高中狀語從句導學案

1、if，unless,incase,onconditionthat,provided(that),supposing,狀語從句思想導圖易考易錯點總結狀從句包括狀從句、地點狀從句、條件狀從句、步狀從句、原因狀從句、目的狀從句和果狀從句。狀從句的考主要集中在接上，特別要重as,until,before,since,when,incase等的各種功能和法功能。詳盡來主要包括：1考狀從句的接。要掌握各個的含及其用法，有它之的區(qū)。如：狀的有while,when，as，assoonas，until，notuntil，before,after,since等；條件狀從句的有suppose(that)等；果狀從句

2、的有sothat(這樣致使于),suchthat(這樣致使于)等。2考固定搭配和用法的接。如：nosoonerthan，hardlywhen，scarcelybefore，themoment/minute，directly。3考不相同性的在不相同的境中所表達的不相同意。如：as既能引狀從句，又能引原因狀從句和步狀從句；where能引地點狀從句和定從句等。4考狀從句的。主要考在、條件、步狀從句中用一般在表將來及用一般去代替去將來的用法。5考狀從句的省略。1在、原因、條件、方式、步等狀從句中，常常省略相同的主或作主的代it以及be，保留在分、去分、介短、不定式等成分。若是從句中有“itis形容”構

3、，也能夠省略itis。6考狀從句、從句、句和并列句的句式構。如：when引狀從句意“當的候”，引從句意“什么候”；if引條件狀從句意“若是”，引從句意“可否”等。一狀含：修_、_、_或_，明作或狀特色的句子成分.二狀從句：在主從復合句中做狀的從句。構：句子+引作狀。如：HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.三狀從句分：狀從句地點狀從句原因狀從句條件狀從句目的狀從句果狀從句方式狀從句比狀從句步狀從句狀從句名常用稱When,while,as,assoonas,hardlywhen,nosoonerthan,scarcely.when,since

4、(自從),once,whenever,before,after,till,until,themoment(theminute,thesecond,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,),bythetime,everytime,eachtime,aslongas(=solongas)地點Where,wherever條件If,unless,once(一旦就),incase(that)（萬一）,solongas(aslongas),onconditionthat,asfaras(sofaras)原因Because,since(既然),nowthat,a

5、s,seeingthat(看到),consideringthat(考到)果Such(a,an)that,sothat,so,sothat,that目的Sothatinorderthat,forfearthat,incase（以防，免得）步Though,although,as,everif=eventhough,whatever,whenever,wherever,however,whichever,whoever,whomever,nomatterwhat,nomatterwhen,nomatterwhere,nomatterhownomatterwhich,nomatterwho,nomat

6、terwhom,whetherornot=whetheror無論not(與否)比Asas,notso/asas,morethan,lessthan方式As,justas,asif=asthough練習題1.WhileIwaswalkingalongthestreet,Ifoundmanybeatifulbuildings()2.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.()3.Nowthat/Sinceeverybodyishere,letsbeginourmeeting.（）4.Illspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.()5.Socle

7、verwashethathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.()6.Aslongasyoudontloseheart,youllsucceed.()7.Tryashemight,hecouldnotfindajob.()8.Theoldladytreatstheboyasifhewerehisownson.()29.HeistallerthanIam.()一.時間狀語從句狀從句常用1）When,while,as,2）assoonas,hardlywhen/before,nosoonerthan,scarcely.when,whenever3）si

8、nce(自從),once,before,after,till,until,4）themoment(theminute,thesecond,theinstant,theday,theyear,）bythetime,everytime,eachtime,nexttime，anytime.thefirsttime,thesecondtime5）immediately,instantly，directly),等來引。比方：Itwasraininghard_Igottoschoolyesterday._hewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang._hewalkedalo

9、ngthelake,hesanghappily.HehadlearnedalittleChinese_hecametoChina._hefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.Hewasill_Isawhim.Nosoonerhadsheheardthenews_hecried.1.接when的用法小1)when可用來引狀從句，意“當的候”從句的能夠_，也能夠是_的。如：_thefilmended,theywentback._Ilivedthere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.2).When常用于以下句式：意“

10、就在那”。如：wasdoingsomethingwhenwasabouttodowhenwasonthepointofdoingsth.whenhaddonewhenwhen能夠表“既然”，如：HowcanIhelpthemtounderstand_theywontlistentome?-填空1.Wewereswimminginthelake_suddenlythestormstarted.Hewasabouttotellmethesecret_someonepattedhimontheshoulder.Hetransplantedthelittletreetothegarden_itwast

11、hebesttimeforit.DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?Yes.Itwasnotyeteightoclock_hearrivedhome.Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal_afamiliarvoicecametohisears.2.接while的用法小while可用來引狀，意“_”；引的作必是_，如：Pleasedonttalksoloud_othersareworking.while作并列，意“_”，表示比。Janewasdressedinbrown_Marywasdressedinblue.while也可用來引步狀，意“_”

12、；相當于_Iadmitthattheproblemsaredifficult,Idontagreethattheycantbesolved.趁的情況趕做,否來不及了3Strike_theironishot.1.ThecostoflivinginGlasgowisamongthelowestinBritain,_thequalityoflifeisprobablyoneofthehighest.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.while2._Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.

13、Unless_itistruethatastudentsmostimportantgoalistodowellinhisorherstudies,itdoesntneedtobetheonlygoal.AwhenBAsCWhileDBefore4.Marymadecoffeeherguestswerefinishingtheirmeal.全(國)A.sothatB.althoughC.whileD.asif3.as用法小1.引狀從句：同生或接著生，作無先后。當候一一隨著2.引原因狀從句：_3.引方式狀從句：_4.引步狀從句：_,必用_5.引比狀從句：asas_6.引定從句：_7.介：_猜，as

14、用法小1.AsIleftthehouse,Iforgotthekey._AsIgetolder,Igetmoreoptimistic._Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent._Astheweatherissobad,wehavetostayhome._Youcandoitasyoulike._Oldasheis,heisstillenergetic._HespeaksEnglishasfluentlyasanativespeaker._4.比while,when,as作用例句asas表示“當的候”，常常和when/while通用，但它重視主句與從句的作或事情同

15、或幾乎同生。(atorduringthetimethat)既能夠表ShecameupasIwascooking.(同)Therunnersstartedasthegunwentoff.(幾乎同)示在某一點的候，又可表示在某when一段內，主句與從句的作或事情能夠同生也能夠先后生。while意思是“當的候”或“在while某一段里”。主句中的作或事Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.(指點)Whenwewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.(在一段內)Pleasedonttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.4情

16、在從句中的作或事情的展Hefellasleepwhile/whenreading.程中生，從句中的一般要Strikewhiletheironishot.(用as或用延性。在when表示awhen不能，里的while意思是periodoftime，兩者能夠互。“趁”)注意事：as,when引短性作的。比方：Justas/Justwhen/WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome我.一剎，有一個人向我走來。當從句的作生于主句作從前，只能用when引個從句，不能用as或while。比方：Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.從

17、句表示隨推移能用as，不用when或while。比方：Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.日子一每天去，天氣越越壞。-用while,when,as填空：_Iwaswalkingdownthestreet,Inoticedapolicecarinfrontofthestore._Johnarrived,Iwascookinglunch._hegrewolder,helostinterestineverythingexceptgardening.Howcanhegetgoodgrades_hewontstudy?(他不好好學卻能得高分，他是怎么做到的？When表示然

18、)Iwaswanderingthroughthestreet_Icaughtsightofatailorsshop._thegrandparentslovethechildren,theyarestrictwiththem.比1.Wewereabouttoleave_itbegantorain.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherson,_,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmyson.HardlyhadIfinishedmycomposition_thebellrang.A.whenB.whileC.asD.during5.引狀從句的接除上述外有：till,

19、until和notuntil1.until/till從句用于必定句，主句的是延性作，意“_”。如：Wewaiteduntil/tillhecame.2用于否定句，主句是非延性，意“_”。如：Hewontgotobeduntilherfatherreturns.3till不能夠夠置于句首，而until能夠。如：UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4notuntil句型中的和倒裝法：ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.Washisfatherverystr

20、ictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim_hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when5(03上海)Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdlistenerscuriosity_hereachestheendofthestory.A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.untilItwasnot_shetookoffherdarkglasses_Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.A.wh

21、en;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then6.接before的小出before含1Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland._2Wehadntrunamilebeforehefelttired._3Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit._4BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme._before的有關句型1）Itwillbe/段before“要多久才”Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry.

22、2）Itwas+段+before從句（作已生）Itwasthreeweeksbeforehecameback3）Itwillnotbelongbefore“不多久就會”Itwontbelongbeforeshecomesback4）Itwasnotlongbefore“不多久就了”如：Itwasntlongbeforeheleftthecountry.5）Itissince如：Itisthreeyearssinceshewasinthearmy.Itisthreeyearssinceshejoinedthearmy.7.since的用法1）.Ihavereturnedhomefourtimes

23、sinceIcamehere.2）.Shehasbeenworkingheresinceheleftschool.3）.Ihaveseenhertwicesincehelivedhere.4）.Itisthreeyearssincethewarbrokeout.5）.ItwasyearssinceIhadseenher.：_：Itis+sometime+since+did.Itwas+sometime+since+haddone.1.Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation_itgotworse.A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.a

24、sScientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears_itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.whenWhydidntyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?Herushedoutoftheroom_Icouldsayaword.A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after6Itisalmostfiveyears_wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.Because比Itwillbeyears_we

25、meetagain.Itistenyears_Icametothistown.Itistenyearsago_Icametothistown.A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since8.hardly/scarcelyWhen/before就”，once(一旦).若是hardly倒裝。nosoonerthan,assoon表as示“一nosooner或scarcely置于句首，句子必Hardly/scarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain._Ihavefinishedit,Illgiveyouacall._youshowanyfear,hewillat

26、tackyou.Wehadhardlygotintothecountry_itbegantorain.=_whenitbegantorain.用部分倒裝)Nosoonerhadhearrived/Hehadnosoonerarrived_shestartedcomplaining.9.directly,immediately,instantly,themoment,theminute一就Hemadeforthedoor_heheardtheknock.10.一些含有time的名短，如thefirst/second/lasttime,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,byt

27、hetime等，也可引狀從句。ThefirsttimeIdrovethecar,Ifeltverynervous.Nexttimeyoucome,pleasebringyourcomposition.注意：表示將來情況，主句用將來，從句用在。在和條件從句中，主句是一般將來，從句平時用一般在表示一般將來也許用在完成表示將來完成。e.g.Wellgooutingifitdoesntraintomorrow.IllwritetoyouassoonasIgettoShanghai.Dontgetoffthebusuntilthebushasstopped.DidyouremembertogiveMar

28、ythemoneyyouowedher?Yes.Igaveittoher_Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.although2.Ithoughtherniceandhonest_Imether.A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime3._enteredtheofficewhenherealizedthathehadforgottenhisreport.A.HehardlyhadB.HadhehardlyC.HardlyhadheD.Hardlyhehad二.條件狀語從句引狀從

29、句的接有:7If“若是”,unless相當于ifnot“除非，若是不”,as/solongas只要,incase假,若是,provided/providing(that),若是Suppose/supposing(that),若是,onconditionthat條件是As(so)faras-據所知given(that),于、考1.if“若是”，表示正面的條件.“祈使句+and(or)+述句”在意思上相當于一個有條件狀從句的復合句。比方：Hurryup,oryoullbelate.=Ifyoudonthurryup,youllbelate.Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexa

30、m.=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.Ifyouworkharder,youwillsucceed.Workharder,_youwillsucceed.Workharder,_youwontsucceed._harder,youwillsucceed.onconditionthat,suppose(that),supposing(that)(若是)incase(萬一),provided(that),providing(that)若是)等也可引條件狀從句。e.g.Youmayborrowthebook,_thatyoudonotlendittoothers.

31、_(that)Idonthaveadayoff,whatshall？wedo_(that)thereisnoopposition,Iwillactastherepresentativeofourschool.1._Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.A.BecauseB.AsfarasC.IfD.Evenif2.IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctors_Ihavetowait.AincaseBsothatCinorderDasif三.退步狀語從句引有though,al

32、though，eventhough,evenif,as(倒裝),while(盡管)whoever,whatever,however,nomatter=what/when/who/how,whetheroretc.1）though,although引的步狀從句，后邊的從句不能夠有_，但是可和(and)yet可用。比方：Althoughitsraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.Heisveryold,buthestillworksveryhard.Thoughthesoremaybehealed,yetascarmayremain.口愈合，但疤留下了。2）a

33、s引的步從句必表或狀提前（形容、副、分、提前）。比方：Childashewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Though也能夠用于倒裝，但其可倒裝可不倒裝。Childthoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.3）everif,eventhough即使。比方：Wellmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.4）whetheror無論都。比方：Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.5）nomatter+疑或疑+后ever。比方：Nomatterwhathappe

34、ned,hewouldnotmind.=Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.8替nomatterwhat=whatevernomatterwho=whoevernomatterwhen=whenevernomatterwhere=wherevernomatterwhich=whichevernomatterhow=however（+形容/副+主+）注意：nomatter不能夠引主從句和從句。6)while也可一代步狀從句，意思是“盡管”Iadmithisgoodpoints,Icanseehisshortcomings.1._Iacceptthatheisnotpe

35、rfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless2.Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,_theyaredifferentfromyourown.A.untilB.evenifC.unlessD.asthough3.Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,_difficultitwas.A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverDalthough4.Theoldtowermustbesaved,_thecost.AhoweverBwh

36、ateverCwhicheverDwherever5.EnglishandFrencharetaughthere.Youcanchoose_youlike.A.nomatterwhichB.whicheverD.Whatever比Hewouldhavealookatthebookstores_hewenttotown.Wedecidetofinishtheworkontime,_happens.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,weovercomeanydifficulty,_greatitis.Illgivethebookto_likesEnglish.A.wheneverB.

37、WhoeverC.whateverD.however四結果狀語從句1.果狀從句常由sothat,sothat或suchthat引。sothat與suchthat之能夠。比方：Theboyissoyoungthathecantgotoschool.=HeissuchayoungboythathecantgotoschoolThereisnotmuchnoiseheresothatIfeelverycomfortable.2.sothat,suchthat的區(qū)：So副，修形容或副，不能夠修名；such是形容，用來修名。常構有：2)such+a+adj名+thatclausesuch+（adj）+名

38、復數3)so+adj./adv.+thatclause4)so+many/few+復數名+thatclausemuch/little（少）+不能數名is_anhonestworkerthatweallbelievehim.(=Mikeis_honestanworkerthatweallbelievehim).Itis_goodweatherthatweallwanttogoout.Heearned_littlemoneythathecouldntsupporthimself.9Itsnotsurprisingthat_littlechildcanmanageit.注意：sothat表示目的和果

39、的區(qū)：目的狀從句常含有can/could/may/might/will/would等情。Theysetoutearlysothattheymightarriveintime.（_）Theysetoutearlysothattheyarrivedintime（._）五.原因狀語從句引有because,since,nowthat,(既然)as和for比because,since,as和for：1）because最，用來明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的。當原因是而易的或已人所知，就用as或since。比方：Ididntgo,becauseIwasafraid.Since/Astheweatheri

40、ssobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.2）由because引的從句若是放在句末，且前面有逗號，能夠用for來代替。但若是不是明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for。比方：Heisabsenttoday,because/forheisill.Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.3)since表示方已知，無需加以明的原因或事，氣比because弱。Illdoitforyousinceyouarebusy.4）nowthat意“既然”，與since同，但更突出事自己。NowthatIamwellagain,Icangoonwithmywor

41、k.5）as表示的常常是十分明的原因，聽者也許已知道或能夠看出來，氣弱，比口化。Asyouobject,Illchangemyplan.六.目的狀語從句表示目的狀的從句能夠由sothat,inorderthat,lest（以防，免得，免得）,forfearthat（以防，免得，免得）,incase（以防，免得，免得）等引。比方：Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.你必大點聲，人就能聽了。Hewrotethenamedownforfearthat（lest）heshouldforgetit.他寫下了個名字免得今后忘。注意：

42、a.目的狀從句常含有can/could/may/might/will/would等情。b.接“incase，lest，forfearthat”能夠用來引虛氣。其形式平時：“l(fā)est（incase，forfearthat）+主+should+原形”。Lest，forfearthat句中的should能夠省去，incase句中的should平時不省去，但是incase句中能夠不用虛氣，而用述氣。Lest，forfearthat后邊也能夠接其他形式。比方：Hetookhiscoatwithhimincaseitshouldrain他.著雨衣以防下雨。Iwillnotmakeanoiseforfear

43、thatI（should/might）disturbyou.我不會做聲的，免得打你。Caremustbetakeninusingthismethodlestoverflow（should）occur.10在使用以方法的候要慎小心，免得生溢流象。七.比較狀語從句比狀從句平時由asas,notas/soas,than,themorethemore引。1)as/soase.gTomisastallasJohn.Tomisnotso/astallasJohn.注意：asas既能夠用于必定句又能夠用于否定句;soas只用于否定句。2)thane.gHerunsfasterthanI(run).3）the

44、morethemoree.gTheharderhetries,thebetterresulthewillget.八.方式狀語從句方式狀從句平時由asif,;asthough;as,;（just）as,so,引。1）as,（just）asso引的方式狀從句平時位于主句后，但在（just）asso構中位于句首，as從句有比的含，意思是正如，就像，多用于正式文體。比方：Alwaysdototheothersasyouwouldbedoneby.你希望人家怎待你，你就要怎待人。Aswateristofish,soairistoman.Justaswesweepourrooms,soweshouldsw

45、eepbackwardideasfromourminds.2）asif,asthough兩者的意和用法相同，引出的狀從句多用虛氣，表示與事相反，有也用述氣，表示所情況是事或的可能性大。常作憂如似的，憂如似的。比方：Theycompletelyignorethesefactsasif（asthough）theyneverexisted.他完好忽略了些事，就憂如它不存在似的。（與事相反，用虛氣。）Helooksasif（asthough）hehadbeenhitbylighting.他那子就像被雷了似的。（與事相反，用虛氣。）Itlooksasiftheweathermaypickupveryso

46、on.看來天氣很快就會好起來。（的可能性大，用述氣。）明：asif/asthough也能夠引一個分短、不定式短或無短。比方：Hestaredatmeasifseeingmeforfirsttime.他目不睛地看著我，就像第一次看我似的。Heclearedhisthroatasiftosaysomething.他清了清嗓子，像要什么似的。Thewavesdashedontherocksasifinanger波.濤沖著巖石，憂如很怒九地點狀語從句地點狀從句平時由where,wherever引。比方：11WhereIlivethereareplentyoftrees.我住的地方很多。Wherever

47、IamIwillbethinkingofyou.無論我在哪里我都會想到你。Gowhereyoulike.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.注意：沒有先行（區(qū)于定從句）Headvisemetolive_theairisfresher.A.inwhichB.whatC.whereD.whenHeadvisemetoliveinaplace_theairisfresher.A.inwhichB.whatC.thatD.whichAfterthewar，anewschoolbuildingwasputup_therehadoncebeenatheater.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when-DontlookdownuponBob.Hehashisownadvantages.Oh,yes._othersareweak,heisstrong.A.IfB.WhenC.WhereD.Th