英語答題技巧-翻譯

1、英語考試： HOW ARE YOU？這么翻譯？答案怎么是你？ HOW OLD ARE YOU？怎么翻譯？答案怎么老是你？ 1我有幸聽過一段精彩的同聲傳譯中文：婚前，她身材玲瓏浮凸。英語翻譯：she looked like a bottle of Cocacola before marriage.中文：婚后，她變得像個水桶。英語翻譯：after marriage she looked like a can of Cocacola.2解題要點一、首先要明確考點每道漢譯英題都有其考查重點，下筆翻譯前要通讀整個句子，思索該句子的考查重點，明確出題人的意圖之后再有針對性地進行翻譯，這樣才能寫出準確地道的

2、譯文?！纠?】 It was essential that _ (我們在月底前簽訂合同).3解題要點二、理清句子結(jié)構(gòu)再下筆在下筆翻譯前考生要判斷該句是簡單句還是復雜句，分清句子的主干和修飾成分，然后根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)需要給出正確的譯文?！纠?】 Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life _ (是用他們能夠借到多少來衡量的), not how much they can earn.4解題要點三、不要受漢語語序影響英語和漢語在語序的安排上存在很大差別，考生平時要注意培養(yǎng)英語的邏輯思維，漢譯英時不要一味地按照漢語的順序生搬硬套，要根據(jù)英語

3、的語言習慣正確安排語序。【例3】 Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _ (如果你方便的話).5解題要點四、用詞要簡潔準確 漢譯英時用詞要簡潔，譯文以表達清楚為宗旨，譯文中多余的詞不但不能增強語言的表現(xiàn)力，反而使語言顯得累贅，使表達顯得不夠清晰，因此漢譯英時要盡量避免重復羅嗦。除了要簡潔以外，還要能夠準確貼切地表達出所給漢語的意思。考生在翻譯某個漢語詞匯時，往往會在腦子中浮現(xiàn)出不止一個英文單詞，這就要求考生結(jié)合語境選擇出最能夠準確貼切地表達出此處漢語意思的詞匯。【例4】Human behavior is mostly a product of le

4、arning _ (然而，動物的行為主要依靠本能).6解題要點五、結(jié)合全句進行核查翻譯完成后，要通讀全句，進行全面核查，這是不可缺少的一個重要環(huán)節(jié)。在核查時應重點關注以下幾項內(nèi)容：標點符號、大小寫、單復數(shù)使用是否正確；譯文與漢語是否完全對應，是否有多譯或漏譯單詞的情況；譯文時態(tài)與已給出的英文部分的時態(tài)是否一致、與所給漢語時態(tài)是否一致；譯文與已給出的英文部分連在一起是否通順、是否符合英語表達習慣。7解題要點六、注意合理分配時間由于漢譯英只有10分鐘的時間，所以要合理分配各題時間，切忌在某一題上花費太長的時間，以致最后耽誤了其他幾道題的翻譯，或是最后由于時間緊張而出現(xiàn)單詞拼寫、單復數(shù)、大小寫、標點

5、等方面的失誤。平時訓練時，要注意控制時間，培養(yǎng)良好的翻譯習慣。8分類練習:從句 （主要為定語從句、主語從句、狀語從句） 1. Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems_ （他們至今還沒有答案）. 2.（大多數(shù)父母所關心的）_is providing the best education possible for their children.3. The anti-virus agent was not known _（直到一名醫(yī)生偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了它）. 4. Youd better take a swe

6、ater with you _（以防天氣變冷）. 9分類練習:從句 （主要為定語從句、主語從句、狀語從句）5. Leaving ones job, _ _(不管是什么工作), is a difficult change even for those who look forward to retiring.6.The prevention and treatment of AIDS is _ (我們可以合作的領域). 7. Some psychologists claim that people_. (出門在外時可能會感到孤獨)8.Your resume should attract a wo

7、uld-be bosss attention by demonstrating _ (為什么你是某個職位的最佳人選)10狀語從句（adverbial clauses）：重要考點。1) 目的狀語 (adverbial clauses of purpose)：一道。88. In order to make money to support my schooling, Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.（2006. 6） 112) 讓步狀語 (adverbial clauses of concession)：一道。91. Tho

8、ugh a skilled worker, he was fired by the company (他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis.（2006. 6）3) 時間狀語 (adverbial clauses of time)：一道。90. Some psychologists claim that people may feel lonely when theyre away from home. （出門在外時可能會感到孤獨）(2006. 12 )124) 條件狀語 (adverbial clauses of condition

9、)：一道。91. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning if its convenient for you. (如果你方便的話) (2007. 6.) 135) 比較狀語 (結(jié)構(gòu)) (adverbial clauses of comparison or comparative constructions )：兩道88. Since my childhood I have found that to me, nothing is more interesting than reading. (沒有什么比讀書對我更有吸引力) （2006. 12） 14分

10、類練習：虛擬語氣1.The professor required that _(我們交研究報告) by Wednesday . 2. It was essential that _ (我們在月底前簽訂合同). 3. The victim _ (本來會有機會活下來) if he had been taken to hospital in time. 15分類練習：虛擬語氣4. But for mobile phones, _(我們的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便).5. Mary couldnt have received my letter,_(否則她上周就該回信了). Or she would

11、have answered it.6. If you _(聽從了我的忠告， 你就不會陷入麻煩).16More Exercise(語法)虛擬語氣1. Why didnt you tell me you could lend me the money? I _( 本來不必從銀行借錢的)2. By the time you get to New York, I _( 已經(jīng)動身去) London。3. Its time _（采取措施） about the traffic problem downtown. 4. It is essential that _ (把程序輸進計算機)。neednt have

12、 borrowed it form the bankshall have left forsomething was done / some measures were taken the program be loaded into computer.17More Exercise(語法)5. He insisted that the seats _ (事先預定).6. If we hadnt made adequate preparations, _(會議是不會開得這么成功的).7. _( 正是由于她太沒有經(jīng)驗) that she does not know how to deal wit

13、h the situation. (強調(diào)句型) 8. The room is in a terrible mess; it_ ( 肯定沒打掃過)。(情態(tài)動詞)be booked in advancedthe conference wouldnt have been so successfulIt is because she is too inexperiencedcant have been cleaned18More Exercise(語法) 12. His salary is _.(是我的兩倍) 倍數(shù)13. _, (他雖有耐性) he was unwilling to wait thre

14、e hours. 狀語從句14. Sound is a tool _(人們通過它互相交流). 定語從句15._(樣樣精通), is to know nothing. 不定式two times/twice as much as minePatient as he wasby means of which people communicate with each otherTo know everything19分類練習:倒裝1. Not only _ (他向我收費過高), but he didnt do a good repair job either.2. _ (直到他完成使命) that h

15、e realized he was seriously ill.3. The witness was told that under no circumstances _(他都不應該對法庭說謊).20分類練習:倒裝4. Never once_ (老兩口相互爭吵)since they were married 40 years ago.5. Only in the small town _(他才感到安全和放松).21分類練習:非謂語動詞1.(為了掙錢供我上學)_, mother often takes on more work than is good for her 2. Having spe

16、nt some time in the city, he had no trouble_. (找到去歷史博物館的路) 22分類練習:核心詞匯和固定搭配1. Through the project, many people have received training and （決定自己創(chuàng)業(yè)）. 2. By contrast, American mothers were more likely _ (把孩子的成功歸因于) natural talent. 3. Though a skilled worker, _(他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic

17、 crisis . 4. Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research _(能應用于新技術的開發(fā)).23分類練習:核心詞匯和固定搭配5.The finding of this study failed to _ (將人們的睡眠質(zhì)量考慮在內(nèi)).6. Because of the leg injury, the athlete _ (決定退出比賽).7. To make donations or for more information, please _ (按以下地址和我們聯(lián)系).8. Please come here at t

18、en tomorrow morning _ (如果你方便的話).24分類練習:核心詞匯和固定搭配9. Since my childhood I have found that. (沒有什么比讀書對我更有吸引力) 10. In handling an embarrassing situation, _(沒有什么比幽默更有幫助的了).11. The more you explain, _(我愈糊涂)12. The Foreign Minister said he was resigning, (他拒絕進一步解釋這樣做的原因).25分類練習:核心詞匯和固定搭配13. _(一個國家未來的繁榮在很大程度

19、上有賴于) the quality of education. 14. It is absolutely unfair that these children _(被剝奪了受教育的權利).15.The problems of blacks and women _(最近幾十年受到公眾相當大的關注).16. I prefer to communicate with my customers _(通過寫電子郵件而不是打電話). 26More Exercise(固定搭配)1. Theres a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I t

20、hink he means _（想找麻煩）2. Please dont stand in the kitchen, youre _(擋路了). 3. The old man _ (謀生) by looking after a parking lot. 4. It may be necessary to stop _(每隔時間) in the learning process and go back to the difficult points in the lessons. 5. Children are very kind and honest _(天生).to make troublei

21、n the waymade his livingat intervalsby nature27分類練習：情態(tài)動詞表示猜測1. I cant boot my computer now .Something _ _(一定出了毛病) with its operation system.28多個考點結(jié)合1. _ compared with the place where I grow up (與我成長的地方相比), this town is more prosperous and exciting.2. We can say a lot of things about _(畢生致力于詩歌的人). Th

22、ey are passionate, impulsive and unique.3.He designed the first suspension bridge,_.(把美觀與功能完美地結(jié)合起來)4.I dont think it advisable that parents_ (剝奪孩子們的自由)to spend their spare time as they wish.29多個考點結(jié)合5.Older adults who have a high level of daily activities have more energy and _. (與不那么活躍的人相比死亡率要低)6.Th

23、e auto manufacturers found themselves _(正在同外國公司競爭市場的份額).7.Our years of hard work are all in vain, _(更別提我們所花費的大量金錢了).8.With tears on her face, the lady _(看著她受傷的兒子被送進手術室)30多個考點結(jié)合9. After the terrorist attack, tourists _（被勸告暫時不要去該國旅游）.10. _(直到截止日他才寄出) his application form.31More Exercise(單詞)1. Buying c

24、lothes _( 是件很耗時的工作), because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the ones that fit him or her.2. When I was very young, I was terrible frightened of school, but I soon _（克服了這種心理）。3. The sports meeting originally due to be held last Friday _( 最終因天氣不好而取消了)。is often a very time-consuming jobovercame it / got over itwas finally called off / cancelled because of the bad weather32More Exercise(單詞)4. I _( 將在做實驗) from three to five this afternoon. 5. If this cant be