中考英語(yǔ)代詞考點(diǎn)梳理

中考代詞考點(diǎn)梳理代詞在歷年中考試題中的出現(xiàn)頻率很高，屬于是典型的“小題要大做”。中考代詞常見(jiàn)的考點(diǎn)分布在對(duì)人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞和反身代詞等知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查上，對(duì)不定代詞的考查更是重中之重。下面以近幾年中考真題為例，對(duì)代詞的考查熱點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析歸納，供大家復(fù)習(xí)參考。一：對(duì)人稱代詞主格與賓格的考查英語(yǔ)中的人稱代詞既有不同的人稱，還有主格、賓格以及單復(fù)數(shù)形式的變化。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，人稱代詞在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)要用主格，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用賓格?！局锌祭}】（2020龍巖）Theseare coats.Canyoulookafter forme?A.my;them B.I;they C.me;them D.mine;they（2020涼州）—Isthemanwhoissingingyourteacher?—Yes,heteaches physics.A.we B.our C.ours D.us（2020泰州）Mr.Huteaches English.Wealllike .A.our;him B.us;him C.us;her D.our;her（2020重慶A）AuntTinawillvisitussoon. isarrivingtomorrowmorning.A.He B.She C.His D.Her:對(duì)物主代詞的考查物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。形容詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，一般放在名詞前作定語(yǔ)，可與形容詞 own連用表示強(qiáng)調(diào)；名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”，在句中用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，并可與of連用，構(gòu)成雙重所有格，但不能用作定語(yǔ)。注意：一些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中常用定冠詞，不用物主代詞。例如：takesb.bythearm“抓住某人的胳膊”；patsb.ontheshoulder“拍某人的肩膀”；hitsb.onthehead/intheface“打某人的頭/臉”?！局锌祭}】—OK,hereyouare.（2020資陽(yáng)）—Sally,mayIuseyouriPad? —OK,hereyouare.A.YourB.YoursC.Mine6.（2020廣安A.YourB.YoursC.Mine6.（2020廣安）—Ican’tfindmyruler.MayIuse ?D.My—Ofcourse.Hereyouare.A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself（2020南充）—What’s name?— isEric.A.his;He B.his;His C.he;His D.he;He（2020黃岡）—Isthis football,boys? —No,itisnot .A.yours;ours B.your;ourC.yours;ourD.your;oursA.yours;ours B.your;ourC.yours;ourD.your;ours三：對(duì)反身代詞的考查反身代詞是表示“我 （們）自己”、“你（們）自己”、“他/她/它（們）自己”等的代詞。反身代詞必須要與被指代人在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。反身代詞有單復(fù)數(shù)和人稱的變化，在句中可用作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的反身代詞構(gòu)成的固定搭配有：enjoyoneself introduceoneselfmakeoneselfathome expressoneselfhelponeselftosth. lookafteroneselfteachoneselflearn…byoneselfteachoneselfdressoneself cometooneselfleavesb.byoneself loseoneselfin…【中考例題】（2020連云港）—I’mafraidIwon’tpasstheexam.—Comeon,Bill.Youshouldbelievein .That ’sthesecretofsuccess.A.myself B.ourselves C.yourself D.yourselvesTOC\o"1-5"\h\z（2020陜西）Don’tworry.We’reoldenoughtolookafter .A.myself B.me C.ourselves D.us（2020廣州）Themancalledhisprofessorforhelpbecausehecouldn’tsolvetheproblemby .A.herself B.himself C.yourself D.themselves（2020陜西）It’sveryimportantforustolearnhowtolearnby .A.ourselves B.itself C.myself D.themselves四：對(duì)替代詞 it/they/them/one（s）/theone（s）/that/those的考查it特指前文中提到過(guò)的同一事物，可指代不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。they和them為其復(fù)數(shù)形式。it還可指代時(shí)間、距離、金錢、自然現(xiàn)象等。one相當(dāng)于“a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”，表示泛指同類人或物中的某一個(gè)。ones為其復(fù)數(shù)形式，所替代的是同名異物，表示泛指。theone指代前面出現(xiàn)過(guò)的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，表示特指，相當(dāng)于“the+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”。theones為其復(fù)數(shù)形式。that多用于兩者進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，為了避免重復(fù)，用來(lái)替代上文中的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，其后通常有限定詞修飾。當(dāng)名詞為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)，可與theone互換。此外，在打電話時(shí)，通常用this指代自己，用that指代對(duì)方。those相當(dāng)于theones，特指前面出現(xiàn)過(guò)的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，相當(dāng)于“the+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”?！局锌祭}】（2020廣東）—Hello,Lindaspeaking.Who’s ? —Hello.ThisisMartin.A.he B.one C.that D.this（2020鞍山）—Whatkindofhousewouldyoulike?—I’dlike withagardeninfrontof .A.it;one B.one;one C.one;it D.it;it（2020烏魯木齊）Yournewbackpackissonice.Iwanttobuy ,too.A.one B.it C.that D.this（2020菏澤）Whenwegottotheparkyesterday, startedraining.A.that B.it C.this D.one五：對(duì)all/both/either/neither/none 等不定代詞的考查all表示“三者或三者以上都”；both表示“兩者都”；none與all相反，表示“三者或三者以上都不”；neither與both相反，表示“兩者之中任何一個(gè)都不”。either表示“兩者之中任何一個(gè)”，可以和of連用。none表示全部否定，而 all/both與not連用通常表示部分否定?！局锌祭}】（2020重慶A）JiefangbeiisnotfarfromChaotianmen.Youcaneasilyvisit inaday.A.each B.none C.both D.neither（2020杭州）Unfortunately,Iwassittingatthetablewithsmokerson sideofme.A.either B.both C.other D.all（2020溫州）—Mom,whatwouldyoulike,coffeeortea?— .Justwater,please.

A.EitherB.BothC.NeitherD.NoneA.EitherB.BothC.NeitherD.None（2020陜西）—Whichofthetwosubjectsdoyoulike,artormusic?— .Theyarereallyinteresting.A.Neither B.Both C.None D.All（2020蘇州）—CouldyoucomethisSaturdayafternoonorthisSundaymorning?— isOK.I’mfreethisweekend.A.All B.Both C.None D.Either六：對(duì)another/other/others/theother/theothers 等不定代詞的考查other表示"其它的、另外的“，只與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用，有時(shí)可與 some連用，構(gòu)成"someother+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)；theother可單獨(dú)使用，表示“兩者中的另一個(gè)”，用于特指；another表示“（三者或以上中的）任意的另一個(gè)”；“another+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)指“ （三者或以上中的）另外一個(gè)”，用于泛指；"other+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于others;others和some可構(gòu)成搭配"some-others???";"theother+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于 theothers，表示“其余所有的人或物”，用于特指?！局锌祭}】（2020濱州）—Istillwanttodrinksomething.MayIhave cupofjuice?—Certainly.Hereyouare.A.other B.more C.another D.else（2020安徽）Wecan’tdoitthatway—butwhetheritwillworkis matter.A.other B.another C.each D.every（2020福州）—Shallwemeetat8o’clocknextSundaymorning?—Iwon’tbefreethen.Let’smakeit day.A.other B.another C.theother D.others（2020青海）—Doyoukeepapet?—Yes.Ihavetwodogs.Oneiswhite, isblack.A.other B.theother C.another D.others【注意】“形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí) +than+anyother+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”，“形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)+than+anyoftheother+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)” ，“形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí) +than+theothers/anyoftheothers”，這三個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)表示“比同一范圍中的任何一個(gè)人或物都……” ，如果比較的雙方不屬于同一類別或范圍，句中則不用other（s）?！局锌祭}】（2020黃岡）—EverybodyknowsCanadaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworld.—Thatis,itislargerthan countryinAsia.A.any B.anyother C.other D.another七：對(duì)復(fù)合不定代詞的考查復(fù)合不定代詞有表示事物與表示人之分：表示事物的有 something、anything、nothing、everything等；表示人的有 somebody、anybody、nobody、everybody等。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，something、somebody、everything、everybody等用于肯定句，anything和anybody用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句；nothing和nobody本身具有否定意義，它們可構(gòu)成否定句。此外，如果 everything和everybody用于否定句中，則表示部分否定。注意：nobody在口語(yǔ)中表示“無(wú)足輕重的人、小人物”；somebody表示“大人物、重要人物”?！局锌祭}】（2020煙臺(tái)）Whenourteacherheardofthenews,hewastooangrytosay .A.everything B.nothing C.something D.anything5.(2020)5.(2020)Youdon’thaveadrink.CanIgetyou ?5.（2020）5.（2020）Youdon’thaveadrink.CanIgetyou ?（2020溫州）—Look, isdancingunderthetree.—Oh,that’smycousin,Anna.A.everybody B.anybody C.nobody D.somebody（2020河南）Hethinkshimselfsomebody,butwethinkhim .A.nobody B.anybody C.somebody（2020南京）A.nobody B.anybody C.somebody（2020南京）—Whatwouldyouliketodrink?—I’mverythirsty. youcanget.Justgetitnow.A.Anything B.Something C.Nothing（2020濟(jì)南）—Whohelpedyoucleantheclassroomyesterday?— .Ididitallbymyself.A.Someone B.Anyone C.NobodyD.everybodyD.OtherthingsD.Everybody（2020鹽城）—Wow,somanynewbuildings!Butitusedtobeapoorvillage.—Yes. haschangedinourhometown.A.Nothing B.Nobody C.Everything D.Everybody八：對(duì)that/which/who/whom等關(guān)系代詞的考查關(guān)系代詞是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的代詞，包括 who，whom，which和that等。注意當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞指物時(shí)，只能用that不能用which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的情況：☆當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞 all 、few、any、much、 little 、everything 、something、anything、nothing等時(shí)；☆當(dāng)先行詞被不定代詞 all 、few、any、much、 little 、everything 、something、anything、nothing等修飾時(shí)；☆當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)；☆當(dāng)先行詞被 theonly（唯一的）、thevery（正是、就是 ）、theright（正是、就是 ）、thelast（最后的）等詞修飾時(shí)；☆當(dāng)先行詞即有人又有物時(shí)。【中考例題】（2020廣州）Thestories werewrittenbyMarkTwainareoftenhumorous.A.that B.those C.who D.what（2020臨沂）AfterMandelawasfreein1990,hechosetoshakehandswiththepeople wantedtokillhim.A.whose B.which C.that D.who（2020黃岡）—Inatextmessage,“88”means“Bye-bye”.—AndanotherexampleisF2F standsfor “facetoface”.A.that B.who C.whom D.it近年河北省中考代詞真題（2020）Mybrotherlikespainting.It ’soneof hobbies.A.my B.her C.his D.your（2020）Wemustprotectplants.Theyarefriendsof .A.we B.us C.our D.ours（2020）Doyouhavetoys?I’dliketobuy formycousin.A.it B.one C.this D.that（2020）Itisagoodhabitof toreadafewlinesbeforegoingtobed.A.I B.me C.my D.mineA.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything(2020完形)Icanseethereasonthatheissopositiveisbecausehebelievesin A.itself B.myself C.himself D.yourself(2020)Don’tworryaboutme.I’moldenoughtothinkfor .A.himself B.herself C.yourself D.myself(2020)Couldyourecordthefootballgameforme?Icanwatch later.A.it B.one C.this D.that(2020)Georgereadsthenewspapereverymorning.That ’s habit.A.he B.him C.his D.himself(2020)We’dbetterwait moreminutes.IthinkJeffwillcomesoon.A.afew B.few C.alittle D.little(2020)Theteachers cameforavisitareforeigners.A.who B.whom C.whose D.which(2020邯鄲一模)Canyoushareyourbookwithme?Ileft athome.A.me B.my C.mine D.myself(2020邯鄲一模完形 )“Isitthedaywhenwewerebornorthedaywedie? ”Heaskedt hewiseman.“ .Themostimportantdayinourlifeistoday.”Thewisemanrepliedcalmly.A.Nothing B.None C.Noone D.Neither(2020邯鄲二模)Wecan’tlearn inoneday.Weshouldworkstepbystep.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything(2020邯鄲二模完形 )Lennyhadtreated asanervousperson.Heworriedaboutmanythingsinhislife.A.herself B.himself C.yourself D.myself(2020滄州一模)—Doyouoftenstudywithagroup?—Yes.Ifind reallyhelpfultostudythatday.A.it B.that C.this D.them近年河北省中考代詞真題(2020)Mybrotherlikespainting.It ’soneof hobbies.A.my B.her C.his D.your(2020)Wemustprotectplants.Theyarefriendsof .A.we B.us C.our D.ours(2020)Doyouhavetoys?I’dliketobuy formycousin.A.it B.one C.this D.that(2020)Itisagoodhabitof toreadafewlinesbeforegoingtobed.A.I B.me C.my D.mine

A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything（2020完形）Icanseethereasonthatheissopositiveisbecausehebelievesin A.itself B.myself C.himself D.yourself（2020）Don’tworryaboutme.I’moldenoughtothinkfor .A.himself B.herself C.yourself D.myself（2020）Couldyourecordthefootballgameforme?Icanwatch later.A.it B.one C.this D.that（2020）Georg