farmers from Paragraph 4 ?They are happy to work their own lands.They have to please the tourists for a living.They have to struggle for their independence.D. They are proud of workingulti-nationalanizations.4. Which of

55、 the following determines the future of tourism ?A. The number of touristsC. The promotion of new products.B. The improvement of serviD. The management of tourism5. The authors attitude towards the development of the tourist industry is .A. optimisticB. doubtfulC. objectiveD. negativeBThirteen vehic

56、les lined up last March to race across the Mojave Desert, seeking a million in prize money.To win, they had to finish the 142-race in lessn 10 hours. Teams and watchers knew there might beno winner at all, because these vehicles were missing a key partdrivers.DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Pro

57、jects Agency,anized the race as part of a push todevelop robotic vehicles for future battlefields. But the Grand Challenge, as it was called, just proved howdifficult it is to get a car to speed across an unfamiliar desert without human guidance. One had its brake lockuphe starting area, Another beg

58、an by throwing itself onto a wall. Another got tied up by bushes near theroad after 1.9.One turned upside down. One took off in entirely the wrong direction and had to be disabled by remote(遠距離的) consol.ent a little moren aand rushedo a fence; another managed to go for sixbut stuck on a rock. The “winner,”if there was any, reached 7.8hole, and the front wheels caught on fire.before it rano a long, narrow“You get a lot of respect for natural abiliti