新視野大學英語第三冊第六單元課文講解課件

Unit6Howtoprepareforearthquakes

Ideally,peoplewouldliketoknowwhenanearthquakeisgoingtohappenandhowbaditwillbe.InbothJapanandChina,peoplehavelongbelievedthatearthquakescanbeforecast.InJapan,scientistshavewiredtheEarthandseatodetectmovements.TheChinesehavetraditionallywatchedanimalsandplantsforwarningsignsofearthquakes.Forexample,theChinesehavenotedthatbeforeanearthquake,hens'behaviorchanges—theyrefusetoentertheircagesatnight.Theyhavealsonoticedthatsnakescomeoutofthegroundtofreezetodeathandthatdogsbarkalot,evenParagraph1normallyquietdogs.BeforetheHanshinearthquakeinJapan,therewerereportsoflargeschoolsoffishswimmingnearthesurfaceofthewater.Certainbirds,likepigeons,alsoseemedtobeespeciallynoisyandwerereportedtobeflyinginunusualpatternsbeforetheearthquake.Perhapsmostinteresting,andmosteasilymeasured,isachemicalchangeingroundwaterbeforeaquake.Experimentaldataseemtoindicatethattheamountofradon(Rn)inthewaterunderthesurfaceoftheEarthwaxesbeforeanearthquake.譯文句型

Thesejointsofsteelcanmovewithoutbreaking.Also,topreventpropertydamage,architectsnowdesignbuildingssothatthebuilding'scolumnsandhorizontalbeamsareofequalstrength,andverticalsupportcolumnsareinserteddeepintosolidsoil.Inaddition,manynewhouseshaverelativelylightroofsandstrongwalls.Concretepillarsforhighwaybridgesthatpreviouslyonlyhadsteelrodsinsidearenowenclosedinsteel.譯文Paragraph3

Besidesworkingtoimprovebuildingstructures,peopleinareaswhereearthquakesarecommonneedtoprepareforthepossibilityofagreatearthquake.Theyshouldregularlycheckandreinforcetheirhomes,placeheavyobjectsinlowpositions,attachcupboardsandcabinetstowalls,andfastendoorssothattheywillnotopenaccidentallyduringanearthquake.譯文句型

Inadditiontopreparingtheirhouses,peopleintheseregionsneedtopreparethemselves.Theyshouldhavesuppliesofwaterandfoodathomeandatwork.Itisbesttostoreseveralgallonsofwaterperperson.Itisalsoimportanttohavesomethingthatcancleanwaterandkillbacteria,sowaterfromothersourcescanbemadesafetodrink.Storeoneweek'sfoodforeachperson.Earth-quakesurvivalsuppliesincludearadioreceiver,atorch,extrabatteries,firstaidsupplies,aspade,atent,somerope,andwarmclothing.Expertsalsosuggestthefollowing:譯文Paragraph4

Keepafireextinguisherhandy.Youshouldhaveoneathome,atwork,andinyourcar(ifyouhaveone).Thefireextinguishershouldbeabletoputoutanytypeoffire.Havethepropertoolstoturnoffgasandwaterlinesifnecessary.Arrangeanauxiliarycookingandheatingsourcethatcanbeusedoutside.Onealternativeisaportablecampstovewithsmallcansofgas.Keepapairofheavy,comfortableshoesorbootsinyourhome,atwork,andinyourvehicle.Ifthereisanearthquake,therewillbelotsoffragmentsofbrokenglass.Lightshoeswillnotprotectyourfeetaswellasheavyshoeswill.譯文Paragraph5Thefewremainingworkinglineswillbebusywiththecallsthatnaturallyoccurafteradisasteranditwillbedifficulttocallfromonepartofthecitytoanother.Itmight,however,bepossibletocalloutsidethecity.Asensiblearrangementistohaveallofthemembersofthefamilycalltocheckinwithafriendorrelativewholivesmorethanahundredmilesaway.譯文

Theseprecautionscanmakeagreatdifferenceinsavinglivesandpreventingthelossofhomes.Educationconcerninghowtosurviveanearthquakeshouldbeamajoremphasisforallgovernmentprogramsandearthquake-relatedresearchprojects.譯文第二段人們還希望能夠預防地震會造成的重大財產(chǎn)損失。要知道，多數(shù)在地震中喪生的人都是被倒塌的建筑物砸死的。所以，具有抗震能力的房屋結(jié)構(gòu)是關(guān)注的重點。鋼似乎是最佳的建材，但一旦被焊接成僵硬的結(jié)構(gòu)就不行了。許多新式結(jié)構(gòu)都采用了一種新型的鋼接合方法，即I形接合，它看來是最耐用的一種接合。這種鋼接合在移動時不會斷裂。同樣，為了預防財產(chǎn)損失，建筑師如今設(shè)計樓房時會使房屋的支柱和橫梁力度相等，而垂直支柱則深深插入堅實的地基中。此外，許多新型房屋都采用了較輕的屋頂和堅實的墻壁。高架橋的水泥柱先前只是在內(nèi)部有鋼筋，如今外面也包上了鋼板。返回第三段除了設(shè)法改善建筑結(jié)構(gòu)外，地震頻發(fā)區(qū)的人們也需要為可能發(fā)生的大地震做好防備工作。他們應當定期檢查和加固房屋，將重物放在低處，將櫥柜和柜子貼墻放置，加固房門以防地震時意外脫開。返回第四段除做好房屋的防震外，這些地區(qū)的人們還需要為自身做些防備。他們應該在家里和工作地儲備些水和食物。最好每人儲備幾加侖水。儲備一些可以凈化水和消滅病菌的東西也很重要，這樣就可以安全地飲用其他來源的水了。每人準備一周的食物。地震救生儲備還包括無線電接收器、手電、備用電池、急救用品、鐵鍬、帳篷、繩子和保暖衣物。此外，專家們還提出了以下建議：返回第五段手邊備有滅火器。應該在住處、工作場所和汽車里(如果你有車的話)都存放一個。滅火器應該是可以撲滅任何火災的那種。有必要的話，準備一些能關(guān)閉煤氣和自來水管道的特制工具。準備一個備用的戶外烹調(diào)和取暖用具，可以準備一個便攜式露營灶和幾小罐煤氣。在住處、工作場所和汽車里放一雙厚重、舒適的鞋或靴子。發(fā)生地震時會有大量的玻璃碎片。輕便的鞋子不能像厚重的鞋子那樣保護好你的雙腳。返回第六段每個家庭都需要制定地震應急計劃。如何讓一家人在地震的混亂中安全離開？大家應該商定一個地震區(qū)外的會合點──可能是在幾英里外的某個市鎮(zhèn)。同樣，協(xié)商好地震時家人的聯(lián)絡方式也很重要。地震若發(fā)生在大城市，市里的許多電話線路很可能中斷，剩下的為數(shù)不多的可用線路會很忙，因為災難之后自然會有許多電話，要從市里的一個地方打到另一個地方會很困難。但可能通向市外的電話是通的。明智的安排是，讓所有的家人都給一個住在一百多英里之外的朋友或親戚打個電話，以報平安。返回watchfor

尋找，等待We'llbewatchingforanydevelopments...我們會密切注意事情的任何進展forexamplecomeoutofWesawhimcomeoutoftheroom.我們看見他走出房間。Bigideascomeoutofbigpencils.靈感來自那支大鉛筆v.由…產(chǎn)生，從…出來forexample…sothat…Iwanttoleavenow.Iwon’tbelate.Itooknonoticeofhim.Heflewintoarage.用...sothat...合成下列組句:IwanttoleavenowsothatIwon’tbelate.Itooknonoticeofhimsothatheflewintoarage。beof+adj.+noun=be+adv.+adj.用“…beof+adj.+noun.…”改寫下列句子:ThebookheboughtyesterdayisveryhelpfulItissaidthatyogaisverybeneficialtohumanhealth.attachto附屬于，參加，歸于例句：1.Thishospitalisattachedtoamedicalcollege。這家醫(yī)院附屬于一個醫(yī)學院。2.HeattachedhimselftotheParty．他入黨了3.Noblameattachestohimfortheaccident。責任不在他身上。inadditionto除…之外老板要他每天干16個鐘頭的活，還打他Thebossworkedhim16hoursadayandbeathiminaddition。例句ifnecessary如有必要Translation如有必要，這個討論會可在明天繼續(xù)進行。KeyThisdiscussioncan,ifnecessary,becontinuedtomorrow.checkin記錄，登記簽到

例句:WhattimecanIcheckin?我什么時候可以登記？Thereceptionpersonnelwillhelpyoucheckin.接待人員會幫助你們辦理入住手續(xù)。makea/nodifference對…有/無影響1.海邊的空氣改善了他的健康狀況.Theseaairhasmadeadifferencetohishealth.2.你是去是留對我都無所謂。Itdoesn'tmakeanydifferencetomewhetheryougoorstay.例句Keephandy手邊備有看看他手邊常備的東西，你就會知道他的生活情趣Takealookatwhatheoftenkeepshandyandyouwillcatchontohistasteforlife.translationbelikelyto

很可能只有當你學會在逆境中前行，你才有可能懂得人生的真諦。Oo/in/between刊登麥氏(MaxwellHouse)在一家報紙上曾刊登了一則廣告：滴滴香濃，意猶未盡。TheMaxwellHouseinsertedinanewspaperanadvertisement:Goodtothelastdrop.translation1)detect(vt)察覺，發(fā)現(xiàn)；探測如果許多癌癥在早期被發(fā)現(xiàn)，那么是可以治愈的。Manyformsofcancerscanbecuredifdetectedearly.我察覺到他的態(tài)度有微妙的變化Idetectedaslightchangeinhisattitude.Translationdetectsb.In(doing)sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人在做（壞事）他考試作弊時被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。Hewasdetectedintheactofcheatingontheexam.detectablea.可發(fā)覺的，可看穿的detectiven./a.偵探，偵探的detectionn.察覺，探測；偵察CollocationAssoclation2)waxvi.變大，增強

【u】asolidfattyoroilysubstance蠟HerfeelingsforJohnwaxandwine.她對約翰的感情時好時壞。Itisobviousthatacoatingofwaxwasputonthepaper.紙上涂了一層蠟。（月的）盈虧圓缺[喻]盛衰Translation3）withstandvt.經(jīng)受，承受，頂住anattacksevereteststhestormhardwear(fire)hardship抵御攻擊經(jīng)得起嚴峻的考驗頂?shù)米”╋L雨耐穿能吃苦withstandCollocation軍隊太弱了，抵擋不了任何進攻。Thetroopsweretooweaktowithstandanyattack這雙鞋子很耐穿。Thepairofshoeswithstandshardwear.Translation4)enclosevt.

圍住，包住他們用籬笆圍住了院子。Theyenclosedtheiryardwithafence.茲附上200美元支票。IenclosedhereinacheckforUsdollars.encloseda.被附上的enclosuren.圍地，圍欄；隨信附件TranslationAssoclation5）extinguishvt使熄滅，撲滅

使(希望等)破滅extinguishafire滅火Hisdreamofanactorisextinguishedwiththefailure.他的演員夢隨著失敗而破滅。distinguishv.區(qū)別，辨別6)sensibleadj合理的,明智的asensibleman明智的人asensibledecision明智的決定asensiblearrangement合理的安排預防總是比治療更明智，而且花費更少。Preventionisalwaysmoresensibleandlesscostlythancure.CollocationTranslationAssoclationsensen./vt.感覺，意義，見識；理解sensitivea.敏感的，靈敏的，感光的Bankfillingsensiblesensesensitive1.Adriverhasagoodoflocality.2.Itwouldbetoleaveearly,incasethere’salotoftraffic.3.Sheisverytowhatpeoplethinkofher.sensesensiblesensitive7)resistanta.:offeringresistance抵抗的，對抗的Collocationwater-heat-resistantbullet-TranslationConservativepeopleareusuallyresistanttochange.保守的人通常反對變化。Assoclationpersistenta.堅持的，固執(zhí)的；持續(xù)的insistenta.堅持不懈的assistantn./a.助手，助理；助理的，輔助的防水的防熱的防彈的8)precautionn.:anactiondonetopreventsth.fromhappening預防，預防措施Collocationtakeprecautionagainst采取預防….的措施Translation政府采取了各種預防措施，以防止非典的進一步蔓延。ThegovernmenthastakenallprecautionstopreventfurtherspreadingofSARS.Usefulexpressions留意，觀察離開，從...出來別忘了，終究，究竟將...插入，嵌入將...附在/縛在救生儲備熄滅，撲滅救急計劃watchforcomeoutofafterallinsertintoattachtosurvivalsuppliesputoutemergencyplan會合點加之，除...之外登記，報到一般概率對...有影響，起作用在工作的地方就...達成一致意見ameetingpointinaddition(to)checkingeneralprobabilityberesistanttiatworkagreeon/uponPerhapsmost/Particularly+adj./