2023年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題第一套試卷及答案

2023年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題試卷及答案〔一〕PartIWriting(30minutes)(請(qǐng)于正式開考后半小時(shí)內(nèi)完成該局部，之后將進(jìn)行聽力考試)Directions:Supposeyouareaskedtogiveadviceonwhethertoattendavocationalcollegeorauniversity,writeanessaytostateyouropinion.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.【參考范文】WhethertoAttendaVocationalCollegeoraUniversity?It’sanundisputabletruththatvirtuallyallhighschoolgraduateswillencounterthechoicesbetweenavocationalcollegeandauniversity.Andwhenitcomestothisquestion,students’ideasarenotcutfromthesamecloth.Inpointofwhichtochooseandwhattobetakenintoconsideration,myadvicesareasfollow.Inthefirstplace,weshouldbeconsciousofthefactthatbothofthetwochoiceshaveitsownsuperiorities.Forinstance,avocationalcollegespecializesincultivatinghumanresourceswithpracticalcapabilities;whileauniversityservesasthecradleofacademicresearchersindifferentfields.Thenitdoesfollowthathighschoolgraduatesshouldhaveaclearpictureofthemselves.Thatistosay,theyshouldknowtheirmeritsanddemeritsandtheirchoicesmustgiveplaytotheirstrengthswhilstcircumventweaknesses.Inaddition,interestisthebestteacherandit’salsothepremiseoflearningonone’sowninitiative.Thusinterestmustbetakenintoaccountbecauseitcannotonlydecidehowfaronecanreachacademicallyandprofessionallybutalsohowhappyandfulfilledonewillbe.Inbrief,allabovejustgoestoshowthattherereallyisnoone-size-fits-allanswerforthequestion.Thekeyliesinaclearcognition,accurateself-positioningandtheinterestofoneself.Onlythencaneveryonefindarightpaththatworksbestforus.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此局部試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.A)Hewouldfeelinsulted.B)Hewouldfeelverysad.C)Hewouldbeembarrassed.D)Hewouldbedisappointed.2.A)Theyareworthyofaprize. B)Theyareoflittlevalue.C)Theymakegoodreading. D)Theyneedimprovement.A)Heseldomwritesabookstraightthrough.B)Hewritesseveralbookssimultaneously.C)Hedrawsonhisreal-lifeexperiences.D)Heoftenturnstohiswifeforhelp.4. A)Writingabookisjustlikewatchingafootballmatch.B)Writersactuallyworkeverybitashardasfootballers.C)Helikeswatchingafootballmatchafterfinishingabook.D)Unlikeafootballmatch,thereisnoendtowritingabook.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A)Achievementsofblackmaleathletesincollege.B)Financialassistancetoblackathletesincollege.C)Highcollegedropoutratesamongblackathletes.D)Undergraduateenrollmentsofblackathletes.6.A)Theydisplaygreattalentineverykindofgame.B)Theyarebetteratsportsthanatacademicwork.C)Theyhavedifficultyfindingmoneytocompletetheirstudies.D)Theymakemoneyforthecollegebutoftenfailtoearnadegree.7.A)About15%. B)Around40%.C)Slightlyover50%. D)Approximately70%.8.A)Coacheslacktheincentivetograduatethem. B)Collegedegreesdonotcountmuchtothem.C)Theyhavelittleinterestinacademicwork. D)Schoolsdonotdeemitaseriousproblem.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.9. A)Marketingstrategies.B)Holidayshopping.C)Shoppingmalls.D)Onlinestores.A)About50%ofholidayshoppers.B)About20-30%ofholidayshoppers.C)About136million.D)About183.8million.11. A)Theyhavefewercustomers.B)Theyfindithardtosurvive.C)Theyarethrivingoncemore.D)Theyappealtoelderlycustomers.12. A)BetterqualityofconsumergoodsB)Higheremploymentandwages.C)Greatervarietiesofcommodities.D)Peoplehavingmoreleisuretime.Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theyarenewspeciesofbiginsects.B)Theyareoverprescribedantibiotics.C)Theyarelife-threateningdiseases.D)Theyareantibiotic-resistantbacteria.A)Antibioticsarenowinshortsupply.B)Manyinfectionsarenolongercurable.C)Largeamountsoftaxmoneyarewasted.D)Routineoperationshavebecomecomplex.15. A)Facilities.B)Expertise.C)Money.D)Publicity.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B)，C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)Itisaccessibleonlytothetalented.B)Itimprovesstudents’abilitytothink.C)Itstartsalifelonglearningprocess.D)Itgivesbirthtomanyeminentscholars.A)Theyencourageacademicdemocracy.B)Theypromoteglobalization.C)Theyupholdthepresidents'authority.D)Theyprotectstudents’rights.18.A)Histhirstforknowledge.B)Hiseagernesstofindajob.C)Hiscontemptforauthority.D)Hispotentialforleadership.Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19.A)Fewpeopleknowhowtoretrieveinformationproperly.B) Peoplecanenhancetheirmemorywithafewtricks.C) Mostpeoplehavearatherpoorlong-termmemory.D) Peopletendtounderestimatetheirmentalpowers.20. A)Theypresentthestatesinasurprisinglydifferentorder.B) Theyincludemoreorlessthesamenumberofstates.C) Theyareexactlythesameasisshownintheatlas.D) Theycontainnamesofthemostfamiliarstates.21. A)Focusingonwhatislikelytobetested.B) Havingagoodsleepthenightbefore.C) Reviewingyourlessonswheretheexamistolakeplace.D) Makingsensibledecisionswhilechoosingyouranswers.22. A)Discoverwhenyoucanlearnbest. B)Changeyourtimeofstudydaily.C)Giveyourselfadoublebonusafterwards.D)Followtheexampleofamarathonrunner.Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.23. A)Heisapolitician. B)Heisabusinessman.C)Heisasociologist. D)Heisaeconomist24. A)Inslums. B)InAfrica.C)Inpre-industrialsocieties. D)Indevelopingcountries.25. A)Theyhavenoaccesstohealthcare,letaloneentertainmentorrecreation.B) Theirincomeislessthan50%ofthenationalaveragefamilyincome.C) Theyworkextrahourstohavetheirbasicneedsmet.D) Theirchildrencannotaffordtogotoprivateschools.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.A)Hewouldfeelinsulted.B)Hewouldfeelverysad.C)Hewouldbeembarrassed.D)Hewouldbedisappointed.【答案】A【解析】題目問如果男士在二手書店中發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己寫的書，那么男士會(huì)感覺怎樣。男士說到：如果他在二手書店發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己的書，他會(huì)認(rèn)為這是種侮辱。因此選A。2.A)Theyareworthyofaprize.B)Theyareoflittlevalue.C)Theymakegoodreading.D)Theyneedimprovement.【答案】B【解析】題目問男士的妻子認(rèn)為他的書怎么樣。男士說到：他最新的一本書是在2004年寫的，當(dāng)時(shí)在寫的時(shí)候給他妻子看了一小局部。妻子認(rèn)為他寫的內(nèi)容是垃圾。這說明他的妻子認(rèn)為他寫的書毫無價(jià)值。因此選B。3.A)Heseldomwritesabookstraightthrough.B)Hewritesseveralbookssimultaneously.C)Hedrawsonhisreal-lifeexperiences.D)Heoftenturnstohiswifeforhelp.【答案】A【解析】題目問當(dāng)男士在寫作的時(shí)候，他通常會(huì)做什么。在對(duì)話中，女士問男士他那本?被埋葬的巨人?為什么被擱置了那么久，顯然是過了十年才把這本書寫好。男士答復(fù)：他寫書通常都是寫寫停停，寫到一半就會(huì)擱置幾年時(shí)間再繼續(xù)寫。男士的言外之意是，他很少會(huì)一口氣把一本書寫完。因此選A。4.A)Writingabookisjustlikewatchingafootballmatch.B)Writersactuallyworkeverybitashardasfootballers.C)Helikeswatchingafootballmatchafterfinishingabook.D)Unlikeafootballmatch,thereisnoendtowritingabook.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.【答案】D【解析】題目問男士提到足球比賽是想表達(dá)什么。男士在最后說到，足球運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)在結(jié)束的哨聲吹響的時(shí)候，就意味著比賽已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。但是對(duì)于作家來說，永遠(yuǎn)都沒有結(jié)束的哨聲這一說。因此選D。5.A)Achievementsofblackmaleathletesincollege.B)Financialassistancetoblackathletesincollege.C)Highcollegedropoutratesamongblackathletes.D)Undergraduateenrollmentsofblackathletes.【答案】C【解析】題目問這兩個(gè)講話者在談?wù)撌裁础Ｅ吭谝婚_始就引出主題：一份研究說明，在大學(xué)中黑人運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)的輟學(xué)率特別高。因此選C。6.A)Theydisplaygreattalentineverykindofgame.B)Theyarebetteratsportsthanatacademicwork.C)Theyhavedifficultyfindingmoneytocompletetheirstudies.D)Theymakemoneyforthecollegebutoftenfailtoearnadegree.【答案】D【解析】題目問這份研究對(duì)黑人男性運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)有什么新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。男士說到：他們是以給學(xué)校創(chuàng)造收入的工薪階層的身份存在的，而不是以受教育的學(xué)生的身份存在的。就是說，黑人男性運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)只是學(xué)校的掙錢工具，而學(xué)校并沒有給他們太多接受學(xué)術(shù)教育的時(shí)機(jī)。因此選D。7.A)About15%.B)Around40%.C)Slightlyover50%.D)Approximately70%.【答案】C【解析】題目問黑人男性運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)的畢業(yè)率是多少。女士答復(fù)：在65所學(xué)校中只有勉強(qiáng)一半多一點(diǎn)兒的黑人能畢業(yè)。因此選C。8.A)Coacheslacktheincentivetograduatethem.B)Collegedegreesdonotcountmuchtothem.C)Theyhavelittleinterestinacademicwork.D)Schoolsdonotdeemitaseriousproblem.【答案】A【解析】題目問根據(jù)男士可知，黑人運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)沒能取得大學(xué)學(xué)位的原因是什么。男士在最后說到：所有的動(dòng)機(jī)不是要贏得比賽就是不能輸?shù)舯荣?。教練缺乏讓他們畢業(yè)的動(dòng)力。因此選A。SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.9.A)Marketingstrategies.B)Holidayshopping.C)Shoppingmalls.D)Onlinestores.【答案】B【解析】題目問說話者主要說了什么。聽力材料一開始就提到“America’sholidayshoppingseasonstartsonBlackFriday...Itisthebusiestshoppingdayoftheyear〞，因此，不難推斷出該篇聽力的主題是關(guān)于holidayshopping，因此此題選B。10.A)About50%ofholidayshoppers.B)About20-30%ofholidayshoppers.C)About136million.D)About183.8million.【答案】D【解析】題目問有多少人會(huì)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)星期一那天購(gòu)物。聽力篇章中提及，“About183.8millionpeoplewillshoponCyberMonday〞，就不難選出此題答案D。11.A)Theyhavefewercustomers.B)Theyfindithardtosurvive.C)Theyarethrivingoncemore.D)Theyappealtoelderlycustomers.【答案】C【解析】題目問關(guān)于傳統(tǒng)購(gòu)物中心，?財(cái)富?是怎么說的。聽力篇章中提及“Fortunesaystheweakestofthemallshaveclosed.Thesectoristhrivingagain〞，由此可知，此題答案選C。12.A)Betterqualityofconsumergoods.B)Higheremploymentandwages.C)Greatervarietiesofcommodities.D)Peoplehavingmoreleisuretime.【答案】B【解析】題目是問購(gòu)物者數(shù)量增加的原因是什么。篇章中提到，“…lowerunemploymentandrisingwagescouldgiveAmericansmoremoneytospend〞，其中B選項(xiàng)與這句話完全符合，lowerunemployment即higheremployment，故此題選B。Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.13.A)Theyarenewspeciesofbiginsects.B)Theyareoverprescribedantibiotics.C)Theyarelife-threateningdiseases.D)Theyareantibiotic-resistantbacteria.【答案】D【解析】題目問關(guān)于超級(jí)細(xì)菌我們知道什么。篇章中提及，“youmayhaveheardaboutthenewsuperbugswhichareantibiotic-resistantbacteriathathavedevelopedasaresultofoverprescribedantibiotics.",其中D選項(xiàng)與這句話完全符合。14.A)Antibioticsarenowinshortsupply.B)Manyinfectionsarenolongercurable.C)Largeamountsoftaxmoneyarewasted.D)Routineoperationshavebecomecomplex.【答案】D【解析】題目問抗生素用量過度的后果是什么。篇章中提到“seeminglyroutineoperations...arenowmuchmorehazardous...〞，D選項(xiàng)與此相符合。15.A)Facilities.B)Expertise.C)Money.D)Publicity.【答案】C【解析】題目問，在說話者看來，為應(yīng)對(duì)嚴(yán)重威脅生命的傳染病，什么是最迫切需要的。篇章最后提及：面對(duì)嚴(yán)重威脅生命的傳染病，卻只有1.2%的預(yù)算被用于研究上，這與所需的資金相差甚遠(yuǎn)。由此可知C選項(xiàng)正確。SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),CJandD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.16.A)Itisaccessibleonlytothetalented.B)Itimprovesstudents’abilitytothink.C)Itstartsalifelonglearningprocess.D)Itgivesbirthtomanyeminentscholars.【答案】B【解析】題目問說話者是如何描述大學(xué)的。聽力材料中提到“youareheretounderstandthinkingbetterandtothinkbetteryour-self〞，B選項(xiàng)與此相符合。17.A)Theyencourageacademicdemocracy.B)Theypromoteglobalization.C)Theyupholdthepresidents’authority.D)Theyprotectstudents’rights.【答案】A【解析】題目問關(guān)于大學(xué)，我們可以從說話者的故事中了解到什么。篇章中提到“Butwhatwasreallyimportantaboutthatwastheuniversitiesstandoutasplacesthatreallyareabouttheauthorityofideas."，由此可推斷出大學(xué)鼓勵(lì)思想交流，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)術(shù)民主，A選項(xiàng)正確。18.A)Histhirstforknowledge.B)Hiseagernesstofindajob.C)Hiscontemptforauthority.D)Hispotentialforleadership.【答案】A【解析】題目是問說話者在挑戰(zhàn)他論文的年輕人身上看到了什么。聽力篇章中提及“a...youcouldn’tdebatethatyoungman’shungertolearn〞，由此可判斷選A。Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19.A)Fewpeopleknowhowtoretrieveinformationproperly.B)Peoplecanenhancetheirmemorywithafewtricks.C)Mostpeoplehavearatherpoorlong-termmemory.D)Peopletendtounderestimatetheirmentalpowers.【答案】D【解析】聽力篇章一開始就提及，“Psychologicalresearchshowsweconsistentlyunderestimateourmentalpowers.〞，這與D選項(xiàng)完全符合。20.A)Theypresentthestatesinasurprisinglydifferentorder.B)Theyincludemoreorlessthesamenumberofstates.C)Theyareexactlythesameasisshownintheatlas.D)Theycontainnamesofthemostfamiliarstates.【答案】B【解析】聽力材料中提到，“Thetwolistswillcontainroughlythesamenumberofstatesbuttheywillnotbeidentical〞，由此可知此題答案為B選項(xiàng)。21.A)Focusingonwhatislikelytobetested.B)Havingagoodsleepthenightbefore.C)Reviewingyourlessonswheretheexamistotakeplace.D)Makingsensibledecisionswhilechoosingyouranswers.【答案】C【解析】題目問說話者對(duì)如何準(zhǔn)備和參加考試有何建議。聽力篇章中提及“Ifpossible,youshouldalsotrytolearninformationintheroomwhereitisgoingtobetested〞，這與C選項(xiàng)完全符合，故此題選C。22.A)Discoverwhenyoucanlearnbest.B)Changeyourtimeofstudydaily.B)Giveyourselfadoublebonusafterwards.D)Followtheexampleofamarathonrunner.【答案】A【解析】題目問關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)，說話者給了我們什么建議。聽力篇章中曾提及：“Whenyoulearnisalsoimportant〞，這說明，要找到最適合自己學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間，故A選項(xiàng)正確。Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.23.A)Heisapolitician.B)Heisabusinessman.C)Heisasociologist.D)Heisaneconomist.【答案】C【解析】題目是問說話者是做什么的。聽力篇章中提及“Itconcernsnotonlyussociologistsbutalsoeconomists,politiciansandbusinesspeople.〞，答案為C選項(xiàng)。24.A)Inslums.B)InAfrica.C)Inpre-industrialsocieties.D)Indevelopingcountries.【答案】D【解析】題目是問說話者說在哪可以發(fā)現(xiàn)極度貧窮的情況。聽力篇章中提及：“Wheredoesextremepovertyoccur?Well,youcanfinditonlyindevelopingcountries.〞，因此此題答案選D。25.A)Theyhavenoaccesstohealthcare,letaloneentertainmentorrecreation.B)Theirincomeislessthan50%ofthenationalaveragefamilyincome.C)Theyworkextrahourstohavetheirbasicneedsmet.D)Theirchildrencannotaffordtogotoprivateschools.【答案】B【解析】題目是問家庭相對(duì)貧窮的美國(guó)人是什么樣的。聽力篇章中提及：“intheUnitedStatesafamilycanbeconsideredpooriftheirincomeislessthan50%ofthenationalaveragefamilyincome.〞，這與B選項(xiàng)完全符合。PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.AfterbecomingpresidentofPurdueUniversityin2023,MitchDanielsaskedthefacultytoprovethattheirstudentshaveactuallyachievedoneofhighereducation’smostimportantgoals:criticalthinkingskills.Twoyearsbefore,anationwidestudyofcollegegraduateshadshownthatmorethanathirdhadmadeno(26)_______gainsinsuchmentalabilitiesduringtheirschoolyears.Mr.Danielsneededto(27)_______thehighcostofattendingPurduetoitsstudentsandtheirfamilies.Afterall,thepercentageofAmericanswhosayacollegedegreeis“veryimportant〞hasfallen(28)_______inthelast5-6years.Purduenowhasapilottesttoassessstudents’criticalthinkingskills.YetlikemanycollegeteachersaroundtheU.S.,thefacultyremain(29)_______thattheirworkaseducatorscanbemeasuredbya“l(fā)earning(30)_______〞suchasagraduate’sabilitytoinvestigateandreason.However,theprofessorsneednotworrysomuch.Theresultsofarecentexperimentshowedthatprofessorscanuse(31)_______metricstomeasurehowwellstudentsdointhreekeyareas:criticalthinking,writtencommunication,andquantitativeliteracy.Despitethesuccessoftheexperiment,theactualresultsareworrisome,andmostly(32)_______earlierstudies.Theorganizersoftheexperimentconcludedthatfarfewerstudentswereachievingathighlevelsoncriticalthinkingthantheyweredoingforwrittencommunicationorquantitativeliteracy.Andthatconclusionisbasedonlyonstudentsnearinggraduation.Americanuniversities,despitetheirglobal(33)_______ forexcellenceinteaching,haveonlybeguntodemonstratewhattheycanproduceinreal-worldlearning.Knowledge-baseddegreesarestillimportant,butemployersare(34)_______advancedthinkingskillsfromcollegegraduates.Iftheintellectualworthofacollegedegreecanbe(35)_______measured,morepeoplewillseekhighereducation—andcomeoutbetterthinkers.注意：此局部試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。A)accuratelyB)confirmC)demandingD)doubtfulE)drasticallyF)justifyG)monopolizedH)outcomeI)predominanceJ)presumingK)reputationL)significantM)signifyN)simultaneouslyO)standardized26.【解析】F?？崭袂暗膔emain為系動(dòng)詞，因此空格處需要填入一個(gè)形容詞；根據(jù)前面的句意“……更有可能堅(jiān)持做一件事〞，可知focused最為符合，表示“保持全神貫注〞，因此此題選F。27.【解析】L。根據(jù)空格前的to可判斷空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞原形，根據(jù)句意，“使用口頭提示來記憶圖像〞，可知選項(xiàng)L符合。28.【解析】0?？崭袂笆橇吭~twenty，因此空格處需填入一個(gè)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；再由前邊的“Inoneexperiment〞可知這是一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，所以這里選擇volunteers〔志愿者〕最為適宜，故此題選0。29.【解析】H?？崭袂昂蠓謩e為be動(dòng)詞were和介詞to，因此空格處需要填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；根據(jù)句意，“一半人被_____要大聲地重復(fù)他們要找的東西，〞可知instructed〔通知，指導(dǎo)〕最為適宜，因此此題答案選H。30.【解析】J。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可判斷空格處需要填入一個(gè)形容詞。再由theotherhalf對(duì)應(yīng)的是前邊的Half，可知這里的情況和前邊的不同，前邊說repeatoutloud〔大聲地重復(fù)〕，后邊自然就是要表達(dá)“不說話〞的意思，keepone’slipssealed即“閉上嘴巴、不說話〞的意思，故此題選J。31.【解析】M?？崭袂暗膖hat引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句，空格與后面的名詞詞組thenameofacommonproduct共同充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)，因此空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞的-ing形式，根據(jù)句意可判斷uttering更為適宜，故此題選M。32.【解析】A?？崭袼诰涫且粋€(gè)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，空格前后組成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞havematured，因此空格處實(shí)際上并不缺成分，只可能填入一個(gè)副詞來修飾動(dòng)詞matured，根據(jù)單詞意思，這里應(yīng)選apparently。33.【解析】C。根據(jù)空格前邊的agreatsignof可知，空格處缺少一個(gè)名詞；再根據(jù)句意，“當(dāng)你足夠成熟時(shí)，自言自語(yǔ)并不能顯示出你的_____〞，可知這里填入brilliance更為適宜。故此題選C。34.【解析】D?？崭袂斑吺且痪渫暾脑?，空格后是that從句，由此判斷空格處填入動(dòng)詞的-ing形式，作為前邊句子的伴隨狀語(yǔ)，并引導(dǎo)后面的賓語(yǔ)從句；分析選項(xiàng)，動(dòng)詞的-ing形式只剩下claiming這一個(gè)詞，故此題選D。35.【解析】N?？崭裉幮枰钊胍粋€(gè)名詞，與前邊的Atany構(gòu)成介詞詞組；結(jié)合整篇文章的大意，此處填入volume最為適宜，故此題選N。SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.ThePriceofOilandthePriceofCarbon[A]Fossilfuelpricesarelikelytostay“l(fā)owforlong.〞Notwithstandingimportantrecentprogressindevelopingrenewablefuelsources,lowfossilfuelpricescoulddiscouragefurtherinnovationin,andadoptionof,cleanerenergytechnologies.Theresultwouldbehigheremissionsofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases.[B]Policymakersshouldnotallowlowenergypricestoderailthecleanenergytransition.Actiontorestoreappropriatepriceincentives,notablythroughcorrectivecarbonpricing,isurgentlyneededtolowertheriskofirreversibleandpotentiallydevastatingeffectsofclimatechange.Thatapproachalsooffersfiscalbenefits.[C]Oilpriceshavedroppedbyover60%sinceJune2023.Acommonlyheldviewintheoilindustryisthat“thebestcureforlowoilpricesislowoilprices.〞Thereasoningbehindthissayingisthatlowoilpricesdiscourageinvestmentinnewproductioncapacity,eventuallyshiftingtheoilsupplycurvebackwardandbringingpricesbackupasexistingoilfields一whichcanbetappedatrelativelylowmarginalcost—aredepleted.Infact,inlinewithpastexperiencecapitalexpenditureintheoilsectorhasdroppedsharplyinmanyproducingcountries,includingtheUnitedStates.Thedynamicadjustmenttolowoilpricesmay,however,bedifferentthistimearound.[D]Oilpricesareexpectedtoremainlowerforlonger.Theadventofnewtechnologieshasaddedabout4.2millionbarrelsperdaytothecrudeoilmarket,contributingtoaglobalover-supply.Inaddition,otherfactorsareputtingdownwardpressureonoilprices:changeinthestrategiesbehavioroftheOrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountries,theprojectedincreaseinIranianexports,thescaling-downofglobaldemand(especiallyfromemergingmarkets),thelong-termdropinpetroleumconsumptionintheUnitedStates,andsomedisplacementofoilbysubstitutes.Theselikelypersistentforces,likethegrowthofshale(頁(yè)巖〕oil,pointtoa“l(fā)owforlong〞scenario.Futuresmarkets,whichshowonlyamodestrecoveryofpricestoaround$60abarrelby2023,supportthisview.[E]Naturalgasandcoal—alsofossilfuels—havesimilarlyseenpricedeclinesthatlooktobelong-lived.Coalandnaturalgasaremainlyusedforelectricitygeneration,whereasoilisusedmostlytopowertransportation,yetthepricesofalltheseenergysourcesarelinked.TheNorthAmericanshalegasboomhasresultedinrecordlowpricesthere.TherecentdiscoveryofthegiantZohrgasfieldofftheEgyptiancoastwilleventuallyhaveimpactonpricingintheMediterraneanregionandEurope,andthereissignificantdevelopmentpotentialinmanyotherplaces,notablyArgentina.Coalpricesalsoarelow,owingtoover-supplyandthescaling-downofdemand,especiallyfromChina,whichbumshalfoftheworld’scoal.[F]Technologicalinnovationshaveunleashedthepowerofrenewablessuchaswind,hydro,solar,andgeothermal(地?zé)?.EvenAfricaandtheMiddleEast，hometoeconomiesthatareheavilydependentonfossilfuelexports,haveenormouspotentialtodeveloprenewables.Forexample,theUnitedArabEmirateshasendorsedanambitioustargettodraw24%ofitsprimaryenergyconsumptionfromrenewablesourcesby2023.[G]Progressinthedevelopmentofrenewablescouldbefragile,however,iffossilfuelpricesremainlowforlong.Renewablesaccountforonlyasmallshareofglobalprimaryenergyconsumption,whichisstilldominatedbyfossilfuels—30%eachforcoalandoil,25%fornaturalgas.Butrenewableenergywillhavetodisplacefossilfuelstoamuchgreaterextentinthefuturetoavoidunacceptableclimaterisks.[H]Unfortunately,thecurrentlowpricesforoil,gas,andcoalmayprovidelittleincentiveforresearchtofindevencheapersubstitutesforthosefuels.Thereisstrongevidencethatbothinnovationandadoptionofcleanertechnologyarestronglyencouragedbyhigherfossilfuelprices.Thesameistruefornewtechnologiesforalleviatingfossilfuelemissions.[I]Thecurrentlowfossilfuelpriceenvironmentwillthuscertainlydelaytheenergytransitionfromfossilfueltocleanenergysources.Unlessrenewablesbecomecheapenoughthatsubstantialcarbondepositsareleftundergroundforaverylongtime,ifnotforever,theplanetwilllikebeexposedtopotentiallycatastrophicclimaterisks.[J]Someclimateimpactsmayalreadybediscernible.Forexample,theUnitedNationsChildrenFundestimatesthatsome11millionchildreninAfricafacehunger,disease,andwatershortageasaresultofthestrongestElNino(厄爾尼諾〕weatherphenomenonindecades.ManyscientistsbelievethatElNinoevents,causedbywarminginthePacific，arebecomingmoreintenseasaresultofclimatechange.[K]NationsfromaroundtheworldhavegatheredinParisfortheUnitedNationsClimateChangeConference,COP21,withthegoalofauniversalandpotentiallylegally-bindingagreementreducinggreenhousegasemissions.Weneedverybroadparticipationtofullyaddressglobaltragedythatresultswhencountriesfailtotakeintoaccountthenegativeimpactoftheircarbonemissionsontherestoftheworld.Moreover,non-participationbynations,ifsufficientlywidespread,canunderminethepoliticalwillofparticipatingcountriestoact.[L]ThenationsparticipatingatCOP21arefocusingonquantitativeemissions-reductioncommitments.Economicreasoningshowsthattheleastexpensivewayforeachcountryistoputapriceoncarbonemissions.Thereasonisthatwhencarbonispriced,thoseemissionsreductionsthatareleastcostlytoimplementwillhappenfirst.TheInternationalMonetaryFundcalculatesthatcountriescangeneratesubstantialfiscalrevenuesbyeliminatingfossilfuelsubsidiesandlevyingcarbonchargesthatcapturethedomesticdamagecausedbyemissions.Ataxonupstreamcarbonsourcesisoneeasywaytoputapriceoncarbonemissions,althoughsomecountriesmaywishtouseothermethods,suchasemissionstradingschemes.Inordertomaximizeglobalwelfare,everycountry’scarbonpricingshouldreflectnotonlythepurelydomesticdamagefromemissions,butalsothedamagetoforeigncountries.[M]Settingtherightcarbonpricewillthereforeefficientlyalignthecostspaidbycarbonuserswiththetruesocialopportunitycostofusingcarbon.Byraisingrelativedemandforcleanenergysources，acarbonpricewouldalsohelpalignthemarketreturntoclean-energyinnovationwithitssocialreturn,spurringtherefinementofexistingtechnologiesandthedevelopmentofnewones.Anditwouldraisethedemandfortechnologiessuchascarboncaptureandstorage,spurringt