英語中的借代市公開課金獎市賽課一等獎?wù)n件

1、3. 借 代METONYMY第1頁修辭學(xué)上辭格之一，甲事物同乙事物不相類似，但有不可分離關(guān)系，利用這種關(guān)系以乙事物名稱來代替甲事物，叫借代。 第2頁( 1 ) 以事物特征代替事物、人本身。Gray hair should be respected. 老年人應(yīng)受到尊敬。No cross, no crown. ( A proverb ) 沒有苦就沒有甜。第3頁( 2 ) 以工具代替動作或行為者He was raised to the bench. 他被任命為法官。這里，bench指代法官。His pen sways over half of the civilized world. 他作品影響著半

2、個文明世界。第4頁( 3 ) 以人或物代特征There is much of the schoolboy in him.他身上還有許多小學(xué)生氣質(zhì)。The wolf and the pig mingled together in his face.兇殘與貪婪交織在一起，出現(xiàn)在他臉上。第5頁the British lion 英國人 boiled lobster 英國海軍步兵隊兵 the Bear 俄羅斯第6頁( 4 ) 以事物活動場所代替事物或活動者The White House (白宮) the President or Executive branch of the US government

3、Capitol Hill (國會山) the legislative branch of the U. S. governmentThe Pentagon (五角大樓) the U.S. military establishmentFoggy Bottom (霧谷) the U.S. State DepartmentWall Street (華爾街) U. S. Financial circlesMadison Avenue (麥迪遜大街) American advertising industry 第7頁Downing Street (唐寧街) the British government

4、or cabinetWhitehall (白廳) the British governmentWestminster (威斯敏斯特) the British Parliament or governmentFleet Street (艦隊街) the British pressThe Kremlin (克里姆林宮) the government of the Soviet Union第8頁( 5 ) 以某物產(chǎn)地代替該物Would you care for a cup of Longjing? ChampagneMaotaiScotch （ whisky威士忌） He was behind th

5、e arras.他在掛毯后面。 第9頁( 6 ) 以作者或生產(chǎn)者代替作品或產(chǎn)品Our Sony worked well. We drove a Ford to Hyde Park. 第10頁( 7 ) 以容器代替其中內(nèi)容He is fond of the bottle. 他喜歡喝酒。What dishes would you like? 您要什么萊?The kettle is boiling. 壺(水)開了。He is in his cups again. 他又喝醉了。第11頁Exercise：He set the room roaring with laughter. 他使全屋子暴發(fā)出笑聲。

6、The coat would be beyond his miserable pocket. 他錢少得可憐，買不起那件大衣。Whenever my husband has a bad day at the office, he hits the bottle.每當(dāng)我丈夫在辦公室不順心，他就喝得酩酊大醉。 第12頁( 8 ) 以人體器官代替其功效The practiced ear can recognize a classic favour.有音樂涵養(yǎng)人能夠聽出古典音樂韻味。She has the eye for the fair and the beautiful. 她有審美眼光。She ha

7、s a ready tongue. 她口齒伶俐。第13頁( 8 ) 以詳細(xì)事物代替抽象事物He lives by the pen. (=writing). 他以寫作為生。He is too fond of the bottle (=drinking). 他太貪杯了。 I found the patriot (=patriotism) in him. 我從他身上看到了愛國之心。Dont actplay the fool. 不要裝瘋賣傻。Play the man! 拿出男子漢氣概來！第14頁( 9 ) 以抽象事物代替詳細(xì)事物In the present instance, it was sickn

8、ess and poverty together that she came to visit. ( Jane Austen )在當(dāng)前這種情況下，她一并前來探望是病人和窮人。It is a pity that there is more ignorance than knowledge in the country.該國未受教育人多于受過教育人，真是遺憾。第15頁( 10 ) 以“顏色詞+名詞”組成名詞來替換意義上與之相關(guān)名詞He is the black sheep in the family. 他是他家害群之馬。He has a yellow streak. 他有著怯懦性格。He might be the dark horse in the swimming contest. 他在游泳賽中會意外取勝。第16頁This prize is the blue ribbon in mat