托福語法名詞性從句市公開課金獎(jiǎng)市賽課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

TOFELGRAMMARNounClause第1頁本節(jié)目標(biāo)名詞性從句學(xué)習(xí)掌握并利用主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句第2頁簡單句VS.復(fù)合句

簡單句復(fù)合句Theideaisridiculous.Thattheearthisroundisridiculous.Hetoldmethetruth.Hetoldmethattheearthisround.Mytheoryisajoke.Mytheoryisthattheearthisround.Themagazine,NationalGeography,tellsusthecommonknowledge.Themagazine,NationalGeography,tellsusthecommonknowledge.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------第3頁名詞性從句–四種成份

在英文中，名詞或名詞短語主要充當(dāng)四種成份：主語、賓語、表語和同位語（見上表第一列）。

假如我們把句子當(dāng)做名詞來用，分別在另一個(gè)句子中作主語、賓語、表語和同位語（見上表第二列），于是組成了四種從句：主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。

因?yàn)檫@四種從句在本質(zhì)上相當(dāng)于名詞作用，所以我們把它們統(tǒng)稱為名詞性從句。

第4頁名詞性從句–三種句子Thattheearthisroundisafact.Myquestioniswhetherpeoplewillliveonthemoonsomeday.Scientistshavearguedoverthequestionwhetherthereislifeonotherplanets.Idon’tknowhowmanylettersthereareintheEnglishalphabet.陳說句、普通疑問句、特殊疑問句第5頁名詞性從句–本質(zhì)Thattheearthisroundisafact.

(Theearthisround.)Myquestioniswhetherpeoplewillliveonthemoonsomeday.

(Willpeopleliveonthemoonsomeday?)Scientistshavearguedoverthequestionwhetherthereislifeonotherplanets.

(Istherelifeonotherplanets?)Idon’tknowhowmanylettersthereareintheEnglishalphabet.

(HowmanylettersarethereintheEnglishalphabet?)第6頁陳說句變名詞性從句–

主語從句

Hedoesn’tunderstandEnglish.很顯然他不懂英語。Thathedoesn’tunderstandEnglishisobvious.月球本身不發(fā)光這是一個(gè)常識(shí)。Thatthemoonitselfdoesnotgiveofflightiscommonknowledge.地球是圓，這是真理。Thattheearthisroundisatruth.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在陳說句句首加上that，然后把“that+陳說句”這一結(jié)構(gòu)分別放在另一個(gè)句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。第7頁it作形式主語為防止頭重腳輕，經(jīng)常用it作形式主語置于句首，而將主語從句放在句尾。很顯然他不懂英語。Itisobviousthathedoesn’tunderstandEnglish.月球本身不發(fā)光這是一個(gè)常識(shí)。Itiscommonknowledgethatthemoonitselfdoesnotgiveofflight.地球是圓，這是真理。Itisatruththattheearthisround.你沒經(jīng)過這次考試真遺憾。Itisashame/pitythatyoudidnotpassthetest.第8頁常見主語從句句型–

it作形式主語Itis+過去分詞+that從句：It’sreportedthat…據(jù)報(bào)道。。。It’sbelievedthat…人們相信。。。It’sgenerallythoughtthat…人們普遍認(rèn)為。。。Itshouldbenotedthat…應(yīng)該注意。。。Ithasbeenfoundthat…現(xiàn)已發(fā)覺。。。Itmustbepointedoutthat…必須指出。。。一樣能夠這么用詞有:say,expect,know,estimate,forecast等。第9頁常見主語從句句型–

it作形式主語Itis+形容詞+that從句：Itisclearthat…顯然。。。Itispossible/likelythat…很可能。。。Itisnaturalthat…很自然。。。Itiscertainthat…能夠相信。。。Itisstrangethat…奇怪是。。。Itisfortunatethat…幸運(yùn)是。。。Itisnecessarythat…有必要是。。。第10頁常見主語從句句型–

it作形式主語Itis+名詞短語+that從句：apity,ashame,anhonor,agoodidea,nowonder,etc.Itisapitythat…可惜是。。。Itisafactthat…事實(shí)是。。。Itisgoodnewsthat…。。。真是太好了。Itisagoodthingthat…。。。真是件好事。Itisnowonderthat…難怪。。。Itisashamethat…遺憾是；。。。真是太不像話了Itisanhonorthat…真榮幸。。。Itiscommonknowledgethat…。。。是常識(shí)。Itismybeliefthat…我相信。。。Itisamiraclethat…。。。真是奇跡。第11頁練習(xí)時(shí)間^_^

將以下句子改寫成it作主語句子Thatsmokingcancausecanceristrue.ThatLucyfailedhisEnglishexamwasashame.Thathehasbeenlateforworkoverandoveragainisaseriousmatter.Thatthelittlebabysurvivedundersuchbadconditionswasamiracle.第12頁陳說句變名詞性從句–

賓語從句

我認(rèn)為你是正確。Ithink(that)youareright.我們知道地球是圓。Weknow(that)theearthisround.我認(rèn)為扎實(shí)語法功底對(duì)英文寫作很主要。Ithink(that)asoundknowledgeofgrammarisessentialtogoodwriting.在陳說句句首加上that，然后把“that+陳說句”這一結(jié)構(gòu)分別放在另一個(gè)句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第13頁陳說句變名詞性從句–

表語從句我認(rèn)為這個(gè)孩子應(yīng)該送到學(xué)校去上學(xué)。Myideaisthatthechildshouldbesenttoschool.困難在于我們?nèi)狈Y金。Thetroubleisthatweareshortoffunds.在陳說句句首加上that，然后把“that+陳說句”這一結(jié)構(gòu)分別放在另一個(gè)句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第14頁陳說句變名詞性從句–

賓語從句

他實(shí)驗(yàn)取得成功，這讓大家很高興。Thefactthathesucceededintheexperimentpleasedeverybody.有人曾謠傳Tom是小偷，結(jié)果證明是不對(duì)。TherumorthatTomwasathiefturnedouttobeuntrue.她到處散布謠言說他犯有盜竊罪。Shespreadthelieeverywherethathewasguiltyoftheft.在陳說句句首加上that，然后把“that+陳說句”這一結(jié)構(gòu)分別放在另一個(gè)句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。第15頁普通疑問句變名詞性從句

–主語從句

I.主語從句

他們是否會(huì)支持我們還是一個(gè)問題。他們是否會(huì)支持我們?變正常語序Wouldtheysupportus?Theywouldsupportus.(2)whether或if來引導(dǎo)Whethertheywouldsupportus...(3)()還是一個(gè)問題

Whethertheywouldsupportusis/remainsaquestion.Itis/remainsaquestionwhethertheywouldsupportus.普通疑問句變成陳說句，而且用whether或if來引導(dǎo)。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第16頁普通疑問句變名詞性從句

–賓/表/同位語從句II.賓語從句我不清楚他是否需要我?guī)椭?。Idon’tknowif/whetherheneedsmyhelp.III.表語從句我關(guān)心是他到底來不來。Myconcerniswhetherhecomesornot.IV.同位語從句他們面臨是否該繼續(xù)干下去這個(gè)問題。Theyarefacedwiththeproblemwhethertheyshouldcontinuetowork.普通疑問句變成陳說句，而且用whether或if來引導(dǎo)。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第17頁普通疑問句變名詞性從句

–if還是whether?if普通只用于引導(dǎo)賓語從句，而whether可引導(dǎo)包含賓語從句在內(nèi)其它名詞從句當(dāng)出現(xiàn)…ornot時(shí)，普通只用whether…ornot，而不用if填空：a.()hecomesornotmakesnodifference.b.Thequestionis()hewillcome.c.Idon’tcare()heishandsome.d.Thequestion()weshouldcallinaspecialistwasansweredbythefamilydoctor.答案:Whether:a.b.dif:c第18頁練習(xí)時(shí)間^_^

將括號(hào)里疑問詞變成名詞性從句______remainsuncertain.(Shallwehavethematch?)Iwonder_______.(Shouldwewaitforhim?)Nooneknowsexactly______.(Istherelifeonotherplanets?)Myquestionis______.(Dowehaveenoughtimetogotothemovie?)Doyouknow______.(Doessoundtravelfasterthanlight?)第19頁特殊疑問句變名詞性從句

–標(biāo)準(zhǔn)判斷正誤：A.Ihavenoideawhenhewillreturn.B.Ihavenoideawhenwillhereturn.A.Whyherefusedtocooperatewithusisstillamystery.B.Whydidherefusetocooperatewithusisstillamystery.

特殊疑問句變成陳說語序,然后將變成正常語序特殊疑問句分別放在另一個(gè)句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第20頁特殊疑問句變名詞性從句

–主語從句I.主語從句他告訴你是真。Whathetoldyouistrue.由誰來主持會(huì)議還未決定。Whowillchairthemeetinghasnotyetbeendecided.何時(shí)舉行會(huì)議還沒決定。Whenthemeetingistobeheldhasnotyetbeendecided.特殊疑問句變成陳說語序,然后將變成正常語序特殊疑問句分別放在另一個(gè)句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第21頁特殊疑問句變名詞性從句

–賓語從句I.賓語從句我還沒決定投票給誰。IhavenotdecidedwhomIshouldvotefor.你能告訴我郵局在哪兒嗎？Couldyoutellmewherethepostofficeis?我們不知道他為何昨天沒來。Wedidn’tknowwhyhedidnotcomeyesterday.特殊疑問句變成陳說語序,然后將變成正常語序特殊疑問句分別放在另一個(gè)句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第22頁特殊疑問句變名詞性從句

–表語從句I.表語從句關(guān)鍵是你什么時(shí)候才能變得有錢。Thepointiswhenyouwillbecomerich.昨天是歷史。明天是個(gè)謎。今天是一件禮品。所以它才被稱為present！Yesterdayishistory.Tomorrowisamystery.Todayisagift.That’swhyit’scalledthepresent!特殊疑問句變成陳說語序,然后將變成正常語序特殊疑問句分別放在另一個(gè)句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第23頁特殊疑問句變名詞性從句

–同位語從句I.同位語從句我不清楚他是誰。Ihavenoideawhoheis.該讓誰取得出國機(jī)會(huì)，這個(gè)問題需要仔細(xì)考慮。Thequestionwhoshouldgetthisopportunitytogoabroadrequirescarefulconsideration.現(xiàn)在問題是我們?nèi)ツ睦锱竭@筆貸款。Therearosethequestionwherewecouldget