高中起步：英語(yǔ)的五種基本句型課件

1、英語(yǔ)的五種基本句型五種基本句型（簡(jiǎn)單句）句型一：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)特點(diǎn)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-不及物動(dòng)詞 vi. 常接狀語(yǔ)-說明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式等例句：They shouted loudly. He is staying at home. He died in 2007. a tall boy, a big desk, a woman with glasses 五種基本句型（簡(jiǎn)單句）句型二：主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)特點(diǎn)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-系動(dòng)詞 linking verb 表語(yǔ)-說明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)特征，通常是名詞和形容詞。常見的系動(dòng)詞：be動(dòng)詞、look、sound、smell、taste、feel、seem、become、turn

2、等五種基本句型（簡(jiǎn)單句）句型三：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)特點(diǎn)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-及物動(dòng)詞 vt. 賓語(yǔ)-動(dòng)作的承受者 object注意：同一動(dòng)詞及物/不及物，意思不同。例句：These children are playing football. These children are playing. 五種基本句型（簡(jiǎn)單句）句型四：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)特點(diǎn)： 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-雙賓動(dòng)詞 間接賓語(yǔ)-動(dòng)作的接受者，常為“人” 直接賓語(yǔ)-動(dòng)作的承受者，常為“物 ”常見的雙賓動(dòng)詞：give、bring、send、show、get、leave、tell、pay、pass、offer、lend等五種基本句型（簡(jiǎn)單句）注

3、意區(qū)分：“主系表”和“主謂狀”兩種句型He shouted loudly.He seems friendly.“主謂雙賓”和“主謂賓補(bǔ)”兩種句型I made John our chairman.I made John a cake.從簡(jiǎn)單句到并列句當(dāng)一個(gè)句子只包含一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)稱為簡(jiǎn)單句。簡(jiǎn)單句大體上可以分為以上5種。由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)獨(dú)立的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)或簡(jiǎn)單句并列在一起時(shí)稱為并列句。這些獨(dú)立句意義相關(guān)，可由“；”或并列連詞連接。常見的并列連詞：and、but、for、or、so、yet、nor、not onlybut also、eitheror、neithernor從簡(jiǎn)單句到復(fù)合句主語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)從句 三賓

4、語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)從句 名詞從句 大表語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ)從句 類 同位語(yǔ) 同位語(yǔ)從句 基 本定語(yǔ) 定語(yǔ)從句 從狀語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ)從句 句句子充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)句子充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)句子充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)句子充當(dāng)同位語(yǔ)句子充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)句子充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)總 結(jié) 英文中各種復(fù)雜的難句都是由以上5種簡(jiǎn)單句通過擴(kuò)展、組合、省略、倒裝等各種形式變化而來的。思維訓(xùn)練劃出下列句子的主語(yǔ)部分和謂語(yǔ)部分。1. Studying English takes time.2. The first step is always the hardest.3. Chatting on the Internet brings me a lot of fun.4. A friend in nee

5、d is a friend indeed.5. A poor man is not necessarily unhappy.6. A good knowledge of grammar is important to good writing.7. Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass (羅盤).8. Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.9. The early bird catches the worm (蟲子).10. The

6、 novel won the author a Nobel Prize.9.They elected George W. Bush US President. 主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)10.The novel won the author a Nobel Prize. 主+謂+間賓+直賓That will save you a lot of time. 主+謂+間賓+直賓12.They found the dead boy. 主+謂+賓They found the boy dead. 主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)14.I found the book easily. 主+謂+賓15.I found the boo

7、k easy. 主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)Tom found Jim an apartment. 主+謂+間賓+直賓 We found John a loyal friend. 主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)I will find you a good teacher. 主+謂+間賓+直賓I find you a good teacher. 主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)She will make him a good husband. 主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)I will make him a big birthday cake. 主+謂+間賓+直賓二翻譯下列短文，并分析每個(gè)句子的類型。A sentence normally has a

8、 subject (主語(yǔ)) and a predicate (謂語(yǔ)). 主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)The subject identifies a person, place or thing. 主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)The predicate tells what the subject does or is. 主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)The predicate always includes a verb, and a verb is one of three typeslinking, 主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ) 系 表語(yǔ)intransitive, or transitive verbs. The most widely used linking verb is a form of be, such as 主語(yǔ) 系 表語(yǔ)am, is, are, was, or were. Other linking verbs include: seem,