英語經濟詞匯

1、英語經濟詞匯Aaccounting 會計 accounting cost 會 計成本 accounting profit會計禾U潤adverse selection逆向選擇allocation酉已置 allocation of resources 資源酉已置 allocative efficiency酉已置效率antitrust legislation反托拉斯法arc elasticity 弧彈性 Arrows impossibility theorem阿羅不可能定理Assumption假設 asymetricinformation非對稱性信息 average平均average cost平均成

2、本average costpricing平均成本定價法average fixed cost平均固定成本average product of capital資本平均產量average product of labour勞動平均產量average revenue平均收益average total cost平均總成本averagevariable cost平均可變成本B barriers to entry 進入壁壘base year基年 bilateral monopoly雙邊壟斷benefit 收益 black market 黑市 blisspoint 極樂點 boundary point 邊界點

3、 break even point收支相抵點budget 預算 budget constraint預算約束budget line 預算線 budget set 預算集 C capital 資本 capital stock資本存量capital output ratio資本產出比率capitalism 資本主義cardinal utilitytheory基數(shù)效用論cartel 卡特爾ceteris puribus assumption其他條件不變”的假設ceteris puribus demand curve其他因素不變的需求曲線Chamberlin model張伯倫模型需求量變change i

4、n demand需求變化需求量變change in quantity demanded化供給量變化change in quantity supplied change in supply 供給變化供給量變化choice 選擇closed set 閉集Coase theorem科斯定理Cobb Douglas production function柯布-道格拉斯生產函數(shù)cobweb model蛛網(wǎng)模型collective bargaining 集體協(xié)議工資collusion 合謀command economy指令經濟commodity 商品commodity combination商品組合com

5、modity combination商品組合commodity market 商品市場commodity space商品空間common property公用貝才產comparative static analysis比較靜態(tài)分析compensated budget line補償預算線compensated demand function補償需求函數(shù)compensation principles補償原貝 U compensating variation in income入補償變量competition 競爭competitive market競爭性市場complement goods 互補品

6、complete information 完全信息completeness 完備性condition for efficiency in exchange交換的最優(yōu)條件condition for efficiency in production生產的最優(yōu)條件concave 凹concave function 凹函數(shù)concave preference凹偏好concave preference凹偏好consistence致性consistence致性constant cost industry成本不變產業(yè)constant returns to scale規(guī)模報酬不變constraints 約束c

7、onsumer 消費者consumer behavior 消費者行為consumer choice消費者選擇consumer equilibrium消費者均衡consumer optimization消費者優(yōu)化consumer preference消費者偏好consumer surplus消費者剩余consumer theory消費者理論consumer theory消費者理論consumption 消費consumption bundle 消費束consumption combination消費組合consumption possibility curve消費可能曲線consumption

8、possibility frontier消費可能性前沿consumption set 消費集consumption space消費空間continuity 連續(xù)性continuous function連續(xù)函數(shù)contract curve契約曲線convex 凸convex function 凸函數(shù)convex preference 凸偏好convex set 凸集corporation 公司cost 成本cost benefit analysis成本收益分cost function 成本函數(shù)cost minimization成本極小化Cournot equilibrium古諾均衡Cournot

9、 model古諾模型Cross price elasticity交叉價格彈性Ddead -weights loss 重負損失decreasing cost industry成本遞減產業(yè)decreasing returns to scale規(guī)模報酬遞減deduction 演繹法demand 需求demand curve 需求曲線demand elasticity需求彈性demand elasticity需求彈性demand function需求函數(shù)demand function需求函數(shù)demand price需求價格demand schedule 需求表depreciation 折舊deriva

10、tive 導數(shù)derive demand派生需求difference equation差分方程differential equation微分方程differentiated good差異商品differentiated oligoply 差異寡頭diminishing marginal substitution際替代率遞減diminishing marginal return收益遞減diminishing marginal utility邊際效用遞減direct approach 直接法direct taxes直接稅discounting貝占稅、折扣diseconomies of scale規(guī)

11、模不經濟disequilibrium 非均衡distribution 分酉已division of labour 勞動分工distribution theory of marginalproductivity邊際生產率分配論duoupoly 雙頭壟斷、雙寡duality 對偶durable goods 而寸用品dynamic analysis動態(tài)分析dynamic models動態(tài)模型EEconomic agents 經濟行為者economic cost經濟成本economic efficiency經濟效率economic goods 經濟物品economic man 經濟人economic

12、mode經濟模型生產的economic profit經濟禾 U 潤生產的economic region of production經濟區(qū)域economic regulation 經濟調節(jié)economic rent經濟租金exchange 交換economics 經濟學exchange efficiency交換效率economy 經濟exchange contract curve交換契約曲線economy of scale規(guī)模經濟Edgeworth box diagram埃奇沃思圖exclusion排斥性、排他性Edgeworth contract curve埃奇沃思契約線Edgeworth m

13、odel埃奇沃思模型efficiency 效率）效益efficiency parameter 效率參數(shù)替代彈性elasticity 彈性替代彈性elasticity of substitutionendogenous variable內生變量endowment 稟賦endowment of resources資源稟賦Engel curve恩格爾曲線entrepreneur 企業(yè)家entrepreneurship企業(yè)家才能entry barriers進入壁壘entry/exit decision 進出決策envolope curve 包絡線equilibrium 均衡equilibrium co

14、ndition均衡條件equilibrium price均衡價格equilibrium quantity 均衡產量eqity 公平equivalent variation in income收入等價變量excess capacity theorem過度生產能力定理excess supply過度供給exchange 交換exchange contract curve交換契約曲線exclusion排斥性、排他性exclusion principle排他性原則existence 存在性總體existence of general equilibrium總體均衡的存在性exogenous variab

15、les外生變量exogenous variables外生變量expansion paths擴展徑expectation 期望expected utility期望效用expected value 期望值expenditure支出explicit cost顯性成本external benefit夕卜部收益external cost 夕卜部成本external economy外部經濟external diseconomy 夕卜部不經濟externalities 夕卜部性FFactor 要素factor demand要素需求factor market要素市場factors of production生

16、產要素factor substitution要素替代factor supply 要素供給fallacy of composition合成謬誤final goods最終產品firm 企業(yè)firms demand curve for labor 企業(yè)勞動需求曲線firm supply curve企業(yè)供給曲線first-degree price discrimination第級價格歧視first order condition 一階條件fixed costs固定成本fixed input固定投入fixed proportions productionfunction 固定比例的生產函數(shù)flow 流量

17、fluctuation 波動for whom to produce為誰生產free entry 自由進入free goods 自由品）免費品free mobility of resources資源 自 由流動free rider搭便車，免費搭車function 函數(shù)future value未來值future value未來值game theory對策論、博弈論general equilibrium總體均衡general goods一般商品Giffen goods 吉芬晶收入補償需求曲線Giffens Paradox 吉芬之謎Gini coefficient吉尼系數(shù)goldenrule黃金規(guī)則g

18、oods 貨物government failure政府失敗government regulation政府調控government regulation政府調控總效用可grand utility possibility curve總效用可能曲線grand utility possibility frontier，總效用可能前沿Hheterogeneous product 異質產 品Hicks kaldor welfare criterion?？怂挂粻柖喔＠麡藴蔴omogeneity 齊次性homogeneous demand function齊次需求函數(shù)homogeneous product同質

19、產品homogeneous product同質產品homogeneous production function次生產函數(shù)horizontal summation 水平和household 家庭how to produce如何生產human capital 人力資本hypothesis 假說Iidentity 恒等式imperfect competion不完全競爭implicitcost隱性成本income 收入income compensated demand curveincome constraint收入約束income consumption curve收入消費曲線income dis

20、tribution收入分配income effect收入效應income elasticity of demand需求收入彈性規(guī)模報酬遞increasing cost industry成本遞增產業(yè)規(guī)模報酬遞increasing returns to scale增inefficiency缺乏效率index number 指數(shù)indifference無差異indifference curve無差異曲線indifference map 無差異族indifference relation 無差異關系indifference set無差異集indirect approach 間接法individual analysis個量分析個人需求函individual demand curve個人需求曲線個人需求函individual demand function數(shù)induced variable引致變量induction 歸納法industry 產業(yè)industry equilibrium 產業(yè)均衡industry supply curve產業(yè)供給曲線inelastic缺乏彈性的inferi