常用經(jīng)濟(jì)術(shù)語(yǔ)中英文對(duì)照

1、國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)、對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易 NATIONAL ECONOMY, FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo) economic indicators社會(huì)總產(chǎn)值 total product of society國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值 GNP （Gross Domestic Product)國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 GDP （Gross Domestic Product)人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 GDP per capita工農(nóng)業(yè)總產(chǎn)值 gross output value of industry and agriculture國(guó)民收入 national income購(gòu)買(mǎi)力平價(jià)法 purchas

2、ing power parity財(cái)政收入 state revenue社會(huì)商品零售總額 total volume of retail sales社會(huì)零售物價(jià)總指數(shù) general retail price index百分點(diǎn) percentage points八五”劃劃 the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development方案經(jīng)濟(jì) planned economy統(tǒng)購(gòu)統(tǒng)銷(xiāo) state monopoly over purchase and marketing市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì) market economy指令性方案 mandato

3、ry plan 指導(dǎo)性方案 guidance plan marketregulation建立市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)、法制、民主監(jiān)督和廉政三個(gè)機(jī)制 establish operational mechanisms of marketeconomy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible governmentstressprioritiesoveragriculture， transportationand energy supplyeducation and science and technology實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、生態(tài)環(huán)境和人口素養(yǎng)三個(gè)優(yōu)

4、化” optimize industrial structure， ecologicalenvironment and the quality of population第一、二、三產(chǎn)業(yè) primary, secondary and tertiary industries外向型經(jīng)濟(jì) exportoriented economy創(chuàng)匯型企業(yè) foreign exchangeearning enterprise勞動(dòng)密集型 labor intensive技術(shù)、智力、資本密集型 technology， knowledge or capital intensive高附加值的深加工 downstream p

5、rocessing with high added-value優(yōu)化資源配置 optimize allocation of resources生產(chǎn)力 productive forces生產(chǎn)資料 capital goods科研成果產(chǎn)業(yè)化 industrialization of research findings火炬方案 Torch Plan技術(shù)入股 technology appraised as capital stock風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資 venture investment/capital固定資產(chǎn)投資 investment in fixed assets技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓 technology transfer

6、可行性爭(zhēng)辯 feasibility study意向書(shū) letter of intent投資環(huán)境 investment environment跨國(guó)公司 transnational coorporation基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 infrastructure20basically achieve modernization in 20 years發(fā)揮技術(shù)窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用 serve as a medium for introducing advancedtechnologies， managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outsid

7、e。招商 attract investment招商項(xiàng)目 project proposals for investment同國(guó)際慣例接軌 follow the international codes of practice； bring in line with theinternational usage加大改革力度 intensify reforms一條龍服務(wù) one package service一支筆審批 one-chop approval我們兩市的經(jīng)濟(jì)互補(bǔ)性很強(qiáng). To a great extent， the economies between out two cities areco

8、mplementary to each other。公平互利,互通有無(wú) equality and mutual benefit， and trading of needed goods外引內(nèi)聯(lián) act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing domesticconnections保持進(jìn)展后勁 bring about a sustainable development; sustain momentum of development經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力 economic capabilities龍頭 pacema

9、ker； leading role三通一平（水通、電通、路通、施工場(chǎng)地平）three connections and one leveling” assuring thata construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and ground is leveled before a project is begun.瓶頸 bottleneck以工養(yǎng)農(nóng) use industrial income to finance agriculture usetollstorepayinvestmentinroadpr

10、ojects下放審批權(quán) delegate the authority to examine and approve to lower levels統(tǒng)而不死，活而不亂 ensure a flexible control良性循環(huán) positive cycle國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的支柱 mainstay of the national economy格局初步形成 Pattern has taken initial shape.and that the理順企業(yè)的產(chǎn)權(quán)關(guān)系 rationalize the property rights relationships of enterprises政策性虧損 policy

11、related loss三角債 chain debts上不封頂,下不保底 set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee企業(yè)工效掛鉤” link total payroll with the performance of an enterprise生意興隆/冷淡 Business is booming/sluggish質(zhì)量信得過(guò)單位 quality trustworthy organization limit production to market ability內(nèi)聯(lián)企業(yè) inland associated enterprises菜籃子工

12、程 shipping basket project 國(guó)產(chǎn)化 percentage of home-made parts配套改革 coordinated reforms配套措施 supporting measures配套工程 auxiliary project 國(guó)內(nèi)配套資金 domestic funds向基礎(chǔ)工業(yè)傾斜的政策 policy in favor of basic industry升級(jí)換代 upgrading and updating看好經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng) think highly of economic growth行情看好 Favorable price/market can be expec

13、ted。行情看漲/跌 anticipate lower market price/rising price隨行就市 fluctuate in line with market conditions片面追求進(jìn)展速度 seek an unduly high growth rate在過(guò)渡時(shí)期 in a period of transition粗放/集約經(jīng)營(yíng) extensive/intensive operation基礎(chǔ)地位 leading position門(mén)類(lèi)齊全 covering extensive fields存款/貸款余額 the balance of deposits/loans外匯儲(chǔ)備 f

14、oreign exchange reserves貿(mào)易順差 trade surplus完善的市場(chǎng)和發(fā)達(dá)的金融體制 wellestablished market and sophisticated financial system毀滅失業(yè) wipe out unemployment降低過(guò)熱的期貨市場(chǎng)，恢復(fù)金融秩序 cool down the over-heated future market and restorefinancial order緊縮銀根 tighten the money supply一位數(shù)水平 one digit level保持雙邊貿(mào)易的平衡 balance the two-wa

15、y trade這次會(huì)議為兩國(guó)進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ). This meeting laid a sound foundationforthetwocountriestoforgeenduring/lastingandconstant/continuouseconomicties。市場(chǎng)疲軟 a market slump庫(kù)存積壓 overstocked products國(guó)家指令性方案 state mandatory planning統(tǒng)肯定價(jià) unified price setting國(guó)家統(tǒng)配物資 materials allocated by state貨幣發(fā)放 the issue

16、of currency規(guī)范價(jià)格秩序standardize the price order簡(jiǎn)化流通環(huán)節(jié)，增加隨機(jī)檢查 simplify circulation and add more random checksThemarketmechanismsarebeginningtoplaytheirregulatoryrole。由于該暗補(bǔ)為明補(bǔ)，糧食購(gòu)銷(xiāo)同價(jià)。 Grains are purchased and sold by the same price becausecovered allowances are turned into open allowance。導(dǎo)致價(jià)格持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)的一個(gè)重要因素在

17、于物價(jià)的逐步放開(kāi)及價(jià)格結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整. An important factor（contributingto/resultingin）substantialpricehikesliesinthegradualliftingofpricescontrol and the structural adjustment of pricesdepreciation cost關(guān)系民生的產(chǎn)品 products vital to the peoples livelihood供大于求 oversupply供不應(yīng)求 short supply經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)熱 overheated economy抑制炒房地產(chǎn)熱 stem fren

18、zied and speculative trading in the property market宏觀調(diào)控 macroeconomic control經(jīng)濟(jì)杠桿 economic levers industrialpolicypublicfinancingtaxation,creditinterestrateexchangerate提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益 enhance economic performance/returns社會(huì)效益 social effect/returns實(shí)現(xiàn)持續(xù)、穩(wěn)定、協(xié)調(diào)的進(jìn)展 bring about sustained， stable and coordinated dev

19、elopment財(cái)政赤字（盈余 ） budget deficit（surplus）外貿(mào)出口總額 gross foreign export value外商直接投資協(xié)議金額 contracted foreign direct investment實(shí)際利用外資 foreign investment in actual use三資企業(yè)(中外合資合作、外商獨(dú)資經(jīng)營(yíng)） three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment:sino-foreign joint venture， contractual joint venture允許外商獨(dú)資經(jīng)營(yíng) allow f

20、ull foreign equity operation優(yōu)待條件 confessional terms; favorable terms減免稅收 tax reduction and exemption合作方式approachestocooperation出資方式 means of contributing investmentcontracttermofajointventureprocessingandcompensationtrades（processingwithmaterials or given samples， assembling supplied components）貿(mào)易伙伴trade partner轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易 transit trade外貿(mào)順差 foreign