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1、山東春考英語常見結(jié)構(gòu)總結(jié) 1. as as一樣 原級(jí);例如: 和 中間必需用This classroom is as as that one. 這間教室和那間一樣大; He runs as as Tom. 他和湯姆跑的一樣快; 否定結(jié)構(gòu): not as/so as不, ”;上面的兩個(gè)句子可分別改為: 如 This classroom is not as/so large as that one. He doesn t run as/so fast as Tom. 2. as soon as就 一 用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句;如主句是一般將來時(shí),從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);例如: I ll tell him
2、the plan as soon as I him. 我一看到他就告知他這個(gè)方案; He ll go home as soon as he his work. 他一完成工作就回家; 3. be busy/enjoy/hate/go on/finish doing sth. 忙于 /寵愛 /厭惡 /連續(xù) /完成做某事 在 enjoy, finish, hate, go on, be busy 等詞語后,一般用動(dòng)詞 -ing 形式作賓語;例 如: Lin Tao is busy 林濤正忙著做飛機(jī)模型; My mother enjoys a model plane. a walk after sup
3、per. 我媽媽寵愛晚飯后閑逛; I hate Channel Five. 我厭惡看五頻道; When someone asked him to have a rest, he just went on 當(dāng)有人讓他休息一會(huì)兒時(shí),他仍連續(xù)工作; I have finished the story. 我已經(jīng)寫完了故事; 4. fill wi用 裝滿 .; be filled with 布滿了 ;be full of 布滿了 . th be filled with 說明由外界事物造成的此種狀態(tài),表示被動(dòng);例如: The box is filled food. 盒子里裝滿了食物; be full of
4、 說明主語處于的狀態(tài);此外,仍可表示程度,意“特殊 ”;例如: 為 The patient s roomisfullflow那 ers個(gè). 病人的房間擺滿了花; The young man is full of pride. 那個(gè)年輕人特殊驕傲; 1第 1 頁,共 10 頁這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)仍可以相互改寫;例如: I fill the box with food. The box is full of food. 5. be good/bad for 有利于 /有害于 此句 型是: be+adj.+for+n.結(jié)構(gòu);例如: Doing morning exercises is for your hea
5、lth. 做早操對(duì)你的健康有益; Always playing computer games is 總玩電腦玩耍對(duì)你的學(xué)習(xí)不利; 6. be used todoing sth. 習(xí)慣于 for your study. 后必需接名詞或動(dòng)名詞, 可用于現(xiàn)在,過去,將來的多種時(shí)態(tài); be 可用 get,become 來代替; 例如: He is used to life in the country.He is used to living in the country. 他習(xí)慣于鄉(xiāng)村生活; He will get used to up early. 他將會(huì)習(xí)慣于早起; 留意: beused to
6、do的意思是 “被用來做 ”;例如: Wood is used to paper. 木材被用來造紙; 7. both and 兩者都 用來連接兩個(gè)并列成分 ;當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí),其后謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);例如: Both the students and the teachers will go to the History Museum tomorrow. 不論老師仍是同學(xué)明天都會(huì)去歷史博物館; 8. can t helpdoing s禁 th.不住做某事 help在此的意思是 “抑制 ,忍住 ”,其后接動(dòng)詞 -ing形式;例如: His joke is too funny. We can t_
7、h_e_l_p_. 他的笑話太好玩了,我們禁不止笑了起來; 9. sth. costs sb. some money 某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢 此句型的主語是物; cost 一詞帶的是雙賓語, 它的過去式,過去分詞和原型一樣; This book me five yuan. 這本書花了我五元錢; 10. either or 不是 就是 ,或者 或者 用來連接兩個(gè)并列成分,當(dāng)連接并列主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞與鄰近的主語保持一樣; You may stay here or go home. 你可以呆在這兒,也可以回家; 2第 2 頁,共 10 頁Either she or I right. = Either I
8、 or she right. 不是她對(duì)就是我對(duì); 11. enough for sb. to do sth. 足夠 做 在此結(jié)構(gòu)中 ,for 用來引出不定式的規(guī)律主語;例如: The ice isn t thick enough for you to walk on. 這冰仍沒有厚到你可以在上面走的程度; 12. feel like doing sth. 想要做 此處 like 為介詞,后面跟動(dòng)詞 -ing 形式;此句型與 如: would like to do sth. 同義;例 I feel like a cup of milk. 我想喝一杯牛奶; 13. feel/find/think
9、it adj./n. to do sth. 認(rèn)為某事 在此結(jié)構(gòu)中 it 為形式賓語,不定式短語作真正的賓語;例如: I find it very to play football. 我發(fā)覺踢足球很好玩; She thinks her duty to help us. 她認(rèn)為幫忙我們是她的職責(zé); 14. get ready for sth./to do sth. getready for sth 為 “為某事做預(yù)備 ”;getready to do sth意 . 為 “預(yù)備做某事 ”例如: . 意We are getting ready the meeting. 我們正在為會(huì)議做預(yù)備; They
10、 were getting ready have a sports meet at that moment. 他們那時(shí)正預(yù)備開運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì); 15. get/receive/have a letter from 收到 Did you a letter from John. 你收到約翰的來信了嗎 .的來信,相當(dāng)于 hear from I got a letter my brother yesterday. 我昨天收到了我弟弟的一封來信; 16. had better not do sth. 最好別做某事 had better 為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,其后需用動(dòng)詞原h(huán)ad better 常用縮寫,變 d bette
11、,r 形; 其否定形式是在其后直接加 not;例成 We had better go now. = We d better go now. 我們最好現(xiàn)在走吧; You d better go out because it is windy. 3第 3 頁,共 10 頁今日刮風(fēng),你最好別出去了; 17. have sth. done 使某事 完 動(dòng)作由別人完成 成 sth.為賓語, done 為過去分詞作補(bǔ)語;例如: We had the machine repaired. 我們請(qǐng)人把機(jī)器修好了; 留意區(qū)分: We have repaired the machine.我們 自己 已經(jīng)修好了機(jī)器;
12、 18. help sb. to do sth./with sth. 幫忙某人 做某事,其中的 to 可以省略;例如: I often help my mother housework. 我經(jīng)常幫忙媽媽做家務(wù); Would you please help me to look up these words. 請(qǐng)你幫忙我查查這些詞好嗎 . 19. How do you like 你.認(rèn)為 怎么樣 .與 what do you think of 同義.; 例如: How do you the weather in Beijing. 你認(rèn)為北京的天氣怎么樣 .20. I don t think/be
13、lieve tha我 t 認(rèn)我 /信任 不 其中的 not 是對(duì)賓語從句進(jìn)行否定而不是對(duì)主句否定 例如: I don t think it will rain. 我認(rèn)為天不會(huì)下雨; I don t believe the girl will come. 我信任那女孩不會(huì)來了; 否定前移 ;that 可省略; 21. It happens that 碰巧 相當(dāng)于 happen to do,例如: It happened that I heard their secret. 可改寫為: I happened to their secret. 我碰巧聽到了他們的隱秘; s/has be 一 en段+
14、時(shí)間 +since從 句 自從某時(shí)起做某件事情已經(jīng)一段時(shí)間了 該句型中 since 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句常用一般過去時(shí);例 如: It s twenty years since he 他來這里已經(jīng) 20 年了; It has been six years since he here. Mary. 他和瑪麗結(jié)婚已經(jīng)六年了; 23. It is +adj./n. + for sb. to do sth. 做某事對(duì)某人來說 4第 4 頁,共 10 頁It 是形式主語,真正的主語是不定式 to do sth;例如: It s not easy for us to study English well.
15、對(duì)我們來說學(xué)好英語并不簡(jiǎn)潔; It s a good idea for us to travel to the south. 去南方旅行對(duì)我們來說是個(gè)好想法; 24. It s + adj. + of sb. to do sth. It 是形式主語, to do sth.是真正的主語 , 當(dāng)表語 即形容詞 能對(duì)規(guī)律主語描述時(shí), 常用介詞 of,而不用 for;例如: It s very polite of you to give your seat to old people. 你給老人讓座,特殊有禮貌; 25. It seems/appears(to sb) that 在 某人看來 好像 此
16、句中的 it 是主語, that 引導(dǎo)的是表語從句;例如: It seems that he is lying. 看樣子他好像是在撒謊; It appears to me that he never smiles. 在我看來,他從來沒有笑過; 26. It is +數(shù)詞 +metres/kilometers long/wide 是多少米 公里長寬 用來表示物體的長 寬 ,高,如數(shù)詞大于一,名詞要用復(fù)數(shù);例如: It is 20 metres long from this end to that end. 從這端到那端有二十米長; 27. It s time for sb. to do是 sth
17、某. 人干某事的時(shí)候了 it 是形式主語,真正的主語是動(dòng)詞不定式 to do sth. 例如: It s time for the child to go to bed. 孩子該睡覺了; 比較下面兩種結(jié)構(gòu): It s time for +例n如 . : It s time for school.It s time to do s例th: It s time to go to school. . 如28. It takes sb. some time to do sth.花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間做某事 it 是形式主語,真正的主語是動(dòng)詞不定式 to do sth;例如: It her fifteen m
18、inutes to walk to the bus stop from here. 從這兒走著到公交車站將花費(fèi)她 15 分鐘; It took the old man three days finish the work. 那個(gè)老人花了三天時(shí)間完成這項(xiàng)工作; 29. keep on doing sth. 始終堅(jiān)持做某事 5第 5 頁,共 10 頁keepdoing sth.一般用于靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞; keepondoing sth.意為 “連續(xù)不停地做某事 ”, 一般用于動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞,但二者的區(qū)分并不是很嚴(yán)格,有時(shí)可以互換;例如: Don t keep doing such foolish things.
19、 不要再做這樣的傻事了; He kept there all day. 他成天坐在那里; 30. keep from doing sth阻 . 止.做某事 相當(dāng)于 stop from doing sth., prevent from doing在s主 th.動(dòng)句中,stop 和 prevent后面的 from 可以省略,但在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中, from 不行以省略;例如: Please keep the children swimming in the sea. 請(qǐng)別讓孩子到海里游泳; The big noise outside my room stopped me doing my homewor
20、k. 屋外巨大的噪音使我不能做作業(yè); 31. keep sb. doing sth. 讓某人始終做某事 不行和 keep sb.from doing sth結(jié). Why do you keep me 構(gòu)混淆;例如: for a long time. 你為什么讓我等了很長時(shí)間 .32. make sb. do sth.使某人干某事 make 意為 “使”時(shí),其后要有不帶 to 的動(dòng)詞不定式;例如: He made me ten hours a day. 他讓我每天工作 10 小時(shí); 留意:上句如改為被動(dòng)語態(tài),就 work 前的 to 不能省略;例如: I was made ten hours a
21、 day. 就進(jìn)一樣原就 ;例如: 33. neither nor既不 也不 當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞與鄰近的主語取得一樣 Neither we nor Jack him. 我們和杰克都不熟識(shí)他; He neither knows nor cares what happened. 他對(duì)發(fā)生的事情不聞不問; 34. not until 直到才. until 后可跟名詞或從句,表示時(shí)間;例如: Hedidn t comeuntillatein the evening他 . 直到晚上很遲才來; He didn t arrive until the game began. 6第 6 頁,共 1
22、0 頁直到競(jìng)賽開頭他才來; 35. sb. pays money for sth. 某人花錢買某物 此句型主語是人;例如: I ve already paid 2,000 yuan for the motor bike. 我已經(jīng)花了 2022 元買這輛摩托車; 36. spend time/money on sth./indoing sth.花費(fèi) 時(shí)間,錢 在某事上 /做某事 其中 in 可以省略,通常主語為 “人 ”;例如: I spent five yuan this book. 我在這本書上花了五元錢; I spent two hours in doing my homework yes
23、terday. 昨晚我花了兩個(gè)小時(shí)做作業(yè); 37. so that 太 以至于 用于復(fù)合句, that 引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句; so 是副詞 ,后面應(yīng)接形容詞或副詞, 假如接名詞,應(yīng)用 such; 例如: The ice is so thin you can t walk on it. 冰太薄了,你不能在上面走; He is a kind man that we all like him. 他是一個(gè)特殊好的人,我們都很寵愛他; 38. stop to do sth., stop doing sth. stop to do sth. 意為 “停下來去做另一件事 ”,stop doing sth.
24、意為 “停止正在做的事 ” 例如: You re too tired. You d better stop a rest. 你們太累了,最好停下來休息一會(huì)兒; The teacher is coming. Let s stop_老_師 來 _了,咱們別說話了; 39. Thank you for doing sth. 感謝你做了 for 之后除了加動(dòng)名詞 doing 外,仍可以加名詞;例如: Thank you for giving me the present. 感謝你給我的禮物; Thank you for your help. =Thank you for me. 感謝你的幫忙; 40.
25、 thanks to 多虧 ,由于 thanks 后的 s 不能省略, to 是介詞;例 如: Thanks to my friend Jim, I ve worked out this problem. 多虧了我伴侶吉姆的幫忙,我已經(jīng)解決了這個(gè)問題; 41. There be 句型 在此結(jié)構(gòu)中,there 是引導(dǎo)詞,在句中不能充當(dāng)任何成分, 也不必翻譯出來; 句 7第 7 頁,共 10 頁中的主語是某人或某物,謂語動(dòng)詞 be 要與主語的數(shù)保持一樣;例如: There is a man at the door. 門口有一個(gè)人; 當(dāng)主語是由兩個(gè)或者兩者以上的名詞充當(dāng)時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞 詞的數(shù)一樣 就近
26、一樣 ;例如: There are two dogs and a cat under the table. 桌下有兩只狗和一只貓; 比較: There is a cat and two dogs under the table. be 要跟它鄰近的那個(gè)名 Therebe 句型中的 be 不能用 have 來代替,但可以用 lie 位于,躺 ,stand矗 立,exist生存 ,live 生活 等詞來替換;例如: There stand a lot of tall buildings on both sides of the street. 街道兩旁高聳著許多高樓; There lies lak
27、e in front of our school. 我們學(xué)校前面有一個(gè)湖; Once there lived a king here. 這兒曾經(jīng)有一個(gè)國王; There is going to be a sports meeting next week. 下周預(yù)備開一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì); 42. The + adj.比較級(jí) , the + adj.比較級(jí) 越 ,越 此句型表示一方隨另一方的變化而變化;例如: The he works, the he feels. 他工作越努力,就感到越幸福; The more, the better. 多多益善; 43. too+adj./adv. +to do sth
28、. 太 以至于不能 . 此句型為簡(jiǎn)潔句,后面的 to 表示否定含義;例如: The ice is too thin you to walk on. 這冰太薄,你不能在上面走; The bag is too heavy to carry.這個(gè)袋子太重搬不動(dòng); 44. used to do sth. 過去經(jīng)常做某事 used to 是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表示過去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),現(xiàn)在已不存在,因此只用于 過去時(shí)態(tài);例如 : He used to get up early. 他過去總早起; very often. When I was yong, I used to 我年輕經(jīng)經(jīng)常打網(wǎng)球; 否定形式有兩種: d
29、idnt use to;used not 例to如 , : 8第 8 頁,共 10 頁He didn t use to come. = He usedn t to come. 他過去不常來; 45. what about .怎么樣 . 后面可接名詞,代詞,動(dòng)名詞等;與 “how about We have been to Hainan. What about you. 我們?nèi)ミ^海南,你呢 . What about going to the park on Sunday. 星期天去公園怎么樣 . .同”義;例如: 46. What day/date is it today. 今日星期幾 幾月幾日 . What day is it today. Sunday. What date is it today. June 24th. 47. What s wrong the matter with 怎么.了 . W
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