Wine Studies葡萄酒研究課件：7-France-1 Bordeaux

1、 Wine StudiesSession 7:FranceBordeaux & BurgundyFine wine (BLICT)Balance 平衡Long finish 回味長Intensity 濃郁度，集中度Complex 香氣復雜. Typical 能代表風土酒香的層次Flavor from Grape第一層葡萄品種本身帶來的水果香氣與花香Flavor from production第二層來自生產過程的香氣 （乳酸發(fā)酵？橡木桶發(fā)酵？）堅果，黃油，酵母，奶油，餅干，香草，椰子Flavor from aging- 第三層：來自（橡木或瓶中陳年的香氣）蘑菇、野味？濕樹葉？農場？咖啡？焦糖？巧

2、克力？France 法國產區(qū)The best wine producing country.最優(yōu)異的葡萄酒生產國產量最多頂級酒莊最多葡萄品種的原產地影響全球最深波爾多風格勃艮第風格Wine producing regions 產區(qū)Bordeaux 波爾多Burgundy 勃艮第Champagne 香檳Rhone 羅納河谷Alsace 阿爾薩斯Loire 盧瓦河谷BORDEAUX 波爾多The biggest fine wine region of France.法國最大的優(yōu)質葡萄酒產區(qū)面積：11萬+公頃酒莊：8000 +產量： 8億瓶/年 Climate 氣候Moderate marine c

3、limate溫和的海洋性氣候北緯45度北大西洋的墨西哥暖流調節(jié)溫暖漫長的生長期適合晚熟的赤霞珠品種：需要更長時間成熟潮濕，降雨量900mm秋季采收的時候可能下雨，年份之分酒莊技術Viticulture 種植Bordeaux mixture波爾多液Canopy management 樹冠管理釀造果粒篩選機，乳酸發(fā)酵技術(MLF)Destem 去梗Oak 使用橡木桶（紅，白，甜酒）品質要求高（正牌，副牌）BORDEAUX4430N45N4530NBordeaux ACN 0 10 20 Km0 10 MilesC O G N A CBergeracMedocPauillacHaut-MedocMa

4、rgauxPessac-LeognanSAUTERNESGravesGirondeA T L A N T I O C E A NR. DordogneR. GaronnePomerolSt. EmilionLibourne4530N45N4430NBORDEAUXSOIL TYPE 土壤左岸Gravel礫石 2-64mm Cabernet Sauvignon右岸limestone, clay 覆蓋粘土的石灰石 MerlotGrapes of BordeauxRedCabernet SauvignonMerlotCabernet FrancWhiteSemillonSauvignon Blanc

5、MuscadelleBORDEAUX波爾多最著名的四個優(yōu)質紅酒產區(qū)美多克（Medoc）格拉芙（Graves）圣艾美?。⊿t. Emilion）波美侯（Pomerol）BORDEAUX4430N45N4530NBordeaux ACN 0 10 20 Km0 10 MilesC O G N A CBergeracMedocPauillacHaut-MedocMargauxPessac-LeognanSAUTERNESGravesGirondeA T L A N T I O C E A NR. DordogneR. GaronnePomerolSt. EmilionLibourne4530N45N

6、4430NBORDEAUX法定產區(qū) AOCAppellation dOrigine Contrle (AOC) 原產地控制(origin 可大可小)代表高等級的葡萄酒品種 variety密度 density產量 yield成熟度 maturity法國分級制度AOPIGPVin de France2009年以前2009年以后原產地保護地理保護允許多產區(qū)葡萄品種命名Bordeaux; Important labelling termsChateau： 酒莊裝瓶, 本地葡萄，本酒莊制造Superieur: 酒精含量略高Grand Vin： 無法定意義,酒莊好酒Grand Cru Classe 185

7、5年設立，61座酒莊分五級第一級為 Premier Grand Cru ClasseCru Bourgeois （布爾喬亞）中級酒莊 Bordeaux; Important labelling termsGrand Cru Classe 第一級(Premier Grand Cru)Chateau Lafite-Rothschild （拉菲）Chateau Latour （拉圖）Chateau Margaux （瑪歌）Chateau Haut-Brion （奧比昂）Chateau Mouton-Rothschild （木桐）（1973年木桐由二級晉升為一級）Bordeaux; Important

8、 labelling termsGrand Cru Classe 第一級Chateau Lafite-Rothschild - PauillacChateau Latour - PauillacChateau Margaux - MargauxChateau Haut-Brion - GravesChateau Mouton-Rothschild - PauillacBordeaux; Important labelling termsAppellation Bordeaux ControleeChateau： 酒莊裝瓶Bordeaux AC red and dry 平衡，濃郁Bordeaux

9、; Important labelling termsAppellation Bordeaux Superieur ControleeSuperieur: 酒精含量略高較濃郁飽滿適合陳年BordeauxAppellation Medoc ControleeMedoc AC Haut-Medoc AC 醇厚，復雜 Cru Bourgeois （布爾喬亞）中級酒莊Bordeaux; Important labelling termsAppellation Margaux ControleePremierGrand Cru Classe列級酒莊（一級） 將優(yōu)雅與強勁，細致與濃厚以非常巧妙的姿態(tài)結合在

10、一起，而且非常的耐久BORDEAUX4430N45N4530NBordeaux ACN 0 10 20 Km0 10 MilesC O G N A CBergeracMedocPauillacHaut-MedocMargauxPessac-LeognanSAUTERNESGravesGirondeA T L A N T I O C E A NR. DordogneR. GaronnePomerolSt. EmilionLibourne4530N45N4430NBORDEAUXGRAVESGraves (red and dry white wines) Graves AC Pessac-Leog

11、inan AC a superior part of GravesCru Classe: the best chateaux (all lie within the Pessac-Leognan AC) SAUTERNES （蘇特恩，蘇玳）Sauternes Semillon Sauvignon Blanc MuscadelleThe AC heremade from grapes affected by noble rot (fungus)SAINT-EMILIONSaint-Emilionred wines only 只有紅葡萄酒Merlot-dominated in the blends

12、 梅洛為主soft, easy-to-drink wine 柔軟易飲分級Saint-Emilion AC Saint-Emilion Grand Cru ACa wine of superior quality BORDEAUX4430N45N4530NBordeaux ACN 0 10 20 Km0 10 MilesC O G N A CBergeracMedocPauillacHaut-MedocMargauxPessac-LeognanSAUTERNESGravesGirondeA T L A N T I O C E A NR. DordogneR. GaronnePomerolSt.

13、EmilionLibourne4530N45N4430NBORDEAUXPOMEROL （波美侯）四大產區(qū)中最小的區(qū)域不少稀世之珍酒莊：200微型氣候（Micro Climate）土壤（Terroir）小莊園的精工細致POMEROL （波美侯）MerlotPomerol (red wines only) Pomerol ACPOMEROL （波美侯）Chateaux Petrus （柏翠莊）POMEROL （波美侯）Chateaux Le Pin （樂龐莊）POMEROL （波美侯）The most important estatesChateaux Petrus 柏翠莊The greates

14、t Merlot of the world酒色深濃，氣味芳香充實酒體平衡，細致又豐厚，有成熟黑加侖子、洋梨、巧克力、牛奶、松露及多種橡木等香味。其味覺十分寬廣，盡顯酒中王者個性。從品質還是價格都凌駕于其他波爾多酒王而成為名副其實的酒王之王。POMEROL （波美侯）The most important estatesChateaux Petrus （柏翠莊）& Le Pin （樂龐）The greatest Merlot of the world種植密度低，每棵葡萄樹只限幾串葡萄，確保濃度。樹齡都40-90年采用全新的橡木桶1-2年陳釀每三個月換一次桶Wine producing region

15、sBordeauxBurgundyBurgundysituated in central France, long & narrowincludes Chablis to the North down to Beaujolais to the SouthN0 20 40 Km0 20 Miles46N47N48N48N47N46NAuxerreBeauneMconLYONChablisCte de Nuits Cte de BeauneMconnaisBeaujolaisA6R. RhneR. SoneR. SoneTerroir : climate典型的大陸性氣候冬季干燥寒冷春季伴有霜害夏秋

16、雖溫和，但常有冰雹地處法國中央山脈，緯度極高葡萄園大都處在面向南部或東南方向的緩緩山坡上，較好地抵抗了霜凍害，避免了西北風侵襲，并有效地利用太陽的光熱 SOIL TYPEVaries between the districts Cote dOr limestone, clay & marl石灰石，粘土 & 泥灰土GRAPE VARIETIESRedPinot Noir Elegant, & high acidityWhiteChardonnay classic white in BurgundyAge well, with fine bouquet （酒香） & depth of flavou

17、rBURGUNDYFragmented by a lot of small parts of famous vineyards is split up into over 1000 separate plots小氣候的復雜性和多樣性 CLIMATS 產量是波爾多的1/4BURGUNDYDomaine 酒莊a domaine is a producer that makes wine exclusively from grapes grown in their own vineyards. They do not buy in grapes, juice, or finished wines t

18、o sell under their own name.BurgundyChablisCote dOr (黃金坡)Maconnais （馬孔內）Beaujolais （博若萊）N0 20 40 Km0 20 Miles46N47N48N48N47N46NAuxerreBeauneMconLYONChablisCte de Nuits Cte de BeauneMconnaisBeaujolaisA6R. RhneR. SoneR. SoneCte DeOrBurgundy: Important labelling termsVillagesPremier CruGrand CruClassic

19、 Pinot NoirCote dOr (黃金坡):Cote de NuitsCote de Beaune110平方公里的土地上有27個大小不等的群落32 個 Grands Crus和375個Premiers Crus 葡萄園N0 20 40 Km0 20 Miles46N47N48N48N47N46NAuxerreBeauneMconLYONChablisCte de Nuits Cte de BeauneMconnaisBeaujolaisA6R. RhneR. SoneR. SoneBeaunePommardGevrey-Chambertin Nuits-Saint-GeorgesCla

20、ssic Pinot NoirCote dOr (黃金坡):Cote de NuitsLe Romanee-Conti (DRC）羅曼尼康帝most powerful 強勁Complex， concentration復雜，集中輕盈靈動Burgundy- ChardonnayChablisBone-dry, high acidity, mineralCote dOr (黃金坡):Cote de Beaune (伯恩坡)Meursault 默爾索Puligny-Montrachet 普利尼-蒙哈謝Maconnais （馬孔內）Pouilly-Fuisse普伊-芙賽N0 20 40 Km0 20 Miles46N47N48N48N47N46NAuxerreMconLYONChablisCte de Nuits Cte de BeauneMconnaisBeaujolaisA6R. RhneR. SoneR. SoneMeursaultPuligny-MontrachetPuilly-FuissBEAUJOLAIS ACs include:Beaujolais AC 博若萊大產區(qū)酒Beaujolais Nouveau ACreleased in the November following the h