完形填空解題技巧名師優(yōu)質(zhì)課賽課一等獎市公開課獲獎?wù)n件

完形填空技巧訓(xùn)練

第1頁完形填空命題特點(diǎn)：1.短文長度300詞左右，記敘文、說明文和議論文為主。記敘文故事情節(jié)多有波折，結(jié)果出乎意料，是幽默所在；議論文結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)層次分明，有很多對仗現(xiàn)象。2.首句無空格，提供語境。5-10詞設(shè)一空，人名、地名、日期、數(shù)字不在之列。3.選項多為一詞，偶會為詞組。四選項為同一類詞或?qū)偻环秶蚪x或形異義，或與前后配成詞組。故干擾性、迷性大。有時單獨(dú)看一句話語法都是正確，但依據(jù)上下文只有一個正確答案。第2頁4.考查單詞以實(shí)詞(v,n,adj,adv,pron.)為主，虛詞(conj.,prep.)為輔。實(shí)詞普通占80%-90%。5.以考查學(xué)生對文章整體了解（篇章邏輯題）和詞匯意義（詞匯題）把握為主。有些要結(jié)合常識才能正確選項；有些甚至要求在通篇了解基礎(chǔ)上，正確把握上下文邏輯關(guān)系，才能正確判斷和選擇。6.有些空格答案由上文決定（前置性設(shè)空），有些由后文決定（后置性設(shè)空），有些要綜合上下文才能得到答案（語篇性設(shè)空），以后置性設(shè)空為主。第3頁英語完形填空解題步驟速覽全文，把握大意。細(xì)讀首句，摸清文路。瞻前顧后，準(zhǔn)確選擇。復(fù)核全文，調(diào)整答案。做完形填空必須讀懂文章，前后邏輯一致；完形填空每個小題正確答案都是有充分依據(jù)，能夠在文章匯總找到詳細(xì)突破口也就是信息點(diǎn)。解題時應(yīng)聯(lián)絡(luò)上下文尋找相關(guān)線索，如某一個詞原詞、指代詞、同義詞、近義詞、上義詞、下義詞和概括詞等?！?mins≈10mins≈2mins≈1mins第4頁答題方法：1）擇優(yōu)法：依據(jù)文章及結(jié)構(gòu)邊讀邊填，假如能夠立刻判定最正確答案，無須再去逐一考證其余答案。2）排除法：如答案一時難以確定，可按空格位置，從語法結(jié)構(gòu)、詞語搭配、上下文語境、習(xí)慣使用方法、詞義辨析等方面，對選項逐項分析試填。排除干擾項，從而確定正確答案。第5頁Herearesome

Basicskillsof

cloze第6頁Skill1:Highlightthefirstsentenceorparagragh.(重視首句或伎倆，推測主旨大意。)

IfyouhavenotalreadybeentoMorocco,Iurgeyoutoputitnextonyourlist.Africa21aworldcompletelydifferenttothatofEurope,22awarmer,morefragrantandmorecolorfulone!Productsarecheapbutthe23isnot.Whatdoesthefirstsentencetellus?Theauthorencourages

peopletoMoroccototravel.Whatdoyouknowfromthefirstparagragh?TravellinginAfricaisverydifferentfromthatin

Europe.第7頁Skill2:Choosingbycontext(上下文、語境)eg1.

Ihadthegood

24

tospendfivedaysthereduringmyholidays.Westayedinabeautifulhotelwhichcostfiveeurosanightwithfreebreakfast.AsistraditionalinMorocco,weweresuppliedwithmanycupsofmint（薄荷）teaaswell.…24.A.possibilityB.courageC.fortuneD.TimeC第8頁eg2.Duringourstayherewedecidedtobe

28andvisittheSahara.Itmayhavebeenninehours'29

butitwasdefinitelyworththelongminibusride!28.A.relaxedB.abnormalC.uniqueD.Adventurous29.A.drive B.walk C.flightD.Voyage29A28D第9頁Skill3：logic（邏輯推理）eg2.Wezoomedthrough（穿過）themountainsandround（圍繞）thebigcorners.Afterninehourswe

arrivedatthemouthoftheSahara.We

tookacamelridetowherewehadourcamp.Thiswas

32byarichmealandaheart—warmingbonfire(篝火)withmusic.Itwasawonderfulwaytohavesomeinsightinto（洞察）lifeinthedesertandhowthepeoplethere

33.

32.A.abandonedB.accompaniedC.followedD.replaced33.A.surviveB.escapeC.lastD.standCA第10頁1.動詞、名詞、形容詞等與介詞搭配Westayedinabeautifulhotelwhichcostfiveeurosanightwithfreebreakfast.AsistraditionalinMorocco,wewere26withmanycupsofmint（薄荷）teaaswell.A.suppliedB.coveredC.equippedD.exchangedSkill4:Choosingby

meaningsofwordsandexpressions(詞匯和短語使用方法)A第11頁2.及物動詞和不及物動詞使用方法：eg2.Wezoomedthroughthemountainsandroundthebigcorners.Afterninehourswe

30atthemouthoftheSahara.30.A.reachedB.arrivedC.enteredD.LeftSkill4:Choosingby

meaningsofwordsandexpressions(詞匯和短語使用方法)B第12頁3.同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)（同義詞、近義詞、反義詞等重現(xiàn)）：首句：IfyouhavenotalreadybeentoMorocco,Iurgeyoutoputitnextonyourlist.…尾句：ThiswasprobablythebestexperienceofmylifeandIwould40anyoneelsetotakeonthisadventure!40.A.agreeB.encourageC.declineD.promiseSkill4:Choosingby

meaningsofwordsandexpressions(詞匯和短語使用方法)B第13頁。Skill5:Choosingbygrammar(語法分析)

eg.Wesawshootingstars(流星)andthenomads（牧民）sleptunderthestarsinthedesert

37

itisvery,verycoldatnight!Howeverourtentswereverybigandquiteluxurious(奢侈)withmattresses（床墊）inside__38___rugs（地毯）laiddowneverywhere.37.A.because B.evenifC.sinceD.sothat38.A.andB.butC.orD.besidesBA第14頁溫馨提醒：語法分析主要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)：長句難句、依據(jù)句與句之間邏輯關(guān)系選擇連接詞。遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：besides,inaddition等轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：however,but,unfortunately,onthecontrary等。因果或目關(guān)系：because,since,for,as,so,therefore,inorderto,consequently等。表示例舉關(guān)系：forexample,forinstance,suchas,thatistosay,inotherwords或“﹣”“：”等標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號。）表示條件：if,unless,once等表示時間：before,after,when,while,until等第15頁

Skill6:Choosingbycommonsense(常識)eg1.

IfyouhavenotalreadybeentoMorocco,Iurgeyoutoputitnextonyourlist.AfricaoffersaworldcompletelydifferenttothatofEurope,mainlyawarmer,morefragrantandmorecolorfulone!Productsarecheapbutthe23isnot.23.A.quantityB.weightC.impressionD.quality

D第16頁

Skill6:Choosingbycommonsense(常識)eg2.AsistraditionalinMorocco,weweresuppliedwithmanycupsofmint（薄荷）teaaswell.Thereyoucoulddocookeryclasses,

27ontheroof,andeatadelicioustagine（泰瓊羊肉）.27.A.showerB.sunbatheC.sunburnD.settle

B第17頁TheskillsoffinishingCloze?Whatdowelearntoday?Skill1:Highlight首句或伎倆，推測主旨大意。Skill2:Choosingby上下文、語境Skill3:Choosingby邏輯推理Skill4:Choosingby詞匯和短語使用方法Skill5:Choosingby語法分析(句子結(jié)構(gòu)：長句、難句、連接詞)Skill6:Choosingby常識第18頁完形填空四利用：1.利用復(fù)現(xiàn)或同類詞匯答題。2.利用前后文對仗關(guān)系。3.利用上下文邏輯關(guān)系。4.生活常識。第19頁完形填空三忌