高中狀語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法及例句

高中狀語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法及例句高中狀語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法及例句高中狀語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法及例句V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考高中狀語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法及例句日期：20xx年X月?tīng)钫Z(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句在高考試題中加上其它從句的干擾，以及倒裝句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句的介入，使得狀語(yǔ)從句更為復(fù)雜。狀語(yǔ)從句是一種副詞性從句，通常由一個(gè)從屬連詞或一個(gè)起連詞作用的詞組引導(dǎo)。1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：when,while,as,before,after,once,till,until,once,assoonas,nowthat,hardly…when,scarcely…when,nosooner…than,有一些表示時(shí)間的副詞（短語(yǔ)）或名詞短語(yǔ)也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。如：directly,instantly,immediately,bythetime，themoment,thesecond,theminute,theinstant,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thelasttime等注意點(diǎn)如下：1)when,while,as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句as表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，往往和when/while通用，但它著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。①ShecameupasIwascooking.(同時(shí))②WhenIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.我在街上行走時(shí)，碰到一位老朋友when(atorduringthetimethat)既可以表示在某一點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，又可表示在某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情可以同時(shí)發(fā)生也可以先后發(fā)生。①Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.(指時(shí)間點(diǎn))②Whenwewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.(在一段時(shí)間內(nèi))③Whenwearrivedthere,thefilmhadalreadybegun.(先后發(fā)生)While強(qiáng)調(diào)一段時(shí)間里，僅表示從句和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，并且有延續(xù)意義，該從句中的動(dòng)詞一般要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，從句中常用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)；在when表示aperiodoftime時(shí)，兩者可以互換。①Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhile/whenothersareworking.其他人工作時(shí)請(qǐng)不要大聲講話。②Hefellasleepwhile/whenreading.讀書時(shí)他睡著了。③WhiletheywerewatchingTV,Iwaspreparingmyselfforthecomingexamination.

他們?cè)诳措娨?，而我在為即將到?lái)的考試做準(zhǔn)備。Strikewhiletheironishot.(不可用as或when，這里的while意思是“趁……”)as表示主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，所以常譯作＂一邊…一邊＂。Johnsingsasheworks.Ashishandsdroppedhedroppedwithit,andIlaidhimdown,dead.當(dāng)When引出的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句為系表結(jié)構(gòu)，而且其主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，其表語(yǔ)又是一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，就可以用as引導(dǎo)的省略句來(lái)代替。Whenhewasayoungman(=Asayoungman)hewasfondofhunting.2)before狀語(yǔ)從句的重點(diǎn)句型

Itwill(not)beaperiodoftime

before

還要……才，要不了多久就……

was(not)

過(guò)了……才,沒(méi)多久就……①ItwasalongtimebeforeIgottosleep.過(guò)了好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間我才睡著了。②Itwasn’tlongbeforehetoldmeaboutthenews.

沒(méi)多久他就告訴了我那條新聞。③不等……就

在---之前：BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme.

Thetelephonerangoff

beforeIcouldanswerit.

我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及接電話，電話就掛斷了。④剛……就：Hehardlyenteredtheroombeforeheheardthetelephonering.⑤先……再：Youcanhaveafewdaystothinkaboutitbeforeyoumakeyourdecision.做出決定之前你還有幾天時(shí)間考慮Beforeshecouldmove,sheheardagreatnoise,whichgrewtoaterribleroar.BeforeIcouldsayaword,shehadstormedoutoftheroom.ItwillbefiveyearsbeforeIcomeback.

Itwasnotlongbeforetheenemywasdrivenoutoftheircountry.Itwon’tbelongbeforetheyunderstandeachother.Doitbeforeyouforgetit.二Thereisnothingthathasnotbeenbitterbeforebeingripe.

Hewasbroughtbeforethejudg三I’veseenthefilmTitanicbefore.

Ihaveneverseensuchbeautifulflowersbefore.四

Beforelong,hewenttoAmerica.Ihopetoseeyoubeforelong.Shesaidshehadreadthenovellongbefore.Thathappenedlongbefore.3)since引導(dǎo)的從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（包括過(guò)去完成時(shí)），則從句的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束,從句意思是否定的。如果從句的動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)，從句意思是肯定的。

Itis/hasbeen

aperiodoftime延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式

自從該動(dòng)作結(jié)束已多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間

延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)

since

該動(dòng)作已延續(xù)了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間

短暫性動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式

自從該動(dòng)作開(kāi)始已多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間①HehasneverbeentoseemesinceIwasill.我病愈后，他一直未來(lái)看我。（不在生病了）②HehasneverbeentoseemesinceIhavebeenill.我病了，他一直未來(lái)看我。③Ihaven’theardfromhimsincehelivedhere.自從他這里搬走，我就沒(méi)有收到他的信。（不住在這兒了）④Iknowhimverywellsincehehaslivedherenearus.自他住在我們附近以來(lái)，我對(duì)他很了解。⑤It’sthreeyearssinceIwasinthearmy.我退伍已三年了。（不在服役了）⑥It’sthreeyearssinceIhavebeeninthearmy=It'sthreeyearssinceIjoinedthearmy.我入伍已三年了。

4)如果與till與until從句使用的主句是肯定的，則主句中謂語(yǔ)要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞如果與其使用的主句是否肯定的，則主句中謂語(yǔ)要用短暫性動(dòng)詞。另till從句不可以置于句首，只有until從句可以放在句首。notuntil放在句首時(shí)主句要倒裝。Hedidn’tgobacktohishometownuntilthreeyearslater.=Notuntilthreeyearslaterdidhegobacktohishometown.Ididn’trecognizehimuntilhetookoffhisglasses.=NotuntilhetookoffhisglassesdidIrecognizehim.2.原因狀語(yǔ)從句由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：as,because,since,nowthat,consideringthat,seeingthat(鑒于---)。下面幾點(diǎn)值得注意：because語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，用于回答why的提問(wèn)，可與強(qiáng)調(diào)詞only,just以及否定詞not連用。但不可以與so連用。如Youshouldn’tgetangryjustbecausesomepeoplespeakillofyou.Hefailedbecausehewascareless.他因粗心而失敗了。because引導(dǎo)的從句可以被強(qiáng)調(diào)：ItwasbecauseshewantedtostudyabroadthatsheenteredforTOEFL2)since引導(dǎo)的從句語(yǔ)氣次于because引導(dǎo)的從句，常表示稍加分析后而推斷出的原因，或指人們已知的事實(shí)，比as正式一些,常置于句首。as語(yǔ)氣最弱，其原因只是對(duì)結(jié)果的附帶說(shuō)明，一般放在句首。Since/Nowthatnooneisagainstit,let’scarryouttheplan.Sinceeveryonehascome,let’sbeginourmeeting.

既然大家都來(lái)了，我們開(kāi)會(huì)吧。Asalltheseatswerefull,hestoodthere.

所有的座位都滿了他只好站那兒。3)for雖解釋為“因?yàn)椤钡皇且粋€(gè)并列連詞，它也常引導(dǎo)句子表原因，但不是原因狀語(yǔ)從句，它是一個(gè)并列句。for所提供的理由是一種補(bǔ)充性的說(shuō)明，表推測(cè)的理由。Thedaywasshort,foritwasDecember.

Itmighthaverainedlastnightforthegroundiswet.昨晚可能下雨了，因?yàn)榈孛媸菨竦摹?/p>

Shemusthavecriedforhereyesarered.她一定哭過(guò)了，她眼睛紅的。

Hecan’thavedonethatforheisnotthatkindofman.他不可能這么做的，因?yàn)樗皇悄欠N人。3.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句由下列連詞引導(dǎo):where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere。Youmayfindhimwherehisbrotherlives.Youarefreetogowhereveryoulike.你可以去你想要去的任何地方。Anywherehewent,hegotwarmwelcome.

無(wú)論他走到哪兒，都收到熱烈歡迎。Thegirltakesthedollwithhereverywhereshegoes.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

有志者事竟成。4.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：that，so…that，such…that，sothat等。注意以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)：1).so+adj/adv+that…

2).such(a/an+adj)+n+that…3).so+adj+a/an+n+that=sucha/an+adj+n+that…

4).somany/much/few/little(少)+n+that…5)such+(adj)+n

(u

/pl)+thatHespokesofastthatIcouldn’tfollowhim.他說(shuō)的如此的快，我跟不上他。Itwassuchalovelyday/solovelyadaythatweallwentswimming今天天氣如此的好，我們大家都去游泳了。Hegavesuchimportantreasonsthathewasexcused.

他給了非常重要的理由，我們都原諒他了。So或such置于句首時(shí)，主句常倒裝。Itwassuchalovelyday/solovelyadaythatweallwentswimming.＝Suchalovelydaywasitthatweallwentswimming.Hegavesuchimportantreasonsthathewasexcused.=Suchimportantreasonsdidhegivethathewasexcused.注意以上結(jié)構(gòu)與定語(yǔ)從句so/such…as的區(qū)別。Thisissuchaninteresting/sointerestingafilmthateveryonewantstoseeit.Thisissuchaninteresting/sointerestingafilmaseveryonewantstosee.Thestoneissoheavyaswecan’tlift.

That引導(dǎo)的從句常用于口語(yǔ)中。Weturnedtheradioup(so)thateveryoneheardthenews.5.目的狀語(yǔ)從句由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase等。（注：sothat也可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句）sothat,inorderthat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中常需用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后，inorderthat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句可以放在主句之前或之后。Wesetoutearlysothatwecouldseethesunrise.我們很早出發(fā)以便能看到日出Hesenttheletterbyairmailsothatitmightreachthemintime.他空郵這份信的以便他們能按時(shí)收到。

forfearthat,incase引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用shoulddo它們本身帶有否定意義，相當(dāng)于sothat--not,inorderthat---notWehidbehindthebushesincase/forfearthatpassers-byshouldseeus.我們躲在叢林中以防過(guò)路人看見(jiàn)。PleaseremindmeofitagaintomorrowincaseIforget.明天請(qǐng)?jiān)俅翁嵝盐乙苑牢彝恕?.條件狀語(yǔ)從句分為真實(shí)條件句和非真實(shí)條件句（用在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中）。由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：if,unless,suppose,supposing,providing(that),provided(that),given(that),incase,onconditionthat,aslongas,solongas,sofaras等。(1)Unless=ifnotYouwillfailunlessyoustudyhard.除非努力否則你就要失敗。(2)suppose,supposing,providing(that),provided(that),given(that)=ifSupposeIdon’thaveadayoff,whatshallIdo?Giventhathesupportsus,we’llwintheelection.如果他支持我們，我們就會(huì)贏得選舉。(3)onconditionthat,aslongas,solongas=onlyifAslongasyoudon’tloseheart,youwillsucceed.只要你不灰心，你就會(huì)成功。(4)AsfarasIknow,hecheatedintheexam.SofarasIamconcerned,I’minfavourof“mercykilling”.就我個(gè)人而言，我支持安樂(lè)死。AsfarasI’mconcerned,makingmoneyisnottheonlypurposeoflife.就我個(gè)人而言，賺錢并不是生活的唯一目的。7.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：although,though,as,evenif,eventhough,while,whether…or,whoever,whatever,however,nomatter+疑問(wèn)詞等。注意以下幾點(diǎn)：although,

though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，主句前不能用but,但可以加yet,still。Heisunhappythoughhehasalotofmoney.Thoughitwasraininghard,yettheydidn’tstopworking.

盡管下著大雨，他們?nèi)匀辉诠ぷ?。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，必須用前置結(jié)構(gòu)，通常是從句中的表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形放在句首，放在句首的名詞前的冠詞要去掉。Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.=Childas(though)heis,heknowsalot.（注意在child前不要用冠詞）Goodasheis,hewon’tbetopofclass.ThoughIlikeitverymuch,Iwon’tbuyit.=MuchasIlikeit,Iwon’tbuyit.Tryashewould,hecouldn’tlifttheheavybox.Thoughitisrainingheavily,herushedout.

=Heavilyasitisraining,herushedout.whether---or(not)引導(dǎo)的從句，提供兩個(gè)對(duì)比的“盡管”情況，含有條件意味。（Whetheryou）believeitornot,itistrue.信不信由你，這是真的。Whetheryoucomehereorwegothere,thetopicofdiscussionwillremainunchanged.不管是你來(lái)這兒還是他去那兒，討論的主題保持不變。疑問(wèn)詞+ever＝nomatter+疑問(wèn)詞whateveryousay,Iwon’tbelieveyou.Whoeveryouare,youmustshowyourpass.無(wú)論你是誰(shuí)，你都必須出示你的通行證。Wheneveryoucome,y