高中英語教案必修4unit1問題拓展03

1、人教版 Module4 Unit 1 Women of achievement 問題拓展評(píng)判單課題： Grammar 主謂一樣 Subject-Verb Agreement 在英語句子里,謂語受主語支配,其動(dòng)詞必需和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一樣,這就叫主謂|精. |品. |可. |編. |輯. |學(xué). |習(xí). |資. |料. * | * | * | * | |歡. |迎. |下. |載. 一樣；尋其規(guī)律,大致可歸納為三個(gè)原就,即語法一樣、規(guī)律意義一樣和就近一樣原就；一、語法一樣原就：主語的人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)打算了謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)1. and 連結(jié)的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞,短語或句子做主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；例

2、句 : My mother and I have seen the film. What he said and what he did were always different. Rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. Note :1 由 and 連接的主語前后分別有each, every, no, many a+n單,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；2 and連接的在意義上表示同一人或物或由兩個(gè)部件配成的物品時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；常見的由 and 連接的指一個(gè)概念的有：needle and thread, salt and water, fo

3、lk and knife, soap and water, iron and steel, bread and butter, a cart and horse等；2. each,every, one, either, a little, much, no等詞做主語或修飾主語時(shí)； 不定代詞 somebody,nobody,everything,anything, no one, each, the other等做主語時(shí),謂語 動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)； Eg: Somebody is waiting for you at the school gate. Note : neither 和 none 可當(dāng)作單

4、數(shù),也可當(dāng)作復(fù)數(shù),主要依據(jù)說話人的意思打算；但是代表不行 數(shù)名詞時(shí),只作單數(shù)； Ex: Neither of us has/have been abroad. Note : each作同位語時(shí),謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式；3. “ many a 很多 / more than one（不止一個(gè)） + 單數(shù)名詞 ”做主語時(shí)； “ one and a half + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 ”做主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)；4. 當(dāng)主語與謂語動(dòng)詞之間插入along with,with,as well as,together with,like, no less than,rather than, over, besides,ex

5、cept,but,including, in addition to 等短語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞不受這些插入語的 干擾,依舊和主語保持一樣；舍近求遠(yuǎn)原就 5. 成雙成對(duì)顯現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞 glasses,scissors剪刀,shoes,trousers,pants褲子 ,gloves,stockings, scales天平, chopsticks 等做主語時(shí),通常謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；Your glasses are on your nose. 但如果前面有 a /the pair of；a /the suit of; a series of等詞語修飾時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)；6. 以“-s”結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞 ma

6、thematics,physics,politics; news, works 工廠 ,書名（如 The Arabian Nights 天方夜譚）、劇名 , 國(guó)名,嬉戲,運(yùn)動(dòng)等名詞做主語,謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)；二、就近原就 : 謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要與它最鄰近的名詞或代詞保持一樣；第 1 頁,共 3 頁1. 由并列結(jié)構(gòu)或連詞 （either or, neither nor,not but, not only but also, whether or, or 等）連接的并列主語,謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近的那個(gè)名詞或代詞保持一樣；2. 在倒裝句和 there be句型中,謂語動(dòng)詞與后面的第一個(gè)主語保持一樣；3.

7、 在定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞做主語,其謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與它所指代的先行詞保持一樣；在“ one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+ who / that / which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)中,從句謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；但當(dāng)one之前有 the only,the first 等詞表示特指時(shí),從句謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；4. 在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中,連接代詞又在句中做主語,這時(shí)它應(yīng)與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語保持一樣；三、 意義一樣原就 ：不論主語的形式是單數(shù)仍是復(fù)數(shù),其意義打算了謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)；|精. |品. |可. |編. |輯. |學(xué). |習(xí). |資. |料. * | * | * | * | |歡. |迎. |下. |載. 1. 英語中有一類單、復(fù)數(shù)同

8、形的詞（means方法 , 手段,species種類 ,series系列 , sheep,deer,fish等）,其單、復(fù)數(shù) 取決于它在句中的含義 ；2. 由“ what”引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句做主語時(shí),其后的謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式；What I want to say is just “ Take care.”但是： what 引導(dǎo)的并列結(jié)構(gòu)做主語時(shí)要依據(jù)意義一樣原就打算謂動(dòng)的數(shù)；Eg: What he says and does do not agree. /What he says and does does not concern me. what 引導(dǎo)的主謂補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中,假如補(bǔ)語為復(fù)數(shù),謂動(dòng)也

9、用復(fù)數(shù)；3. 表示不定數(shù)量的詞 all, none, any, some, the rest, most, half等做主語時(shí) , 應(yīng)依據(jù)詳細(xì)表達(dá)的意思來打算其后的謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)；Eg: All I know about this company is what he told me yesterday. 4. “分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù) + of + 名詞 ”及 a lot of, lots of, plenty of, part of+ 名詞構(gòu)成的短語做主語時(shí) , 其謂 語動(dòng)詞與短語 of 后面的名詞保持一樣；Note ：a number of很多 ,作定語修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞,謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；number,謂

10、語用單數(shù)；the number of.的數(shù)量 ,主語是Note ：A large quantity of food was on the table./ A large quantity of nuts were on the table. 但是 largequantities of 修飾可數(shù)或不行數(shù)名詞做主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù),例 如： Quantities of foodnuts were on the table. Note ：a great deal of , a large amount of 修飾不行數(shù)名詞做主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)；large amounts of修飾不行數(shù)

11、名詞做主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)；Note ：短語 this kind of men=men of this kind=these kinds of men 口語這一類人 ；但 this kind of men 的謂語用單數(shù)； men of this kind 和 these kinds of men 的謂語用復(fù)數(shù)； all kinds of 后跟 復(fù)數(shù)名詞,謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式；5. 英語的集體名詞（ committee, crowd, family, public, group, party, team, class, club, company, union, army, audience,

12、band, staff, enemy, government 等詞）,指代“整體 ”時(shí)為單數(shù)；指代 “其中的各成員 ”就為復(fù)數(shù)；Note : 表示 總稱的名詞 police, people, youth, cattle（牛） , folks= people,poultry（家禽）等做第 2 頁,共 3 頁主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；Note :只表示 單數(shù)意義 的集合名詞： clothing, poetry詩(shī)歌 , baggage/luggage（行李） , furniture, machinery（機(jī)械） , scenery, jewellery, equipment etc. 6. “ t

13、he+形容詞 或分詞 ”表示“一類人 ”做主語時(shí) ,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù) ;假如這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)表示抽象概念 （或 具 體的某個(gè)人 ）,謂語用單數(shù)形式；四、 整體原就 : 主語從句,不定式短語,動(dòng)名詞短語,以及表示時(shí)間,金錢,距離,重量等概念 的詞做主語時(shí),視為整體看待,謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式；1. 表示時(shí)間、金錢、距離、體積、重量、面積、數(shù)字等詞語做主語時(shí),其意義如是指|精. |品. |可. |編. |輯. |學(xué). |習(xí). |資. |料. * | * | * | * | |歡. |迎. |下. |載. 量應(yīng)看作單數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；2. 動(dòng)詞不定式,動(dòng)名詞或從句做主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)；3. 如英語是書名、片