高考英語學(xué)習(xí)提升課堂：動詞復(fù)雜在哪里講義

1、高考英語學(xué)習(xí)提升課堂：動詞復(fù)雜在哪里動詞復(fù)雜在哪里？主動、被動，主謂、動賓，時態(tài)、語態(tài)，現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞，邏輯主語、 形式主語術(shù)語太多，分不清、理還亂，怎么辦？我們來用三個“收納盒”幫你理清楚。1、動詞分“及物”、“不及物”。大局部及物動詞的中文釋義，不會造成誤會，比方assume承當(dāng)（我們自 然想到+責(zé)任），pace調(diào)整（+節(jié)奏），arouse激發(fā)（+情緒），leave 離開（+地方）。混亂的源頭，就在于學(xué)習(xí)動詞時，往往忽略了某些“及物動詞” 一一“使 給將把讓令為” 一一這種中文釋義的“話術(shù)”。例如：release將釋放present給呈現(xiàn)establish把建立起admit讓進(jìn)入opp

2、ose使反對involve讓參與entertain 給娛樂extend使延長influence 給影響remind讓想起substitute 用取代leave把留下2、動詞和名詞的關(guān)系分“主謂”、“動賓”直接上例子：The captains exploration concerned everyone.（船長的探險讓每個人擔(dān)憂）exploration和concern是主謂關(guān)系（探險使擔(dān)憂）concern和everyone是動賓關(guān)系（使擔(dān)憂人人）The young couple left their kid alone at home.（這對年輕夫婦把孩子單獨留在家）Couple和leave是主

3、謂關(guān)系（夫婦把留下）Leave和kid是動賓關(guān)系（把留下小孩）關(guān)于“主謂”、“動賓”，可比作物理課講的“物體發(fā)力（主謂關(guān)系）”、“物體受力（動賓關(guān)系）”關(guān)系。動賓關(guān)系，反過來就是“被動”，比方：The kid was left （小孩被留下）3、動詞在句子中的成分。有“謂語（句子核心信息）”、“非謂語（補充定、狀信息）”語法題考查要點，一個焦點：找到這個動詞的“邏輯主語”，判斷它們之間的“主動”還是 “被動”關(guān)系。三個判斷：根據(jù)這個動詞的“邏輯主語”和它的關(guān)系，判斷一一（1 ）如果是謂語動詞：看是否被動語態(tài)After weeks of labor, he was rewarded by the

4、 discovery of the shining ore.及物動詞reward （給一一頒獎）,此處是謂語，邏輯主語he “他被 頒獎”，故用被動語態(tài)。（2）如果是分詞定狀：主動（-ing）還是被動（ed）Perhaps there are not enough players betting on the dog races to create a pool large enough to pay off the winners.及物動詞bet （打賭），此處是非謂語形式做定語，邏輯主語players “玩家打賭”，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。When exposed to stress, in wha

5、tever form, we react both chemically and physically.及物動詞expose （讓一一接觸，使一一暴露在），此處是非謂語形式做狀 語，邏輯主語we “我們被暴露在壓力下”，故用過去分詞。（3）如果是動名詞和不定式：是否需要用“被動式”I need solid evidence and cant allow my official power to be decided by the media.及物動詞decide （決定）,此處為不定式（allowto do結(jié)構(gòu)）,邏輯主語ofRcial power“權(quán)力被媒體決定，故用被動式。Because

6、they shudder at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are annually black-mailed by the designers and the big stores.及物動詞see （看見）,此處為動名詞（think of介詞賓語），邏輯主語they“想到他們被看見”。利用上述方法，完成以下練習(xí)。1 .On September 12, the IUCN its Red List, a list of species at greatest risk o

7、f extinction.A. was released B. wasreleasing C. released D. releasing2.The first question is of medium difficulty. If the test taker answers correctly, the next item will be more difficult.A. is presented B. ispresenting C. presented D. presentingn the present highly commercialized age we of Christm

8、as many weeks before the event.A. are reminded B. arereminding C. reminded D. remindingt is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines orange rather than black or grey.A. are painted B. arepainting C. painted D. paintingn another study

9、of elderly patients, aged over 65,to treatment programs, 70% were women who had overused medicines.A. were admitted B. wereadmitting C. admitted D. admitting.Many parents express their surprise that just a little decoration and abox cover, a bamboo spoon, an eggshell and even the vegetables like tom

10、atoes and cucumbers can become lively toys.A. are involved B. areinvolving C. involved D. involving.A study shows that left is one of the leading critical pre-crash events (an event that made a collision inevitable), occurring in 22.2 percent of crashes, as opposed to 1.2 percent for right turns.A.

11、are turned B. are turning C. turned D. turning.Most men will not admit that they are easily influenced by the women they prefer, because it is in the nature of the male to want as the stronger of the species.A. being recognized B. to recognize C. to berecognized D. recognizing9.Before you know it, t

12、he month has passed, the season has changed and you scratching your head, wondering how to bring meaning back to your career and life.A. are left B. are leaving C. left D. leaving.The argument advanced by those to the death penalty is that it is cruel and inhuman punishment, that it is tile mark of

13、a bad society and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime anyway.A. are opposed B. oppose C. opposed D. opposing.NOT everyone has the courage everything behind to go after their dreams. But British pop singer Amy Pearson chose to make that difficult decision.A. left

14、B. leaving C. to leave D. to be left.We believe that the data and analysis in the volume offer valuableinsight into the issues of poverty and social exclusion in the UK.A. are presented B. arepresenting C. presented D. presentingf the greenhouse effect can be started, the ice caps will melt, water vapour, and the temperature will rise to -40.A. are released B. release C.released D. releasing14.Ilslavery untouched until the Civil War but it put in place arepresentative republic with basic rights for its citizens.A. was left B. was leaving C. left D