新人教版八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)UNIT講義

Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?一、要點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)goonvacation去度假stayathome待在家里gotothemountains去爬山gotothebeach去海灘visitmuseums觀光博物館gotosummercamp去參觀夏令營(yíng)quiteafew相當(dāng)多studyfor為而學(xué)習(xí)goout出去mostofthetime大多半時(shí)間tastegood嘗起來(lái)很好吃haveagoodtime玩得高興ofcourse自然feellike給的感覺(jué)；感覺(jué)到goshopping去購(gòu)物inthepast在過(guò)去walkaround四周逛逛becauseof因?yàn)閛nebowlof一碗thenextday次日drinktea品茶findout找出；查明goon連續(xù)somethingimportant重要的事upanddown上上下下comeup出來(lái)takephotos照相二、句型集萃buysth.forsb./buysb.sth為.某人買(mǎi)某物taste+adj.嘗起來(lái)seem+（tobe）+adj.看起來(lái)keepdoingsth繼.續(xù)做某事arrivein+大地址/arriveat+小地址抵達(dá)某地tellsb.(not)todosth.告訴某人（不要）做某事trydoingsth.試試做某事/trytodosth.全力去做某事decidetodosth決.定去做某事forgetdoingsth.忘掉做過(guò)某事/forgettodosth.忘掉做某事enjoydoingsth.喜愛(ài)做某事wanttodosth.想去做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事dislikedoingsth.不喜愛(ài)做某事Whynotdo.sth.?為何不做呢？so+adj.+that這樣以致于look+adj.看起來(lái)startdoingsth開(kāi).始做某事三、單元要點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)、考點(diǎn)精講（一）SectionAdidyougoonvacation?你去哪里度假了？（P1）1）這是有疑問(wèn)副詞where指引的特別疑問(wèn)句，where用來(lái)咨詢地址和場(chǎng)所，放在句首。doyou___________?你從哪里來(lái)？he______?他住在哪里？2）goonvacation意為“去度假”。Iwant________________inHainanthiswinter今.年冬季我想去海南度假。myuncle探望了我的叔叔（P1）visit是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“拜見(jiàn)；探望”,后接表示人的名詞或代詞。visit還能夠意為“觀光；旅行”，后接表示地址的名詞。visitedmygrandmotherlastweek.上周我去______了我的外婆。youwanttovisitShanghai?你想______上海嗎？拓展：visitor意為“觀光者；旅客”。eg:Thesevisitorscomefromanythingspecial買(mǎi)特其余東西。（P2）1）buy及物動(dòng)詞，意為“買(mǎi)；購(gòu)置”。其過(guò)去式為_(kāi)_____。拓展：buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.意為“給某人買(mǎi)某物”。Myuncle__________abike.=Myuncle__________forme.2)anything不定代詞，意為“某事；某件東西”，主要用于疑問(wèn)句或否認(rèn)句中。youwantanythingfromme?can’tsayanythingaboutit.anthingspecial表示“特其余東西”，形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)后置。a.Isthere________________inthisbook?這本書(shū)里有新的內(nèi)容嗎？,didyougoanywhereinteresting?哦，你去風(fēng)趣的地方了嗎？（P2）1）本句是did開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句2）anywhere用作副詞，意為“在任何地方”。eg：Didyougoanywhereduringthesummervacation？辨析：anywhere與somewhereanywhere意為“在任何地方”，常用于否認(rèn)句和疑問(wèn)句中。eg:Ican’tfinditanywhere.somewhere意為“在某處；到某處”，常用于必定句中。eg:Ilostmykeysomewherenearhere.tookquiteafewphotosthere.我們?cè)谀沁吪牧嗽S多照片。（P2）takephotos意為“照相；攝影”。eg:We____________ontheGreatWall我.們?cè)陂L(zhǎng)城上照了相。辨析：quiteafew與quitealittlequiteafew意為“好多;許多”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；quitealittle意為“好多;許多”，修飾不行數(shù)名詞。a.Hestaysherefor_______________days.is_______________waterinthebottle(瓶子).Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.我大多半時(shí)間不過(guò)待在家里念書(shū)歇息。（P2）mostofthetime意為“大多半時(shí)間”，此中most為代詞，意為“大多半；大多半”。拓展：mostof

意為“中的大多半”，它作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞取決于

mostof后所修飾的名詞。a.Mostofus_____(be)goingtothepark.我們大多半人要去公園。b.Mostofthefood_____(go)bad.大多半的食品都變質(zhì)了。tastedreallygood!全部的東西嘗起來(lái)真的很好吃！（P3）taste在此為系動(dòng)詞，意為“嘗起來(lái)”，后來(lái)接形容詞組成系表構(gòu)造。foodtastesreallygreat.食品嘗起來(lái)棒極了。8.Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?大家都玩得很高興嗎？（P3）haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself=havefun玩得高興（+doing）eg:WehadagoodtimevisitingthetheGreatWall.=WeenjoyedourselvesvisitingthetheGreatWall.=WehadfunvisitingthetheGreatWall.didyoulikeit?你感覺(jué)它怎么樣？（P3）Howdo/didyoulike?意為“你感覺(jué)怎么樣？”，用來(lái)咨詢對(duì)方的看法或見(jiàn)解，相當(dāng)于Whatdoyouthinkof?eg:Howdoyoulikeyournewjob?____________________yournewjob?yougoshopping?你們?nèi)ベ?gòu)物了嗎？（P3）goshopping意為“去購(gòu)物；去買(mǎi)東西”，同義短語(yǔ)為dosomeshopping.eg:IusuallygoshoppingonSundays我.往常禮拜天去購(gòu)物。拓展：“go+doing形”式表示“去做某事”，常用于表達(dá)從事某一體育活動(dòng)或休閑活動(dòng)。goskating去溜冰gohiking去遠(yuǎn)足gosightseeing去觀光gofishing去垂釣goswimming去游泳goboating去劃船wenttoafriend’sfarminthecountrysidewithmyfamily.我和家人一同去了鄉(xiāng)間一個(gè)朋友的農(nóng)場(chǎng)。（P3）afriend’sfarm是名詞全部格形式。一般狀況下，表示“有生命的人或物”的名詞后邊加’s，表示所屬關(guān)系。eg:TheredbikeisAlice那輛’紅s色.的自行車(chē)是愛(ài)麗斯的。拓展：名詞全部格的組成：1）單數(shù)名詞詞尾加’s，復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞尾沒(méi)有s,也要加’sthegirl‘s女pen孩的鋼筆women’sshoes女鞋

onChildren

’sDay2）復(fù)數(shù)名詞以s結(jié)尾的只加’thestudents’reading學(xué)room生閱覽室Teachers’Day教師節(jié)3）假如兩個(gè)名詞并列，并且分別有’s，則表示“分別有”；只后一個(gè)名詞有一個(gè)’s，則表示“共有”：John’sandKate’srooms.約翰和凱特（各自）的房間。LilyandLucy’sfather.莉莉和露西的爸爸（同一個(gè)爸爸）。4）表示無(wú)生命的名詞一般以...of...組成短語(yǔ)，表示所相關(guān)系。amapofChina一幅中國(guó)地圖

thenameofthestory那個(gè)故事的名字12.Stillnooneseemedtobebored.(即便這樣)仍舊沒(méi)有人看起來(lái)無(wú)聊。（P3）1）seem意為“仿佛；仿佛；看來(lái)”。eg：Everythingseemseasy一.切仿佛很簡(jiǎn)單。拓展：a.seem+adj.“看起來(lái)”。Youseemhappytoday你.今日看起來(lái)很快樂(lè)。b.seem+todosth.“仿佛，仿佛做某事”。Iseemtohaveacold我.仿佛感冒了。c.Itseems/seemed+從句“看起來(lái)仿佛；仿佛”。Itseemsthatnoonebelievesyou看.起來(lái)仿佛沒(méi)有人相信你。2）辨析：bored與boringa.bored意為“討厭的；感覺(jué)無(wú)聊的”，一般在句中修飾人。b.boring意為“無(wú)聊的；令人討厭的”，一般在句中修飾事或物。eg：a.I’m______withwhathesaid我對(duì).他說(shuō)的話討厭極了。b.Ifindthestoryvery_______.我發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)故事太無(wú)聊了。（二）SectionB1.Whatactivitiesdoyoufindenjoyable?你發(fā)現(xiàn)什么活動(dòng)讓人快樂(lè)？（P5）1）activities是activity的復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為“活動(dòng)”。Studentslikeoutdooractivities.____________________________2）enjoyable形容詞，意為“快樂(lè)的；快樂(lè)的”。I’msurewewillhaveanenjoyablevacation我.確信我們將會(huì)有一個(gè)快樂(lè)的假期。IarrivedinPenanginMalaysiathismorningwithmyfamily.今日清晨我和家人抵達(dá)了馬來(lái)西亞的檳城。（P5）arrive不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“抵達(dá)”。arrivein表示抵達(dá)較大的地方，如國(guó)家、省、市等；arriveat表示抵達(dá)較小的地方，如機(jī)場(chǎng)、商鋪、廣場(chǎng)、鄉(xiāng)村等。（注：地址副詞home，here，there前介詞省略）辨析：arrivein+大地址/arriveat+小地址getto+地址reach+地址eg：I(抵達(dá))schoolat8：00o’clockyesterday.3.sowedecidedtogotothebeachnearourhotel所以我們決定到旅店鄰近的海灘上去。（P5）decidetodosth.意為“決定做某事”。eg:They_________________themuseum他.們決定去觀光博物館。拓展：decide后常跟“疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”做賓語(yǔ)。Hecan’tdecidewhen____________(leave)他不可以決定何時(shí)起程。4.MysisterandItriedparagliding.姐姐和我試試了滑翔傘運(yùn)動(dòng)。（

P5）try此處用作及物動(dòng)詞，后來(lái)常接名詞、動(dòng)名詞或不定式，意為法；努力”

“試試；試圖，設(shè)Sheistryingmybicycle.她正在試騎我的自行車(chē)。拓展：try也可用作名詞，意為“試試”，常用短語(yǔ)“haveatry”，意為“試一試”。Iwanttohaveatry.我想試一試。辨析：trydoingsth./trytodosth.1）trydoingsth.試試做某事，表示一種試試、做做看的想法，不必定付出好多努力。2）trytodosth.全力、想法去做某事，表示想盡全部方法要把事情辦成，重申付出努力想法去達(dá)成。a.I____________him,butnooneanswered.我試著給他打電話了，但沒(méi)有人接聽(tīng)。b.I’m__________________Englishwell.我正全力把英語(yǔ)學(xué)好。IfeltlikeIwasabird.Itwassoexciting!我感覺(jué)自己就像一只小鳥(niǎo)。太刺激了?。≒5）1）feellike意為“給的感覺(jué)；感覺(jué)到”。后來(lái)常接從句。eg:Hefeelslikeheisswimming.他感覺(jué)像在游泳同樣。拓展：feellike還可意為“想要”，后來(lái)可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。即：feellikesth.想要某物feellikedoingsth.想要做某事eg：Doyoufeellikeacupofteanow?你此刻想要一杯茶嗎？Doyoufeellike______(take)awalkintheparkwithme?你想跟我在公園散步嗎？2）辨析：exciting與excitedexciting意為“令人喜悅的，令人激動(dòng)的”，一般修飾某物。excited意為“感覺(jué)喜悅的，激動(dòng)的”，一般修飾某人。Eg：storyis_________(exciting,excited).toldmethe_______(exciting,excited)news.was_______(exciting,excited)toseethesinger.6.Therearealotofnewbuildingsnow此刻有很多新的建筑物（P5）building可數(shù)名詞,意為“建筑物；樓房”。build動(dòng)詞，“建筑，建筑”（built，built），Iwonderwhatlifewaslikehereinthepast.我想知道在這兒過(guò)去的生活是什么樣的。（P5）wonder此處是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“想知道；思索”。后來(lái)常接who,what,why等疑問(wèn)詞指引的賓語(yǔ)從句。Eg：wonder_______________.我想知道那個(gè)男孩是誰(shuí)。A.theboyiswhoB.whotheboyis2.Iwonderwhattheyweredoinghere我.想知道他去哪里了。reallyenjoyedwalkingaroundthetown.我真的很喜愛(ài)在鎮(zhèn)上各處逛逛。（P5）1）enjoy及物動(dòng)詞，意為“喜愛(ài)；賞識(shí)；享受的樂(lè)趣”，后來(lái)接名詞，代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。a.Doyouenjoyyourjob?你喜愛(ài)你的工作嗎？b.Ienjoyreadingbooks.我喜愛(ài)念書(shū)。(enjoydoingsth.喜愛(ài)做某事)拓展：enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime=havefun玩得高興（+doingsth.）2）walkaround意為“四周逛逛”。He’sjustwalkingaroundthevillage他.不過(guò)在鄉(xiāng)村里隨意逛逛。9.Whatadifferenceadaymakes!一天的變化有多大呀！（P5）difference可數(shù)名詞，意為“差異，差異”；其形容詞形式為different，意為“不一樣的；有差異的”。Eg:a.Whatisthedifferencebetweenthisbookandthatbook?b.Myschoolbagisdifferentfromyours.(bedifferentfrom意為“與不同”)Wewantedtowalkuptothetop,butthenitstartedrainingalittlesowedecidedtotakethetrain.（P5）1）wanttodosth.意為“想要做某事”。2）startdoingsth.意為“開(kāi)始做某事”，同義短語(yǔ)：starttodosth.Eg:TomstartedlearningEnglishlastyear.3）alittle意為“一點(diǎn)兒”，在句中修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞。也能夠修飾不行數(shù)名詞。Eg:a.Icandrawalittle,butonlyasahobby.______________________________b.It’salittlecoldoutside.takethetrain意為“乘火車(chē)”，take在此意為“乘坐”。waitedoveranhourforthetrainbecausethereweretoomanypeople.因?yàn)槿颂啵晕覀兊攘艘粋€(gè)多小時(shí)的火車(chē)。（P5）1）waitfor意為“等待”，后來(lái)可接人或物。Tomwaswaitingforabusoverthere.2）over介詞，意為“多于；超出”，相當(dāng)于morethan。Eg:Myfatherisover40yearsold.Thereareovereighthundredstudentsinourschool.3)toomany意為“太多”，后來(lái)接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。Healwayshastoomanyquestionstoaskme.辨析：toomany+toomuch+muchtoo+

可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)意為“太多...”不行數(shù)名詞意為“太多...”形容詞意為“太...”eg：Ihavehomeworktodotoday.becauseofthebadweather,wecouldn’tseeanythingbelow.并且因?yàn)閴奶鞖?，我們也沒(méi)能看到下邊的任何風(fēng)景（P5）辨析：becauseof與becausea.becauseof意為“因?yàn)?，因?yàn)椤保罂山用~、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，不可以接句子。Helosthisjobbecauseofhisage.because意為“因?yàn)椤保敢隣钫Z(yǔ)從句，即接句子。Ididn’tbuytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.Myfatherdidnbring’tenoughmoney我爸爸沒(méi)帶足夠的錢(qián)（P5）1）辨析：bring與takebring意為“帶來(lái)；拿來(lái)”，指從別處帶到說(shuō)話者所在地。take意為“拿走；帶走”，指從說(shuō)話者所在地帶到別處去。2）enough意為“足夠的，充分的”1.用來(lái)修飾形容詞或副詞，一般置于被修飾詞以后。2.用來(lái)修飾名詞時(shí)可放在形容詞前面或后邊。Eg：a.Wehaveenoughtimetodoourhomework.b.Theboxisbigenough.14.becauseweforgottobringanumbrella因?yàn)槲覀兺藥в陚恪＃≒6）辨析：forgettodosth.與forgetdoingsth.forgettodosth.意為“忘掉要做某事（事情還沒(méi)做）”eg:Don’tforgetoclosethewindow.forgetdoingsth.意為“忘掉做過(guò)某事（事情已經(jīng)做過(guò)了）”eg:Iforgetclosingthewindow.Aboutonehourlater,westoppedanddranksometea大.約一小時(shí)后，我們停下來(lái)喝了些茶。（P6）1）onehourlater一小時(shí)后；一小時(shí)前__________________2）stop動(dòng)詞，意為“停止；中止”，過(guò)去式_________，此刻分詞__________；3）drink及物動(dòng)詞，意為“喝；飲”；還能夠作名詞，意為“飲料”。16.Didyoudislikeanything?你不喜愛(ài)什么東西嗎？（P7）dislike意為“不喜愛(ài)；憎惡”，后來(lái)可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ)。Eg：a.Mary______thehamburgers.瑪麗不喜愛(ài)漢堡包。b.I___________computer我不喜愛(ài)玩電腦游戲。17.Whynot?為何不帶呀？（P8）whynot意為“為何不呢”，一般用在疑問(wèn)句中，表示提建議；whynot后邊需跟動(dòng)詞原形。注：“Whynot+動(dòng)詞原形?”相當(dāng)于“Whydon’tyou+動(dòng)詞原形?”a.Whynotgotothepartywithme?=Whydon’tyougotothepartywithme?為何不睦我一同去參加聚會(huì)呢？_____takeawalk?=________________takeawalk?為何不去漫步呢？inourclasstookabagwithsomefoodandwater.我們班上的每一個(gè)人都隨身帶了裝有食品和水的提袋。（P8）with介詞，意為“擁有；帶有”。此處介詞短語(yǔ)withsomefoodandwater作bag的后置定語(yǔ)。拓展：with作介詞時(shí)的其余用法：a.“和一同’Ioftengotoschool______myfriend.我常常和朋友們一起去上學(xué)。以（手段、資料），用（工具），Cuttheapplewithaknife.用刀切蘋(píng)果。MylegsweresotiredthatIwantedtostop.我的雙腿太累了以致于我都想停下來(lái)。（P8）sothat/suchthat（這樣致使）指引的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句so+adj./adv.+thatEg：1.Heis____lovelyaboy____welovehimverymuch.,that,to,as

,thatThelittleboyissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool._________________________________常用的嘆息句的構(gòu)造：1）What+adj.+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不行數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！2）What+a/an+adj.+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！3）How+adj.+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！4）How+adj./adv.+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！eg:aninterestingbookitis!Howinterestingabookis!那本書(shū)多么風(fēng)趣??！clevergirlsheis!_____cleveragirlsheis!jobstheyhavedone!wateritis!D.Howthedogis!C.WhereD.HowMyclassmatestoldmetokeepgoing,soIwenton.我的同學(xué)告訴我堅(jiān)持往前走，所以我便連續(xù)行進(jìn)了（P8）1）tellsb.(not)todosth.意為“告訴某人（不要）做某事。Theteacher________________________thewindowjustnow.老師方才告訴我們擦窗戶。2）keepdoingsth.意為“連續(xù)做某事，向來(lái)做某事”。She____________TVfortwohourslastnight.昨晚她連續(xù)看了兩個(gè)小時(shí)的電視。23.Everyonejumpedupanddowninexcitement.大家都喜悅地跳起來(lái)。（P8）upanddown意為“上上下下；來(lái)往返回”，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。Eg：Theylookedme__________________.他們上上下下端詳我。Hewalks__________________intheroom.他在房間里往返走動(dòng)。語(yǔ)法練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)選擇題()youhave______tosayforyourself?---No,Ihave______tosay.;everything;something;anything;nothing()andI______tennisyesterday.HedidmuchbetterthanI.playingplay()wentintohisroomand______towork.begin()don’twanttogotothemuseum,it’stoo_______.A.relaxingB.boringC.bored()didn’tgotothemountains______thebadweather.of()youenjoy______photos?take()afternoon,we______tothepark.()’scold,sowedecided______athome.stay()’tforget______yourhomeworktomorrow.bring()didn’t______meaboutit.二、句型變換didmyhomeworkyesterday.(改為否認(rèn)句)I___________myhomeworkyesterday.wenttoNewYorkonvacation.(就劃線部分發(fā)問(wèn))_______didshe______onvacation?visitedtheGreatWalllastSunday.改(為一般疑問(wèn)句)______Vera_____theGreatWalllastSunday?wasathomethistimeyesterday.改(為一般疑問(wèn)句)______heathomethistimeyesterday?studentshadfuninthepark.改(為同義句)Thestudents________________________inthepark.6.Lucydidherhomeworkyesterdayevening.(改為否認(rèn)句)Lucy_______________________homeworkyesterdayevening.7.JimwenttothebeachlastSunday.對(duì)(畫(huà)線部分發(fā)問(wèn))__________Jim______lastSunday?8.Theyplayedbasketballyesterday.對(duì)(畫(huà)線部分發(fā)問(wèn))_______________theyplaybasketball?三.用所給動(dòng)詞的適合形式填空。TomandMary_______(come)toChinalastmonth.Mydaughter________(notgo)toschoolyesterday.—_____she_________(practice)herguitaryesterday?—No,she___________.There_______(be)threetreesaroundmyhouselastyear.—What_____you______(do)lastweekend?—I_________(study)mathonSaturday.課外練習(xí)題一、寫(xiě)出以下動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式1.stay________

2.study________

3.stop________

4.decide________

5.write________6.feel________

7.has________

8.find________

9.come________10.are________二、寫(xiě)出以下動(dòng)詞的原形1.went_______

2.spent_______

3.played_______

4.called_______

5.wore_______6.bought_______

7.sold_______

8.enjoyed_______

9.got_______

10.ran_______三、選擇填空(

)1.

—How________you________yoursummervacation?—IvisitedXi’an.A.do，spendB.did，spendC.did，spent( )yougoonvacation?C.Who( )3.There________asmallboy________inthecomer，andIhelpedhimfindhismother.A.was，cryingB.is，cryC.was，cries( )4.Canyouhelpme________ataxi?C.find( )5.Doyouwant________themusicclub?C.tojoin( )6.Whatdidtheydecide________then?C.doing()7.Wehadgreatfun________inthewater.A.playB.playedC.playing()8.Thatwastooexpensive，________Idecidednottobuy.A.becauseB.soC.if()9.Ididn’thave________moneyforataxi，________Ihavetowalkhome.A.many，becauseB.any，soC.some，so()10.Where________you________yesterday?A.do，goB.did，goC.did，wentD.was，go()11.There________aheavyrainlastnight.A.isB.areC.wasD.were()12.I________youyesterdayafternoon，butyou________athome.A.call，aren’tB.amcalling，aren’tC.called，wereD.called，weren’t()13.Id