語法-過去分詞做補(bǔ)語課件

1、The Past Participles as the object complement（過去分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語）Unit 2 GrammarThe Past Participles as the o寫出下列動詞的過去式和過去分詞寫出下列動詞的過去式和過去分詞choosecutpayflybringfindsellbeatbiterobholdrisechosencutpaidflownbroughtfoundsoldbeatenbittenrobbedheldrisenchosecutpaidflewbroughtfoundsoldbeatbitrobbedheldrosechoosecho

2、senchose作賓語補(bǔ)足語的過去分詞與賓語之間的關(guān)系 及物動詞（短語）的過去分詞用作賓語補(bǔ)足語時，賓語即是過去分詞的邏輯賓語，賓語和過去分詞之間存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系。例如：I want the letter posted. 我想把這封信寄出去。 作賓語補(bǔ)足語的過去分詞與賓語之間的關(guān)系 及物動詞（短語）的過2. 少數(shù)不及物動詞如 go, change, fall 等的過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時，僅表示動作完成。因此，賓語與過去分詞之間不存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系。例如： She found her necklace gone on her way home. 在回家的路上，她發(fā)現(xiàn)項鏈不見了。2. 少數(shù)不

3、及物動詞如 go, change, fall 等3. 動詞 seat, hide, dress 等的過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語一般表示狀態(tài)而不表示被動的意義，因此，雖然賓語與它們存在邏輯上的主動關(guān)系，但也只能用它們的過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如：When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner. 我進(jìn)來時，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生的女孩坐在角落里。3. 動詞 seat, hide, dress 等的過去分詞使役動詞get ,have ,make, keep，leave等后，可用過去分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語，表：“致使某人或某事被”We should k

4、eep them informed of what is going on here.Jane got her bad tooth _ out at the dentists.需用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的情況 pulled牙醫(yī)使役動詞get ,have ,make, keep，leavrepairI had my recorder repaired. 仿寫sb have sth done修理repairI had my recorder repairHe had his foot injured.injure受傷He had his foot injured.injureHe got his l

5、eg injured.He got his glasses broken.He got his camera damaged.get sth doneHe got his leg injured.He got 2 .感官動詞feel, find, hear,notice,see,watch等表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞之后，表：“感受到、發(fā)現(xiàn)、聽到、看到某人或某事被做”。He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down.2 .感官動詞feel, find, hear,noticeFill in the blanks.I heard so

6、meone _me. I heard my name_. I found Tom _ the window.I found the window _callingcalledbreakbroken.callbreakFill in the blanks.I heard somI saw him _beatbeaten by his mother.motherI saw him _I saw _bitehim bitten by a dog.I saw _bI saw_knock downhim knocked down by a car.I saw_knoI saw _robhim robbe

7、d by a man.I saw _robhimI saw him _taken to the hospital.I saw him _taI saw him beaten by his mother.I saw him bitten by a dog.I saw him robbed by a man.I saw him knocked down by a car.I saw him taken to the hospital.read aloudI saw him beaten by his mother3. 表示“意欲；命令”的動詞如 ：like,order,want,wish,相當(dāng)于過

8、去分詞短語前省略了to be ，表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做”I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as possible. 我希望能盡快把這些信件打出來。The father wants his daughter _ (teach) the piano. 這位父親想要找人教他女兒彈鋼琴。taught3. 表示“意欲；命令”的動詞如 ：like,order,w4.有時過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)可以變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，這時過去分詞改作主語補(bǔ)足語，說明主語所處的狀態(tài)We found the door broken. The door was found broken

9、.She found her bag stolen when she woke up. Her bag was found stolen when she woke up.4.有時過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)可以變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，這時過去分詞改作主語5.“with 賓語過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞用作介詞 with 的賓語補(bǔ)足語。這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。 例如：The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.兇手被帶進(jìn)來了，他的雙手被綁在背后。（表方式）5.“with 賓語過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞用作介詞

10、 With water_ (heat), we can see the steam. 水一被加熱，我們就會看到水蒸氣。（表條件） With the matter_ (settle), we all went home.事情得到解決，我們都回家了。（表原因） heatedsettledWith water_ (heat), we c注意：在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)賓語為某一身體部位，且作賓補(bǔ)的動詞是及物動詞時，身體部位通常是過去分詞的邏輯賓語，因而過去分詞不可換用現(xiàn)在分詞。 She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前

11、，眼睛注視著他（ fix ones eyes on 為固定短語，因此，不可將句中 fixed 換為 fixing ） He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.他仍然舉著手站了一會兒?！皐ith 賓語過去分詞”注意：在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)賓語為某一身體部位，且作賓補(bǔ)的動詞是及當(dāng)用某些不及物動詞的分詞形式作身體部位的賓補(bǔ)時，用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。She felt her heart beating fast. 她覺得心跳很快。（beat 意為“心跳”，是不及物動詞） 當(dāng)用某些不及物動詞的分詞形式作身體部位的賓補(bǔ)時，用現(xiàn)在分詞的6.過去分詞與不定式

12、,現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別:三者與賓語邏輯上都是主謂關(guān)系，但過去分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)他們之間的被動關(guān)系，不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)動作發(fā)生的全過程，現(xiàn)在分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)他們之間的主動關(guān)系，正在進(jìn)行。6.過去分詞與不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)的(全過程) I saw her _ (come) into the classroom.I saw her _ (come) into the classroom.I saw her _ (take) out of the classroom.takencomecoming(正在進(jìn)行) (全過程) I saw her _ (come) ExerciseExercise1. When I came ba

13、ck to my village ten years later, I found it completely _ (change).2. I want him _ (finish) the homework in time.3. My father had had the house _ (paint) before we moved in.4. The end of the story left me _ (puzzle).5. I turned around because I heard someone _ (speak) my hometown dialect.6. What he

14、had said made me _ (surprise). changedto finishpaintedpuzzledspeak / speakingsurprised1. When I came back to my vill7. Tom, did you see anyone _ (go) out of the classroom? 8. They encouraged her _ (try) again. 9. The little girl felt someone _ (pat) her on the shoulder. 10. When we returned to the s

15、chool, we found a stranger _ (stand) at the entrance. 11. The doctor warned him _ (not eat) food after the operation. 12. I want you to keep me _ (inform) of how things are going with you. go / goingto trypatstandingnot to eatinformed7. Tom, did you see anyone _1. 書一有貨，我就通知你。Ill keep you _ the the _

16、book is available.2. 他醒來結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)他的汽車被偷了。He woke up _to find his car_.3. 在這個發(fā)達(dá)的國家里，你很少聽到有人講臟活。You seldom hear rude words _ in this _ rmedmoment / instant/ minuteonly stolenspokendeveloped1. 書一有貨，我就通知你。informedmoment /4. 他提高嗓音以便別人能夠聽見他。He raised his voice so as to _ himself_.5. 他匆忙離開家，留下很多事沒做。

17、He left home in a hurry, _many things_.6. 回來時，他很驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)房間被徹底的打掃了，一切都布置得井井有條。On his return, he was very _to find his room thoroughly _and everything _in good order.makeheardleavingundonesurprised cleanedarranged4. 他提高嗓音以便別人能夠聽見他。makeheardlea7. 明天我將請人把門油漆一下。Ill _ my door _tomorrow.8. 人們正在熱烈討論我們希望能夠盡快實施的工程。The project we would like to see _out as soon as possible is under _discussion. 9. 老師手里拿著一