直接引語變間接引語講解課件概要1

1、直接引語變間接引語Direct speech and Indirect speechI am the king of the whole world.What does the lion say? Direct Speech and Reported Speech引語的概念直接引述別人的原話，叫 _;直接引語 用自己的話把別人的話陳述出來，叫 _。間接引語直接引語通常都用_括起來， 引號(hào)“ 間接引語在多數(shù)情況下都構(gòu)成一個(gè) _。賓語從句Direct Speech Reported SpeechShe said, “I like singing. She said, “I am waiting f

2、or a bus.She said, “I visited Europe last year.She said, “I have never met an American.She said, “I will see you next week. She said she liked singing.She said she was waiting for a bus. She said she had visited Europe the year before.She said she had never met an American. She said she would see me

3、 the next week. SUMMARY 直接引語是陳述句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)用連詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句.從句中的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等相應(yīng)變化.一、如何變?nèi)朔Q： 口訣：一隨主。二隨賓，第三不變?！耙浑S主是指在直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化如：Shesaid,Mybrotherwantstogo shoppingwithme.Shesaidherbrother wantedtogo shoppingwithher.“二隨賓是指直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，假設(shè)從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人稱所修飾

4、。從句中的人稱要跟引號(hào)外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號(hào)外的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱，如： HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow? HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。 “第三人稱不更新是指直接引語變間接引語時(shí)。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如： Mr.Smithsaid, “Jackisagoodboy.Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.She asked me“Do you know my name?She asked meI knew her name.Whether

5、/ if是否She asked me“Do you like English?She asked meI liked English.Whether / if直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句 , 間接引語應(yīng)改為由 whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句. Hesaid,Canyouswim,John?“ HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim。 “Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.She asked me“What are you doing?She asked meI was doi

6、ng.whatShe asked me“How does she go to school?She asked meShe went to school.how 直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句賓語從句必須用陳述句語序。 Sheaskedme,Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner. Sheaskedme,Whatwas Jack doing when I come in?Sheaskedme what Jack was doing when she came in. 1.

7、“Where is she from? He asked where she was from. 2. “How old are they? He asked how old they were. 3. “Whats the weather like today? He asked what the weather was like that day. 4. “How do you go to school?. He asked how you went to school. 5. “Who is singing? He asked who was singing. 6. “When do y

8、ou get up? He wanted to know when I got up.SUMMARY 直接引語是疑問句，變間接引語時(shí)，要從疑問語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序。 直接引語是一般疑問句反意疑問句，選擇疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),用連詞 if 或 whether 連接。 直接引語是特殊疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),仍用原來的疑問詞作連詞來引導(dǎo)。4. 直接引語是祈使句變?yōu)殚g接引語的方法 間接引語應(yīng)改為 “tell (ask, order等) sb (not) to do sth.句型。 She said, “ Dont talk.She asked the children She said, “Be qui

9、et.She asked me She said, “Put up you hands if you have anyquestions.She told us to put up our hands if we had any questions.to be quiet.not to talk.Direct SpeechReported Speech“Never do that again, the teacher saidThe policeman ordered us to be quiet.The policeman ordered:“Be quiet.The teacher told

10、 the boy to open the window The teacher said to the boy ,Open the window .The teacher told me not /never to do that again“Wait a moment she said to them.She asked them to wait a moment . 直接引語是祈使句，變成間接引語，把動(dòng)詞原形變成動(dòng)詞不定式，并在動(dòng)詞不定前加tell, ask, order , advise等動(dòng)詞的賓語。注意：否定句，在動(dòng)詞不定式前加not或never.SUMMARYExercises :

11、1). Betty says to Harry, I want to borrow your book. 2).My teacher said , “she is a good student.Betty says to Harry (that) she wants to borrow his Book. My teacher said that she was a good student.Exercises : 1). Betty says to Harry, I want to borrow your book. 2).My teacher said , “she is a good s

12、tudent.Betty says to Harry (that) she wants to borrow his Book. My teacher said that she was a good student.3) She asked me, Do you agree with me?4) Anne asked her mother, “Is there any delicious food to eat?She asked me if I agreed with her.Anne asked her mother if there was anydelicious food to ea

13、t.5) “ What are you going to do? he asked. 6“How do you go to school every day? asked Mr. Zhang.He asked me what I was going to do.Mr. Zhang asked how I went to school everyday.7). Mom said,“ Dont chat with strangers8). “ Go shopping with me, please? said Mr. Wang .Mom told me not to chat with stran

14、gers.Mr. Wang asked me to go shopping with him.She said to me “ Why are you interested in science? She asked me _ _ _interested in science.2. He asked him “when will you buy the red coat? He asked him _ _ _ buy the red coat.3. Shirley asked me “Where were you born? Shirley asked me _ _ _ born.4. “ W

15、hats wrong with you? Lily asked me. Lily asked me _ _ _ with _.5. The girl asked me “What happened? The girl asked me _ _.Exercises:why I was when he wouldwhere I waswhat was wrong me what happened本卷須知1) 人稱2) 時(shí)態(tài) 3) 相應(yīng)的時(shí)間地點(diǎn)狀語4) 標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)5 大小寫6 問號(hào)改為句號(hào)7 語序-疑問改陳述8 賓語從句由什么引出9) 祈使句要使用動(dòng)詞不定式來引述直接引語變間接引語所在的句子類型1.

16、陳述句2.一般疑問句(反意疑問句，選擇疑問句3.特殊疑問句4.祈使句一、如何變?nèi)朔Q： 口訣：一隨主。二隨賓，第三不變。“一隨主是指在直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化如：Shesaid,Mybrotherwantstogo shoppingwithme.Shesaidherbrother wantedtogo shoppingwithher.“二隨賓是指直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，假設(shè)從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟引號(hào)外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號(hào)外的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱，如： Hesa

17、idtoKate.Howisyoursisternow? HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。 “第三人稱不更新是指直接引語變間接引語時(shí)。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如： Mr.Smithsaid, “Jackisagoodboy.Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.直接引語 間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過去時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過去時(shí) 過去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過去完成時(shí)一般將來時(shí) 過去將來時(shí)The teacher said,“The sun is bigger than the earth.The

18、 teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.注: 直引假設(shè)是客觀真理,變?yōu)殚g引時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不變.時(shí)態(tài)變化二二、如何變時(shí)態(tài)：直接引語在改為間接引語時(shí)、時(shí)態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。1) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)態(tài)； She said: “ I am a student. She said (that) she was a student.2)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí) Shesaid, Hewillgotoseehisfriend.Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。Tom said, “ I am going to play ba

19、sketball tomorrow. Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow.3) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)； She said ,“I am reading a book.She said she was reading a book. 注意：以下幾種情況時(shí)態(tài) 不變直接引語是客觀真理。 Theteacher said Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Theteachersaidmetheearthmovesaround thesunearth.直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語， 變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。

20、如： Jacksaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980.直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。 Jacksaid.“I was doing chores when Tom came to see meJacksaid he was doing chores when Tom came to see him.Jack saidhewasbornonApril21,1980.直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，變間接引語，時(shí)態(tài)不變。(時(shí)刻表如： Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning。如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有過去時(shí)的形式不再變例：could

21、,should,would,might The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days. The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days. 和已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)的形式時(shí)， 例： oughtto，hadbetter,usedto Petersaid.Youhadbettercomeheretoday.Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.now-thenyesterday-the day beforetod

22、ay-that daytomorrow-the next daylast week/year-the week/year beforethis week/ year-that week/yearnext week/year-the next week/ yeara week/ year ago-a week/ year before直接引語中的時(shí)間狀語轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)那么：三、1.ago-before2、直接引語中的指示代詞轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)那么： 3、直接引語中動(dòng)詞come在間接引語中用go:4、直接引語中副詞here在間接引語中用there：5、如果是在當(dāng)天或在原地轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)，那么上述時(shí)間狀語 或地點(diǎn)狀語一律不變：注

23、意！thisthatthesethose三、如何變狀語：直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)律，時(shí)間狀語由“現(xiàn)在改為“原來例：now變?yōu)閠hen,yesterday變?yōu)閠hedaybefore today變?yōu)?that day He said, I want to go swimming now. He said he wanted to go swimming then.地點(diǎn)狀語，尤其表示方向性的， here 變 there The teacher said ,“ You should come here at 7:00. The teacher said I should go ther

24、e at 7:00.指示代詞修飾的狀語，由“此改為“彼 例：this改為that Hesaid,Thisbookismine.“Hesaidthatbook washis. 謂語動(dòng)詞的變化:直接引語:Must ;Come ;bring間接引語:had to; go ;takeShe said, I will come here this evening.She said that she would go there that evening1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today. Jack told me that _ worried _. A

25、. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat dayExercise I2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now. We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow 3. Mr Black said, “I have wa

26、lked a long way this week. Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow. The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he sh

27、ouldtomorrow D. he would the next day 5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ? They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago? Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hear

28、da week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he heardthe week ago7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ? She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. would hethe next time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time 8. Jack s

29、aid to her, “Where do you spend your holidays? Jack asked her where _ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you spent your9. Black asked me, “ Why havent you left here yet? Black asked me why _ yet. A. I hadnt left there B. I havent left here C. hadnt I left there D. haven

30、t I left here 10. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east ? The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east. A. ifrise B. ifrises C. whetherrose D. whether did riseExercise1. “I never eat meat. he said. He said that _ never _ meat.2. “Ive found my wallet. he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3. “I took it home with me. she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with her.4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.The teacher said that the sun _ in the eas