北京市海淀區(qū)2022年中考一模英語(yǔ)試題（含答案與解析）

1、2022年北京市海淀區(qū)中考一模試題英語(yǔ)試卷1.本試卷共8頁(yè)，共兩部分,39道題，滿分60分?？荚嚂r(shí)間90分鐘。考2.在試卷和答題卡上準(zhǔn)確填寫學(xué)校名稱、姓名和準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)。生3.試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上,在試卷上作答無效。須4.在答題卡上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答,其他試題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答。知5.考試結(jié)束,請(qǐng)將本試卷、答題卡和草稿紙一并交回。第一部分本部分共33題，共40分。在每題列出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最符合題目要求的一項(xiàng)。一、單項(xiàng)填空（每題0.5分，共6分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1. My brother is very friendly.

2、gets along well with others.A. HeB. SheC. ID. You2. Wu Dajing, a gold medalist, started to practice speed skating the age of ten.A. onB. inC. forD. at3. :do you play basketball with your classmates, David?Twice a week.A. How oftenB. How longC. How soon4. Our parents help and support us a lot,we shou

3、ld be thankful to them.D. How farA. butB. orC.soD. because5. -；you lend me your dictionary, Laura?Sorry, I cant. I have just lent it to Eric.A. CouldB. ShouldC. MustD. Need6. We should keep in mind that nothing is than safety.A. importantB. more importantC. most importantD. the most important7. Nick

4、, take out the trash, please.Wait a minute, Mom. I an e-mail to Mr. Smith now.A writeB. am writingC. wroteD. will write8. The supermarket at 8:30 a.m. and closes at 8:30 p.m. every day.A. is openingB. openedC. opensD. will openAll of us great progress since we started junior high school.A. makeB. ma

5、deC. have madeD. will makeThe kids an online lesson when their parents arrived home yesterday.A. tookB. takeC. are takingD. were takingA new hospital in the village by the government last year.A. buildsB. builtC. is builtD. was builtTom, do you know?一Next Friday.B. when we will hold the sports meeti

6、ngD. when we held the sports meetingB. when we will hold the sports meetingD. when we held the sports meetingC. when did we hold the sports meeting二、完形填空（每題1分，共8分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選 項(xiàng)。It was January 2021. My second term in high school had just ended. Two weeks earlier, my pa

7、rents checked my grades and 13 more than 20 missing tasks.Bright and able as I was, I had often struggled （掙扎）with 14 and procrastination （拖延）, especially with writing tasks. But this time was different, and the pandemic （疫 11青） was to blame. I was doing my first year partly from home where I did my

8、 schoolwork on my own time, and, fbr the most part, without teacher guidance.The 15 was too much. I could do a million other things rather than my homework. I told my mom what I was missing from my teachers and classmates, t4Whcn a teacher walks around the classroom, you want to be on task, and you

9、dont want to fall behind the other students/*My parents tried to help, but their 16 fell far short of their expectations. Tired from working long days, they criticized rather than advised. Late-night learning hours ended in 17 matches. All three of us were upset and stressed out.We knew we couldnt s

10、olve this alone. So when my mom heard that Steve Merrill, an experienced teacher, could help, she 18 out.Mr. Merrill told me that his students also had problems in the same areas: task organization and time management. He taught me to break down big tasks into small ones. We met twice a week, over v

11、ideo, where we could look over my tasks and put the skill into practice. After a few months, I started to see positive results. Mygrades were improving. My work habits were becoming more regula匚 There were 19 late-night learning hours and fights.The other evening 1 came downstairs to ask my parents

12、fbr help with a writing task. There was something different. I had 20 most of it two days before the deadline! While I dont expect this school year to be easy, I now have some of the tools I need to help me through it.13. A. countedB. finishedC.changedD. gave14. A. discussionB. expressionC. competit

13、ionD. organization15. A. knowledgeB. stressC. freedomD. advice16. A. rulesB. effortsC. habitsD. experiences17. A. searchingB. readingC. jokingD. shouting18. A. reachedB. helpedC. workedD. dropped19. A. betterB. fewerC. strongerD. busier20. A. sharedB. forgottenC. completedD. mistaken三、閱讀理解（每題2分，共26分

14、）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。AYou change into your pajamas, turn off the lights, and get yourself ready to sleep. How do you prefer to sleep, on the back or on your side? Here arc some interesting sleeping positions.StarfishStarfish is when you lie on your back and sleep with yourarms

15、 lifted up near your head. According to studies, only 5% ofpeople sleep like this. It often causes lower back pain. You canplace a pillow （枕頭）under your knees if you have lowerback pain. You will feel more comfortable this way.Soldier PositionThis sleeping position is kind of strange, but verycommon

16、. It when you sleep on your back with your armsdown and very close to your body. Studies have shown thatpeople who sleep like this may be quieter. It is actually a goodMWsleeping position, as it helps keep your spine （脊柱）in astraight line.12sSleeping on Your BellyDo you like to sleep on your belly,

17、but experience problems oftentimes? The position might not help you. It can make your neck uncomfortable. But if this is how you like to sleep, you might consider using a very soft cooling pillow to keep your neck comfortable.14FreefallIf this sleeping position is not familiar to you, you should kno

18、w that at least 7% of the worlds population sleep that way. In this position, you have your hands on or around your pillow, with your head turned to one side. But it may create a twist （扭 傷）in the neck. Some studies suggest that generally youre a social person if you like to sleep in this position.W

19、hich sleeping position often causes lower back pain?A. Starfish.B. Soldier Position. C. Sleeping on Your Belly. D. Freefall.Sleeping in the soldier position helps.A. you fall asleep quicklyB. keep your spine in a straight lineC. you breathe easilyD. treat the pain in your neckIf Tom likes to sleep i

20、n the freefall position, he might be.A. socialB. quietC. honestD. carefulBJeremiahs MistakegarlicJeremiah hurried into the kitchen and washed his hands. He had exactly one hour until his father got home. He wasnt used to starting dinner this early. On his nights to cook, Jeremiah generally got dinne

21、r ready in fifteen minutes. But Dad always praised Jeremiahs meals, no matter how simple they were. Delicious!” he would say.But Jeremiah knew Dad liked more complicated （復(fù)雜的）dishes, because on Dads nights to cook, he used a ton of ingredients. Dad was a natural cook. Not Jeremiah-at least, not unti

22、l tonight.It was Dads birthday, and for once in his life, Jeremiah was cooking something complicated: spaghetti with homemade sauce （醬）.Hed eaten it a million times, so he knew most of the ingredients. tTomatoes, onions, garlic, beef/ he thought, looking through the fridge. They had everything excep

23、t the beef. No problem-theyd go vegetarian tonight.limeJeremiah cut up the vegetables with Dads special knife and put them into the pot. Then he turned to Dads spice（香料）collection. He picked a few familiar ones and put them in. The pleasing smell of fresh tomatoes amazed him. He tasted it just as Da

24、d usually did. It was terrible! Way too spicy. Aha! A lime would cool things down. He added in as much lime juice as he could. One more taste. Ugh. It was awful! Now the sauce was sour and spicy.He left the kitchen and went into his room. He could at least order pizza, so Dad wouldnt have to stay hu

25、ngry on his own birthday. As he counted his money, he heard the front door open.“Hi, Jeremiah!, Dad called.“Coming.”Jeremiah returned to the kitchen, where he found Dad digging through the food cupboard. t4Fm buying pizza,M Jeremiah said. Its not much of a birthday dinner.”Dad turned holding a bag o

26、f chips and a bowl of Jeremiahs spaghetti sauce. We dont need pizza!” Dadsmiled. 4tThis delicious salsa（薩爾薩辣醬）is a meal in itself!”Why did Jeremiah decide to cook something complicated?A. Because it was his dads birthday.B. Because his dad told him to do so.C. Because he arrived home early.D. Becaus

27、e he was a natural cook.Jeremiah thought the sauce he made was.A. neither sour nor spicy enoughB. different from what he had expectedC. simple but healthyD. as delicious as he had imaginedWhat can we learn about Jeremiahs father?A. He takes his job seriously.B. He is creative and strict.C. He expect

28、s his son to be skillful.D. He is loving and encouraging.CWhy Do Top Athletes Choke Under Pressure?Low Arousal HighAccording to classic economic theory, the higher the reward, the better the expected performance. As a result, we could expect the best performance at the most important moments. But wh

29、y do we so often see the most talented and experienced athletes perfbnn much worse than expected in important competitions like the Olympics?Why the Drop in Performance?It is not necessarily true that theres a direct relationship between incentives （激勵(lì)）and achievement. Research has shown that increa

30、sed motivation （動(dòng)機(jī)）beyond a certain level harms an athletes performance. We call this phenomenon “choking under pressure”. Greater incentives may lead to higher levels of arousal （興奮）.The relationship between performance and arousal looks like an inverted U shape （倒 U 形），meaning that performance is

31、the best at certain levels of arousal and drops with over-arousal.The desire to perform as well as possible is thought to create performance pressure. Many studies have shown increased pressure has a bad effect on athletes, perfbnnance in skill-based games. When people overthink or consciously monit

32、or each step, the drop in performance happens.2Beyond the pressure coming from the important competitions, another thing that may add pressure is the level of expectations. An experiment suggested high audience expectations harm performance in a skill-based task. For example, one of the most famous

33、biathletes in history, Martin Fourcade, said it was very emotional for him to compete in his home country and also much harder than competing abroad because of greater expectations.We tested this home disadvantage by using data from biathlon （冬季兩項(xiàng)）competitions over 17 years. Wc have found the most t

34、itled athletes miss a lot more shots when competing in their home country compared to when they compete abroad. The most reasonable explanation likely relates to the level of expectations from the homeland.How to Deal with It?There arc several ways to reduce stress, such as a countdown or taking a d

35、eep breath before the task. But the base fbr any solution is to realize that stress affects performance. Choking under pressure can happen to the best athletes and its not a shame to admit it. The more athletes know about the effect pressure can have on them, the more likely they are to succeed at t

36、he highest level.What can wc learn from “choking under pressure”?The higher the reward, the better the expected performance.Better achievement in games results from a drop in pressure.Arousal beyond a certain level harms an athletes performance.Athletes, performance in games has something to do with

37、 their training.Which of the following would be the best heading fbr Paragraph 4 and 5?Pressure as a Key to Improving Performance.Pressure as a Push fbr Becoming Top-level Athletes.High Expectations as a Cause of Choking Under Pressure.High Expectations as an Incentive to Compete in the Home Country

38、.To deal with pressure, the athletes should first.avoid the possible feelings of pressureshare their worries with friends and coachestry their best to succeed at the highest levelrecognize the effect of stress on performanceDNowadays, the online world is nearly as important as the real one. It is no

39、t uncommon to see the whole Internet bands together to “cancel“ someone after they make a mistake, which is called Cancel Culture. It can result in a person, if famous, losing fans and having to face attacks online. Even a normal person faces risks of losing their jobs or personal relationships. Whi

40、le stepping foot on any social media platform, everyone including young children can fall victim to it.Cancel Culture is a lose-lose situation. The person being canceled has to stand the negative effects of the Internet, and the people doing the canceling are contributing to （促成）the mindset that its

41、 okay to do this to people they dont know. Young kids may not understand or contribute completely to Cancel Culture, but by simply being on the Internet, they can see it firsthand, affecting their real lives. A New York Metro Parents article describes one girl who was canceled in school the same way

42、 people are canceled on the Internet, and her friends wouldnt even talk to or look at her.Dr. Pam Rultlcdge, a media psychologist, explains in her blog post that Cancel Culture discourages kids from expressing their opinions and standing up fbr others. Ifs always an “us against them“ mindset; anyone

43、 agreeing with the person being canceled is at risk of being left out online too.So again I ask, what is this teaching our kids? That they arent allowed to make mistakes? That they have to be perfect? Thi ma、be the current narrative but it shouldnt be. Everyone messes up at some point, especially yo

44、ung children. They shouldnt be publicly punished fbr it and not given the chance to change peoples minds. Forgiveness is an important skill kids need to learn, and Cancel Culture is encouraging the opposite.One small mistake doesnt make someone a bad person, but Cancel Culture makes them feel as if

45、they are. Cancel Culture doesnt have to exist. We make it exist. And just as easily, we can make it disappear by contributing to an online world full of praise and love.The underlined words fall victim to in Paragraph 1 probably mean ”A. be attracted toB. get used toC. be shocked byD. get hurt byWhy

46、 does the writer mention the New York Metro Parents article in Paragraph 2?To explain why Cancel Culture does harm to childrens friendships.To stress the importance of close relationships with friends for students.To show how Cancel Culture has exercised influence on kids real lives.To suggest possi

47、ble ways of changing the habit of overusing the Internet.In Cancel Culture, a person who makes mistakes will be.A. comforted with great patienceB. left out and publicly punishedC. taught how to correct the mistakesD. blocked from using the Internet againBy saying “This may be the current narrative,

48、but it shouldnt be in Paragraph 4,the writer wants to express that Cancel Culture.A. is easy to changeB. has a two-sided natureC. is supposed to be canceledD. stops mistakes from being repeated第二部分本部分共6題，共20分。根據(jù)題目要求，完成相應(yīng)任務(wù)。四、閱讀表達(dá)（每題2分，共10分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題Eradajere Oleita has a tradition on her birth

49、day of finding some way to give back. So as her 25th birthday was around the comer in 2020, she started looking fbr her next project. She found it when she came across a video on the Internet about how to iron foil-lined （鋁箔內(nèi)襯的）chip bags into sleeping bags. Oleita said the video gave her the idea of

50、 the Chip Bag Project.“This is a project that allows me to really bring two of my passions together, people and the environment, Oleita said. Wc throw so much stuff away and never really think about where thats ending”.“It takes about four hours to sew （縫）a sleeping bag. Each takes around 150 to 300

51、 chip bags, depending on whether they re single-serve or family size,“ Oleita told The Detroit News. Our sleeping bags are better than the cotton ones. They are waterproof lightweight, and easy to carry around.”O(jiān)nce each sleeping bag is complete ifs packed with other donated winter necessities such

52、as socks, gloves and hats to be given away to homeless people.Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected over 800,000 chip bags and, as of last December, created 110 sleeping bags.“Every time we get a chip bag were taking something-something thats not going into our water,Oleita sai

53、d. And when we give somebody a bag, were giving warmth, and were helping a human life.The Chip Bag Project is just the latest environmental project fbr Oleita. She has also worked with the Youth Energy Squad, a program that teaches students about environmental sustainability （可持續(xù)性）.One of her first

54、large projects was creating a 6-foot-tall Minion character out of recycled plastic bottles.Before, I felt like environmental things were not topics fbr people like me, Oleita said. But now I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world by training people not to be careless with

55、their things, and meanwhile, helping people in need.,What gave Oleita the idea of the Chip Bag Project?How long does it take to make a sleeping bag out of chip bags?Why are the sleeping bags better than the cotton ones according to Oleita?What is the Minion character created by Olcita made of?Why is

56、 Oleitas Chip Bag Project meaningful?五、文段表達(dá)（10分）從下面兩個(gè)題目中任造7鸚根據(jù)中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50詞的文段寫作。文中已給出內(nèi)容不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。所給提示詞語(yǔ)僅供選用。請(qǐng)不要寫出你的校名和姓名。.假如你是李華，你們學(xué)校英語(yǔ)角留言板本月的主題為“致我最想感謝的人”，請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫一則留言，談?wù)勀阕钕敫兄x誰(shuí)，以及你感謝他/她的理由。提示詞語(yǔ)：support, encourage, advice, helpful, patience提示問題:Who do you want to thank?Why do you want to thank him/

57、her?This is a thank-you note to. “凡事預(yù)則立，不預(yù)則廢。”某英文網(wǎng)站正在開展主題為“做一個(gè)有準(zhǔn)備的人”的征文活動(dòng)。假如你是李華，請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文 投稿，談?wù)勈鞘裁唇?jīng)歷讓你意識(shí)到準(zhǔn)備的重要性，以及你從中獲得的益處。提示詞語(yǔ)：competition worried, improve, confidence, proud 提示問題： What experience taught you the importance of preparation?Please describe it.What benefits have you got from the exper

58、ience?Being prepared is important.參考答案一、單項(xiàng)填空（每題0.5分，共6分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。My brother is very friendly.gets along well with others.A. HeB. SheC. ID. You【1題答案】【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：我的哥哥很友好。他和他人相處得好?？疾榇~。He他；She她；I我；You你。根據(jù)“gets along well with”可知，主語(yǔ)應(yīng)為第三人稱單數(shù)。再根 據(jù)前文可知，此處應(yīng)用he代替my brother故選A。W

59、u Dajing, a gold medalist, started to practice speed skating the age of ten.A. onB. inC. forD. at【2題答案】【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：金牌得主武大靖十歲時(shí)開始練習(xí)速度滑冰。考查介詞。on在上：in在里：fbr為了； at在（某處上根據(jù)the age。可知，此處考查介詞短語(yǔ) at the age o廣在歲時(shí)故選D。:do you play basketball with your classmates, David?Twice a week.A. How oftenB. How longC.

60、How soonD. How far【3題答案】【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：你多久和你的同學(xué)打一次籃球，大衛(wèi)？ 一周兩次。考查特殊疑問詞。How often多久一次；How long多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間；How soon多久以后；How far多遠(yuǎn)。根據(jù)答 語(yǔ)“Twice a week.”可知，是表示頻率，應(yīng)用How often來提問。故選A。Our parents help and support us a lot we should be thankful to them.A. butB. orC. soD. because【4題答案】【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：我們的父母幫助和支持我們很多，