2022年考研考博-考博英語-中國(guó)財(cái)政科學(xué)研究院考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)96

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-中國(guó)財(cái)政科學(xué)研究院考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Summerholidaysspentonthehotghettostreetsare______thetimemiddle-classstudentsdevotetocamps,exoticvacationsandhighlyorganizedsports.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ashardlyculturallyenrichingas

B.ashardlyenrichingcultureas

C.hardlyasculturallyenrichingas

D.hardlyasculturalenrichingas

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞用法。句意：在貧民窟炎熱的街道上度過暑假，在文化的豐富程度遠(yuǎn)不及中產(chǎn)階級(jí)學(xué)生在夏令營(yíng)、海外旅行和組織有序的體育活動(dòng)上度過暑假。根據(jù)be動(dòng)詞are確定enriching為形容詞，用副詞culturally修飾形容詞，排除B、D選項(xiàng)；根據(jù)hardly修飾asculturallyenrichingas確定hardly放在最前面，所以C選項(xiàng)hardlyasculturallyenrichingas

符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Thegovernormightconceivablyfindagenuineresolutiontothebudgetarydilemma,butshemaybetemptedtoengageinadeception:a_______exerciseinfiscalprudence.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rigorous

B.blatant

C.specious

D.convincing

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)rigorous“嚴(yán)密的；嚴(yán)格的”；B選項(xiàng)blatant“公然的；炫耀的”；C選項(xiàng)specious“似是而非的；華而不實(shí)的”；D選項(xiàng)convincing“有說服力的”。句意：可以想象，這位州長(zhǎng)可能會(huì)找到一個(gè)真正的解決預(yù)算困境的辦法，但她可能會(huì)被誘導(dǎo)去搞一場(chǎng)騙局：一個(gè)_______的財(cái)政審慎行動(dòng)。根據(jù)語境，specious“似是而非的；華而不實(shí)的”搭配deception“騙局”比較合理。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

AnotherfoodcropraisedbyIndians______strangetotheEuropeanwascalledIndiancorn.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whowere

B.thatwere

C.thatwas

D.whowas

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語從句。句意：印第安人種植的另一種對(duì)歐洲人來說很陌生的糧食作物叫作印第安玉米。橫線及strangetotheEuropean部分是修飾anotherfoodcrop的定語從句，根據(jù)anotherfoodcrop是不可數(shù)名詞確定用thatwas，C選項(xiàng)thatwas符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Wemovedtothenewhouseinthesuburbssothatthekidswouldhaveagarden______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inwhichtoplay

B.toplaywith

C.toplay

D.wheretoplay

【答案】A

【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我們搬到了郊區(qū)的新房子，這樣孩子們就有一個(gè)可以玩耍的花園。橫線部分是修飾garden的定語從句，根據(jù)詞組playinagarden確定有介詞in，根據(jù)花園用來玩的目的確定有to，A選項(xiàng)inwhichtoplay符合題意。D選項(xiàng)wheretoplay引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句，garden本身表示地點(diǎn)，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

______thefinancialmeanstoremainindependent,ThomasEdisonwascompelledtoseekemploymentasanighttelegraphoperator.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hewasdeprivedof

B.Thathewasdeprivedof

C.Althoughhewasdeprivedof

D.Deprivedof

【答案】D

【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：由于沒有了維持獨(dú)立的經(jīng)濟(jì)來源，托馬斯?愛迪生不得不去找個(gè)夜間電報(bào)員的工作。選項(xiàng)和題干，逗號(hào)前是從句或者短語。A選項(xiàng)Hewasdeprivedof放進(jìn)來題目變成兩個(gè)完整且獨(dú)立的句子，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)Thathewasdeprivedof中that多余，不符合語法，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)Althoughhewasdeprivedof中although不符合語境，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)Deprivedof放進(jìn)來句子還原后是ThomasEdisonwas…operatordeprivedofthefinancialmeanstoremainindependent，符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.翻譯題

41.人類社會(huì)中的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)大體源于兩方面的缺乏。第一是資源的缺乏：爭(zhēng)奪對(duì)國(guó)家安全和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展至關(guān)重要的稀缺戰(zhàn)略資源往往是一國(guó)發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的重要?jiǎng)右?。第二是信任的缺乏：這種缺乏常常導(dǎo)致國(guó)家在宗教、文化、意識(shí)形態(tài)等方面的持續(xù)對(duì)抗，并由此引發(fā)軍事沖突。

42.一方面，投資的滯后牽制了經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)，而另一方面，持續(xù)的消費(fèi)熱在一定程度上緩解了經(jīng)濟(jì)的衰退。

43.大學(xué)里學(xué)到的知識(shí)還相當(dāng)粗淺，研究生階段才開始研究學(xué)問，但在這個(gè)時(shí)期也只能算是初涉學(xué)術(shù)，更加注重的應(yīng)是領(lǐng)悟研究的方法。

【答案】41.Warsinhumansocietyariselargelyfromtwodeficiencies.Thefirstisthelackofresources:thescrambleforscarcestrategicresources,whicharevitaltonationalsecurityandeconomicdevelopment,isoftenanimportantmotivationforacountrytolaunchawar.Thesecondisalackoftrust:thislackhasoftenledtoongoingrivalriesbetweencountriesoverreligion,culture,ideology,etc.,whichleadstomilitaryconflicts.

42.Ontheonehand,thelagofinvestmenthasheldbackeconomicgrowth,whileontheother,thesustainedconsumptionboomhasalleviatedtheeconomicrecessiontoacertainextent.

43.Whatyouareimpartedduringuniversityissomethingquitesuperficial,andtheresearchinstitutesofuniversitiesarejusttheplaceswhereknowledgeisprimarilystudied.Buteventhereyougetonlythefirsttasteoflearningwhereemphasisisonresearchmethodologyandpractice.

7.單選題

Theslowpaceofjobcreationwaswithoutprecedentfortheperiodonrecoveryfromarecession,buttheconditionsthatconspiredtocausetherecessionwerealso_______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.heartening

B.fascinating

C.ambiguous

D.atypical

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)heartening“鼓舞人心的”；B選項(xiàng)fascinating“吸引人的”；C選項(xiàng)ambiguous“不明確的；模棱兩可的”；D選項(xiàng)atypical“不合規(guī)則的”。句意：在從衰退中復(fù)蘇的時(shí)期，創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的緩慢步伐史無前例，但導(dǎo)致衰退的條件也______。根據(jù)also得出在把創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的步伐和導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的條件相提并論，所以答案和withoutprecedent“史無前例”相對(duì)應(yīng)，atypical“不合規(guī)則的”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Whilethecompany’sCEOprofessestobeconfidentandurgesthedealforward,itsinvestorsareunlikelytobeso_______aboutitsprospects.Manywereuncomfortableatthewaythecorporationwasforcedtospendmuchofitscapitalinlastyear’sexpansion,andthisnewventureispotentiallyevenmorerisky.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.apathetic

B.sanguine

C.apprehensive

D.anxious

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)apathetic“無動(dòng)于衷的；缺乏興趣的”；B選項(xiàng)sanguine“樂觀的，充滿希望的”；C選項(xiàng)apprehensive“憂慮的”；D選項(xiàng)anxious“擔(dān)憂的；急切的”。句意：雖然該公司的首席執(zhí)行官聲稱有信心并敦促該交易繼續(xù)進(jìn)行，但其投資者不太可能對(duì)其前景如此_______。根據(jù)while“雖然”，這里指CEO“首席執(zhí)行官”和investors“投資者”態(tài)度相反，sanguine“樂觀的，充滿希望的”和confident“充滿信心”意思相近，搭配unlikelyto符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Whatmakesagreatcommunicator?Awillingnesstosharethatdrivingsenseofmissionandaburningfaiththatotherswillembrace,too.

Asanentrepreneur,youhaveanextraordinarystorytotell.Butwhetheryou’repitchingorpromotingaservice,product,company,orcause,howyoucraftanddeliveryourmessagecouldmeanthedifferencebetweenmakingthesaleorbeingshownthedoor.Somepeoplearesimplybetterthanothersatarticulatingtheirmessage.

Raisingthebar

Myworktakesmeacrossthecountryandexposesmetospokespeopleinavarietyofindustries.Butthegoalsarealwaysthesame:Toarticulateamessagethatmeetsthedemandsofcontemporaryaudiences,whowanttheirspeakerstobepassionate,inspiring,brief,captivating,andclear.

AsthemajorityofusareaccustomedtoPowerPointshows,24-hourcablenews,andMTV-stylevideos,ourperceptionofgreatcorporatespeakershaschanged.Thegreatspokespeopleofourtimehaveraisedthebaronwhatitmeanstobeabusinesscommunicator—andyou’rebeingcomparedtothem.

WhenCNBCinterviewsAppleCEOSteveJobs,you’rebeingcomparedtohim.WhenC-SPANbringsBritishPrimeMinisterTonyBlairintoourlivingroomseveryweek,you’rebeingcomparedtohim.WhenCiscoCEOJohnChambersdeliversadazzlingPowerPointshow,you’rebeingcomparedtohim.They’vemastered10techniquesthatsetthemapart—techniquesthatIuncoveredwhileresearchingmynewbook,“10SimpleSecretsoftheWorld’sGreatestBusinessCommunicators.”

Pitchingwithoomph

Butenoughtalkabout“thesecrets”.Let’sgetstarted.Extraordinaryentrepreneursandbusinessprofessionalcredittheircommunicationskillsformuchoftheirsuccess,andeachisfueledbypassionatecommitmenttotheirservice,product,company,orcause.Passionseparatestheworld’stoppitchmenfromthevastmajorityofmediocrepresenters.Withoutpassion,youwillfailtomotivate,inspire,andelectrifyyouraudiences.

StarbucksChairmanHowardSchultzdidn’tbuildoneofthemostadmiredbrandsintheworldbecauseheblendstherightmixofespresso,steamedmilk,andfoam.WhileinterviewingSchultzfor“10SimpleSecrets”,Iquicklyrealizedhedoesn’tleavehispassionattheoffice.Whilemanyofuslikecoffeeevenloveit,Schultzispassionateaboutit.Reallypassionate.

Duringanow-famoustriptoItaly,onapiazzainMilan,Schultz’slifewasforeverchanged.TheItalianswerepassionateabouttheircoffee,heexcitedlytoldhiswife.SchultzbroughtthatpassionbacktoAmericaandtransformedasmallSeattlecoffee-beanstoreintoanAmericaninstitution.HiszealconvincedinvestorstobuyintohisconceptofbringingItalian-stylecafestoAmerica—andwithoutit,weneverwouldhavebeenintroducedtomochafrappuccinos!

Emotionalrapport

Atthispoint,someofyoumightbesaying,“Mypassionistogetrich.”Fine.ButI’murgingyoutodigdeeper.Yousee,I’vepersonallymetandinterviewedseveralentrepreneurswhohavejoinedthebillionairesclub.I’vewatchedthemaddressstaff,customers,andinvestors.Notoncedidtheyeverdiscusshowmuchjoytheygetoutofbeingwealthy.Instead,theybuildanemotionalrapportwiththeirlistenersbysharingtheirconnectiontothetopic—theirpassion—throughpersonalstories,anecdotes,andexamples.

Nowaskyourself,“What’smyconnectiontomymessage?”Ifyou’reafinancialplanner,isittohelpyourcustomersavoidthepainfuldebtyousawyourparentsfallinto?ItisforSuzeOrman,whotappedintothatpassiontofuelhersuccessasanauthorandtelevisionhost.Ofyousellnetworkinghardware,isyourpassionfueledbythedesiretochangethewaytheworldlives,works,plays,andlearns?ItisforCiscoSystemsCEOJohnChambers,whosepassionatevisionofthefuturehasearnedhimaspotasoneofthemostadmiredchiefexecutivesincorporateAmerica.

Ifyoumanageacoffeeshoporrestaurant,isyourpassiontocreateawelcoming“thirdplace”betweenhomeandworkforyourcustomerstoenjoy?ItisforHowardSchultz,whosepassionhasliterallychangedthedailyhabitsofmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.Sowhetheryou’readdressingandaudienceof1or1,000,revealyourpassionbyidentifyingandsharingyourpersonalconnectiontoyourcompanymessage.Itwillsetyouapartasaspeaker.

26.What’stherelationshipbetweenthelasttwoparagraphs?

27.Thepassageindicatesthatitisimportantto________inbusinesscommunication.

28.ThispassageismeanttotargetthefollowinggroupsofreadersEXCEPT________.

29.Whatdoesthe“thirdplace”inthelastparagraphreferto?

30.Bysaying“Raisingthebar”(Paragraph3),theauthormeans________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theybothsupportthesametopicsentence.

B.Theypresentopposingideasrespectively.

C.Thelatteristheillustrationoftheformer.

D.Thelatteristhelogicalresultoftheformer.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.establishpersonalfriendship

B.showpassioninconveyingmessage

C.employhighcommunicativeskills

D.meetlisteners’emotionaldemands

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.entrepreneurs

B.salespersons

C.publicspeakers

D.shopowners

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Aplacetoenjoy.

B.Ashoptoshareyourpersonalinformation.

C.Acoffeeshoporrestaurant.

D.Aprivateplacetorevealyourpassion.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ahigherstandardforbusinesscommunicators

B.abetterarticulationofmessagesincommunication

C.thatbusinesscommunicatorsshouldmaster10techniques

D.thatbusinesscommunicatorsarebeingcomparedtofigureslikespokespeople

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】26.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第十段第一句Nowaskyourself,“What’smyconnectiontomymessage?”（現(xiàn)在問問你自己，“我和我表達(dá)的信息有什么聯(lián)系？”）和最后一段revealyourpassionbyidentifyingandsharingyourpersonalconnectiontoyourcompanymessage（通過識(shí)別并分享你與公司信息的個(gè)人聯(lián)系來展現(xiàn)你的熱情），可知這兩段都在講通過表達(dá)自己與自己表達(dá)的信息聯(lián)系來加強(qiáng)情感聯(lián)系，所以A選項(xiàng)“支持同一個(gè)主題句”正確。B選項(xiàng)“分別提出相反的觀點(diǎn)”，C選項(xiàng)“后者是前者的例證”和D選項(xiàng)“后者是前者的結(jié)果”不符合題意，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段第三句Extraordinaryentrepreneursandbusinessprofessionalcredittheircommunicationskillsformuchoftheirsuccess,andeachisfueledbypassionatecommitmenttotheirservice,product,company,orcause.（卓越的企業(yè)家和商業(yè)專業(yè)人士將他們的成功歸功于他們的溝通技巧，每個(gè)人都對(duì)自己的服務(wù)、產(chǎn)品、公司或事業(yè)充滿熱情。），可知激情在商務(wù)交流上最重要，所以B選項(xiàng)“在傳達(dá)信息時(shí)表現(xiàn)出熱情”正確。A選項(xiàng)“建立私交”：根據(jù)第九段someofyoumightbesaying,“Mypassionistogetrich…Notoncedidtheyeverdiscusshowmuchjoytheygetoutofbeingwealthy.Instead,theybuildanemotionalrapportwiththeirlistenersbysharingtheirconnectiontothetopic—theirpassion—throughpersonalstories,anecdotes,andexamples.（你們中的一些人可能會(huì)說，“我的激情是致富……他們從來沒有討論過他們從富有中得到了多少快樂。相反，他們通過分享自己的故事、軼事和例子，與聽眾建立起一種情感上的融洽），這里表達(dá)的是激情不是來自于對(duì)致富的渴望，而不是說在商務(wù)交流中建立交情很重要，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“運(yùn)用高度的溝通技巧”和D選項(xiàng)“滿足聽眾的情感需求”：文章沒有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

28.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Butwhetheryou’repitchingorpromotingaservice,product,company,orcause,howyoucraftanddeliveryourmessagecouldmeanthedifferencebetweenmakingthesaleorbeingshownthedoor.（但無論你是在推銷或推廣一項(xiàng)服務(wù)、產(chǎn)品、公司或事業(yè)，你如何精心制作和傳遞你的信息可能意味著成功銷售或被解雇的區(qū)別。）和第六段倒數(shù)第二句Passionseparatestheworld’stoppitchmenfromthevastmajorityofmediocrepresenters.（激情將世界上最優(yōu)秀的推銷員與絕大多數(shù)平庸的演講者區(qū)分開來。），可知本文一直強(qiáng)調(diào)的激情對(duì)于需要銷售的職業(yè)來說很重要，而演說家不那么需要，所以B選項(xiàng)“售貨員”正確，A選項(xiàng)“企業(yè)家”，C選項(xiàng)“演說家”和D選項(xiàng)“店主”錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

29.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句Ifyoumanageacoffeeshoporrestaurant,isyourpassiontocreateawelcoming“thirdplace”betweenhomeandworkforyourcustomerstoenjoy?（如果你經(jīng)營(yíng)一家咖啡店或餐廳，你的激情會(huì)是在家庭和工作之間創(chuàng)造一個(gè)受歡迎的“第三空間”讓你的顧客享受嗎？），可知第三空間是拿來享受的，所以A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)享受的地方”正確，B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)分享你個(gè)人信息的商店”，C選項(xiàng)“咖啡店或餐廳”和D選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)可以展示你激情的私密場(chǎng)所”：不符合題意，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

30.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段第二句Thegreatspokespeopleofourtimehaveraisedthebaronwhatitmeanstobeabusinesscommunicator—andyou’rebeingcomparedtothem.（我們這個(gè)時(shí)代的偉大發(fā)言人提高了作為一名商業(yè)溝通者的意義——你被拿來和他們比較。），可知各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的發(fā)言人讓商務(wù)交流的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)更高，所以A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)商務(wù)交流者的更高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”正確。B選項(xiàng)“溝通中信息的更好表達(dá)”：表述不準(zhǔn)確，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“商務(wù)交流者應(yīng)該掌握的10種技巧”和D選項(xiàng)“商務(wù)交流者被拿來和發(fā)言人比較”：是一方面的內(nèi)容，不足以概括這部分主旨，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Onedayin2008ananonymousTwitteruserpostedamessage:“Iamcertainlynotbored,waybusy!feelgreat!”Thatisallwellandgood,onemightthink,bututterlyuninterestingtoanyonebesidestheauthorand,perhaps,afewfriends.Notso,accordingtoJohnBollen,ofIndianaUniversityBloomington,whocollectedthetweet,alongwithplentyofotherssentthatday.Allwereratedforemotionalcontent.Manyprovedsimilarlychirpy,scoringhighonconfidence,energyandhappiness.Indeed,Dr.Bollenreckons,onthedaythetweetwasposted,America’scollectivemoodperkedupanotch.Whenheandhisteamexaminedallthedatafortheautumnandwinterof2008,theyfoundthatTwitterusers’collectivemoodswingscoincidedwithnationalevents.HappinessshotuparoundThanksgiving,forexample.

Theideaoftappingweb-baseddatatobuildareal-timemeasureofusers’emotionsandpreferenceisnotnew.Noristhatofusingtheresultstopredicttheirbehavior.Interestininternetforecastingwassparkedbyapaperpublishedin2009byHalVarian,Google’schiefeconomist.HefoundthatthepeaksandtroughsinthevolumeofGooglesearchesforcertainproducts,suchascarsandholidays,precededfluctuationsinsalesofthoseproducts.Otherresearchershaveshownthatsearchesforjob-relatedtermsareagoodpredictorofunemploymentratesandthatmentionsofpoliticalcandidatesonTwittercorrelatewithelectoraloutcomes.

Dr.Bollenspottedanothercuriouscorrelation.WhenhecomparedtrendsinthenationalmoodwithmovementsoftheDowJonesIndustrialAverage(DJIA)henoticedthatchangesinoneofthemoodmeasure’ssevencomponents,anxiety,predictedswingsintheshare-priceindex.Spikesinanxietylevelswerefollowed,aroundthreedayslater,bydipsinthepriceofshares.Whyhishappensremainsunclear,butonepossibleexplanationisthatthefallingpriceswerecausedbytraders’tendencytoexitriskypositionswhenfeelingstrungup.

Dr.Bollen’salgorithm,whichhedescribedinapaperpublishedinFebruaryintheJournalofComputationalScience,hasbeenlicensedtoDerwentCapitalMarkets,ahedgefundbasedinLondon.Derwentwilluseittohelpguidetheinvestmentsmadewitha￡25m($41m)fundthatthefirmhopestolaunchinthenextfewmonths.Otherfundsarerumouredtobeusingsimilartricksalready.

Allsuchinitiativesfaceaproblem,though.Humansexcelatextractingmeaningandsentimentfromeventhetiniestsnippetsoftext,ataskthatstumpsmachines.Toacomputer,atweetthatreads“Feelingjoyfulaftermytriptothedentist.Yeah,really”saysthattheauthorhasbeentothedentistandisnowhappy.Researchershaverecentlymadestridesinteachingmachinestorecognizesuchsarcasm,aswellasdoublemeaningsofculturalreferences.

16.WecaninferfromParagraph1that________.

17.BymentioningHalVarian,theauthorintendstostatethat________.

18.Share-pricegoesdownprobablybecauseof________.

19.Theunderlinedword“stump”refersto________.

20.Whatdoesthequotedcontentofthelastparagraphmeans?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Dr.Bollenhasexaminedalltheinternetdataof2008todothisresearch

B.tweetsofonepersonistotallyboring,eventohis/herfriends

C.oneTweeteruser’sfeelingcannotrepresentAmerica’scollectivemood

D.Tweeteruser’smoodinthesecondhalfof2008accordedwiththecountry’sevents

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hisfindinghasarousedthinkingandresearchonpredictionsbasedonInternetdata

B.hisfindinghaspredictedtheincreaseofunemploymentrate

C.hisfindinghasforecastthepricefluctuationofcertainproducts

D.hisfindinghasbeenhighlyvaluedbybeingpublishedonnewspaper

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thehedgefunds’trickshavingbeenrevealed

B.people’sconcernaboutpoliticalelection

C.experts’predictionofswingsintheindex

D.people’stendencytoretreatinvestmentwhenanxious

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.need

B.puzzle

C.surpass

D.redefine

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thealgorithmofcomputersguidedsomefondcompanies’investment.

B.Machinescannottellthehiddenmeaningofpeople’swords.

C.Theslangaboutdentistconfusescomputers.

D.Peoplearegoodataanalyzingthemeaningandmoodofatext.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】16.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句Whenheandhisteamexaminedallthedatafortheautumnandwinterof2008,theyfoundthatTwitterusers’collectivemoodswingscoincidedwithnationalevents.（他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)檢查了2008年秋冬的所有數(shù)據(jù)后，發(fā)現(xiàn)推特用戶的集體情緒波動(dòng)與國(guó)家事件相一致。），可知D選項(xiàng)“推特用戶在2008年下半年的情緒與國(guó)家的事件相符”正確；查閱的是2008年秋冬的數(shù)據(jù)，故A選項(xiàng)“為了做這項(xiàng)研究，博倫博士查閱了2008年所有的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)”錯(cuò)誤；一個(gè)推特用戶是集體的體現(xiàn)，而集體情緒與國(guó)家事件相符合，所以一個(gè)推特用戶可以代表國(guó)家的集體情緒，故C選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)推特用戶的感受不能代表美國(guó)的集體情緒”錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)用戶和他的朋友來說，推特非常無聊”：根據(jù)第一段第二句Thatisallwellandgood,onemightthink,bututterlyuninterestingtoanyonebesidestheauthorand,perhaps,afewfriends.（人們可能會(huì)認(rèn)為，這一切都很好，但除了作者本人，或許還有他的幾個(gè)朋友之外，其他任何人都不會(huì)感興趣。），可知對(duì)于推特用戶和他朋友來說，推特不無聊，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

17.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第三句Interestininternetforecastingwassparkedbyapaperpublishedin2009byHalVarian,Google’schiefeconomist.（谷歌首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家哈爾?瓦里安2009年發(fā)表的一篇論文激發(fā)了人們對(duì)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)預(yù)測(cè)的興趣。），可知作者想要表達(dá)A選項(xiàng)“他的發(fā)現(xiàn)引起了對(duì)基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)的預(yù)測(cè)的思考和研究”，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“他的發(fā)現(xiàn)預(yù)測(cè)了失業(yè)率的上升”和C選項(xiàng)“他的發(fā)現(xiàn)預(yù)測(cè)了某些產(chǎn)品的價(jià)格波動(dòng)”：是研究結(jié)果的一部分內(nèi)容，不是作者的意圖，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“他的發(fā)現(xiàn)被刊登在報(bào)紙上，受到高度評(píng)價(jià)”：文章沒有提到人們對(duì)此的評(píng)價(jià)，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

18.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句butonepossibleexplanationisthatthefallingpriceswerecausedbytraders’tendencytoexitriskypositionswhenfeelingstrungup.（但有可能價(jià)格下跌是由于交易員在感到緊張時(shí)傾向于退出風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。），可知股價(jià)下跌可能是因?yàn)镈選項(xiàng)“人們?cè)诮箲]時(shí)傾向于撤回投資”，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)沖基金的把戲已經(jīng)被揭露了”和C選項(xiàng)“專家對(duì)指數(shù)波動(dòng)的預(yù)測(cè)”：文章沒有提到對(duì)沖基金和專家，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“人們對(duì)政治選舉的關(guān)注”：文章沒有提到政治和股票的關(guān)系，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

19.語義推測(cè)題。stump意思為把……難住，A選項(xiàng)“需要”，B選項(xiàng)“使……為難”，C選項(xiàng)“超越”，D選項(xiàng)“重新定義”。根據(jù)第五段第二句Humansexcelatextractingmeaningandsentimentfromeventhetiniestsnippetsoftext,ataskthatstumpsmachines.（人類擅長(zhǎng)從哪怕是最微小的文本片段中提取意義和情感，這是機(jī)器無法完成的任務(wù)。），根據(jù)語境，人類可以知道文本的意義與情感，推測(cè)stump代表機(jī)器不能做到，因此B選項(xiàng)“使……為難”正確。

20.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句Humansexcelatextractingmeaningandsentimentfromeventhetiniestsnippetsoftext,ataskthatstumpsmachines.（人類擅長(zhǎng)從哪怕是最微小的文本片段中提取意義和情感，這是機(jī)器無法完成的任務(wù)。），然后作者舉出機(jī)器如何識(shí)別文本的內(nèi)涵證明這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，所以B選項(xiàng)“機(jī)器不能辨別人的話語中隱藏的意思”正確，C選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于牙醫(yī)的俚語使電腦困惑”和D選項(xiàng)“人們善于分析文章的意思和語氣”不是這里的重點(diǎn)，故錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“計(jì)算機(jī)算法引導(dǎo)了一些基金公司的投資”：文章沒有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

“Doyouwanttosee______myIDcardormydriver’slicense?”“Eitherwilldo.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.every

B.each

C.either

D.both

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)every“每個(gè)”；B選項(xiàng)each“各個(gè)”；C選項(xiàng)either“（兩者中的）任何一個(gè)”，either…or“是……還是……”；D選項(xiàng)both“兩者”，both…and“兩個(gè)都”。句意：你要看我的身份證還是駕駛執(zhí)照？隨便哪一個(gè)都行。根據(jù)語境，這里問的是要看身份證還是駕駛證，結(jié)合后面or，either…or符合語境，C選項(xiàng)either“（兩者中的）任何一個(gè)”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.翻譯題

SectionAEnglishtoChinese(20points)

TranslatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonyourANSWERSHEET.

Economistsdon’tforecastbecausetheyknow,theyforecastbecausethey’reasked.(36)Aquestionthatisincreasinglyputtothemiswhetherinflation,whichhasbeenremarkablyquiescentforyears,willspringasurprisein2016.Afterall,thedebttroublesthathaveweigheddownricheconomiessince2007arefading;labormarketsinAmerica,BritainandGermanyareincreasinglytight;housingmarketsaregatheringsteam;andtheFederalReservehasjustraisedinterestratesforthefirsttimeinalmostadecade.

InflationinAmericaandEuropeshouldindeedpickupfromitspresent,near-zerostateasthebigdeclinesinenergypricesattheturnof2015dropoutoftheheadlinerate.Butaglutinthesupplyofcrudemeansthatoilpricesarefallingagain.(37)Ifdebtisrecedingasaprobleminrichcountries,itloomslargerinemergingmarkets,whereovercapacitybroughtonbybinge（放縱、沉溺）borrowingexertsadownwardforceonprices.Thereisinflationincommodity-exportingcountries,suchasBrazil,whosecurrencieshavebeentrashed.Butglobalinflationisatug-ofwarbetweenbottlenecksinpartsoftherichworldandimporteddeflationfromemergingmarkets,andtheenduringfallorstagnationofpriceslookssettodominateforawhileyet.

StartwithSaudiArabia.Thefallingpriceofcrudeisinpartaconsequenceofitscommitment(reiteratedbyOPECministersonDecember4th)toproduceatfulltilt.TheideaistoflushouttheweakerproducersinAmerica’sshale-oilindustryandelsewhere.(38)Thisisprovingacostlygambit.SaudiArabianeedsabarrelofoiltofetcharound$85tofinancepublicspendingandaround$60tokeepitscurrentaccountinbalance.Yettheoilpricerecentlyfellbelow$36,toan11-yearlow,beforereboundingalittle.Americahassustainedoilproductionofabove9mbarrelsaday,despiteasharpfallinthenumberofoilrigs,suggestingthatshalefirmsarebecomingmoreefficient.

Oneoutcomefromcontinuedlow-flationwillbeincreasinglylopsidedeconomiesintherichworld,particularlyinAmerica,whererecoveryismoreadvancedthaninEurope.(39)Ifproductivitystaysasweakasithasbeenrecently,unemploymentislikelytofallstillfurther.Atthesametime,slowgrowthinemergingmarketsislikelytokeepdownwardpressureoncommoditypricesandontheircurrencies.AstrongdollarhasalreadydrivenawedgebetweentheperformanceofAmerica’smanufacturingandserviceindustries.FurtherappreciationwouldmakeitharderfortheFederalReservetopushthroughmoreincreasesininterestrates.

【答案】36.一個(gè)問題越發(fā)常見：沉寂多年的通貨膨脹，會(huì)否在2016年突然爆發(fā)。畢竟，自從2007年以來，拖累經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的債務(wù)問題正在消退；美國(guó)、英國(guó)和德國(guó)的勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)日趨緊張；房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)正蓄勢(shì)待發(fā)；最近美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)近十年來第一次提高利率。

37.如果發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的債務(wù)不再是一個(gè)問題，那就會(huì)隱現(xiàn)在新興市場(chǎng)，過度借貸迫使價(jià)格下降而導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)力過剩。巴西等商品出口國(guó)出現(xiàn)了通貨膨脹，貨幣已經(jīng)貶值。但是全球通貨膨脹是部分發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的瓶頸期和新興市場(chǎng)的輸入型通貨緊縮之間的拉鋸戰(zhàn)，而持久的價(jià)格下跌或停滯看來還會(huì)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間。

38.事實(shí)證明，這是一個(gè)代價(jià)高昂的策略。沙特阿拉伯需要每桶石油賣85美元才能支撐公共支出，需要賣60美元才能維持收支平衡。然而，最近油價(jià)在回升之前跌破36美元，創(chuàng)11年新低。

39.如果生產(chǎn)力持續(xù)疲軟，失業(yè)率可能會(huì)進(jìn)一步下降。與此同時(shí)，新興市場(chǎng)的緩慢增長(zhǎng)可能會(huì)給大宗商品價(jià)格和貨幣帶來下行壓力。強(qiáng)勢(shì)美元已在美國(guó)制造業(yè)和服務(wù)業(yè)之間造成了裂痕。進(jìn)一步升值將使美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)更難推動(dòng)進(jìn)一步加息。

13.單選題

Thegoodnewsmadeheadlinesnationwide:Deathsfromseveralkindsofcancerhavedeclinedsignificantlyinrecentyears.Butthenewshastobebittersweetformanycancerpatientsandtheirfamilies.Everyyear,morethan500,000peopleintheUnitedStatesstilldieofcancer.Infact,morethanhalfofallpatientsdiagnosedwithcancerwilldieoftheirdiseasewithinafewyears.Andwhileitstruesurvivalislongertodaythaninthepast,thequalityoflifeforthesepatientsisoftengreatlydiminished.Cancer—andmanyofthetreatmentsusedtofightit—causespain,nausea,fatigue,andanxietythatroutinelygoundertreatedoruntreated.

Inthenation’ssingle-mindedfocusoncuringcancer,wehaveinadvertentlydevaluedthecriticalneedforpalliativecare,whichfocusesonalleviatingphysicalandpsychologicalsymptomsoverthecourseofthedisease.Nothingwouldhaveagreaterimpactonthedailylivesofcancerpatientsandtheirfamiliesthangoodsymptomcontrolandsupportivetherapy.YettheNationalCancerInstitute(NCI),thefederalgovernment’sleaderincancerresearchandtraining,spentlessthanonepercentofits1999budgetonanyaspectofresearchortraininginpalliativecare.

Thenationneedstogetseriousaboutreducingneedlesssuffering.NCIshouldcommittoandfundresearchaimedatimprovingsymptomcontrolandpalliativecare.NCIalsocoulddesignate“centersofexcellence”amongthecancercentersitrecognizes.Togetthatdesignation,centerswoulddeliverinnovative,top-qualitypalliativecaretoallsegmentsofthepopulationsthecentersserve;trainprofessionalsinmedicine,nursing,psychology,socialwork,andotherdisciplinestoprovidepalliativecare;andconductresearch.

Insurancecoverageforpalliativeandhospicecarealsocontributestotheproblembyforcingpeopletochoosebetweentreatmentorhospicecare.This“either/or”approachdoesnotreadilyallowthesetwotypesofessentialcaretobeintegrated.TheMedicarehospicebenefitisdesignedspecificallyforpeopleinthefinalstagesofillnessandallowsenrollmentonlyifpatientsareexpectedtosurvivesixmonthsorless.Thebenefitexcludespatientsfromseekingbothpalliativecareandpotentiallylife-extendingtreatment.

Thatmakeshospiceenrollmentanobviousdeterrentformanypatients.Andhospices,whichmayhavethemostskilledpractitionersandthemostexperienceinadministeringpalliativecare,cannotoffertheirservicestopeoplewhocouldreallybenefitbutstillarepursuingactivetreatment.

Itisinnatelyhumantocomfortandprovidecaretothosesufferingfromcancer,particularlythoseclosetodeath.Yetwhatseemsself-evidentatanindividual,personallevelhasnotguidedpolicyatthelevelofinstitutionsinthiscountry.Deathisinevitable,butseveresufferingisnot.Toofferhopeforalonglifeofthehighestpossiblequalityandtodeliverthebestqualitycancercarefromdiagnosestodeath,ourpublicinstitutionsneedtomovetowardpoliciesthatvalueandpromotepalliativecare.

16.Palliativecareisconcernedwithimprovingpatients’________.

17.Accordingtotheauthor,researchonpalliativecare________.

18.Themainproblemofinsurancecoverageforhospicecareandactivetreatmentisthat________.

19.Hospicesoffercancerpatients________.

20.Thistextismainlyabout________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.survivalrates

B.qualityoflife

C.lifespans

D.optionsforhealthinsuranceproviders

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ismoreimportantthanresearchforcancercures

B.hasbeenoverlookedbyresearchers

C.isvirtuallynon-existent

D.isregardedbyresearchersasafrivoloustopic

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itdoesnotallowpatientstoseekboth

B.itonlycoverspatientswhoselifeexpectancyislessthansixmonths

C.itdeprivespatientsoftherighttochoosebetweentwoproventreatmentmethods

D.hospicecareisonlycoveredwhenitmayextendapatient’slifeexpectancy

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.analternativetopalliativecare

B.comfortintheirearlystagesofillness

C.skilledandexperiencedpalliativecare

D.analternativetoactivetreatment

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.improvingcancerresearchintheU.S

B.reforminginsurancecoverageforcancerpatients

C.understandingdifferentoptionsforcancertreatmentandcare

D.reducingthesufferingofcancerpatients

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】16.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句palliativecare,whichfocusesonalleviatingphysicalandpsychologicalsymptomsoverthecourseofthedisease.（姑息治療的重點(diǎn)是在疾病過程中減輕身體和心理癥狀。）和第二句Nothingwouldhaveagreaterimpactonthedailylivesofcancerpatientsandtheirfamiliesthangoodsymptomcontrolandsu