高中英語語法填空高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題講解(24張)課件

1、高考英語專題講解語法填空高考英語專題講解語法填空一、考題分析語法填空主要考查考生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用語法的能力。主要考察的是: (1)語法和詞匯的基本知識(shí)；(2)上下文連貫性詞語的選擇；共10小題，每小題1.5分。在一篇200詞左右的短文中留出10個(gè)空白，部分空白的后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生根據(jù)上下文在空白處填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或所給單詞的正確形式。一、考題分析語法填空主要考查考生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用語法的二、命題特點(diǎn)1.命題形式：有不給提示詞和給提示詞兩類，其比例通常為3:7，僅2016年卷為4:6。2.答案詞數(shù)：不給提示詞的純空格只能填1個(gè)英語單詞，而給提示詞的答案可能是1個(gè)詞、2

2、個(gè)詞，也可能是多個(gè)詞。3. 純空格題的考點(diǎn)有：主要是選擇各種詞性的詞匯，比如有冠詞、代詞、連詞、介詞等。4. 給提示詞題的考點(diǎn)：(1) 年年考查謂語動(dòng)詞(包括時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致等)、非謂語動(dòng)詞和詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。(2) 經(jīng)?？疾槊~的復(fù)數(shù)形式、形容詞或副詞的比較等級，尤其是全國卷。二、命題特點(diǎn)1.命題形式：有不給提示詞和給提示詞兩類，其比三、解題技巧1.有提示詞:可填詞性:動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞和副詞。若提示詞為動(dòng)詞則先要進(jìn)行兩個(gè)步驟:(1)將有橫線的部分以句子為單位進(jìn)行劃分。(2)標(biāo)出句子中的動(dòng)詞。a.若句中無謂語動(dòng)詞則需考慮 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 主謂一致例如：三、解題技巧1.有提示詞:可填詞性:動(dòng)詞、名詞、

3、形容詞和副詞It was raining lightly when I _ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.所給動(dòng)詞arrive前是代詞I，這里arrive應(yīng)該是謂語動(dòng)詞，因?yàn)橹骶涞臅r(shí)態(tài)是過去時(shí)態(tài)，因此這里用過去時(shí)態(tài)arrived。若提示詞為名詞，則需考慮：可數(shù)名詞或是不可數(shù)名詞。 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。It was raining lightly when IId skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark

4、 waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _ (painting).該詞前面有限定詞many,因此用復(fù)數(shù)形式paintings。若提示詞為形容詞副詞則需考慮:Id skipped nearby Guilin, a d形容詞修飾名詞。副詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞及整個(gè)句子。形容詞和副詞的比較級。形容詞和副詞的轉(zhuǎn)換。Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is _ (clean) than ever.答案與分析:cle

5、aner, clean是形容詞，后有than,故用比較級。形容詞修飾名詞。Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _ (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house.答案與分析:slowly slow是形容詞，但要修飾動(dòng)詞短語give out ，因此轉(zhuǎn)換為副詞slowly。Walls made of adobe take in th2. 無提示詞: 可填詞性:介詞、代詞、連詞、冠詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。若空格判斷為介詞則需考

6、慮:，介詞的基本意思，例如:with常考的三個(gè)意思: a.和， b.用 ，c.伴隨固定搭配2. 無提示詞: For those who fly to Guilin, its only an hour away _ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.答案與分析:by by car為固定搭配。若空格判斷為代詞則需考慮: 代詞指代往向上文看(同時(shí)要注意主語單復(fù)數(shù)及男、女區(qū)別)。當(dāng)動(dòng)作發(fā)出者和承受者為同一人或物，則使用反身代詞。it做形式主語及形式賓語，并且和可以指天氣，時(shí)間。For those who fly to Gui

7、lin, iLast year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said _ was a wonderful holiday destination.答案與分析:it。第二個(gè)句子中的賓語從句缺主語，這里it代替前文提到過的Miami。若空格判斷為冠詞則需考慮: 定冠詞和不定冠詞的區(qū)別。 a和an的區(qū)別。單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前一定要有冠詞。 固定搭配。Last year, my brother and I weHe owned _ farm, whic

8、h looked almost abandoned.答案與分析:a。名詞farm前應(yīng)該有冠詞，因?yàn)樵谖恼轮械谝淮纬霈F(xiàn)，所以用不定冠詞。若空格判斷為連詞則需考慮:(1)，邏輯連接詞:and, but,or,while(而，卻)，when(就在這個(gè)時(shí)候)等構(gòu)成并列句。當(dāng)句子中出現(xiàn): 句子A,_句子B。(A、B成分完整)句子A_ 句子B (A、B平行)He owned _ farm, which loThere were many people waiting at the bus stop, _ some of them looked very anxious and disappointed.答

9、案與分析:and。There were many people waiting at the bus stop是個(gè)完整的句子，some of them looked very anxious and disappointed.也是個(gè)完整的句子，兩句之間是并列關(guān)系。There were many people waiting(2)從句連接詞:if,unless,before,after,until,although,though,as,since,because,so,so that等構(gòu)成含狀語從句的復(fù)合句who, which, that, when, where, why等構(gòu)成含定語從句的復(fù)合

10、句。(這里要提醒的是往往不給任何提示的空就是填連詞或關(guān)系詞的，但也須結(jié)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)來分析。)that,if/whether(是否)，wh-等構(gòu)成含名詞性從句的復(fù)合句。(2)從句連接詞:句子A，_句子B (句子B 缺往往缺主語、賓語和表語，其中以主語為多)，則為非限制性定語從句。句子A_句子B 或 _句子A，句子B,則為三大從句。_he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong.答案與分析:Although/Though。這里有兩個(gè)句子，_ he thought he could escape at

11、tention by sitting at the back和he was wrong.，且兩個(gè)句子之間沒有分號或句號，根據(jù)句意可知，第一個(gè)句子是讓步狀語從句。句子A，_句子B (句子B 缺往往缺主語、賓語和As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.答案與分析:how。因?yàn)?the Pueblo Indians figured out和.the adobe walls

12、needed to be.是兩套主謂關(guān)系，即兩個(gè)句子，它們之間沒有句號或分號，空格處必定是填連詞;根據(jù)句意，確定填寫連詞how。As natural architects, the PueId skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.答案與分析:that/which，空格后是定語從句。I di

13、dnt understand _ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.答案與分析:whyId skipped nearby Guilin, a d四、語法填空的能力要求1.閱讀/理解語篇的能力 2.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力3.熟練運(yùn)用語法的能力 4.單詞拼寫能力和邏輯推理能力等，對中下層考生來說，難度較大。四、語法填空的能力要求1.閱讀/理解語篇的能力 五、備考策略1.不斷記憶,積累詞匯.語法填空題對單詞提出了比以前更高的要求,它不但要求考生認(rèn)識(shí)單詞,還要求能寫出一些要求的

14、單詞.這就要求考生平時(shí)不斷地記憶單詞,不斷地積累詞匯,千方百計(jì)地把我們的詞匯量提高上去.考試時(shí)才能隨心所欲的寫出單詞,填出固定搭配.2.夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ),學(xué)好語法.五、備考策略1.不斷記憶,積累詞匯.英語的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)瑣碎繁雜,不是一朝一夕就能掌握的,它要求我們平時(shí)多聽,多讀,多記,夯實(shí)自己的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí);我們還要堅(jiān)定不移地加強(qiáng)語法的學(xué)習(xí),尤其是長句,難句,復(fù)雜句的分析.只有這樣,才能為綜合能力的提高打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ).英語的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)瑣碎繁雜,不是一朝一夕就能掌握的,它要求我們平六、專題訓(xùn)練語法填空1. He must be _(mental) disabled.2. His teacher took a dee

15、p drink, smiled_ (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.3. We drank together and talked_ (merry) till far into the night.4. One Sunday morning in August I went to a local musical festival. I left it early because I had an appointment _(late) that day.5. This proverb is saying

16、we have to let things go in their _(nature) course.答案1. mentally 2.warmly 3.merrily 4.later 5.natural六、專題訓(xùn)練語法填空6. But Jane knew from past experience that her _(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.7. Mary felt _(please), because there were many empty seats in the room.8. That would be a ve

17、ry _(reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours, Nick said.9. But such a small thing couldnt_ (possible) destroy a village.答案6.choice7. pleased 8.reasonable 9.possibly6. But Jane knew from past exp10. He spit it out, _(say) it was awful.11. I got on the bus and

18、 found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man _(sit) at the front.12. He suddenly appeared in class one day, _(wear) sun glasses.13. In the beginning, there was only a very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always _(think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.14. While she was getting me_ (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town