2019-2020年高二英語：閱讀專題訓(xùn)練(1)(新人教版必修3)

2019-2020年高二英語：閱讀專題訓(xùn)練（1）（新人教版必修3）Saturday,October7th,wasamarathonofsadtasksforAnnaPolitkovskaya.Twoweeksearlier,herfather,aretiredofficialinthedepartmentofforeignaffairs,haddiedofaheartattackasheemergedfromtheMoscowMetrowhileonhiswaytovisitPolitkovskaya'smother,RaisaMazepa,inthehospital.Shehadjustbeendiagnosed（診斷）withcancerandwastooweakeventoattendherhusband'sfuneral.“Yourfatherwillforgiveme,becauseheknowsthatIhavealwayslovedhim,”shetoldAnnaandhersister,ElenaKudimova,thedayhewasburied.Aweeklater,shehadanoperationandsincethenAnnaandElenahadbeentakingturnshelpingherdealwithhergrief.Politkovskayawassupposedtospendthedayatthehospital,buthertwenty-six-year-olddaughter,whowaspregnant,hadjustmovedintoPolitkovskaya'sapartment,onLesnayaStreet,whileherownplacewasbeingpreparedforthebaby.“Annahadsomuchonhermind,”ElenaKudimovatoldmewhenwemetinLondon,beforeChristmas.“Andshewastryingtofinishherarticle.”PolitkovskayawasaspecialreporterforthesmallnewspaperNovayaGazeta,and,likemostofherwork,thepiecefocusedontheterrorthatcanbeseenalloverthesouthernrepublicofChechnya.Thistime,shehadbeentryingtoreportrepeatedcruelactsdonebypeoplefaithfultothePrimeMinister,RamzanKadyrov,whoareinfavourofRussia.Inthepastsevenyears,Politkovskayahadwrittendozensofaccountsoflifeduringwartime;manyhadbeencollectedinherbook“ASmallCornerofHell:reportsfromChechnya.”Politkovskayawasfarmorelikelytospendtimeinahospitalthanonabattlefield,andherwritingborefrequentwitnesstorobbery,andtheuncontrolledcrueltyoflifeinaplacethatfewotherRussians—andalmostnootherreporters—caredtothinkabout.Politkovskaya'sfatherdiedof.tirednessB.aheartdiseaseC.anattackD.anaccidentFromthetextweknowthatRaisaMazepa.didn'tloveherhusbanddidn'tattendherhusband'sfuneralwashavinganoperationthedayherhusbandwasburiedwastoosadtoattendherhusband'sfuneral[來源:]Theunderlinedword“emerged”mostlikelym_e_a.nscameoutB.wentintoC.disappearedD.leftforHowmanyfamilymembersofAnnaarementionedinthe來源age?X.k]Three.B.FourC.FiveD.Six來源:]WhichofthefollowingworndsbecsatdescribePolitkovskaya'scharacter?CuriousB.easy-goingC.carelessD.responsibleBMostmornings,thelinebeginstoformatdawn:scoresofsilentwomenwithbabiesontheirbacks,bucketsbalancedontheirheads,andineachhandabright-blueplasticjug.Ongoodays,theywillwaitlessthananhourbeforeawatertankergoesacrossthedirtpaththatservaroadinKesumPurbahari,aslumonthesouthernedgeofNewDelhi.Onbaddays,whenthereisnoelectricityforthepumps,thetankersdon'teatall.“Thatwaterkillspeople,”ayoungmnamedShobasaidonerecentSaturdaymorning,pointingtoarowofpailsfilledwiththick,caramel焦糖)~eoloredliquid.“Whoeverdrinksitwilldiet:'WasTlfrawataepipesharedbythousandsofpeopleinthepoorneibourhood.Womenoftenuseittowashclothesandbathetheirchildren,butnobodyisdesperateenoughtodrinkit.Thereisnostandardforhowmuchwaterapersonneedseachday,butexpertsusuallyputtheminimumatfiftylitres.ThegovernmentofIndiapromises(butrarelyprovides)forty.Mostpeopledrinktwoorthree—liltersessthanittakestowashatoilet.Therestistypicallyusedforcookingandbathing.Americansconsumebetweenfourhundredandsixhundredlitresofwatereachday,morethananyotherpeopleonearth.MostEuropeansuselessthanhalfthat.ThewomenofKesumPurbaharieachhopedtodragawayahundredlitretshatday—twoorthreebuckets'worth.Shobahasahusbandandfivechildren,andthatmuchwaterdoesn'tgofarinafamilyofseven,particularlywhenthetemperaturereachesahundredandtendegreesbeforenoonSheoftenmakesupthedifferencewithbottledwater,whichcostsmorethanwaterdeliveredanyotherway.Sometimesshejustbuysmilk;it'scheaper.Likethepooreswthepreo,plteheeverypeopleofNewDelhi'sslumsspendafargreaterpercentageoftheirinesonwaterthananyoneluckyenoughtoliveinahouseconnectedtoasystemofpipes.Theunderlinedword“slum”mostlikelymeans.avillageasmalltownanareaofatownwithbadly-built,over-crowdedbuildingsthepartofatownthatlackswaterbadly7.Sometimesthewatertankerdoesn'tebecause.[來源:]theweatherisbadthereisnoelectricitythereisnowaterpeopledon'twantthedirtywaterApersonneedsatleastlitresofwateraday.ahundredB.fourhundredC.fortyD.fiftyWhichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?A.ahundredlitresofwateradayisenoughforShoba'sfamilyAmericansusesthelargestamountofwatereachdayinKesumPurbaharimilkischeaperthanbottledwaterShobahasafamilyofsevenpeopleThepassagemainlytellsus.A.howwomeninKesumPurbaharigetstheirwaterhowmuchwateradayapersondeeds[來源:]thatIndialackswaterbadlyhowIndiagovernmentmanagestosolvetheproblemofwaterCOnedaylastSeptember,asBritneySpearswasabouttoboardaflighttoLosAngelesfromLondon,abluebottlefelloutofherpurse.Shequicklyputitbackin,butnotbeforethecamerarecordedtheevent.NeitherSpearsnorherspokesmanwaswillingtomentonthecontentsofthebottle,butthenextmorningLondon'sDailyExpresspublishedapageofpicturesundertheheadline“EXCLUSIVE:POPPRINCESSSPOTTEDATAIRPORTWITHPOTOFSLIMMINGTABLETS.”SpearswasapparentlycarryingZantrex-3,oneofthemostpopularweight-losspillsnowsoldintheUnitedStates.Thepill,whichissoldataboutfiftydollarsforamonth'ssupply,containsahugeamountofcaffeine,somegreentea,andthreemonSouthAmericanherbsthatalsoactasstimulants（興奮劑）.IthittheU.S.marketlastMarchandhashadasuccessthatwouldbehardtooverstate.Millionsofbottleshavebeensold,andduringtheChristmasseasonitwasdisplayedinthewindowsofthenation'slargestchainofvitaminshops,G.N.C.(Itissohighlysoughtafterthatmanyofthestoreskeepitinlockedcounters.)Zantrex-3isalsosoldatCVS,RiteAid,Wal-Mart,andotherchains,andoverthetelephoneandontheInternet.Ifyoutype“Zantrex”intoGoogle,morethanahundredthousandpiecesofinformationaboutitwillappear.Atanymoment,therearescoresofpeoplesellitoneBay.PerhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthesuccessstoryofZantrex-3,however,isthatiLisfarfromunique.Therearehundredsofsimilarproductsonthemarkettoday,andtheyareboughtbymillionsofAmericans.AndthoughZantrex'sproducermakessomeexcitingstatements(“themostadvancedweightcontrolpound(化合物)period"),sodothepeoplewhosellStacker2andAnorexalongwiththosewhosellCarbEliminatorandFatEliminator.Almostallofthesepoundssuggestthattheycanhelppeopleloseweightandregainlostenergy,andoftenwithoutdiet,exercise,oranyothereffort.BritneySpearsisa/an.dancerB.singerC.athleteD.chemistWhichofthefollowingisalsoakindofweight-losspill?CVSB.RiteAidC.Wal-MartD.AnorexTheunderlinedpartofthesentenceinthefirstparagraphismostlikelysimilarinmeaningtoitisdifficulttosayhowsuccessfulZantrex-3isyoucan'toverstatethesuccessofZantrex-3youcan'tthinktoohighlyofthesuccessofZantrex-3Zantrex-3isnotverysuccessfulFromthesecondparagraphweknowthat.Zantrex-3isoneofthesuccessfulweight-losspillsontheUSmarketZantrex-3isthemostsuccessfulweight-losspillsontheUSmarketZantrex-3istheonlyweight-losspillontheUSmarkettherearefivekindsofweight-losspillsontheUSmarketThetextmainlytellsus.A.whenBritneySpearswasfoundtakingweight-losspillswithherhowZantrex-3becamesuccessfulintheUSA[來源:]weight-losspillsareverypopularintheUSAZantrex-3isforbiddentobesoldontheUSmarket[來源:][來源:]參考答案1—5BBACD6—10CBDAC11-15BDCAC答案B。從第2句中的“...haddiedofaheartattack..."可知B選項是正確答案。C選項attack是“攻擊”的意思，而文中出現(xiàn)的是heartattack,“心臟病”，因此C選項偷換了概念；其他選項與文中相關(guān)的表述不相干。[來源:]答案B。從3、4、5三句可知B選項是正確選項，其他三個選項與文中的表述不一致。答案A。介詞“from”表示動作的出處、來源，而后面的介詞賓語是“theMoscowMetro”，可知“MoscowMetro"是“emerged”這一動作的起源地，因此，A選項符合原文的意思。答案C。文中提到Politkovskaya姐妹倆，以及她的父母、女兒。答案D。從“PolitkovskayawasaspecialreporterforthesmallnewspaperNovayaGazeta..一直到文章的結(jié)尾，作者簡述了Politkovskaya敢于直面社會的不良現(xiàn)象的正值性格，而這是其他記者所不屑的，因此D選項是正確答案。答案CoA、B、D可以指貧窮地區(qū)，也可以指富裕地區(qū)，但根據(jù)第1段的第2句及第2段的最后一句可以知道slum指的更可能是貧窮地區(qū)，C選項比較接近這個意思，因此應(yīng)該是最佳答案。答案B。根據(jù)第1段的Onbaddays,whenthereisnoelectricityforthepumps,thetankersdon'teatall.可以知道B選項是正確答案。答案D。根據(jù)第2段的“...butexpertsusuallyputtheminimumatfiftylitres"可以知道D選項是正確答案。答案Ao根據(jù)第2段的Shobahasahusbandandfivechildren,andthatmuchwaterdoesn'tgofarinafamilyofseven,particularlywhenthetemperaturereachesahundredandtendegreesbeforenoon.可以判斷A選項不符合文意，而其他選項均可在文中找到支持信息。答案C。該題是判斷主旨大意題。第2段第2句是該文的主題句，C選項與主題句的意思一致，因此是正確選項。A、B選項是細節(jié)信息，用于村托印度缺水的現(xiàn)象；D選項則完全與文章的意思相反，因此均可排除。答案B。細節(jié)信息題。從第1段的大寫部分【..POPPRINCESSSPOTTEDATAIRPORTWITHPOTOFSLIMMINGTABLETS."可以知道B選項是正確答案。答案D。細節(jié)信息題。根據(jù)第1段的“Zantrex-3isalsosoldatCVS,Rite.Aid,Wal-Mart,andotherchains,”以及第2段的“…sodothepeoplewhosellStacker2andAnorexalongwiththosewhosellCarbEliminatorandFatEliminator.'可以知道D選項是正確答案。答案C。理解句子結(jié)構(gòu)及推測詞義題。從IthittheU.S.marketlastMarchandhashada_successthatwouldbehardtooverstate.的前半部分可以知道Zantrex-3是美國市場很暢銷的減肥類商品；根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法可以知道后半部分的overstate有“夸張、夸大事實"的意思，而wouldbehardtooverstate可以理解為“難以夸張、夸大"的意思，因此劃線部分的意思可以直譯為“難以夸大/夸張的成功”或理解為“怎么夸張都不過份的成功”,C選項所含有的句型cannot...too亦是此意。答案A。從第2段的1、2、3句可以知道A選項是正確答案，其他選項均與文章的信息不一致。答案CoA選項只包含了文章的部分信息；B選項側(cè)重Zantrex-3獲得成功的方式，而文章并沒有這方面的信息；D選項與文章中的信息相反；從整體來看，文章是以Zantrex-3為引子，引出減肥或瘦身類商品當(dāng)今在美國很流行的話題，即第1段是引入，第2段開始切入主題，第2段的第2句可以看做是主題句。C選項與主題句的意思一致，因此應(yīng)該是該題的答案。[來源:]2019-2020年高二英語：閱讀專題訓(xùn)練（2）（新人教版必修3）Alittleunderone-thirdofU.S.familieshavenoInternetaccessanddonotplantogetit,withmostoftheholdoutsseeinglittleuseforitintheirlives,accordingtoasurveyreleasedonFriday.ParkAssociates,aDallas-basedtechnologymarketresearchfirm,said29percentofU.S.families,or31millionhomes,donothaveInternetaccessanddonotintendtosubscribe（預(yù)訂）toanInternetserviceoverthenext12months.ThesecondannualNationalTechnologyScanconductedbyParkfoundthatthemainreasonwhypotentialcustomerssaytheydonotsubscribetotheInternetisbecauseofthelowvaluetotheirdailylivesratherthanconcernsovercost.Forty-fourpercentofthesefamiliessaytheyarenotinterestedinanythingontheInternet,versusjust22percentwhosaytheycannotaffordaputerorthecostofInternetservice,thesurveyshowed.Theanswer“I'mnotsurehowtousetheInternet”camefrom17percentofparticipantswhodonotsubscribe.Theresponse“Idoallmye-merceshoppingandYouTube-watchingatwork”wascitedby14percentofInternet-accessusers.ThreepercentsaidtheInternetdoesn'treachtheirhomes.ThestudyfoundU.S.broadbandadoptiongrewto52percentoverxx,upfrom42percentinxx.Roughlyhalfofnewsubscribersconverted（轉(zhuǎn)變）fromslower-speed,dial-upInternetaccesswhiletheotherhalfoffamilieshadnoprioraccess.“Theindustrycontinuestochip（擊破）awayatthecoreofnon-subscribers,buthasalongwaytogo,”saidJohnBarrett,directorofresearchatParksAssociates.“Entertainmentapplicationswillbethekey.Ifanythingwillpullintheholdouts,it'sgoingtobeapplicationsthatmaketheInternetmoresimilartopay-TV,”hepredicted.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“holdouts”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymean?someAmericanfamiliesthosewhoholdoutone'sopinionsthosewhohavebeensurveyedthosewhostillhaven'taccesstotheInternetcurrentlyManypotentialcustomersrefusetosubscribetotheInternetmainlybecause.theyshowtoomuchconcernaboutthecostB.theycanfindlittlevalueofittheydomostYouTube-watchingatworkD.theInternetdoesn'treachtheirhomesFromthepassagewecaninferthat.［來源:學(xué)§科§網(wǎng)］ItisnotaneasyjobtotransformthoseholdoutsintotheInternetuserspeoplewilladoptdial-upInternetaccessnomoremanyAmericansenjoydoinge-merceshoppingathomemorethanhalfofthepopulationareusingtheInternetinxxAccordingtoJohnBarrett,whatisthekeytoattractingmoreU.S.familiestobroadbandservice?makingtheInternetlookmoresimilartoTVsetapplyingtheInternetmoretoentertainmentprovidingmorepay-TVprograms［來源:學(xué)§科§網(wǎng)］chippingawayatthecoreofnon-subscribersWhichisthebesttitleforthepassage?WebdevelopswithtechnologyB.ThepresentsituationofwebC.ManyAmericansseelittlepointtowebD.ItisurgenttopromotewebserviceAgainstthesuppositionthanforestfiresinAlaska,CanadaandSiberiawarmtheclimate,scientistshavediscoveredthatcoolingmayoccurinareaswhereburnttreesallowmoresnowtomirrormoresunlightintospace.Thisfindingsuggeststhattakingstepstopreventnorthernforesttolimitthereleaseofgreenhousegasesmaywarmtheclimateinnorthernregions.Usuallylargefiresdestroyedforestsintheseareasoverthepastdecade.Scientistspredictthatwithclimatewarming,firesmayoccurmorefrequentlyovernextseveralcenturiesasresultofalongerfireseason.Sunlighttakeninbytheearthtendstocausewarming,whileheatmirroredbackintospacetendstocausecooling.Thisisthefirststudytoanalyzeallaspectsofhownorthernfiresinfluenceclimate.Earlierstudiesbyotherscientistshavesuggestedthatfireinnorthernregionsspeedupclimatewarmingbecausegreenhousegasesfromburningtreesandplantsarereleasedintotheatmosphereandthustrapheat.Scientistsfoundthatrightafterthefire,largeamountsofgreenhousegasesenteredtheatmosphereandcausedwarming.Ozone（臭氧）levelsincreased,andashfromthefirefellonfar-offseaice,darkeningthesurfaceandcausingmoreradiationfromthesuntobetakenin.Thefollowingspring,however,thelandwithintheareaofthefirewasbrighterthanbeforethefire,becausefewertreescoveredtheground.Snowonthegroundmirroredmoresunlightbackintospace,leadingtocooling.“Weneedtofindoutallpossiblewaystoreducethegrowthofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.”Scientiststrackedthechangeinamountofradiationenteringandleavingtheclimatesystemasaresultofthefire,andfoundameasurementcloselyrelatedtotheglobalairtemperature.Typically,fireinnorthernregionsoccursinthesameareaevery80to150years.Scientists,however,foundthatwhenfireoccursmorefrequently,moreradiationislostfromtheearthandcoolingresults.Specifically,theydeterminedwhenfirereturns20yearsearlierthanpredicated,0.5wattspersquaremeterofareaburnedaresoakedupbytheearthfromgreenhousegases,but0.9wattspersquaremeterwillbesentbackintospace.Theneteffectiscooling.Wattsareusedtomeasuretherateatwhichenergyisgainedorlostfromtheearth.Accordingtothenewfindings,takingstepstopreventnorthernforestfiresmay.[來源:學(xué)#科#網(wǎng)][來源:]A.resultinawarmingclimatecausetheforestfirestooccurmorefrequentlyleadtoalongerfireseasonprotecttheforestsandtheenvironmentthereThefollowingarealltheimmediateeffectsafteraforestfireEXCEPT.largeamountsofgreenhousegasesentertheatmospherethelevelsofozonewhichisatypeofoxygenincreasesnowonthegroundmirrorsmoresunlightbackintospaceD.ashesfromthefirefallontheicesurfaceandtakeinmoreradiationfromthesunEarlierstudiesaboutnorthernforestfires.analyzeallaspectsofhownorthernfiresinfluenceclimateindicatethatforestfireswillpollutetheatmosphere[來源:Z#xx#k]suggestthatpeopleshouldtakemeasurestoprotectenvironmentsuggestthatthefireswillspeedupclimatewarmingTheunderlinedphrase“soakup”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeansA.releasedB.absorbedC.createdD.distributedFromthepassagewecandrawaconclusionthatforestfiresinAlaska,CanadaandSiberiamay.warmtheclimateasthesuppositiongoesallowmoresnowtoreflectmoresunlightintospaceandthuscooltheclimatedestroylargeareasofforestsandpollutethefar-offseaicehelptogainmoreenergyratherthanreleasemoreenergyCKincaidlookedathiswatch:eight-seventeen.Thetruckstartedonthesecondtry,andhebackedout,shiftedgears,andmovedslowlydownthealleyunderhazysun.ThroughthestreetsofBellinghamhewent,headingsouthonWashington11,runningalongthecoastofPugetSoundforafewmiles,thenfollowingthehighwayasitswungeastalittlebeforemeetingU.SRoute20.Turningintothesun,hebeganthelong,windingdrivethroughtheCascades.Helikedthiscountryandfeltunpressedstoppingnowandthentomakenotesaboutinterestingpossibilitiesforfutureexpeditionsortoshootwhathecalled“memorysnapshots.”Thepurposeofthesecausalphotographswastoremindhimofplaceshemightwanttovisitagainandapproachmoreseriously.InlaterafternoonheturnednorthatSpokane,pickingupU.S.Route2,whichwouldtakehimhalfwayacrossthenorthernUnitedStatestoDuluth,Minnesota.Hewishedforthethousandthtimeinhislifethathehadadog,agoldenretriever,maybe,fortravelslikethisandtokeephimpanyathome.Buthewasfrequentlyaway;overseasmuchofthetimeanditwouldnotbefairtotheanimal.Still,hethoughtaboutitanyway.Inafewyearshewouldbegettingtoooldforthehardfieldwork.“Imustgetadogthen.”Hesaidtohimself.[來源:]Driveslikethisalwaysputhimintoasentimentalmood.Thedogwaspartofit.RobertKincaidwasaloneasit'spossibletobe—anonlychild,parentsbothdead,distantrelativeswhohadlosttrackofhimandheofthem,noclosefriends.HethoughtaboutMarian.Shehadlefthimnineyearsagoafterfiveyearsofmarriage.Hewasfifty-twonow,thatwouldmakeherjustunderforty.Marianhaddreamsofbeingamusician,afolksinger.SheknewalloftheWeavers'songsandsangthemprettywellinthecoffeehouseofSeattle.Whenhewashomeintheolddays,hedrovehertotheshowsandsatintheaudiencewhileshesang.Hislongabsences—twoorthreemonthssometimes—werehardonthemarriage.Heknewthat.Shewasawareofwhathedidwhentheydecidedtogetmarried,andbothofthemhadavague(notclear)sensethatitcouldallbehandledsomehow.Itcouldn'twhenhecamefromphotographingastoryinIcelandand,shewasgone.Thenoteread,“Robert,itdidn'tworkout,IleftyoutheHarmonyguitar.Stayintouch.”Hedidn'tstayintouch.Neitherdidshe.He3signedthedivorcepaperswhentheyarrivedayearlaterandcaughtaplaneforAustraliathenextday.Shehadaskedfornothingexceptherfreedom.WhichrouteistherightonetakenbyKincaid?A.Bellingham—Washington11—PugetSound—U.SRoute20—U.SRoute2—DuluthU.S.Route2—Bellingham—Washington11—PugetSound—U.SRoute20—DuluthU.S.Route2—U.SRoute