2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-西南政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)81

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-西南政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

It’nosecretweareacultureconsumedbyimage.Economisthavelongrecognizedwhat’sbeendubbedthe“beautypremium’’--theideathatprettypeople,whatevertheiraspirations,tendtodobetterin,well,almosteverything.Handsomemenearn,onaverage,5percentmorethantheirless-attractivecounterparts(good-lookingwomenearn4percentmore);prettypeoplegetmoreattentionfromteachers,bosses,andmentors;evenbabiesstarelongeratgood-lookingfaces(andwestarelongeratgood-lookingbabies).Acoupleofdecadesago,whentheeconomywasthriving,wemighthavebrushedoffthosestatisticsassuperficial.Butin2010,there’sagrowingbundleofresearchtoshowthatourbiasagainsttheunattractiveismorepervasivethanever.Andwhenitcomestotheworkplace,it’slooks,notmerit,thatalltoooftenrule.

Newsweeksurveyed202corporatehiringmanagers,fromhuman-resourcesstafftosenior-levelvicepresidents,aswellas964membersofthepublic,onlytoconfirmwhatnoqualified(orunqualified)employeewantstoadmit:fromhiringtoofficepoliticstopromotions,even,lookinggoodisnolongersomethingwecandismissasfrivolousorvain.Fifty-sevenpercentofhiringmanagerssaidqualifiedblitunattractivecandidatesarelikelytohaveahardertimelandingajob,whilemorethanhalfadvisedspendingasmuchtimeandmoneyon“makingsuretheylookattractive”asonperfectingaresume.Askedtorankemployeeattributesinorderofimportance,meanwhile,managersplacedlooksaboveeducation:ofninecharactertraits,itcameinthird,belowexperience(No.l)andconfidence(No.2)butabove‘‘whereacandidatewenttoschool”(No.4).DoesthatmeanyoushoulddropoutofHarvardandinvestinanosejob?Probablynot.Butastateschoolmightbejustasmarketable.“Thisisthenewrealityofthejobmarket,”saysoneNewYorkrecruiter.“It’sbettertobeaverageandgood-lookingthanbrilliantandunattractive.

Today’sworkingwomenhaveachieved“equality”:theydominatetheworkforce,theyarehouseholdbreadwinners,andtheybalkathavingtosubverttheirsexuality,whetherintheboardroomoronthebeach.Yetwhiletheoutside-workmilieumightaccepttheempoweredyetfeminineideal,theworkplacesurelydoesnot.Studiesshowthatunattractivewomenremainatadisadvantageinlow-levelpositionslikesecretary,whileinupper-levelfieldsthatarehistoricallymale-dominated,good-lookingwomencansufferaso-calledbimboeffect.Theyareviewedastoofeminine,lessintelligent,andlesscompetent—notonlybymenbutalsobytheirfemalepeers.

1.The“beautypremium”calledbyeconomistsmeansthat（

）.

2.Whathaveresearchesin2010provedwhenitcomestoworkplace?

3.WhatcanwelearnfromthesurveyconductedbyNewsweek?

4.Whatcanwelearnabouttoday'sworkingwomen?

5.Whatis“bimboeffect”accordingtothelastparagraph?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beautifulpeopleperformbetterintheirjob

B.agoodimageisveryimportantinlandingajob

C.goodlooksensuresuccessinalmosteveryaspect

D.peopleshouldinvestmoneyandtimetobebetterlooking

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.itissuperficialtoattachimportancetophysicalappearance.

B.itiscommontoprefertheattractiveandhaveabiasagainsttheunattractive.

C.Itisthegeneralruletovaluebeautifullooksmorethanmerit.

D.Itislooksratherthanabilitythatplayacriticalrole.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Aperfectresumedoesnotmatterinhuntingajob.

B.Beautifulpeopletendtobemoreself-confident.

C.Beautyisanadvantageforanyonewithanyeducation.

D.Cosmeticsurgeryissuggestedtomakepeoplemorecompetitive.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareenslavedbyridiculousbeautystandards.

B.Theymakeupafractionoftheworkplace.

C.Theyareconfinedtobetheroleofofficetoy.

D.Theyareunwillingtosubverttheirsexuality.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theideathatwomenareatadisadvantageinworkplaces

B.Thebiasthatbeautifulwomenarefrivolousorvain.

C.Thenotionthatbeautifulwomenarenotintelligentorcompetent.

D.Theprejudicethatwomenshoulddojobsoflow-levelpositions

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“beautypremium”定位到第一段第二句“theideathatprettypeople,whatevertheiraspirations,tendtodobetterin,well,almosteverything.漂亮的人，不管他們的志向是什么，幾乎在所有事情上都會(huì)做得更好?！边x項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)時(shí)間點(diǎn)“2010”定位倒第一段最后一句“Butin2010,there’sagrowingbundleofresearchtoshowthatourbiasagainsttheunattractiveismorepervasivethanever.Andwhenitcomestotheworkplace,it’slooks,notmerit,thatalltoooftenrule.但在2010年，越來(lái)越多的研究表明，我們對(duì)相貌平平的偏見(jiàn)比以往任何時(shí)候都更加普遍。而在工作中，往往是外表而不是能力決定一切?！边x項(xiàng)A在文中沒(méi)有提及；選項(xiàng)C相對(duì)于選項(xiàng)B和D來(lái)說(shuō)更加準(zhǔn)確，因此本題選C。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Newsweek”定位到第二段第一句“《新聞周刊》調(diào)查了202名企業(yè)人事部經(jīng)理，從人力資源的員工到高級(jí)副總裁，以及964名公眾，只是為了確認(rèn)不合格員工想要承認(rèn)的事情：從招聘到辦公室爭(zhēng)斗再到晉升，實(shí)際上，看上去不錯(cuò)不再是我們認(rèn)為無(wú)價(jià)值的或者無(wú)用的而不予考慮?！边x項(xiàng)A和B在文中沒(méi)有提及；選項(xiàng)D明顯錯(cuò)誤；所以只有選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Today’sworkingwomenhaveachieved“equality”:theydominatetheworkforce,theyarehouseholdbreadwinners,andtheybalkathavingtosubverttheirsexuality,whetherintheboardroomoronthebeach.今天的職業(yè)女性已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了“平等”：她們?cè)趧趧?dòng)力中占據(jù)優(yōu)勢(shì)；她們是家庭的經(jīng)濟(jì)支柱；她們因?yàn)椴坏貌活嵏残詣e而畏畏縮縮，不管是在會(huì)議室還是在海灘上?！币簿褪钦f(shuō)，她們是不愿意顛覆自己的性別的。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Theyareviewedastoofeminine,lessintelligent,andlesscompetent—notonlybymenbutalsobytheirfemalepeers.她們被認(rèn)為太女性化、不夠聰明、不夠能干——不僅是男性，她們的女性同齡人也這么認(rèn)為。”選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.單選題

It’snoteasytofindasolutiontothecountry’slabor（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.decline

B.vacancy

C.rarity

D.shortage

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)decline“下降，衰退”；B選項(xiàng)vacancy“空缺”；C選項(xiàng)rarity“罕見(jiàn)，珍貴”；D選項(xiàng)shortage“短缺”。句意：要找到解決國(guó)家勞動(dòng)力短缺的辦法并不容易。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

3.單選題

Anydriverstoppedbythepoliceforsomeminortraffic（

）canbeaskedtotaketestforalcoholicdrinking.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.violation

B.accident

C.congestion

D.devastation

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)violation“違反，妨礙”；B選項(xiàng)accident“事故，意外”；C選項(xiàng)congestion“擁擠”；D選項(xiàng)devastation“毀壞”。句意：任何因輕微交通違規(guī)而被警察攔下的司機(jī)都可能被要求參加酒精測(cè)試。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

4.單選題

Theseseatsare（

）foroldandsickpeople.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conserved

B.deserved

C.preserved

D.reserved

【答案】D

【解析】近義詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)conserved“保存，保全”；B選項(xiàng)deserved“值得”；C選項(xiàng)preserved“保藏”；D選項(xiàng)reserved“保留”。句意：這些座位是留給老人和病人的。bereservedfor意為“為…保留”，所以選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

5.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

采取一切有效措施掃清“黃毒”，依法處理相關(guān)違法人員。

勞教制度廢止后，未觸犯刑法的違法者，將由社區(qū)采取措施進(jìn)行矯正。

醉酒駕駛機(jī)動(dòng)車的行為，要追究法律責(zé)任。

中國(guó)漁政船頻繁開(kāi)赴釣魚(yú)島，維護(hù)國(guó)家的合法權(quán)益。

打擊網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪，保護(hù)人民生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全。

依法行政是實(shí)現(xiàn)“中國(guó)夢(mèng)”的根本性制度保障。

【答案】Takealleffectivemeasurestoclearawaythepornographyanddrugsanddealwiththerelevantpersonswhobreaklawsinaccordancewiththelaw.

Aftertheabolishmentofthesystemofreeducationthroughlabor,thecommunitywilltakemeasurestocorrectthelawbreakerswhodonotviolatethecriminallaw.

Todriveamotorvehicleaftergettingdrunkshallbeinvestigatedforlegalresponsibility.

ChinesefisheryadministrationvesselsfrequentlysetoutforDiaoyuislandstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofourcountry.

Crackdownnetworkcrimeandprotectpeople'slivesandproperty.

Toadministerourgovernmentaccordingtolawisanessentialinstitutionalguaranteeforrealizingthe"Chinesedream".

6.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

1996年，世界上海拔最高的現(xiàn)代化的、多功能的大型圖書(shū)館西藏自治區(qū)圖書(shū)館建成開(kāi)館。

她不想被別人看成賣弄才學(xué)的女子。

競(jìng)爭(zhēng)確有好處，它能逼你去創(chuàng)造、去革新。

中國(guó)不尋求霸權(quán)或支配世界事務(wù)，而是倡導(dǎo)建立國(guó)際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)新秩序。

維護(hù)祖國(guó)統(tǒng)一事關(guān)中華民族的根本利益，中國(guó)人民將義無(wú)反顧的捍衛(wèi)國(guó)家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整，絕不允許任何人以任何方式把臺(tái)灣從中國(guó)分裂出去。

【答案】In1996,thelarge,modemandmulti-functionalTibetAutonomousRegionLibrary,theworld’shighestinaltitude,wascompletedandopenedtothepublic.

Shedidnotwanttobelookeduponasabluestocking.

Competitionisagoodthingforcingyoutobecreativeandinnovative.

Chinadoesnotseekhegemonyorpredominanceinworldaffairsbuttoadvocateanewinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorder.

TosafeguardnationalunitybearsonthefundamentalinterestsoftheChinesenation.WeChinesepeoplewillsafeguardourstatesovereigntyandterritorialintegritywithresolve,neverallowinganyonetoseparateTaiwanfromChinainanyway.

7.單選題

Iwasalwaystaughtthatitwas（

）tointerrupt.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rude

B.coarse

C.rough

D.crude

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)rude“粗魯?shù)?，無(wú)禮的”；B選項(xiàng)coarse“粗糙的，粗俗的”；C選項(xiàng)rough“粗野的，粗略的”；D選項(xiàng)crude“天然的，未加工的”。句意：我總是被教導(dǎo)打斷別人說(shuō)話是粗魯?shù)?。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

8.單選題

Oneoftheattractivefeaturesofthecoursewasthewaythepracticalworkhadbeen（

）withthetheoreticalaspectsofthesubject.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.embraced

B.adjusted

C.alternated

D.integrated

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)embrace“擁抱”；B選項(xiàng)adjust“調(diào)整”；C選項(xiàng)alternate“交替，輪流”；D選項(xiàng)integrate“使完整”。句意：這門課程吸引人的特點(diǎn)之一是實(shí)際工作與學(xué)科理論方面結(jié)合的方法。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

9.單選題

Mothertoldmethatthemostimportantthingofchoosingapieceofclothisits（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.style

B.texture

C.textile

D.content

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)style“風(fēng)格，類型”；B選項(xiàng)texture“質(zhì)地，紋理，結(jié)構(gòu)”；C選項(xiàng)textile“紡織品”；D選項(xiàng)content“內(nèi)容，滿足”。句意：母親告訴我，挑選一塊布最重要的是看它的質(zhì)地。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

10.單選題

China’sresumingexerciseofsovereigntyoverHongKongandMacaois（

）ofChineseprosperity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.indulgent

B.indifferent

C.indignant

D.indicative

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)indulgent“放縱的，寬容的”；B選項(xiàng)indifferent“冷淡的，中立的”；C選項(xiàng)indignant“憤憤不平的”；D選項(xiàng)indicative“象征的”。句意：中國(guó)恢復(fù)對(duì)香港和澳門行使主權(quán)，象征著中國(guó)繁榮昌盛。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

11.單選題

Johnfailedinthefinalexaminationbecausehewas（

）totheteacher’sadvice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.immune

B.indifferent

C.ignorant

D.informed

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)immune“免疫的”；B選項(xiàng)indifferent“冷淡的，不關(guān)心的”；C選項(xiàng)ignorant“無(wú)知的，愚昧的”；D選項(xiàng)inform“通知，告發(fā)”。句意：John期末考試不及格，因?yàn)樗宦?tīng)老師的勸告。beindifferentto知“不在乎…，對(duì)…漠不關(guān)心”，所以選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

12.翻譯題

PutthefollowingpassagesintoChinese:

Itisnotpossibleforamereawardofmoneytoputhiminthepositionhewouldhaveenjoyedhadthebargainbeenperformed.Thebargainmustthereforebeperformed.Butthecourtsrarelycompelthespecificperformanceofacontract,savewhereitisoneforthesaleofrealestate,sinceeveryparcelofrealpropertyisdeemedtobeunique,special,anduniquelyvaluabletoitsowner.Thereareotherkindsofcontractsthatcanbespecificallyenforced,buttheirnumberislimitedanddwindlinginanunsentimental,commercialworldinwhichthepaymentofmoneyisusuallydeemedtheproperremedyforeverylossordisappointmentsuffered.Undercertaincircumstances,anaggrievedpartycanavoidacontractthathepreviouslyagreedtomake.Thisisknownasrescissionoravoidanceofthecontract.Bythisrelief,thepartiesaretobeplacedinthepositioninwhichtheyfoundthemselvesbeforethecontractwasmade.

Litigantshavemutualincentivestosaveonlitigationcostsbysettlingoutofcourt.Theyavoiduncertaintrialoutcomesanddelaysandcanagreetokeepsettlementsconfidential.Insomecases,settlementsmaybereachedthroughalternativemethodsofdisputeresolution,suchasvoluntaryarbitrationormediationGenerally,detailsofcivildisputessettledbeforeatrialarenotreportedtothecourtsandhencearenotincludedinpubliclyavailabledataThosedatathereforeshowonlypartofthepicture—theremaybeimportantdifferencesbetweencasesthatgototrialandcasesthatsettleoutofcourt.Forexample,casesthatgototrialprobablyinvolvelargerdollaramounts,onaverage.Nevertheless,trialverdictssetprecedentsforallcasesandthusaffecttheincentivetosettlebysignalingthevalueandprobabilityofsuccesstofuturelitigants.

【答案】?jī)H僅是金錢判決不可能讓他享有履行協(xié)議而帶來(lái)的處境。因此，協(xié)議必須履行。但是，法院很少會(huì)強(qiáng)制協(xié)議的具體實(shí)施，除非協(xié)議是針對(duì)不動(dòng)產(chǎn)的出售，因?yàn)槊恳环莶粍?dòng)產(chǎn)對(duì)它的所有者而言被認(rèn)為是獨(dú)特的、特殊的和具有特別價(jià)值的。也有另外一些可以具體地被強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行的協(xié)議，然而，在金錢經(jīng)常被視為彌補(bǔ)所遭受損失或失望的合理手段的這個(gè)無(wú)情的商業(yè)世界里，這類協(xié)議的數(shù)量是有限的并一直在減少。在某些情況下，受侵害的一方可以廢止自己先前同意簽訂的協(xié)議。這被稱為解除或廢止協(xié)議。通過(guò)這種補(bǔ)救方法，協(xié)議各方發(fā)現(xiàn)他們自己處于協(xié)議簽訂之前的境地。

訴訟當(dāng)事人都有通過(guò)庭外和解的方式去節(jié)約訴訟成本的動(dòng)機(jī)。通過(guò)該方式，他們避免不確定的審判結(jié)果與延期，并且可以同意保密和解協(xié)議。在一些情況下，和解協(xié)議可能通過(guò)替代性糾紛解決方法來(lái)達(dá)成，比如自愿仲裁或調(diào)解。一般情況下，和解的民事糾紛細(xì)節(jié)在審判前不會(huì)呈上法庭，因此它們不包含在公開(kāi)信息中。因此，那些公開(kāi)信息僅僅展現(xiàn)了所有案件的一部分—法庭審判的案件和庭外和解的案件間可能存在巨大的差異。比如，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，法庭審判的案件很可能牽涉更多的金錢數(shù)量。然而，審判裁決為所有的案件開(kāi)創(chuàng)了先例，因此，它們通過(guò)示意利害關(guān)系及勝訴的可能性，影響了今后訴訟當(dāng)事人去解決糾紛的動(dòng)機(jī)。

13.單選題

Everystreethadastory,everybuildingamemory.Thoseblessedwithwonderfulchildhoodscandrivethestreetsoftheirhometownsandhappilyrollbacktheyears.Therestarepulledhomebydutyandleaveassoonaspossible.AfterRayAtleehadbeeninClanton(hishometown)forfifteenminuteshewasanxioustogetout.

Thetownhadchanged,butthenithadn't.Onthehighwaysleadingin,thecheapmetalbuildingsandmobilehomesweregatheringastightlyaspossiblenexttotheroadsformaximumvisibility.Thistownhadnozoningwhatsoever.Alandownercouldbuildanythingwithnopermit,noinspection,nonoticetoadjoininglandowners,nothing.Onlyhogfarmsandnuclearreactorsrequiredapprovalsandpaperwork.Theresultwasaslash-and-buildclutterthatgotuglierbytheyear.

Butintheoldersections,nearerthesquare,thetownhadnotchangedatall.ThelongshadedstreetswereascleanandneataswhenRayroamedthemonhisbike.Mostofthehouseswerestillownedbypeopleheknew,orifthosefolkshadpassedonthenewownerskeptthelawnsclippedandtheshutterspainted.Onlyafewwerebeingneglected.Ahandfulhadbeenabandoned.

ThisdeepinBiblecountry,itwasstillanunwrittenruleinthetownthatlittlewasdoneonSundaysexceptgotochurch,sitonporches,visitneighbours,restandrelaxthewayGodintended.

Itwascloudy,quitecoolforMay,andashetouredhisoldturf,killingtimeuntiltheappointedhourforthefamilymeeting,hetriedtodwellonthegoodmemoriesfromClanton.TherewasDizzyDeanParkwherehehadplayedlittleLeagueforthePirates,andtherewasthepublicpoolhe'dswumineverysummerexcept1969whenthecitycloseditratherthanadmitblackchildren.Therewerethechurches-Baptist.MethodistandPresbyterian-facingeachotherattheintersectionofSecondandElmlikewarysentries,theirsteeplescompetingforheight.Theywereemptynow.butinanhourorsothemorefaithfulwouldgatherforeveningservices.

Thesquarewasaslifelessasthestreetsleadingtoit.Witheightthousandpeople,Clantonwasjustlargeenoughtohaveattractedthediscountstoresthathadwipedoutsomanysmalltowns.Butherethepeoplehadbeenfaithfultotheirdowntownmerchants,andtherewasn'tasingleemptyorboarded-upbuildingaroundthesquare—nosmallmiracle.Theretailshopsweremixedinwiththebanksandlawofficesandcafes,allclosedfortheSabbath.

HeinchedthroughthecemeteryandsurveyedtheAtleesectionintheoldpart,wherethetombstonesweregander.Someofhisancestorshadbuiltmonumentsfortheirdead.Rayhadalwaysassumedthatthefamilymoneyhe'dneverseenmusthavebeenburiedinthosegraves.Heparkedandwalkedtohismother'sgrave,somethinghehadn'tdoneinyears.ShewasburiedamongtheAtlees,atthefaredgeofthefamilyplotbecauseshehadbarelybelonged.

Soon,inlessthananhour,hewouldbesittinginhisfather'sstudy,sippingbadinstantteaandreceivinginstructionsonexactlyhowhisfatherwouldbelaidtorest.Manyorderswereabouttobegiven,manydecreesanddirections,becausehisfather(whousedtobeajudge)wasagreatmanandcareddeeplyabouthowhewastoberemembered.

Movingagain,Raypassedthewatertowerhe'dclimbedtwice,thesecondtimewiththeDolicewairingbelow.Hegrimacedathisoldhighschool,aplacehe'dnevervisitedsincehe'dleftit.BehinditwasthefootballfieldwherehisbrotherForresthadrompedoveropponentsandalmostbecamefamousbeforegeeingbouncedofftheteam.

Itwastwentyminutesbeforefive,Sunday,May7.Timeforthefamilymeeting.

1.Fromthefirstparagraph,wegettheimpressionthat（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingadjectivesdoesNOTdescribeRay'shometown?

3.FromthepassagewecaninferthattherelationshipbetweenRayandhisparentswas

（

）.

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatRay'sfatherwasallEXCEPT（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Raycherishedhischildhoodmemories

B.Rayhadsomethingurgenttotakecareof

C.Raymaynothaveahappychildhood

D.Raycannotrememberhischildhooddays

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Lifeless

B.Religious

C.Traditional

D.Quiet

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.close

B.remote

C.tense

D.impossibletotell

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.considerate

B.punctual

C.thrifty

D.dominant.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容“每一條街道都有一個(gè)故事，造就一段回憶。那些擁有美好的童年的人能夠隨著街道回到家鄉(xiāng)，回到那些快樂(lè)的時(shí)光。而剩下的人則是由于責(zé)任返回家鄉(xiāng)，然后盡可能快的離開(kāi)。RayAtlee在他的家鄉(xiāng)克林頓待了15分鐘后，迫不及待的想要離開(kāi)?！庇纱丝赏茢?，RayAtlee很明顯屬于第二類人，說(shuō)明他沒(méi)有快樂(lè)的童年，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第六段首句“Thesquarewasaslifelessasthestreetsleadingtoit.”可知選項(xiàng)A正確；根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容“在這個(gè)圣經(jīng)國(guó)度的深處，星期天除了去教堂、坐在門廊上、拜訪鄰居、按照神的旨意休息和放松外，幾乎什么也不做，這在鎮(zhèn)上還是不成文的規(guī)矩?！笨芍x項(xiàng)B符合原文；根據(jù)第二段三四句“Thistownhadnozoningwhatsoever.Alandownercouldbuildanythingwithnopermit,noinspection,nonoticetoadjoininglandowners,nothing.這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)沒(méi)有任何的區(qū)域劃分。土地所有者可以在沒(méi)有許可證、沒(méi)有檢查、沒(méi)有通知毗鄰?fù)恋厮姓叩那闆r下建造任何東西，什么都不做。”由此可推斷，這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)是傳統(tǒng)的，選項(xiàng)C正確；只有選項(xiàng)D在文中沒(méi)有提及，所以本題選D。

3.判斷推斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段“Heparkedandwalkedtohismother'sgrave,somethinghehadn'tdoneinyears.他停好車之后走到母親的墳?zāi)骨?，這是他多年來(lái)從未做過(guò)的事?！币约暗箶?shù)第三段“...sippingbadinstantteaandreceivinginstructionsonexactlyhowhisfatherwouldbelaidtorest.Manyorderswereabouttobegiven,manydecreesanddirections,...他一邊喝著劣質(zhì)的速溶茶，一邊接受有關(guān)如何安葬他父親的指示。又即將給予許多命令、規(guī)定和指示...”說(shuō)明父親對(duì)他的嚴(yán)厲。由此可推斷，Ray和他父母的關(guān)系是疏遠(yuǎn)的，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itwastwentyminutesbeforefive,Sunday,May7.Timeforthefamilymeeting.”根據(jù)家庭會(huì)議的時(shí)間可推測(cè)出Ray的父親很守時(shí)，選項(xiàng)A正確；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段提及的父親書(shū)房里的劣質(zhì)速溶茶“badinstanttea”可推測(cè)他的父親很節(jié)儉；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句“Manyorderswereabouttobegiven,manydecreesanddirections,becausehisfather(whousedtobeajudge)wasagreatmanandcareddeeplyabouthowhewastoberemembered.”可推斷出他的父親占主導(dǎo)地位，選項(xiàng)D正確；只有選項(xiàng)A在文中沒(méi)有提及，所以本題選A。

14.單選題

Manysoldiershavetoremindthemselveswhentheyreturnhomenottouse（

）languageofthebarracks.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vulgar

B.gross

C.rough

D.coarse

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)vulgar“通俗的”；B選項(xiàng)gross“惡劣的”；C選項(xiàng)rough“粗糙的”；D選項(xiàng)coarse“粗俗的，下等的”。句意：許多士兵回家后不得不提醒自己不要在軍營(yíng)里說(shuō)粗話?選項(xiàng)D更符合語(yǔ)境。

15.單選題

I'veheardthatyouaregoingto（

）theboss'sjobwhensheretires.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.putupwith

B.putinfor

C.putoutto

D.putinon

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析題。A選項(xiàng)putupwith“忍受，容忍”；B選項(xiàng)putinfor“申請(qǐng)”；C選項(xiàng)putoutto“拿出去”；D選項(xiàng)putinon沒(méi)有此搭配。句意：我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你打算在老板退休后申請(qǐng)（接替）她的職位。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

16.單選題

Thattruckdrivernolonger（

）himselfindrinkingafterexperiencingtheaccident.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.induced

B.immersed

C.devoted

D.indulged

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)induce“誘導(dǎo)”；B選項(xiàng)immerse“浸入”；C選項(xiàng)devote“致力于”；D選項(xiàng)indulge“沉溺，滿足，放任”。句意：在經(jīng)歷了那次事故后，那個(gè)卡車司機(jī)就不再放任自己喝酒。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

17.單選題

Accordingtothe“hygienehypothesis”firstproposedin1989,exposuretoavarietyofbacteria,virusesandparasiticwormsearlyinlifehelpsprimeachild’simmunesystem,muchlikesensoryexperiencesprogramhisbrain.Withoutsuchearlyinstruction,theimmunesystemmaygoindisorderandoverreactwithallergiestofoods,pollenandpetfurorturnonthebody’sowntissue,settingoffautoimmunedisorders.

Manyofthesemicroorganismsevolvedsymbioticallywithhumansovermillionsofyears—theso-called"oldfriends’’theory.Butwheretheyhavebeeneradicated,akeypartofhumandevelopmenthasbeenthrownoff.“Thevastmajorityofmicrobesareharmless.Thereareonlyafewdozenthatcancauselethalinfections.”saysThomasMcDade,directoroftheLaboratoryforHumanBiologyResearchatNorthwesternUniversity.

In1998,aboutoneinfivechildreninindustrializedcountriessufferedfromallergicdiseasessuchasasthma,allergiesandrashes,accordingtotheInternationalStudyofAsthmaandAllergiesinChildhood,aglobalresearchinitiative.TheincidenceofpeanutallergyintheUStripledbetween1997and2008,accordingtoareportfromMountSinaiSchoolofMedicineinNewYork.ButsuchdiseasesarestillrelativelyrareinAfricaandruralAsia.“Thegeographicaldistributionofallergicandautoimmunediseasesisamirrorimageofthegeographicaldistributionofvariousinfectiousdiseases.”saysareportbyFrenchresearchersdevotedtothehygienehypothesis.

Exposuretoimmune-stimulatinggermsmayalsolowertheriskofheartdisease,accordingtoDr.McDade.Butthereareotherdangerslurkinginmuddywaterandanimalfaces.MichaelBell,aninfectiousdiseasespecialistanddeputydirectorofHealthcareQualityPromotionattheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,saysthatpeopleshouldbevigilantaboutwoundcaresincebacteriacancauseproblemsiftheygetintothebloodstream,andhestilladvocateshand-washing.“Ifyou’renotdoingittentimesaday,you'reprobablynotdoingitenough.”hesays.Butheandotherexpertssaythatregularsoapandwaterarefineinmostcases.Sterilizinghandsiscriticalmainlyforhealth-careworkersandinhospitals,wheredisease-causinggermsareprevalentandcaneasilyspread.

Manyexpertsadvisecommonsense.“Wedon’twanttosaytochildren.OK,playbythedirtyriverbankandcatchwhateveryoucan.”saysDr.Weinstocks."Butwecansaythere'snothingwrongwithkidsplayinginthedirt.Theydon'thavetoliveintotalsanitation,andtheywon’tdiefromeatingsomethingoffthefloor.It’sprobablymorehealthythannot.”

1.The“hygienehypothesis”proposedthatexposuretovariousvirusesandgermsinearlychildhood（

）.

2.Whatifwelivewithoutanymicroorganisms?

3.AccordingtoFrenchresearchers,thegeographicaldistributionofallergicandautoimmunediseases

（

）.

4.WhatdoesMichaelBellsuggestwedoindailylife?

5.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.eliminateschildhooddiseasessuchasasthmaandallergies

B.provestobeanimportantpreventionagainstcancer

C.provestobenecessaryforthedevelopmentofimmunesystem

D.increasessusceptibilitytoallergicandautoimmunediseases

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Wewillneverbeinvolvedintheallergies.

B.Wewilleradicatetheoutbreaksofmanyinfectiousdiseases.

C.Wemaymissanimportantpartofhumandevelopment.

D.Wemayfindnoeffectivemedicalcuretomanydisease.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.hasnothingtodowiththatofvariousinfectiousdiseases

B.isexactlythesamewiththatofvariousinfectiousdiseases

C.iscompletelyoppositetothatofvariousinfectiousdiseases

D.showsnocomparabilitywiththatofvariousinfectiousdiseases

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Becarefulaboutwoundcare.

B.Washhandswithin10timesaday.

C.Consulthealth-careworkers.

D.Sterilizeyourhandseveryday.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Childrenshouldbeencouragedtoplayindirtyplaces.

B.Moreeffortsshouldbemadeinpublichealth.

C.Parentsneedn’tworryaboutchildrenplayinginthedirt.

D.Excessivecleannessisrequiredathomebutnotoutdoors.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“根據(jù)1989年首次提出的“衛(wèi)生假說(shuō)”，兒童在早期的生活中接觸各種細(xì)菌、病毒和寄生蟲(chóng)，有助于兒童的免疫系統(tǒng)做好準(zhǔn)備，就像感官體驗(yàn)對(duì)大腦進(jìn)行編程一樣。”由此可推斷，這個(gè)“衛(wèi)生假說(shuō)”證明了免疫系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的重要性，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段一二句“Manyofthesemicroorganismsevolvedsymbioticallywithhumansovermillionsofyears—theso-called“oldfriends”theory.Butwheretheyhavebeeneradicated,akeypartofhumandevelopmenthasbeenthrownoff.許多微生物在數(shù)百萬(wàn)年的時(shí)間里與人類共生進(jìn)化，這就是所謂的“老朋友”理論。但是，在它們被根除的地方，人類發(fā)展的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵部分就被拋棄了?！边x項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.判斷推斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Frenchresearchers”定位到第三段最后一句“‘Thegeographicaldistributionofallergicandautoimmunediseasesisamirrorimageofthegeographicaldistributionofvariousinfectiousdiseases.’saysareportbyFrenchresearchersdevotedtothehygienehypothesis.‘過(guò)敏和自身免疫性疾病的地理分布是各種傳染病地理分布的一個(gè)鏡像?！环萦煞▏?guó)研究人員撰寫(xiě)的關(guān)于衛(wèi)生假說(shuō)的報(bào)告稱。”鏡像與原像是相反的，這里是說(shuō)他們的地理分布也是完全相反的，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“MichaelBell”定位到倒數(shù)第二段第三句“MichaelBell,...,saysthatpeopleshouldbevigilantaboutwoundcaresincebacteriacancauseproblemsiftheygetintothebloodstream,andhestilladvocateshand-washing.MichaelBell表示，人們應(yīng)該要注意傷口的護(hù)理，因?yàn)榧?xì)菌一旦進(jìn)入血液就會(huì)引發(fā)問(wèn)題，他還提倡勤洗手。”選項(xiàng)A符合原文；選項(xiàng)B和D不符合原文描述；選項(xiàng)D在文中沒(méi)有提及，所以本題選A。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“...there'snothingwrongwithkidsplayinginthedirt.Theydon'thavetoliveintotalsanitation,...孩子們?cè)谀嗤晾锿嫠](méi)有什么錯(cuò)，他們不必生活在完全衛(wèi)生的環(huán)境中...”所以選項(xiàng)C“父母不必?fù)?dān)心孩子在泥土里玩耍”符合原文。

18.單選題

Shelookedso

youngand（

）thathefelt

thatheshouldtrytoprotecther.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.susceptible

B.fragile

C.vital

D.vulnerable

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)susceptible“易受影響的”；B選項(xiàng)fragile“易碎的”；C選項(xiàng)vital“至關(guān)重要的”；D選項(xiàng)vulnerable“易受攻擊的，易受傷害的”。句意：她看上去那么年輕，那么脆弱，他覺(jué)得他應(yīng)該試著保護(hù)她。這里的脆弱指的是易受傷害，所以選項(xiàng)D更符合語(yǔ)境。

19.單選題

Thedoctorsareverymuchworriedaboutthe（

）ofthepatient’sconditionafteroperation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deterioration

B.differentiation

C.diversion

D.donation

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)deterioration“惡化”；B選項(xiàng)differentiation“變異”；C選項(xiàng)diversion“轉(zhuǎn)移，消遣”；D選項(xiàng)donation“捐贈(zèng)”。句意：醫(yī)生們非常擔(dān)心手術(shù)后病人的病情惡化。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

20.單選題

Eachmonth5Yuanis（

）frommysalaryforhouse-repairingpayment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.excluded

B.expelled

C.compelled

D.docked

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)exclude“排除”；B選項(xiàng)expel“驅(qū)逐，開(kāi)除”；C選項(xiàng)compel“強(qiáng)迫”；D選項(xiàng)dock“使靠碼頭，從（工資）中扣除（一部分的錢）”。句意：每個(gè)月從我的工資中扣去5元用于修房子。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

21.單選題

AlthoughItriedtoconcentrateonthelecture,Iwas（

）bythenoisefromthenextroom.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dissuaded

B.averted

C.repressed

D.distracted

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)dissuade“勸阻”；B選項(xiàng)avert“轉(zhuǎn)移”；C選項(xiàng)repress“抑制，鎮(zhèn)壓”；D選項(xiàng)distract“分心”。句意：盡管我試圖集中注意力聽(tīng)演講，但還是被隔壁房間的噪音分心。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

22.單選題

Thefarmersreceiveda（

）fromthegovernmenttogrowhiscrop.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.subsidy

B.subsidiary

C.subordinate

D.successor

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)subsidy“補(bǔ)貼”；B選項(xiàng)subsidiary“輔助者”；C選項(xiàng)subordinate“下屬，下級(jí)”；D選項(xiàng)successor“繼承者”。句意：農(nóng)民們從政府那里得到了補(bǔ)貼來(lái)種植作物。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

23.翻譯題

Scientificandtechnologicaladvancesareenablingustocomprehendthefurthestreachesofthecosmos,themostbasicconstituentsofmatter,andthemiracleoflife.

Atthesametime,today,theactions,andinaction,ofhumanbeingsimperilnotonlylifeontheplanet,buttheverylifeoftheplanet.

Globalizationismakingtheworldsmaller,fasterandricher.Still,9/11andavianfluremindusthatasmaller,fasterworldisnotnecessarilyasaferworld.

Ourworldisburstingwithknowledge—butdesperatelyinneedofwisdom.Now,whensoundbitesaregettingshorter,wheninstantmessagescrowdoutessays,andwhenindividuallivesgrowmorecrazy,collegegraduatescapableofdeepreflectionarewhatourworldneeds.

ForallthesereasonsIbelieved—andIbelieveevenmorestronglytoday—intheuniqueandirreplaceablemissionofuniversities.

【答案】科技和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步正在使我們能夠去了解宇宙最遠(yuǎn)的地方、物質(zhì)最基本的成分和生命的奇跡。

與此同時(shí)，人類今天的作為和不作為，不僅危及地球上的生命，且還危害地球本身的壽命。

全球化正在讓世界變得更小、更快速地運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)和更富裕。但是，9/11事件和禽流感卻提醒我們一個(gè)更小、更快速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的世界不一定是一個(gè)更安全的世界。

我們的世界正充滿知識(shí)，但其迫切需要智慧?，F(xiàn)在，當(dāng)（新聞采訪的）原聲摘要播出正變得更短、即時(shí)信息排擠短文和和個(gè)人生活變得更瘋狂時(shí)，能夠深思的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生是我們這個(gè)世界所需要的。

由于這些原因，我相信，并且我今天甚至更堅(jiān)定地相信，大學(xué)有著獨(dú)特的且無(wú)可取代的使命。

24.單選題

Mr.Mortongradually（

）theknowledgeofthesubject.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attained

B.required

C.acquired

D.enquired

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)attain“達(dá)到，實(shí)現(xiàn)”；B選項(xiàng)require“要求”；C選項(xiàng)acquire“獲得，學(xué)到”；D選項(xiàng)enquire“詢問(wèn)”。句意：Morton先生漸漸掌握了這門課程的知識(shí)。選項(xiàng)C更符合語(yǔ)境。

25.單選題

Onenteringtheroom,he（

）hiseyesrounditbutsawnothingstrange.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.jerked

B.flung

C.tossed

D.cast

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)jerk“猛拉”；B選項(xiàng)fling“擲，拋”；C選項(xiàng)toss“拋，投”；D選項(xiàng)cast“投擲”。選項(xiàng)B，C，D都要