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1、UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES Section C Discovering Useful Structures 核心詞匯 詞匯一fold vt. 包;裹;折疊 vt. & vi. (可)折小;(可)疊平教材原句I really like that paper folding book.我真的很喜歡那本折紙書要點(diǎn)必記fold your arms 雙臂交叉在胸前fold up 折疊起來a folded letter 一封折疊的信詞語積累folder n. 文件夾unfold vt. 展開folding adj. 可折疊的題組練領(lǐng)悟方法單句語法填空(1)Would you like

2、the paper rolled or (fold)?(2) He (fold)the letter(in half)and put it in an envelope.(3)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)He had a neatly (fold)handkerchief in his jacket pocket.單句寫作(4) 桌子不用時(shí)可以折疊起來。 when not in use.foldedfoldedfoldedThe table folds up詞匯二recommend vt. 建議;推薦;介紹教材原句And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villa

3、ges. 我強(qiáng)烈推薦少數(shù)民族村落。要點(diǎn)必記recommend sb. for/as sth.推薦某人擔(dān)任/ 當(dāng)recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推薦某物recommend sth. for sth.推薦某物用于某種用途recommend doing sth. 建議做某事recommend that.(should)do sth.建議做某事(虛擬語氣)Its recommended that.(should)do sth.有人建議做某事。單句語法填空(1) I recommended (buy)an English-Chinese dictionary,which I thoug

4、ht would be of great help to your studies.(2) I bought the book Gone with the Wind from the bookstore yesterday, which my teacher recommended me.(3) Thank you for recommending me the position of a manager.單句寫作(4) Teachers recommend that parents_ (不允許他們的孩子)under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safe

5、ty.not allow their children fortobuying 單元語法 省略要點(diǎn)一 句子成分的省略用法歸納(1)祈使句中常省略主語。 (You)Believe yourself. 相信自己。(2)口語中或承前省略謂語、表語、賓語、定語等。 (Come)This way,sir. 先生,請這邊走。 Some students like English,others(like)French. 有些學(xué)生喜歡英語,還有一些喜歡法語。 Are you a doctor? 你是一名醫(yī)生嗎? No,I am not(a doctor). 不,我不是(一名醫(yī)生)。單句語法填空(1) (obe

6、y)the rules,or you will get punished.單句寫作(省略的形式)(2) John is a lawyer, (他妻子是一名教師).(3) Read the story, (并且復(fù)述這個故事).(4) I like red wine better than (白葡萄酒).Obeyhis wife a teacherand retellwhite要點(diǎn)二 介詞的省略用法歸納( 1)一些與動詞、名詞或形容詞搭配的介詞常常省略。常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有: have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth. 做某事有困難 be busy(in)doing sth

7、. 忙于做某事 spend some time(in)doing sth. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事 stop/prevent sb.(from)doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 There is no sense/point(in)doing sth. 做某事沒有意義。 It is no good/use(in)doing sth. 做某事沒有用。( 2)表 示 時(shí) 間 的 介 詞 at,on 和 in,在next,last,this,these,yesterday, tomorrow,one,any,every,each,some 等詞之前時(shí),一般省略。單句語法填空(1) He spent on

8、e hour (sweep)up the fallen leaves.(2) The skin can prevent your body (lose)too much water.(3) I cant imagine what great difficulty he had (climb)the mountain.(4) Some students have trouble (remember)so many words.(5)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)They are busy (arrange)the wedding party.(6) There is no sense (argue)with him.

9、 He is really stubborn.(7) It is no use (try)to persuade your boss. He wont approve of your project.單句寫作(8) The guard (阻止他通過)the gate.(9) He went to work every day except (上個周).(10)I will get up early (明天早上).sweepinglosingclimbingrememberingarrangingarguingtryingstopped him going throughlast weektom

10、orrow morning要點(diǎn)三 動詞不定式的省略用法歸納(1)want,wish,expect,hope,try,forget,would like 等后面出現(xiàn)與上文相同的不定式 時(shí),常保留不定式符號 to,而省略后面的內(nèi)容。(2)兩個或兩個以上的不定式表示并列關(guān)系時(shí),第一個帶to,后面的省略 to;但如 果兩個不定式表示對比關(guān)系,則to 不可省略。( 3)感官動詞(詞組)see,look at,hear,listen to,notice,watch 等和使役動詞 make,let,have 等后面作賓補(bǔ)的不定式要省略to,但此類動詞的被動語態(tài)中 的to不可省略。( 4)在某些句式中,如果介

11、詞 but 前有實(shí)義動詞do 的某種形式,后面的不定式要省略to。誤區(qū)警示當(dāng)省略的不定式內(nèi)含有作助動詞用的have 或be 的任何形式時(shí),to 后要保留原形have 或be。單句語法填空(1) They managed to overcome all the difficulties and (finish)the task ahead of schedule.(2)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)He didnt tell me whether to reject or (accept).(3) The workers were made (work)day and night by the manager.(4)

12、 All he could do was nothing but (wait)and see.劃出下列句中可省略部分(5) Please come to my house if you want to come to my house. (6) He didnt come,but he ought to have come. (7) Are you a farmer ? No,but I used to be a farmer. 單句寫作(8) Your words (讓我感到樂觀)about the future.(9) She did nothing (除了哭).(to)finish to

13、 accept to work wait_make me feel optimisticbut cry要點(diǎn)四 并列句中的省略用法歸納(1)省略共同的主語或賓語。( 2)若主語不同,而謂語部分的助動詞或情態(tài)動詞相同,則省略后面的助動詞 或情態(tài)動詞。( 3)若主語以及謂語動詞均相同,則省略后面的主謂成分。( 4)若主語不同,但主要動詞及后續(xù)部分相同,則省略主要動詞及后續(xù)部分。( 5)省略重復(fù)的介詞、連詞及后續(xù)部分。劃出下列句中可省略部分(1) Tom picked up the book on the floor and Tom handed it to his teacher.(2) Jack

14、must have been playing football and Mary must have been doing her homework.(3) His advice made me happy,but his advice made Jim angry.(4) He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesnt have a knowledge of first aid.(5) He was late because he had overslept and because he had missed the train._

15、要點(diǎn)五 狀語從句中的省略用法歸納( 1)在 when,while,whenever,until,if,unless,though,although,as if,as though, as,whether 等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中,若謂語部分含有 be 動詞,而從句主語又和主句 主語相同或從句主語為 it,則從句中的主語和be 動詞常一起省略。學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥 if 類慣用省略結(jié)構(gòu): if so 如果是這樣的話 if not 如果不是這樣;否則 if necessary 如果有必要 if possible 如果可能的話 if any 如果有的話 if ever 如果曾經(jīng)有的話( 2)在 as,than,how

16、ever,whatever,no matter what 等引導(dǎo)的從句中常省略某些成分。劃出下列句中可省略部分(1) Tie a bandage tightly over her sprained ankle when it is necessary.(2)Wood gives off much smoke while wood is burning.(3) Ill start writing the novel this winter if it is possible.(4) His opinion,whether it is right or wrong,will be consider

17、ed.(5) After two hours she became quieter than she had been.單句寫作(6) (當(dāng)有麻煩時(shí)),I always turn to my friends for help.(7) Mistakes, (若有的話),should be corrected immediately.(8) She worked very hard (雖然仍舊很虛弱).(9) (雖然很聰明),he was poorly educated._When in troubleThough intelligentif anythough still very weak要點(diǎn)

18、六 定語從句與名詞性從句中的省略 用法歸納( 1)在限制性定語從句中,作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞whom,who,which,that 可 省略。(2)在know,think,consider,suppose,find,believe,say,decide 等動詞后 所接的賓語從句中,連接詞that 可以省略;若帶有多個賓語從句,只有第 一個that 可以省略,其余的則不能省略。( 3)由 which,when,where,how,why 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,有時(shí)可承前省略全 部或部分內(nèi)容。( 4)在與 suggest,request,order,advise,recommend 等詞相關(guān)的名詞性從句 中,應(yīng)用虛擬語氣,即從句謂語用“should+ 動詞原形”,should 可以省略。劃出下列句中可省略部分(1) He is the man whom/who/that you can safely depend on.(2) I dont like such books as these are.(3) He said that the text was very important and that we shouldnt leave out any details when retell

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