02英語精講語法詞匯

1、【淡藍冬日一、大綱要求及復習范圍式掌握 4000 左右個英語單詞和 500 個常用詞組復用式掌握 1800 個左右的常【淡藍冬日一、大綱要求及復習范圍式掌握 4000 左右個英語單詞和 500 個常用詞組復用式掌握 1800 個左右的常用英語單詞和 200 個常用詞組掌握一定數(shù)量的常用詞綴，并能根據構詞法和語境意思識別常見的派生詞何謂“復用式掌以詞匯 efficient 為例其詞性是形容詞其含義是：高效的，有效率的，能勝任的?？梢孕稳萑说墓ぷ餍矢?，也可以形容機器效高其副詞形式是：efficiently；名詞形式是 近義詞反義詞6.形近詞有：sufficient（sufficiency,suf

2、ficiently insufficientdeficien（deficienc,deficiently）； proficient (proficiency, proficiently)二形式、重點及例題分析：形式：單句選擇填空，要求考生從四個選項中選出一填入空格中。題5道重點：是對名詞、動詞、形容詞、短語及固定搭配的判斷和理解，其中包括區(qū)分近形詞、近義基本題型2013-07. Computers5%ofthecountrysA.payB.standC.accountD.provide2013-01.Noreadytechnicaldataavailable,wemanagedtoA.go B

3、.goC.goD.goionsoftheir2013-04.TheactorandactressprovidedA.B.C.D. 1【淡藍冬日2011-08.TheshirtisarealbargainbecauseitisgoodinqualityandinA. C.D.2011-06.Ifthecaryouhaverentedisclearlyunsatisfactory,youways itfor【淡藍冬日2011-08.TheshirtisarealbargainbecauseitisgoodinqualityandinA. C.D.2011-06.Ifthecaryouhaveren

4、tedisclearlyunsatisfactory,youways itforA.B.C.D.2010-10.The thiefwassobythebrightlightsandbarkingtheA.B.C.D.三、如何利用：例題：Good lighting in factories leads to greater comfort, higherand productivity, fewer mistakes and accidents.A.B.C.D.詞匯拓(mature;expert （expertise）speLead to;語法分四、英語的構詞法 2. 派生Misundersta

5、nd;cooperate;underestimate;unders 3. 轉換）Back: 后背 支持；HarentsbackedherchoiceofThe rich: ThegapntherichandtheesTheHavesandHave-Nots. A must: N. 必須做的事Hisnewnovelisamustforallloversofcrimefiction. Ihavean out,andyouWearegivinganout.Takeitornot,itisyourcallto五、英語派生詞的基本詞根：決定單詞的基礎含2【淡藍冬日后綴：改變詞Port；Im-;Ex-;T

6、rans-;Pro-；-able;-ion;-ive;-重要后-en(動詞后綴Soften;deepen；strengthen; -ee（名詞后綴；人） (-ism （抽象名詞后綴；表示：主義，學說Pragmatism (務實主義；實用【淡藍冬日后綴：改變詞Port；Im-;Ex-;Trans-;Pro-；-able;-ion;-ive;-重要后-en(動詞后綴Soften;deepen；strengthen; -ee（名詞后綴；人） (-ism （抽象名詞后綴；表示：主義，學說Pragmatism (務實主義；實用主義); modernism(現(xiàn)代化-ize （動詞后綴 -fy（動詞后綴Be

7、autify;purify;testify;tourism(旅游業(yè)【前綴】3anti-自雙生命，生co-,col-,com-, con-, cor共除去，否定；離di-,dif-,無，不，相en-,前；向外il-,im-,in-, im-進間，相千中小誤單多過度，太；后先predict【淡藍冬日【名詞后綴】4-nlibrariannnRussian-人-人daughter owner lawyer trainer barber b her singer carrier actor an【淡藍冬日【名詞后綴】4-nlibrariannnRussian-人-人daughter owner lawy

8、er trainer barber b her singer carrier actor an tor bachelor conductor director senator operator sponsor - 人，主義artistnovelist -性質，狀-狀態(tài)，集表示行為、狀voyageadvantagebaggagecouragegarbageshortage-抽象名詞-動作，狀desperation invention inva modernization permisses suspiciontransmis industrialization-代-抽象名ality-運agree

9、ment appo ment argument arrangement monument movement parliament payment replacement requirement settlement treatment再遠橫貫，轉三在下，副【淡藍冬日【動詞后綴】【形容詞后綴】5-能夠，值得available comparable favorable honorable-annualcasualclassicalcontinualconventionalcritical-accustomed【淡藍冬日【動詞后綴】【形容詞后綴】5-能夠，值得available comparable

10、 favorable honorable-annualcasualclassicalcontinualconventionalcritical-accustomed advanced ashamed beloved complicated crowded -colorful faithful fearful fruitful grateful -的，人，academic artistic economic electronic heroic -的，人relative-無的，不-如-的，-ous -ambitious anxious cautious -harden lengthen loose

11、n threaten-學-狀態(tài)，性friendshiphardshipleadershipnership-結果，過truthwarmth-抽象名liberty【淡藍冬日【副詞后綴】【常見詞根】語法詞匯 1-表示原因的連詞6詞意舉做，動audi，聽ced， 走exceed中dic，說【淡藍冬日【副詞后綴】【常見詞根】語法詞匯 1-表示原因的連詞6詞意舉做，動audi，聽ced， 走exceed中dic，說引做拿conference 末尾，界出生，種步寫投injectinjectionrejectproject選ectneglect放站看st，站Ven 來看supervise vibasicall

12、y defini y directly espe lly eventually evidently extremely fairly finally fortuna y generally hardly highly increasingly largely mainly merely mostly namely naturally nearly ne sarily normally obviously particularly partly sibly practically presently probably rarely readily really repeatedly respec

13、tively scarcely shortly simply specifically truly usually virtually wholly- -的，人dirtygreedy【淡藍冬日Because（前后；強JustbecauseIdontcomplain,peoplethinkImAs(前；明顯的原因Astheweatherwasfinewe【淡藍冬日Because（前后；強JustbecauseIdontcomplain,peoplethinkImAs(前；明顯的原因AstheweatherwasfinewedecidedtoclimbthemountainThe days are

14、 long, for it is now April.Since(引出已知原因SinceImheretoday,Isawt（既然Nowt)youarehere,youdbetter語法詞匯 2-表示原因的介詞短語onaccountSheretiredearlyonaccountofillAs a result of (= caused by) Shediesasaresultofherinjuries.due to(sth/ sb)：= caused by; because of Mostoftheproblemsareduetohumanerrors. Note: not before no

15、un.BecauseHewalkedslowlybecauseofhisbadnksto(sb/sthShepassedthenkstoalotofhardnkstoyou.Everyoneknowsaboutit拜您所賜，現(xiàn)而今任誰都知道了語法詞匯3-表示“所以”“結果”的副詞，連詞1. Hence:(=forthisMyrotherisbyhimself,henceImustgohomeThereforeso , so 更為正式IveneverbeentoItaly,thereforeIknowlittleaboutThus:(=asaresultofsomethingjustWedont

16、ownthebuilding.Thus,itwouldbeAsaHewasrunoverbyacar.Asaresult,hesibleforustomakeanychangestoRegularexercisestrengthenstheheart,therebyreducingtheriskof6.esathreattoagricultureandfoodchain,andconsequentlytohuman7.Accordingly:(=treason;therefore ；句首Thecostofmaterialsrosesharplylastyear.Accordingly,wewe

17、reforcedtoincreaseour語法詞匯 4-表示1.“遞進”的副詞連詞Atalentedartist,shewas,moreover,awriterofsome2.7【淡藍冬日Hesaidhehadnotdiscussedthematterwithher.Furthermore,hehad【淡藍冬日Hesaidhehadnotdiscussedthematterwithher.Furthermore,hehadnotevencontacted3.Idontreallywanttogo.Besides,itistoolate inadditionof（此外，還） 語法詞匯 5-表示1

18、. by“比較”的副詞、連詞、介詞短語Whenyoulookattheirnewsystem,oursseemsveryold-fashionedbybyBycomparison,expenditureoneducationincreasedlastontheItvebeenOnthecontrary,Ienjoyedevery4.The United Seswonmostof thetrackandfieldevents.Similarly,inswimming,thetopthreepla toAmericans.語法詞匯6-表示“轉折”的副詞、連詞、介詞短語However(句首，句中He

19、wasfeelingbad.Hewenttowork,howeverandtriedtoconcentrate. Note: however 的其它用法+adjoradv,meanstowhatevereverdegree He wanted to take norisks, however small.=InwhateverHoweveryoulookatit,itwillcostaThereislittletwewillsucceedinchangingthelaw.Nevertheless,itistweHisdefeatwasexpectedbutitising3Whereas( 用于

20、比較兩個事實Someofthestudiesitiveresults,whereasothersdoStrangethoughitmaysound,IwaspleaseditwasIfelthewaswrong,althoughIdidntsaysoatthetime. Although small, the kitchen is well designed.inspiteTheywentswimminginspiteofallthedangerHervoicewasshakingdespiteallhereffortstocontrol Theesallnewmembersregardles

21、sof8【淡藍冬日語法詞匯 7-表示“舉例”的副詞、連詞、介詞短語forWhatwouldyoudo,forinstance,ifyoufoundamemberofstaffforjustSuchas【淡藍冬日語法詞匯 7-表示“舉例”的副詞、連詞、介詞短語forWhatwouldyoudo,forinstance,ifyoufoundamemberofstaffforjustSuchas語法詞匯8-表示“強調”的副詞、連詞、介詞短語:InInin5.6. more=Asoftenasnnot: Asoftenasnot,heslate for他上班往1.e,ingeflightsareall

22、bookedtwhichotherdaycouldwe tyouarewrong,whatwillyoudo2. provided t：Wellbuyeverythingyouproduce,providedoftthepriceisright. 3.given t： tIt4.rprisingernmentwasre-elected,ttheyhadraisedtaxesso5. as/solongas:=onlyWellgoaslongastheweatheris語法詞匯tosumininaallinonthe10-表示“總結”的副詞、連詞、介詞短語語法詞匯 11-關聯(lián)連詞1.Iwasbo

23、thshockedandedbyyour2. notonlybut9【淡藍冬日Everythingaroundusiseithersolid,Neither younorIama5. no n（一就No【淡藍冬日Everythingaroundusiseithersolid,Neither younorIama5. no n（一就Nosoonerdidtheygettonitbegantoontheonehandontheotherscarcelywhen=hardly when Scarcelyhadhearrivedwhenhehadtoleave.8.t9. theThemomentth

24、ebellrang,alltheschoolchildrenotheir10.11. 語法詞匯其它連Youwontgetpaidfortimeoffunlessyouhaveadoctors除非你有醫(yī)生證明，否則你不上班就拿不到工資WhileTomeisverygoodatscience,hisbrotheris4.whether(oryIdontrememberwhetherIreadthisWhetherwediscussthequestionhasyettobe Asfaras（就AsfarasIknow,weshallhaveaseminaronAsHespokeasifhe hadb

25、eenhereassoonas一就Willlhimassoonashegets 8Aswellas不僅，和，以及) HewaskindaswellasIn case（以防，以免Takeanumbrellawithyouincaseitshouldlest （以防，以免TakecarelestyoushouldcatchInheEveryOtherwise（否則，語氣強Dowhatyouhavebeentold,otherwiseyouwillbe【淡藍冬日七Thenewcurrencywillo A.B.C.D.ShortageofcapitalisthemainteconomicC.hold

26、sback D.holdsA.holdsB.holdson3.ThecaptainofthethettherewasnoA.B.C.D.4.ManyoldA.hecitiesfindthemselvesunabletogetusedtotheofcityB.C.D.5.Olympiadissaidto【淡藍冬日七Thenewcurrencywillo A.B.C.D.ShortageofcapitalisthemainteconomicC.holdsback D.holdsA.holdsB.holdson3.ThecaptainofthethettherewasnoA.B.C.D.4.Many

27、oldA.hecitiesfindthemselvesunabletogetusedtotheofcityB.C.D.5.Olympiadissaidtohaveconsistedofa200-yardfootracenearthesmallcityofA.B.C.D. 6.The e attheconferenceisveryimportantanditwillcreateasensationA.B.beingC.isbeingD.hasbeen7.TheextensivesurveyttheirC.mptionstotallyD.wouldA.B.8. Undoubtedly,winsth

28、eelectionisgoingtohaveatoughjobgettingtheeconomybackonitsA.B.C.D.9.Millions ofAmericansflock to their drugstores to buy vitamins and canhelppreventserioust A.B.C.toD.tobe10.ThebirdflewupwardanddroppedthefishontotherockitD.A.B.C.Peoplewhowalkonthegrasstoafineof.C.D.Dr.Hawkinghasmademuchcontributionto

29、thetheoriesofmodernphysicsattheofhisA. B.C.D.13. JohnSmith, beinga diligentstudent,neverrefusesmoretotare A.take B.takeC.takeD.takeEffective prevention against physical harms has never urgently needed,lly A.B.C.D.ingaware ofour mothersage, notjust in numbersof yearssychologicalphysicale,oftenhelpsus

30、tounderstandherA.inspite B.onaccountermsD. by means of D.n16.Toyourentry,pleasebringyourA.B.C.17.Expertssaythe spacerockisprobablyA.B.C.D.18.Childrenunderstandwhatarereciting,butgraduallyitwillhaveanimpactonA.B.C.D.19.Everyyear,thousandsofcollegestudentsapplyfortheCCTVCupEnglishSpeechA.B.C.D.20.Toda

31、yspopularclothingteenagers,whocanbecountedupontochangetheirtastes【淡藍冬日30 A.resortB.attendC.appealD.apply21.There is goingto time forpeopletoassesswhetherornot wehave made theright histimeofA.B.C.D.22.Everyplant,animal,andhumanbeingneedswatertoA. B.C.D.23. Changes in climate slowlythroughtheA.makeB.t

32、akeC.keepD.setandnatural【淡藍冬日30 A.resortB.attendC.appealD.apply21.There is goingto time forpeopletoassesswhetherornot wehave made theright histimeofA.B.C.D.22.Everyplant,animal,andhumanbeingneedswatertoA. B.C.D.23. Changes in climate slowlythroughtheA.makeB.takeC.keepD.setandnaturallanguagewhenyouA.

33、B.D.usetechniquesfromscienceandtheartstodeceivethemindandA.B.C.D.26.erviewedbutdidnotfindanyoneA.C.B.D.27.Chocolate manufacturers blend many types ofbeans to andcolor he A.theB.the C.theD.the28.LivingthingscansenseheirD.decideA.respondB.makeC. lead29. Sometimes, artists for their own enjoyment or se

34、lf-, choosing their A.B.C.D.mercehaswitnessedgrowththeseA.B.C.D.31.TheresearchershavecomeupwithnumerousexplanationstotheirA.32. It wasmeA.B.C.D.retthethoughtsswimmingbehindhisB.C.D.33.wasneededwasonefinalpushtoclosethetB.C.D.34.Hehasnoalternativebuttoaskhissister forA.to B.C.D.irstyle,totheir35.Rock

35、singers,hip-hopdancers,andhippiesallhaveA. B.lC.lD.36. HewasknowingeverythingaboutthecourseshewastotakeattheA.lost37.HeA.B.attentiveC.clearD.keentthesmade arrangementsfortheB.C.D.38.engageinseriousdebateorunlessyouarewillingtoendureA.havebetterB.hadbetterC.havebetternotD.hadbetternot40.Saffronreturn

36、edtoLondonheractingcareerafterfouryearsofA.B.C.D.41.When Iworkedasa soldiersandfactoryclerk，Ihadtheopportunitytomeeta 【淡藍冬日A.B.C.D.42.Ifthecaryouhaverentedisclearlyunsatisfactory，youwaysitA.BC.D.43. Every manager needs a t he can to take care of t may occur in 【淡藍冬日A.B.C.D.42.Ifthecaryouhaverentedis

37、clearlyunsatisfactory，youwaysitA.BC.D.43. Every manager needs a t he can to take care of t may occur in A.bringB.holdC.countD.focus44.TheshirtisarealbargainbecauseitisgoodinqualityandinA. C.D.hisadvancedcourse，studentsarerequiredtotakeperformancetestsatA.B.C.45.Americanwomenwere therighttovoteuntilA

38、. B.C.D.46.IrealizedIhadletmyself insomethingfromwhichtherewasnoturningA.B.C.D.47.Thoseclose tohimarethehopestostayonofhisA.B.C.eD.48.Workingwomenhaventleftthefamilyehind:nowtheytoworkevenhardertodoA.B.C.D.49.Moderntechnologyhas npeoplefarD.A.B.C.50.IlyouIamtoyouforhavinglistenedtoA.B.C.D.【淡藍冬日2013-

39、15:WhichofthefollowingisprobablythebesttitlefortheA.DegreeNoLongerC.GraduationandB.Educationis【淡藍冬日2013-15:WhichofthefollowingisprobablythebesttitlefortheA.DegreeNoLongerC.GraduationandB.EducationisStillD.Problemswithfeel strongly , although there are undoubtedly some problems with increased levels

40、of education, t the country can only progress if all its people are educated to um of Tony Huesman, a heart transplant recipient ( 接受者) who lived a record 31 years anhasdiedatage51ofleukemia白血病buthisheartstillgoingThe night is not what it was. Once, the Earth was lf in shadow. Then came fire, candle

41、, lightbulb,graduallydrawingbackthecurtainofdarkness.ButabrighterworldhasitsAnAmericancompanyhasstartedtestinganewprogramaimedatincreasing16.Thispassageismainlyabout A.theincreasingsecurityofU.S.B.thetestofanewsecurityC.anewcentralmonitoringD.lite2010GCT_cloze. Some people get discouraged at the dif

42、ficult times, but when I have a failure policyhasalwaysbeennottoworrybuttostartplanningthenextisalwaysA.tC.D.學習英語語法時的切入名動句英語中的獨立主格、虛擬語氣和倒裝英語中的特殊句式、固定搭配HeSuggested(+【淡藍冬日FettodoHesucceeded(in)passingtheNoonefailedto【淡藍冬日FettodoHesucceeded(in)passingtheNoonefailedtopassthe詞一、動一、助動詞（一）基本助動詞進行時；(be；用+It

43、is句式；There句式Itisofgreatimportanceforthereto【淡藍冬日用完成時IhavebeeninBeijingfor 15 years.Ihavelostmy tthe dofthisterm,【淡藍冬日用完成時IhavebeeninBeijingfor 15 years.Ihavelostmy tthe dofthisterm, willhaveIhad my carYouhadbetter(not)goby(3Do: （二）情態(tài)助動詞 dAnntthemeatvebeenIcouldhavelentyoumoney.Whydidntyouask2012-10.

44、Beingelligentboy,suchafoolishA.veB.veC.veD.ve(2).shallShould+(not)have+done (3). will would;【淡藍冬日to tI would rather you IasmallWould+have+omfortable2013-If Ihadnotbeenenjoying【淡藍冬日to tI would rather you IasmallWould+have+omfortable2013-If Ihadnotbeenenjoyingthework,IsomuchofA.wouldnotB.wouldveC.shou

45、ldnotD.shouldve(4Mustnot) 不得haveto（外界）neednot) Must(表推斷)+ :Hemustbe-Theyquarreledquiteoftenandwhenevertheyquarreledtheythrewplatesateach-TheyvebrokenalotofNeednt +have+done (本無必要-Shestoodinaqueueto-Butshe(5).ought;dare;used Ought to have donevestoodinaqueue.ShecouldhavegottheticketfromtheYououghttoh

46、avetoldUsedtotthetseatisIusedtosmokecigarettes;nowIsmokeaBeusedng(beaccustomed 【淡藍冬日注意1wouldratherwouldsoonerwouldjustas soonhadbetterhadsooner; cannot but; may (just) as well.2情態(tài)動詞在虛擬語氣中的含【淡藍冬日注意1wouldratherwouldsoonerwouldjustas soonhadbetterhadsooner; cannot but; may (just) as well.2情態(tài)動詞在虛擬語氣中的含義

47、及其用法。虛擬句中，情態(tài)動詞的特征二、實意動詞及物動詞：transitive WereachedtherailwayionatItthecommitteewillconsiderourOursuggestionwillbeconsideredbythe不及物動詞： ransitive We arrived at the railway sWearrived yesterday.Theagreementwasarrivedat動詞的基本時態(tài)、語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時（主謂一致；現(xiàn)在進行時；現(xiàn)在完成時一般將來時；將來進行時；將來完成一般過去時；過去進行時；過去完成一般現(xiàn)在時的3個特殊用法：Wellclimb

48、themountainifitisfine2. 安排或計劃好的動作（gocomeleavestart等Thetrainstartsattenhe3. Galileottheearthmovesroundthe一般過去時的一些特殊表達：Mr.HigginsusedtohaveabigheTheysaidtheywouldletusknowiftheyheardany現(xiàn)在完成時基本形式：Havehas【淡藍冬日強調動作的完成與現(xiàn)在的關系、對現(xiàn)在產生的影響Ihave lostmy Ilostmykey Ive【淡藍冬日強調動作的完成與現(xiàn)在的關系、對現(xiàn)在產生的影響Ihave lostmy Ilostm

49、ykey Ivebeentherequiteafewtimes. 動作發(fā)生在過去，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在Theyvebeenhereagoodfewyearsnow. 過去完成時基本形式：Had+ 在過去的某個時間或動作之前業(yè)已完成的動作of從過去某點 k,wehadfinishedten開始到過去某點 B 一直持續(xù)的動作ItrainedyesterdayafterdbeendryforalongHetgreatchangeshadtakenince將來完成時+ BySeptemberofthisyear,IwillhavetaughtEnglishfor15過去將來完成時基本形式：Should/Wo

50、uld+ have+ He toldthewouldhavepaidmebackthemoneyof一般將來時與將來進行時：IwillbeseeinghimtomorrowandIlthissbeen現(xiàn)在完成進行時：Shehadbeentryingonandrejectingdresssinceeight【淡藍冬日主動語態(tài)語基本形式：ToBedone （BeToget+Hegot he主動：Smell,taste,sound,prove,feel,write,read,wash,lock,TheflowerssmellThebooksells相關：【淡藍冬日主動語態(tài)語基本形式：ToBedone

51、 （BeToget+Hegot he主動：Smell,taste,sound,prove,feel,write,read,wash,lock,TheflowerssmellThebooksells相關：2012-02.youaretostayatthewherefor A.havebeenB.areC.wouldbeD.werearty2010-09.ofthisterm,thethebasicrulesofA.willhaveB.willC.haveD.are 2009-04. Coffee has been a favorite drink for centuries, the time

52、when we were drinking strongandblack,withoutA.B.C.D.2007-08.Whenwearrivedattheairport,weweretoldourA.B.hadC.hasbeenD.hadbeen2006-02. Itcommonplacetothinkofsportasa“l(fā)eisureindustry”A.B.eC.D.e2005-02.MoreinnanyothertimeoftheA.B.haveC.D.will2004-03.PeopledonotalwaysrecalleventsastheyA.areB.willC.D.woul

53、d非謂語動詞基本形式：【淡藍冬日I love red【淡藍冬日I love redI lovetherose +you bought tI willnever on which=when et the IWhich 【淡藍冬日I willnever et the in twe 【淡藍冬日I willnever et the in twe livedIBe+ parents to the meeting will aInviting=who =【淡藍冬日ToTo do（不定式【淡藍冬日ToTo do（不定式）的時態(tài)和語態(tài)變主TobeToTohaveTohavebeen【淡藍冬日 但是Wewere

54、to【淡藍冬日 但是Weweretohaveng(havingdone;beingdiscussed；havingbeen特征：ShewalksTheybuilta翻譯：“他們提議修建一座公園功能：非謂語動詞除了不能獨立作謂語外，可以承擔句子的任何成分。與謂語動詞的對比：1非謂語動詞與謂語動詞的相同點有（1）TheybuiltaTheysuggestedbuildinga（2）都可以被狀語修飾ThesuitfitshimveryThesuitusedtofithimvery（3）,“體”式（一般式；進行式；完成式）的變化。例如HewaspunishedbyhisHeavoidedbeingpu

55、nishedbyhisWehavewrittentheHavingwrittenthe（4）都可以有邏輯主ition,wehandeditTheystartedtheworkatsorderedthemtostartthe WeareLeagueWebeingLeaguemembers,theworkwaswell【淡藍冬日2、非謂語動詞與謂語動詞的不同點有（1） 非謂語動詞可以有名詞作用（2） 非謂語動詞可以有形容詞作用（3） 非謂語動詞可以有副【淡藍冬日2、非謂語動詞與謂語動詞的不同點有（1） 非謂語動詞可以有名詞作用（2） 非謂語動詞可以有形容詞作用（3） 非謂語動詞可以有副詞作用（4）

56、 謂語動詞在句中作謂語，受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制；非謂語動詞在句中不能單獨作謂語，它不受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制（5）英語中非謂語動詞不能單獨做句子的謂語動名詞ng)：充當名詞、代詞的作用，作句子的主語、賓語、表語，經常性的，概念性的分：充當形容詞、副詞的作用，作句子的定語、狀語現(xiàn)在分詞ng)為正在進行或主動的含義 boiling aAshe thewouldntbeabletobuyfoodonhisjourney,hetookswith轉換成分詞過去分詞(done)已經完成（過去分詞由不及物動詞變化而來時）fallenleaves;aretiredminer;boiledwater,adevel

57、oped的含義stolenmoney,awrittenAshewasttheyweretryingtopoisonhim,herefusedtoeat轉換成分詞Havingbeenbittentwice,tmanrefusediverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog不定式：充當名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞的作用，做除謂語之外的主語、賓語、表語、定語的，將要做的” 當非謂語動詞的主語與句子主語不一致的時候1)Therobberwasbroughttothejudge,A.hishandswerefastB.hishandstobefastC.hishandshaving

58、beenfastD.hishandsfast,wedecidedtoleaveatonce,aswedidntwanttoriskmissingthelastA.Itwaspretty B.ItbeingprettyC.AsitbeingprettyD.Itwaspretty補充_特殊單詞：（1）wishhopemanagedemand,promiserefuseplan,offerdecideagreeexpect（2） 有些動詞后只跟動名詞作它們的直接賓語，如：admit, te,avoid,consider, dislike,enjoy,excuse,finish,ive,imagine

59、,keep,mind,miss,practise,resist,risk,suggest,insiston,objectto,giveup,putoff（3）有些動詞后既可以跟不定式又可以跟動名詞，意義上無多大區(qū)別，如：love, like, hate, 【淡藍冬日end,startcontinueIendtofinishfinishingthetaskthis regretstop,【淡藍冬日end,startcontinueIendtofinishfinishingthetaskthis regretstop,tryet,remember,TheOh, Iheofficeisstillot

60、 A.turningit.turnitC.toturnitD.havingturneditYouwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsattheWell,nowIregret t.A.to IregrettedB.toC.tohaveD.havingvingwornathickerIfwedontdealwiththeproblemnow,welllivetoregretIregrettoinformtyourcontractwillnotbe非謂語動詞的否定形在基礎形式前面直接加否定詞 TodonottoHedecidednottogovingng;havingvi