非謂語做定語的區(qū)別市公開課金獎(jiǎng)市賽課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

非謂語做定語第1頁(yè)能做定語非謂語動(dòng)詞有：_________，______,_______Wehavealotofhomework______________.我們有很多作業(yè)要做.2.Doyouknowtheboy_____________________________?你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)在游泳池游泳男孩嗎？3.Wearestudyinginaschool___________.我們?cè)谝凰ㄓ?934年學(xué)校讀書觀察以下句子swimmingintheswimmingpoolbuiltin1934總結(jié)動(dòng)詞ing過去分詞動(dòng)詞不定式todo第2頁(yè)意義動(dòng)詞不定式：________________過去分詞：________________________動(dòng)詞ing動(dòng)名詞：________________________現(xiàn)在分詞：________________________________________________表示還未發(fā)生動(dòng)作表示已經(jīng)完成，被動(dòng)動(dòng)作表示所修飾詞一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行，主動(dòng)動(dòng)作表示所修飾詞性質(zhì)，用途W(wǎng)ehavealotofhomeworktodo.Doyouknowtheboyswimmingintheswimmingpool.Wearestudyinginaschoolbuiltin1934.第3頁(yè)朗誦以下句子，思索劃線部分充當(dāng)什么句子成份？充當(dāng)該句子成份是什么詞？1)Thebook

writtenbythepeasantisinteresting.2）Americaisadeveloped

country.過去分詞短語作定語過去分詞作定語，表示動(dòng)作已完成。它與被修飾詞是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系第4頁(yè)Chinaisadeveloping

country.4）Didyouknowthegirl

dancingwithyourbrother?5）Theylivedinaroomfacingthenorth.現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）與被修飾詞是主謂關(guān)系，而且表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）與被修飾詞是主謂關(guān)系第5頁(yè)6)Hehasameeting

toattend.7)Ihavealetter

totype.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語，普通表示“未來”意義。動(dòng)詞不定式作定語注意：不定式與被修飾詞之間即使是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，但句子主語是不定式邏輯主語時(shí)，不定式要用主動(dòng)形式（todo)。比較：Ihavealetter

tobetyped.Ihavealetter

totype.前者說明主語I不是type這個(gè)動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者；后者說明主語I是type這個(gè)動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者第6頁(yè)8）另外，假如這這個(gè)作定語不定式是一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞，注意不可忽略不定式短語中副詞或介詞。如：Ineedapentowritewith．(可看成：towritewiththepen)（介賓）Shenowhasnothingtoworryabout．(可看成：toworryaboutnothing)（介賓）第7頁(yè)9）不定式還用來修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)或no,all,any等不定代詞限定中心詞。如：Hewasthebestmantodothejob.ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.Thepoorchildrenhadlittletoeat.10）不定式修飾一些表示方向、原因、時(shí)間、機(jī)會(huì)、權(quán)利等抽象名詞如：ability能力；movement活動(dòng)；ambition理想；effort努力；failure失敗；opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；chance機(jī)會(huì)；promise許諾；courage勇氣；intention意圖；decision決定；determination決心motive動(dòng)機(jī)；tendency趨勢(shì)；wish愿望等。如：DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteEnglish?Ihave

achancetogosight–seeing.第8頁(yè)不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作定語表被動(dòng)情況：1）不定式作定語表示未來動(dòng)作。如：Thebridgetobebuiltnextmonthisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver．2）現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示正在進(jìn)行動(dòng)作。如：Thebridgebeingbuiltnowisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver．3）過去分詞作定語表示已完成動(dòng)作。如：Thebridgebuiltlastyearisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver．第9頁(yè)注意：現(xiàn)在分詞完成式（having+過去分詞）不能作定語，此時(shí)能夠用一個(gè)定語從句代替

如：完成作業(yè)那些人現(xiàn)在能夠回家了。

誤：Thosehavingfinishedtheirhomeworkcangohomenow.

正：Thosewhohavefinishedtheirhomeworkcangohomenow.

第10頁(yè)1.Shehasnopencil_______.A.towritewithB.towriteaboutC.towriteD.writein2.Shesaidshehadaimportantmeeting_____.A.toattendinB.toattendC.attendD.attendingAB★若作定語動(dòng)詞不定式是vi,后必須要有介詞Practice第11頁(yè)3.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole___inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplayingB★不定式做定語時(shí):(1).todo表示事情由句子主語自己做;(2).tobedone表示事情由他人做;第12頁(yè)4.I’mthirsty.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomething______.A.drunk B.todrinkC.tobedrunk D.fordrinking5.Heisalwaysthefirst______questions.A.toanswerB.answeringC.tobeansweredD.beingansweredBA★不定式常作不定代詞和序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)后置定語第13頁(yè)定語綜合練習(xí)：用所給詞適當(dāng)形式填空。1)Theyoungman________(sit)betweenJohnandMaryistheeditorofthecampusnewspaper.2)Themeeting,_________(attend)by1,000students,wasasuccess.3)Thehouse_______(build)lastyearismyuncle’shouse.

builtsittingattended第14頁(yè)4)Thebuilding__________(build)nextyearwillbetheteachingbuilding.5)Thebuilding__________(build)nowwillbethelabbuilding.tobebuiltbeingbuilt不定式與被修飾詞之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系且表示即將進(jìn)行動(dòng)作就用動(dòng)詞不定式被動(dòng)式（tobedone)。假如非謂語動(dòng)詞與被修飾詞之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系且表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行就用現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)式（beingdone)第15頁(yè)6）Thehouse_______________(

repair）nextmonthwillbemine.7）Thehouse__________________(decorate)nowismine.toberepairedbeingdecorated第16頁(yè)即時(shí)鞏固練習(xí)用所給動(dòng)詞正確形式填空：1)Theman__________(question)inthepolicestationnowisaspy．2)Aman_______(respect)otherswillberespected．3)shecanfindnoone_______(make)friendswith．4)Isthereanybody_______(answer)thequestion?5)Halfoftheguests_______(invite)totheconferencewereforeigners.beingquestionedrespectingtomaketoanswerinvited第17頁(yè)6)Shewouldbethebest_______(agree)theopinion．7)Thematter_________(discuss)nowisveryimportant．8)Thatistheway_________(operate)themachine．9)Shewasthenaprofessor_______(love)byallherstudents．10)Becausehehadmuchmoney________(spend)，theboyformedabadhabit．toagreebeingdiscussedtooperatelovedtospend第18頁(yè)

Thankyou!第19頁(yè)

非謂語做賓語補(bǔ)足語第20頁(yè)1）Isawthemissingboyplayingbytheriver.2)Iwillhelpyou(to)improveyourEnglish.3)IsawTomgetintothecar.4)Hehadhiscarrepairedyesterday.5)Wefoundoneoftheglassesbroken.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語被動(dòng)，完成含義表狀態(tài)，表完成意義表動(dòng)作主動(dòng)正在進(jìn)行表未來主動(dòng)意義強(qiáng)調(diào)主動(dòng)動(dòng)作全過程第21頁(yè)see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento1.能接賓語補(bǔ)足語幾類動(dòng)詞:1)表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)感官動(dòng)詞第22頁(yè)①Isawhercomeintotheclassroom.②Isawhercomingintotheclassroom.③Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.主語+感官動(dòng)詞+名詞+省略to動(dòng)詞不定式(dosth.)動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞(動(dòng)詞ing)動(dòng)詞過去分詞（V-ed）感官動(dòng)詞接不同賓補(bǔ)區(qū)別（省略to動(dòng)詞不定式：表示賓語動(dòng)作全過程）（表示賓語正在進(jìn)行主動(dòng)動(dòng)作）（表示賓語一個(gè)被動(dòng)或完成動(dòng)作）結(jié)構(gòu)comeintotheclassroomcomingintotheclassroomtaken這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)假如換成被動(dòng)語態(tài)，賓那么主語補(bǔ)足語中to要還原。Shewasseentocomeintotheclassroom.第23頁(yè)1.能接賓語補(bǔ)足語幾類動(dòng)詞:Isawhim_______(play)basketballontheplaygroundjustnow.Hewasseen______(play)basketballjustnow.Theteachersawhim___(slip)awayfromtheclassroom.playingslipplaying練習(xí)第24頁(yè)2.帶有“致使”含義使役動(dòng)詞(make,have,

let,

get,keep,leave等)慣用結(jié)構(gòu)①havesth.done=getsth.done“使/讓某事由他人去做”（叫/讓某人做某事）。I’llhave/getmybikerepairedtomorrow.另外,havesth.done還表示“使遭受……”之意。Tomhadhislegbrokenwhileplayingfootball.Mr.Smithhadhishousebrokenintowhilehewasawayonholiday.第25頁(yè)makeoneself/sthdone表示讓/使自己被……普通搭配：makeoneselfunderstood/heard/seen/noticed/recognized/known如:Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimselfheard.第26頁(yè)②havesb./sth.doing使/讓某人/物連續(xù)地做某事（現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行）getsb./sth.doing使某人/物開始行動(dòng)起來如：Thepeasantshadthetractorworkingdayandnightattheharvesttime.農(nóng)忙時(shí)，農(nóng)民們讓拖拉機(jī)夜以繼日地干活。Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardthefrontafterashortrest.休息了片刻之后，上尉讓士兵們開始朝前線行進(jìn)起來。第27頁(yè)注意：“havesb.doing”若用于否定句中，其中have有“容忍”之意。如：Iwon’thaveyouspeakingtoyourparentslikethat.我不會(huì)讓你那樣子跟你父母說話。Don’thavethewaterrunningallthetime.不要讓水流個(gè)不停。第28頁(yè)③havesb.dosth=makesbdosth=letsbdosth=(getsb.todosth.)使/讓/叫某人去做某事如：Motherhadmebuysomesalt.Tomoftenmakeshissistercry.

Letmehelpyou.Ican’tgethimtostopsmoking.Hewon’tlistentome.第29頁(yè)3）Theteacherhadhim________(stand)allthetime.1）Hewantstomake/have/gethimself_____（hear）.2）Themothergetherdaughter

_______（help)

herinhouseworkallday.練習(xí)heardtohelpstanding第30頁(yè)4)Hegothissister_________(write)

aletterforhim.5)Ihadthatdoor___________(paint)onlylastweek.6)Ourteachershaveus______(do)ourhomeworkeveryday.7)Thebosshadtheworkers_______(work)allnightlong.8)AweekagoIhadahundreddollars__________(save).towritepainteddoworkingsaved第31頁(yè)Leave使用方法1）leave后接三種形式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，其中l(wèi)eave保留了原來之義“留下”，但表示確實(shí)切之義應(yīng)是“使……處于某種狀態(tài)）。leavesb.todosth.留下某人做某事Heleft,leavingmetodoalltherestwork.（主動(dòng)，未來）他走了，留下我一人去做剩下工全部工作。leavesb/sthdoingsth.讓某人/某物一直做某事（賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間是主謂關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。）如：It’swrongofyoutoleavethemachinerunning.你讓機(jī)器一直開著是不正確.（主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行）第32頁(yè)leavesth.undone留下某事未做（賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示被動(dòng)和完成，一般以u(píng)ndone,unfinished,unsettled,untouched為多）Theguestsleftmostofthedishesuntouched,becausetheydidn’ttastedelicious.客人們沒有動(dòng)大部分菜，因?yàn)樗鼈儑L起來不可口。（被動(dòng)，完成）leavesth.tobedone留下某事要做（不定式表示將來動(dòng)作。）Wehurriedlyendedourmeeting,leavingmanyproblemstobesettled.我們匆慌忙忙地結(jié)束了會(huì)議，留下了很多問題等待解決。（被動(dòng)，將來）第33頁(yè)keep1)Themanagerpromisedtokeepme________(inform)ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.2)Themotherdidn’tpayanyattentiontoherson’srequest.Shewentoutandlefttheboy______(cry)intheroom.sb/sthdoing(讓某人/某物一直處于某種狀態(tài)）Sth.done(使某事物被…）注意keep和leave在該句型中含有使役意味，但同時(shí)也保留了本身意義，keep有“保持”意思，leave有“留下”意思。練習(xí)informedcrying第34頁(yè)①她想讓他人明白她意思。Shewantedto____________________.②你應(yīng)該讓大家知道你觀點(diǎn)。Youshould_____yourviews______.③她把自己一顆牙拔掉了。She________hertooth_________.④司機(jī)無法將車子開啟。_________couldn’t_______________.⑤他閉著眼睛。__________________.⑥他起床太慢，以致于留下午飯沒吃完。_______soslowlythathe___________________.makeherselfunderstoodgot/hadpulledout.ThedrivergetthecarstartedHekepthiseyesclosedHegotupleftthelunchunfinishedmakeknown第35頁(yè)3）.“希望，愿望，命令”這一類動(dòng)詞（want,wish,like,expect,order等）Theteacherdidn’twanttheproblem（tobe)discussedatthemoment.老師不想此刻討論這個(gè)問題。第36頁(yè)①我們想讓這項(xiàng)工作在6點(diǎn)整完成。___________________at6o’clock.②他命令計(jì)劃在周五前執(zhí)行。_______________________beforeFriday.③他不希望將此事提及。Hedidn’t____it_________.④我想把我雞蛋煮了。Iwould______________.⑤父母?jìng)兤谕⒆觽兊玫胶谜樟?。______________________good_____.WewanttheworkfinishedwishmentionedlikemyeggsboiledHeorderedtheplancarriedoutParentsexpectchildrentakencareof第37頁(yè)5）“with＋賓語＋非謂語動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)①Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands____(tie)behindhisback.②Withalotofwork_________（finish）,hewon’tgotravelingwithus.③Withthefrontdoor________（paint）,hewasnotallowedtogoout.④Withaman________(stare)her,thegirlfeltupset.總結(jié)：動(dòng)詞不定式（todo）通常表示

；動(dòng)詞-ing形式通常表示

，動(dòng)詞beingdone表示—————?jiǎng)釉~-ed形式則含有________tiedtofinishbeingpaintedstaring未來動(dòng)作主動(dòng)/進(jìn)行動(dòng)作被動(dòng)完成動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行被動(dòng)動(dòng)作第38頁(yè)

Thankyou!第39頁(yè)1.用不定式作定語幾個(gè)情況：1）不定式表未來：Iborrowedsomebookstoreadduringmyholiday.2）用來修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)或no,all,any等不定代詞限定中心詞。如：Hewasthebestmantodothejob.ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.Thepoorchildrenhadlittletoeat.3）不定式修飾一些表示方向、原因、時(shí)間、機(jī)會(huì)、權(quán)利等抽象名詞如：ability能力；movement活動(dòng)；ambition理想；effort努力；failure失??；opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；chance機(jī)promise許諾；courage勇氣；intention意圖；decision決定；determination決心；motive動(dòng)機(jī)；tendency趨勢(shì)；wish愿望等。如：DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteEnglish?Ihave

achancetogosight–seeing.不定式、分詞和動(dòng)名詞作定語區(qū)分：通常放在被修飾名詞后面第40頁(yè)不定式、分詞和動(dòng)名詞作定語區(qū)分：4）它和被修飾名詞有時(shí)有動(dòng)賓，主謂等關(guān)系。如：Hewasthefirstmantodothejob

（主謂）I’dliketogetsomethingtodrink．（動(dòng)賓）Thereisnotimetogothere.（主謂）DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteEnglish?（主謂）第41頁(yè)另外，假如這這個(gè)作定語不定式是一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞，注意不可忽略不定式短語中副詞或介詞。如：Ineedapentowritewith．(可看成：towritewiththepen)（介賓）Shenowhasnothingtoworryabout．(可看成：toworryaboutnothing)（介賓）第42頁(yè)5）看成定語不定式所修飾名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作承受者時(shí)，不定式既能夠用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，也可用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，但其含義有所不一樣。試比較：Haveyouanythingtosend?你有什么東西要寄嗎？（不定式tosend動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是“你”）Haveyouanythingtobesent?你有什么要（我或他人）寄東西嗎？（不定式tobesent動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是“我”或“他人”）Practice:1).I’mgoingtoBeijingnextweek.Doyouhaveanything___________(take)toyourson?2).AreyougoingtoBeijing?Doyouhaveanything__________(take)toyourson?tobetakentotake第43頁(yè)不定式作定語總結(jié)：1.若作定語動(dòng)詞不定式是vi,后必須要有介詞;2.(1).todo表示事情由句子主語自己做;(2).tobedone表示事情由他人做;3.不定式常作不定代詞和序數(shù)詞,最高級(jí)后置定語。第44頁(yè)P(yáng)ractice1.Shehasnopencil_______.A.towritewithB.towriteaboutC.towriteD.writein2.Shesaidshehadaimportantmeeting_____.A.toattendinB.toattendC.attendD.attendingAB★若作定語動(dòng)詞不定式是vi,后必須要有介詞I.不定式作定語第45頁(yè)3.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole___inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplayingB★不定式做定語時(shí):(1).todo表示事情由句子主語自己做;(2).tobedone表示事情由他人做;第46頁(yè)4.I’mthirsty.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomething______.A.drunk B.todrinkC.tobedrunk D.fordrinking5.Heisalwaysthefirst______questions.A.toanswerB.answeringC.tobeansweredD.beingansweredBA★不定式常作不定代詞和序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)后置定語第47頁(yè)2）現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞作定語區(qū)分1.現(xiàn)在分詞和被修飾名詞有邏輯上主謂關(guān)系。單個(gè)分詞作定語放在被修飾名詞前面，分詞短語放在被修飾名詞后面。如：Afishingboywassittingattheendoftheboat.（主動(dòng)，正在）Thesoldierridingahorsewasmybrother．Theylivedinaroomfacingthenorth.2.動(dòng)名詞用來說明用途，和被修飾名詞在邏輯上無主謂關(guān)系。動(dòng)名詞作定語只能放在被修飾名詞前面。如：Therewasonlyonefishingboatontheriver．

(用來打魚------說明用途)Theoldmanneedsawalkingstickwhenhegoesout．（用來走路----拐杖------說明用途）（主動(dòng)，正在）（主動(dòng)）第48頁(yè)Ihavearadiomade

inChina.注意一些動(dòng)詞固定使用方法：Thelittlegirldressed

inwhiteisMary.(bedressedin)-----表示狀態(tài)3）過去分詞done作定語，語態(tài)是被動(dòng)。單個(gè)放在名詞前修飾，過去分詞短語放在名詞后進(jìn)行修飾。Lookatthebrokenglasses.（被動(dòng)，完成）（被動(dòng)，完成）第49頁(yè)(3)不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作定語有時(shí)在時(shí)態(tài)上有區(qū)分1）不定式作定語表示未來動(dòng)作。如：Thebridgetobebuiltnextmonthisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver．2）現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示正在進(jìn)行動(dòng)作。如：Thebridgebeingbuiltnowisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver．3）過去分詞作定語表示已完成動(dòng)作。如：Thebridgebuiltlastyearisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver．第50頁(yè)4）現(xiàn)在分詞完成式（having+過去分詞）不能作定語，此時(shí)能夠用一個(gè)定于從句代替

如：完成作業(yè)那些人現(xiàn)在能夠回家了。

誤：Thosehavingfinishedtheirhomeworkcangohomenow.

正：Thosewhohavefinishedtheirhomeworkcangohomenow.

第51頁(yè)即時(shí)鞏固練習(xí)用所給動(dòng)詞正確形式填空：1)Theman__________(question)inthepolicestationnowisaspy．2)Aman_______(respect)otherswillberespected．3)shecanfindnoone_______(make)friendswith．4)Isthereanybody_______(answer)thequestion?5)Halfoftheguests