英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)教案設(shè)計(jì)

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)教案設(shè)計(jì)魯班鎮(zhèn)幸福學(xué)校 張勇現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)：（一）知識(shí)目標(biāo)：1. 掌握現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)這一語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目，即have/has + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞。2. 掌握利用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)來(lái)談?wù)撨^(guò)去的經(jīng)歷這一語(yǔ)言功能目標(biāo)。3.學(xué)會(huì)區(qū)別一般過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)在時(shí)間上的不同。（二）能力目標(biāo)：1. 培養(yǎng)學(xué)生能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)談?wù)撟约哼^(guò)去的經(jīng)歷，能夠正確地運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。2. 培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，開拓學(xué)生的視野，增強(qiáng)學(xué)生對(duì)外界知識(shí)的了解。3. 結(jié)合教材內(nèi)容，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的閱讀能力。（三）情感教育目標(biāo)：1. 使學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)中學(xué)會(huì)交流、合作，增強(qiáng)英語(yǔ)的重要性意識(shí)和未來(lái)的職業(yè)意識(shí)、世界意識(shí)。2. 使學(xué)生通過(guò)閱讀交

2、流，獲得閱讀的快樂(lè)、促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)成就感。3. 引導(dǎo)學(xué)生觀察、思考，促進(jìn)認(rèn)識(shí)能力的發(fā)展。二、教學(xué)步驟：(一）導(dǎo)入介紹現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，分析現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)以及基本用法。如：構(gòu)成:have/ has + done (過(guò)去分詞)肯定式：I（You）have studied. He(She, It) has studied. We(You,They) have studied. 否定式: I(You) have not/havent studied. He(She,It)has not/hasnt studied.We(You,They) have not/ havent studied.疑問(wèn)式：Have

3、I( you ) studied? Yes, you (I) have. No,you (I) havent.Has he (she,it) studied? Yes,he(she,it) has. No,he(she,it) hasnt.Have we(you,they) studied? Y es, you (we,they) have. No,you (we,they) havent.（二）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法1.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。- Its so dark. -Someone has turned off the light.(有人剛把燈關(guān)了,對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是:

4、現(xiàn)在很黑)- Are you free? -I have finished my homework. I am free(我已經(jīng)完成了家庭作業(yè),對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是很有空)2.表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始, 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).常與since + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for + 一段時(shí)間，so far 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已經(jīng)學(xué)了10多年的英語(yǔ)。(從10年前開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還在學(xué))She has swum since half an hour ago.我已經(jīng)游泳了半個(gè)小時(shí)(半個(gè)小時(shí)前已經(jīng)開始游泳,到現(xiàn)在還在游)（三）現(xiàn)在

5、完成時(shí)中的標(biāo)志性詞匯常與already, yet, ever, never, just, before,up to now, so far, for the last few weeks these days,since for a long time 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用（四）短暫性動(dòng)詞及延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在英語(yǔ)中，一些瞬間性動(dòng)詞在用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的“用法2”時(shí)，應(yīng)該把他們變成延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)或表可延續(xù)狀態(tài)的形容詞，下面給大家提供一些變換，僅供參考。borrow- keep leave-be away start/begin-be on buy-have die - be dead join- be a

6、member of come/go-be in等。（五）與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)都是說(shuō)過(guò)去的事情，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)注意的不是事情本身，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)事情與現(xiàn)在保持的某種密切聯(lián)系（如現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果，影響,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在等）;而一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則只講述發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作和事情與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有關(guān)系。eg：He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已經(jīng)買了一本英漢字典。He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾買過(guò)一本英漢字典。第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)，想表達(dá)意為：“He bought an English-Chin

7、ese dictionary. And he still has it” “過(guò)去他買了一本英漢字典，現(xiàn)在他還有這本字典” 。第二句用過(guò)去時(shí)只敘述過(guò)去他買過(guò)一本英漢字典這一事實(shí)，至于現(xiàn)在他是否有這本字典并未強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)明。常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用的典型的表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ):yesterday(昨天),the day before yesterday(前天)just now(剛才)，時(shí)間+ ago, last +時(shí)間 等;eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago. We finished our task last week .（六）have been and have g

8、onehave been to/ have gone to 的區(qū)別have/has been to 指 “去過(guò)某地” (表示主語(yǔ)曾“去過(guò)某地”,但現(xiàn)在已離開)。have/has gone to 指 “去了某地” (表示主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在“去了某地”, 不在說(shuō)話地點(diǎn)).: Have you ever been to Hainan? 你去過(guò)海南嗎?We have been to the city twice. 我們?nèi)ミ^(guò)那個(gè)城市兩次。Where is Lily? She is not here. She has gone to the library.Lily在哪里？她不在這里，她去圖書館了。（七）當(dāng)堂訓(xùn)練( )ve never seen such a wonderful film before, _?A. havent you B. have you C. do you D. dont you( ) 2. I have watched the game.When _ you _ it?A. have; watched B. do; watch C. did ;watch D. will; watch( )3. Mr. Green _ in China since five years ago.A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is