新視野2教改A班參考教案

重慶工商大學(xué)瑞程教餐課程名稱(chēng):大學(xué)英語(yǔ)授課教師:左筱林使用教材:新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)對(duì)象:05級(jí)經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院A1班時(shí)間:2005—2006學(xué)年第二學(xué)期Unit3(Book2)Thisunittakes6periods,twoforSectionA,twoforpracticeandtwoforSectionBSectionAMarriageAcrosstheNationsBackgroundInformationBlacksrefertomembersofaracialgrouphavingbrowntoblackskin,especiallyoneofAfricanorigin.Racismisthebeliefthatraceaccountsfordifferencesinhumancharacterorabilityandthataparticularraceissuperiortoothers.Mixedmarriagemeansmarriagebetweenpersonsofdifferentracesorreligions.AimofSectionAMainIdea&StructureAnalysisWhatisthetextmainlyabout?ThetextismainlyaboutthemixedmarriagebetweenGailandMark,andGaiTsparents'reactiontowardtheirweddingplans.GailandMarkdecidedtomarryafterlivingtogetherfortwoyears.HowevertheymetwithsomeresistancefromGail'sparents.Gail'smotheraskedGailtobesureMarkwastherightlife-longpartner.AndGail'sfatherquotedstatisticstoshowthedifficultiesamixedcouplemighthaveinAmericaandpersuadedGailtochangehermind.Howisthetextorganized?Thetextfallsintothreeparts:themixedmarriageofGailandMark,thereactionofGail'smothertowardtheirweddingplans,andtheresponseofGail'sfathertowardtheirweddingplans.Thetextisatypicalexampleofnarrationgiveninthefirstperson.Throughhisnarrative,thewriter,ablackman,tellsthereaderhismixedmarriageandgivesavividdescriptionoftheattitudesofhisgirlfriend'sparentstowardamixedmarriage.Thenarrationgoeshandinhandwithargumentation.Thiscanbeseenclearlyinthesecondpart.(Paras.1-4):ThemixedmarriageofGailandMarkTwoyearsoflivingtogether,plusracialandculturaldifferences,enhancedtherelationshipbetweenGailandMarksomuchthattheydecidedtomarryeventhoughtheydidnotknowwhatthefuturewouldholdforthemasamixedcouple.(Paras.5-9)ThereactionofGail'smothertothemarriageGail'smother'sreactiontotheirweddingplan,shereaffirmedthatMark'scolorwasnottheproblem.HerbiggestworrywasthatGailmightbemarryingMarkforthesamewrongreasonsasshehad.(Paras.10-21)TheresponseofGail'sfathertothemarriageGail'sfather'sreactiontotheirweddingplans.Hequotedstatisticsandgaveexamplestopersuadehisdaughtertochangehermind.UsefulPatternsTypicalpatternsforshowingthechangesofone'smind:TostartwithImustadmitthatatfirstIharboredreservationsaboutamixedmarriage,Butwhen1metMark,Ifoundhimacharmingandintelligentyoungguy.(L.28)Typicalpatternsfbrshowingone'sdisapprovalofdoingsth.:Ifwehadtoresolvealldoubtbeforeweacted,verylittlewouldevergetdone.(L.63)Typicalpatternsforexpressingone'sreservationsaboutsth.:Youmayberight.ButIstillthinkthatwaitingwon'thurt.(L.41)WordsandPhrasesCharacter,tolerance,compromise,subtle,hatred,illusion,married,mutual,compatible,incompatible,overlook,expectation,divorcebud,resistance,congratulation,counsel,subsequent,subsequently,harborreservation,prejudice,charm,guy,son-in-law,beloved,indication,confirmsuspect,harsh,hesitate,cancel,proceed,quote,hardship,racist,realisticresolve,upsanddowns,workout,foratime,meetwith,allalong,havenothingtodowith,onthesurface,atone'sworst,learnof,takecareofWarm-upThewholeclassaredividedintofourgroupswitheachgroupgivenoneofthefollowingtopics:a.Whatdoesmarriageremindusof?b.Whatistheidealmarriageinyourmind?c.Whatmakesahappymarriage? D.Whatisyouropinionaboutdivorce?Onememberineachgroupisaskedtoreporttotheclasstheresultoftheirdiscussion.Listentoashortpassagecarefullyandpreparetoanswersomequestions.ForwhattworeasonsdidGailandMarklivetogether?HowdidGail'sfatherandmotherreacttothenewsabouttheweddingplans?InwhatwaysareGail'sandherfather'sviewsdifferent?DetailedStudyoftheTextGailandIimaginedaquietwedding.(Para.1)Meaning:GailandIplannedtohaveaweddingwithoutmanypeopleorwithoutmuchactivity.Imagine:vt.(here)plantohave,thinkabouthaving...她無(wú)法想像竟會(huì)住在這么ー個(gè)小城鎮(zhèn)里;她喜歡大城市。Shecouldn'timaginelivinginasmalltownlikethis;shelikesbigcities.忙碌了一年,我們打算今年夏天在家過(guò)個(gè)安靜的假期。Weimagineaquietholidayathomeforthissummerafterabusyyear.Wehadexperiencedtheusualupsanddownsofacouplelearningtoknow...(Para.1)Meaning:Likeanyothercoupleswhowerelearningtoknow,understand,andrespecteachother,wehadhadbothhappyandunhappyperiods.Upsanddowns:amixofgoodexperiencesandbadexperiences人生充滿(mǎn)了歡樂(lè)與痛苦。Lifeisfullofupsanddowns.Ourracialandculturaldifferencesenhanced...agreatdealabouttolerance...(Para.2)Tolerance:n.[U]willingnessorabilitytoacceptsth.,qualityofallowingotherpeopletosayanddoastheylike,evenifyoudonotagreeorlikeit試ー試表現(xiàn)得寬容些。 Tryandshowsometolerance.歷史上的這個(gè)時(shí)期并不是以宗教上的寬容為特征的。Thisperiodinhistoryisnotfamousforitsreligioustolerance.[U]theabilitytobearsth.Unpleasant,ortocontinueexistinginspiteofbadconditions許多老人的耐寒能力十分有限。Manyoldpeoplehaveaverylimitedtolerancetocold.toleratevt,容忍;忍受;容許;默許;有耐藥性[力]tolerantadj.adj.容忍的,寬恕的,有耐藥カ的betolerantof[toward]對(duì)...人能容忍[寬容]tolerable adj.可忍受的;可容忍的;可原諒的...theyoverlookedseriouspersonalityconflicts...(Para.4)Overlook:vt.failtonoticeorrealizehowimportantsth.Is,miss忽略:沒(méi)注意;漏看Youhaveoverlookedseveralofthemistakesinthiswork.你忽略了這項(xiàng)工作中的幾個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。pretendnottonotice;forgive假裝不見(jiàn);寬容;原諒S(chǎng)heoverlookedhisoffensivenessandtriedtopretendnothinghadhappened.她沒(méi)有計(jì)較他的無(wú)禮,并盡量裝作沒(méi)事的樣子。haveorgiveaviewof(aplace)fromabove俯瞰,俯視Herbedroomhadlargewindowsoverlookingalake.她的臥室有幾扇對(duì)著湖面的大扇子。試比較oversee和overlook:overseev.俯瞰,監(jiān)視,檢查,視察...tomakeeverythingworkoutright,(para.4)Workout:haveasaresult,turnout,happenorprogressinacertainwayinthissense,theverbphraseisintransitiveThingswillworkoutwellifyouwilljustbepatient.如果你耐心點(diǎn),事情會(huì)有個(gè)圓滿(mǎn)的結(jié)果的。findbyreasoningorfiguringInthissense,theverbphraseistransitive.Haveyouworkedouttheanswer?你已經(jīng)的出答案來(lái)了沒(méi)有?Shehadworkedoutthatitwouldcostover100dollars.她已經(jīng)算出來(lái)那要花100多元。5....Gail'sparents,...weregoingthroughabitterandpainfuldivorce,...(para.4)Divorce:n.formalendingofamarriagebylawShegotadivorcefromhimlastyear.她去年和他離了婚。Thiswordcanalsobeusedasaverb(eithertransitivelyorintransitively)witharelatedmeaning.Forexamples:ThejudgedivorcedMr.andMrs.Jones.法官判瓊斯夫婦離婚。ItwassuchashamewhenMarthaandJamiedivorced.瑪莎和杰米離婚了,真是可惜!短語(yǔ):bedivorcedfrom與…離婚,與…脫離,與…分開(kāi)divorceoneselffrom與…離婚/脫離,與…分開(kāi)6.1harboredreservationsaboutamixedmarriage,prejudicesyoumightevencallthem.(para.7)Meaning:Ihaddoubtswhetheramarriagebetweenawhiteandablackwouldworkoutwell,whichyoumightevencallprejudices.Harbor:vt.have(feelings,thoughts,images,etc.)inone'smindoveralongperiodoftimeHeharborsasecrethatredagainsthisfather.他對(duì)她的父親暗懷憎恨。7.GaiPsfather,David,whomIhadnotyetmetpersonally,approachedourdecisionwithafather-knows-bestattitude,(para.10)Approach:vt.1)Tocomecloseto,asinappearance,quality,orcondition;approximate:近乎接近,如在外貌,質(zhì)量,或條件上;接近:Theperformanceapproachesperfection.性能近乎完美Tobegintodealwithorworkon:著手開(kāi)始處理或工作于:approachedthetaskwithdread.惶恐地開(kāi)始著手這項(xiàng)任務(wù)vi.Tocomenearornearer,asinspaceortime:接近靠近或靠得更近,如在空間或時(shí)間上:Springapproaches.春天近J.n.1)Theactofapproaching:接近接近的行為:theapproachofnight,夜幕降臨Afairlycloseresemblance;anapproximation.接近相當(dāng)近似;接近Awayormeansofreachingsomething;anaccess:途徑達(dá)到某些事的途徑或方法:通路:anapproachtothebridge.通向橋的路4)Themethodusedindealingwithoraccomplishing:步驟用于處理或完成的方法:alogicalapproachtotheproblem.對(duì)問(wèn)題的邏輯解決步驟.heimmediatelysuspectedthat...(para.10)Suspect:tr.1)Tosurmisetobetrueorprobable;imagine:猜想,想象猜想為真的或可能的;Isuspecttheyareverydisappointed.我猜想他們很失望Tohavedoubtsabout;distrust:懷疑,不信任:Isuspecthismotives.我懷疑他的動(dòng)機(jī)Tothink(aperson)guiltywithoutproof:懷疑(有犯罪之嫌疑)無(wú)證據(jù)時(shí)認(rèn)為(某人)有罪:Thepolicesuspectherofmurder.警察懷疑她犯了謀殺罪vi.Tohavesuspicion.懷疑n.Onewhoissuspected,especiallyofhavingcommittedacrime.嫌疑犯被懷疑的人,尤指被懷疑為犯下罪行的人adj.Opentoorviewedwithsuspicion:可疑的，受到懷疑的:asuspectpolicy;suspectmotives.可疑的警察;令人懷疑的動(dòng)機(jī)9itsnevertoolatetochangeyourmind.(para.21)Meaning:Youcanchangeyourmindanytime,howeversoonorlate.Otherexampleswiththepattern“nevertoo...to(do)”:Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.活到老,學(xué)到老。Itisnevertoolatetomend,(proverb)亡羊補(bǔ)牢,未為晩也。ExerciseDiscussion:Afterreadingthepassage,discussthefollowingtopicswithclassmates.l)doyouagreethatracialandculturaldifferenceswillleadtothefailuremarryeachother?Whyorwhynot?Referenceanswer:No.Therearemanyfactorsforthefailuretomarryeachother.Apartfromculturaldifferences,someotherfactorsexertgreatinfluenceonone'smarriage.Tostartwith,theracialdifferenceisoneofthebiggestobstaclestoone'smarriage.Manylovers,drivenbythetrueloveforeachother,gothroughdiversedifficultiesandhardships,onlytopartwitheachotherintheend,justliketheyoungcoupleshowninthevideo.Besides,thedifferentfamilybackgroundssometimespreventtheloversfromgettingmarriedbecausetheymeetwithresistancefromtheirfamilies.Asconfirmedinthevideo,theman'sfathersaidTdratherseeyoudeadthanknowyouwerewiththatwhitegirl."2IfyouareGail'smotherorfather,howdoyoudealwithGail'splantogetmarried?Translation:translatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingthegivenphrases.1)面對(duì)彼此的弱點(diǎn),夫妻要學(xué)會(huì)寬容;看到彼此的長(zhǎng)處也要學(xué)會(huì)欣賞。(toconfronttheweaknessesandstrengths)2)面對(duì)意見(jiàn)分歧,我們要開(kāi)誠(chéng)布公,而不是相互猜疑。(tobeopenwitheachother)3)令我們擔(dān)心的是,許多中學(xué)生熱衷于電腦游戲，以致不專(zhuān)心學(xué)業(yè)。(tobesoinvolvedwithsth.)4)許多學(xué)生從大學(xué)畢業(yè)時(shí),就指望不久能找到稱(chēng)心的工作;但常常是事與愿違。(intheexpectationthat...)5)政府的救濟(jì)只能幫你渡過(guò)燃眉之急,而不能為你解決一切問(wèn)題。(tomakeeverythingworkoutright)6)越來(lái)越多的證據(jù)表明，父母的言行對(duì)子女有潛移默化的影響。(tohaveaneffecton)7)起初,他每天早晨在公園散散步,過(guò)了一個(gè)月他開(kāi)始做慢跑運(yùn)動(dòng)。(tostartwith)8)表面上她似乎很靦腆,而當(dāng)你了解她時(shí)就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非如此。(onthesurface)Confrontingeachother'sweaknesses,acoupleshouldlearnhowtobetolerant;and,inresponsetoeachother'sstrengths,bothshouldalsolearnhowtobeappreciative.Facedwiththedifferencesofopinions,weshouldbeopenwitheachotherratherthanfeeldoubtfulaboutoneanother.Toourworry,manymiddleschoolstudentsaretooinvolvedwithcomputergamestomindtheirstudies.Manystudentsgraduatefromcollegeintheexpectationthattheycansoonlandjobsaftertheirownhearts;butinmostcasesthingsgocontrarytotheirwishes.Thegovernmentreliefcanonlyhelpyoutideoverthemostpressingneedbutcannevermakeeverythingworkoutrightforyou.Agrowingbodyofevidenceshowsthatwhatparentssayanddohasasubtleeffectontheirchildren.Tostartwith,hewalkedintheparkforawhileeverymorning,andthenamonthlaterhebegantojog.Sheseemsrathershyonthesurface,butthatisnotthecasewhenyougettoknowher.3.Sentencemaking:makecompletesentencesusingthewordsorphrasesgiveninthefollowing.1)subtle 2)overlook 3)resist 4)congratulate 5)suspect6)proceed 7)resolve 8)confirm 9)beinvolvedin 10)gothrough11)workout12)hesitatetodosth.SectionBBackgroundInformationchickenpoxn.［醫(yī)］水痘InchreferstoaunitoflengthintheU.S.CustomaryandBritishImperialsystems,equalto!/12ofafoot(2.54centimeters)?寸,英寸美國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的和英制的長(zhǎng)度單位,等于リ12英尺(2.45厘米)A-OKisalwaysusedincolloquialEnglish,meaningsatisfactorily,verywell,perfectly.WordsandExpressionsbrilliantarrangecriticizehopefulfromheadtotoeingredientconcerninganticipatecriticismspotcompelbehalfinnocentsomehowmiserablemodestcomeupwithwinoverthinkofholdone'sbreathproceedtodo eventhoughputsb.tobedhititoffDetailedStudyoftheTextcomeupwith:findorproduce(ananswer,asolution,etc.)找至リ，想出(答案、解決方法)＜列句:Hecameupwithagoodideafortheproductpromotion.Ihopeyoucancomeupwithabetterplanthanthat.brilliant:a.1).fulloflight,shiningorbrightincolor光輝的，明亮的highlyskilled,unusuallygood,veryclever出色的,オ華橫溢的,聰穎的イ列句:Theroomswereallpaintedbrilliantwhite.“Didyoulikethefilm?'"Ithoughtitwasbrilliant."winover:gain(sb.'s)supportorfavor爭(zhēng)得(別人的)支持或恩惠例句:Hedisagrees,butwecanwinhimovertoourpointofview.Shehaswonoveralotofvillagerssinceshe'sbeenleaderofthevillagearrange:v.1).planthedetailsof(afutureevent);organize準(zhǔn)備,籌備，組織，安排2).putsth.inorder;makeorganized,orattractive排歹!J,整理，布置例句:I'vearrangedthatoneofmyclassmateswillmeetyouattheairportShearrangedtheflowersinavase.arrangementn.n.排歹リ,安排concerning:prep,about(sb./sth.)關(guān)于例句:Wereadstoriesconcerningvisitorsfromouterspace.beconcernedoversth.為某事憂(yōu)慮; beconcernedatsth,為某事憂(yōu)慮beconcernedinsth.和某事有牽連; beconcernedwith牽涉到,與…有關(guān)，參與

bemuchconcernedabout十分掛念anticipate:v.1).see(whatisgoingtohappenorwhatneedstobedone)andthenact事前處理,預(yù)先準(zhǔn)備例句:Hiswifeanticipatesallhisneedseachtimehecomesbackfromabusinesstrip.Anticipatingthatitwouldsoonbedark,allofthemtookflashlights.2)expect(sth.)預(yù)料,預(yù)期,期待例句:Doyouanticipatemeetinganytrouble?spot:n.1).smallraisedareaormarksontheskin粉刺，丘疹.asmallmark小點(diǎn)，斑點(diǎn),污點(diǎn).aparticularplaceorpoint地點(diǎn),處所例句:Teenagersoftensufferalotfromspots.Theboy'swhiteshirtwasmarkedupwithspotsofink.v.1).markwithspots玷污.seeornoticesomeoneorsomething,usuallybecauseyouarelookinghard認(rèn)出，發(fā)現(xiàn)例句:Themudspottedhistrousers.MyEnglishteacherspottedseveralspellingmistakesinmycomposition,onthespot 馬上,立刻;當(dāng)場(chǎng):在現(xiàn)場(chǎng);當(dāng)機(jī)立斷Thequestionputmeonthespot.這個(gè)問(wèn)題使我得做出反應(yīng)了。compel:v.makesb.dosth.;force強(qiáng)迫，迫使例句:Hewascompelledbyillnesstogiveuphisstudies.Wecannotcompelyoutodoit,butwethinkyoushould.字根pel,意思為“drive”(駕駛)expellantn.驅(qū)除劑propelv,推進(jìn)repellent/1.驅(qū)蟲(chóng)劑dispelv.卸除expelv.驅(qū)除impelv.推進(jìn)impellent”.expellantn.驅(qū)除劑propelv,推進(jìn)repellent/1.驅(qū)蟲(chóng)劑behalf:erest;side利益，方面例句:Thelegalguardianmustactonbehalfofthechild.Kenisnotpresent,soIshallaccepttheprizeonhisceedtodosth:dosomethingafteryouhavedonesomethingelse繼續(xù)進(jìn)彳了;繼續(xù)做下去例用:Theoldmantookadrinkfromhiscupandproceededtotellusabouthiswarexperiences.somehow:adv.1).insomeway;bysomemeans以某種方法或方式,設(shè)法2).forareasonthatisunknown由于某種未知的理由例句:Wemuststophimfromseeinghersomehow.1alwaysknewI'dgetthejob,somehow.Unit4Thisunittakes6periods,twoforSectionA,twoforpracticeandtwoforSectionBSectionAStudyingAbroadBackgroundInformationHostfamilyisthefamilythatprovides“boardandroom”,food,etc.foroverseasvisitorsorstudents.YoucanfindtwoAmericanexamplesat/oisa/hostfamJitml(Ohio)or/Admin/Cie/hostJilm(Wisconsin).ACanadiansiteathttp://www.cdncollege.bc.ca/hostfam.htmmaybeamoreinterestingexamplebecauseitisanESLcollegewithaninternationalexchangeprogram.Youcanalsotakealookat.au/-johnhaxt/family.htmlthatcanprovidesapersonalaccountfromtheperspectivesofanAustralianhostfamily.ItisastoryaboutaninternationalexchangeprogramNOTassociatedwithaparticularcollege,butrather,fosteringinternationalunderstandingandfriendship.(Thetextitselfmaybealittlemoredifficultforthestudentstocomprehend.)ChristiansarefollowersofJesuswithwhomtheyhaveapersonalrelationshipandwhomtheyaccept/receiveintotheirlivesasGod'ssonandthewaytoheaven.TheybelievethatthereisoneGod.MostChristiansaremembersofoneofthreemajorgroups?一-RomanCatholic,Protestant,orEasternOrthodox.ChristianityhashadanenormousinfluenceonWesterncivilization,especiallyonart,business,government,andsocialrelations.SeeforanswerstosomefrequentlyaskedquestionsaboutChristianity.Incometaxisoneofthetaxationsonindividualsandcompanies.InmanycountriesorregionssuchastheUSandWesternEuropeincometaxisoneofthemajorfinancialresourcesofthegovernment.Healthinsuranceisasystemfortheadvancefinancingofmedicalexpensesbymeansoffeesortaxespaidintoacommonfundtopayforallorpartofhealthservicesspecifiedinaninsurancepolicyorlaw.Healthinsurancemayapplytoalimitedorbroadrangeofmedicalservices.Benefitsmayconsistoftherighttocertainmedicalservicesorrepayingtheinsuredforspecifiedmedicalcostsandmaysometimesincludeincomebenefitsforworkingtimelostowingtosicknessormaternityleave.ForinformationandintroductiontohealthinsuranceintheUS,youcanvisitthewebsiteoftheHealthInsuranceofAmericaat,especiallytheconsumerinformationsectionat/consumer/guides.cfm.Thelattersectioncontainsintrocductorymaterialsthatareidealforclassroominstruction.AimofSectionAMainIdea&StructureAnalysisI)Whatisthetextmainlyabout?EveryyearagreatnumberofteenagersleavehometostudyinAmerica.Theygothereforavarietyofpurposes,includingincreasingtheircommandofEnglish,finishinghighschoolorunderstandingAmericanwaysoflife.Butnomatterwhatpurposestheyhaveinmind,theycanhardlyavoid

encounteringsuchproblemsasdifferentcustoms,newlifestyle,homesick,etc.,whichmaybecomeatorturetothem.Therefore,studyingoverseasiscompletelyaculturalshock.2)Howisthetextorganized?3)graphThepassageconsistsofthreeparts:thefirstpartintroducesthetopic-studyingabroad;thesecondpartexplainswhypeoplestudyabroad;thethirdanalysestheproblemsandchallengespeoplemayencounterinthenewland.Thepassageisatypicalexampleofexpositiondevelopedbynarration.ThefirstpartnarratestheflighttoLosAngeles,thusleadingthereadertothetopic.Throughrelatingthelifeexperiencesofthoseoverseasstudents,thegeneralideasofparttwoandthreebecomevividandconvincing.3)graphThroughnarratingtheflighttoLosAngeles,theauthornaturallyleadsthereadertothetopicofthewholepassage-studyingabroad,whichindicatesthestartofanewexperienceandalifewithoutparents,(para1-2)ManypeoplestudyinAmericarivervvear(para5-12)Peopleencountermany(para5-12)PeopleencountermanyUsefulPatternsl)Typicalpatternsforrevealingdifferentwaysofseeingsth.原句:Alfirstglance,thisisjustanotherroutineflightto...Yetfor38youngpassengersbetweenfifteenandeighteenyearsofage,itisthestartofanewexperience:...(L.2)Atfirstglance,sth./sb.isjust...orsb.justfeels...Yetforsb.else,sth./sb.is...乍一看.果爭(zhēng)/某:人只不過(guò)是……然而對(duì)其他人來(lái)說(shuō),某事/某人是……應(yīng)用:乍ー看,她只不過(guò)是一位普通的婦女。然而對(duì)于這個(gè)曾經(jīng)無(wú)家可歸的孩子來(lái)說(shuō),她是一位無(wú)私的偉大的母親:她把自己所有的愛(ài)和精力都傾注到他的成長(zhǎng)中。Atfirstglance,sheisjustanordinarywoman.Yetforthischildwhousedtobehomeless,sheisagreatunselfishmother:shedevotesallherloveandenergytohisgrowth.原句:Forthemajority,thedecisiontostudyabroadistakenonlyafteraperiodofatleastsixmonthsofcarefulplanning.4tForme,"says...,"it'smoreimportantto...thanitisto...”.(L.10)Forsb.,sth./doingsth,is/means...Yetforsb.else,itismoreimportanttodosth,elsethanitistodo_sth.對(duì)某人而言,某事/做某事是/意味著……然而對(duì)于另一人,做其它事比做某事更重要。應(yīng)用:對(duì)于多數(shù)大學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),大學(xué)生活意味著獲取專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)與技能。而對(duì)少數(shù)大學(xué)生而言,尋求快樂(lè)比尋求知識(shí)更重要。Forthemajorityofstudents,thecollegelifemeansacquiringspecialknowledgeandskills.Yetfortheminority,itismoreimportanttoseekpleasuresthanitistoseekknowledge.2)Typicalpatternsforrevealingcontrastsinsb.原句:Basically,moststudentsleaveknowingtheywillhavetodowithouttheiraccustomedparentalprotectionandlearntotakecareofthemselves.However,noonepackshisorherbagsalone.(L.35)Basically(Infact),sb.doessth,knowingthathe/shewill...However,sb.(still)...事實(shí)上,當(dāng)某人做某事時(shí),都知道他/她將……然而,某人(仍然)……應(yīng)用:事實(shí)上,當(dāng)這些勇敢的年輕人沖入火海救人時(shí),都知道這是很危險(xiǎn)的,且可能失去生命。然而,在危機(jī)時(shí)刻,他們卻毫不猶豫。Basically,thesebraveyoungmenjumpedintotheseaofflamestosaveothersknowingitwasdangerousandtheymaylosetheirlives.However,theymadenohesitationatthecriticalmoment.3)Typicalpatternsforemphasizingdifficultyindoingsth.原句:Things,astheysay,arenotalwayssoeasy.EvenyoungstudentswhoplanonstayingintheUnitedStatesjustlongenoughtofinishtwosemestersofhighschoolhavedifficultyfindingahostfamily.(L.16)Sth.,assb.says(expects/estimates),isnotalwayssoeasy(encouraging/pleasing/...).Eventhosewho...havedifficulty(trouble)doingsth.. 正如某人所說(shuō)那樣,某事不總是 甚至那些 也很難做某事。應(yīng)用:正如許多人所說(shuō)的那樣,漫漫人生路不總是那么平坦。甚至那些至今已克服了諸多困難的人要達(dá)到目標(biāo)仍有許多困難。Ourgreatjourneythroughlife,asmanypeoplesay,isnotalwayssosmooth.Eventhosewhohavesofarovercomealotofdifficultiesstillhavemuchtroubleattainingtheirgoals.Words&Phrasesdeparture:ngoingaway;actiondifferentfrom(whatisusual)Mr.Robert'sdeparturefromthecompanywasquiteasurprisetoallofus.Thetimetableshowsarrivalsanddeparturesofalltheflights.Therecanbenodeparturefromtherules.routine:nfixedandregularwayofdoingthingsThesoldierscheckedoneveryoneasamatterofroutine.Havingaholidayisgoodforyoutobreakfromroutine.fluent:a(ofaperson)abletospeakorwritealanguageorperformanactionsmoothly,accuratelyandwitheasegrant:vgivesthformallyorlegally:grantsthtosbTearscametohereyeswhensheacceptedthecertificategrantedbythepresident.TheUSagreedtograntthenewstatediplomaticrecognition.authority:npowertogiveordersandmakeothersobeyaccustomed:a(attrib)usual;habitualhetookhisaccustomedplacebeforethefire.Be/get/becomeaccustomedto:Be/get/becomeusedtoIttookhersometimetogetaccustomedtobeingtheonlyladyintheoffice.Haveyougetaccustomedtohiswayofthinking?descend:vcomeorgodownWeturnedthecomerandsawthattheroaddescendedsharply.Afeelingofsadnessdescendedonhimandmadehimleavethesitting-roomquietly.await:vt(ofaperson)waitfbr(sborsth);bereadyorwaitingfbr(sborsth)domestic:aoforinsideaparticularcountry,notforeignorinternationaldomesticflightsDomesticpublicopinionhadturnedagainstthewar.Manywomenfeeltheycannotapplyforthetopjobsbecauseofdomesticduties.Shelovesgoingout,butheisverydomestic.adapt:vbecomeaccustomedtonewconditions,etccommand:nabilitytouseorcontrolsth;anorderHehasagoodcommandoftheFrenchlanguage.Hehasnocommandoverhimself.Youwillrunforwardatmycommand.Hehatedbeinginthearmybecausehehadtoobeycommands.vbeabletouse(sth);ordershecommandsgreatwealth.DoasIcommandyou.aslongas:onconditionthat;providedthatdreamof:imagine,havehopesfbrdependon:varyaccordingto,beinfluencedordecidedbyintheeventof:ifsth.happensThebankpromisedthathecouldgetaloanintheeventofanemergency.Hiscousinwillcomeintoallhispropertyintheeventofhisdeath.lackof:littleornotenoughofsth.thatisneededThepolicehadtolethimgofbrlackofevidence.Heronlyproblemislackofconfidence.leavebehind:goawaywith(sborsth)remainingbehindinturn:oneafteranotherWarm-upDetailedStudyoftheText...theywillspend10monthsoftheirlivesstudyingabroad...(para.2)abroad:adinortoaforeigncountryorcountries;awayfromone'sowncoutryTheyperformregularlybothathomeandabroad.Healwaysgoesabroadonbusiness.beingspreadwidelyItisabroadthatsheplanstoleavethecompany.Thereisplentyofenthusiasmabroad.大家勁頭很足。EveryyeartheUnitedStatesishosttoanaverageof78,000foreignhighschoollevelstudents,ofwhich3,000areBrazilian,(para.3)Meaning:Everyyear,theU.Sprovideschancesforabout78,000highschoolstudents,amongwhich3,000areBrazilian,toreceivefurthereducation.Veryfewarriveinthecountrywithallthedetailsworkedout.(para.5)Meaning:AlmostnoneofthestudentsmanagedtohavealldetailsplannedordecidedwhentheyarriveintheUnitedStatesIdidn'teconomizeonwords,(para.5)Meaning:IsaidallthatIwantedtosay.Shehitthetarget,(para.5)Meaning:Shejustdidtherightthingandsucceeded.Hitthetarget:succeed;manageYoucertainlyhitthetargetwhenyousaidthathewaslazy.你說(shuō)他懶,可真讓你說(shuō)屮要害了。Hehitthetargetwhenhebecamepresidentoftheclass.他達(dá)至リ目的,當(dāng)上了班長(zhǎng)。Americansarequitereligious(themajoritybeingChristian)andhaveaspecialplaceintheirheartsforpets,(para.5)Meaning:MostAmericanshavefaith,especiallyChristianity,andtheyalsohaveaspecialfeelingforpets.”...thurngioritybeingChristian...”:anon-finiteclause,whichcanberegardedas"...andthemajorityofAmericansareChristian..."Thisstructurecanbeusedtoexpressdifferentmeanings,suchasanafter-thought,reason,time,attendingcondition,etc.Thepurse(itscontentsbeingvaluable)hasnotbeenfound,sowewenttothepolice.(=Becausethepursehadnotbeenfound,withvaluableitemsinside...)由于錢(qián)包沒(méi)有找到(里面裝著貴重的東西),我們就去報(bào)警了。Americanfamilies,whichhostforeignstudents,arenotpaid,thoughtheyareallowedasmallincometaxdeduction,(para.5)Meaning:ThoseAmericanfamiliesarenotpaidforprovidingroomandboardforforeignstudents,thoughtheycouldpaylessincometax.Deduction:ndeductingThepayIreceiveispaidafterthedeductionoftax.我得到的エ資是扣過(guò)稅的。.tocoverhisorherownexpensesfor...(para.6)cover:vt.payfor,(ofmoney)beenoughforTheamountofmoneycanhardlycovertheloss.這筆錢(qián)無(wú)法彌補(bǔ)損失。TheGreenshadtoeconomizebecauseMr.Green'sincomecouldhardlycovertheexpenses.因?yàn)楦窳窒壬氖杖霂缀醪粔蛉业拈_(kāi)銷(xiāo),所以一家人只好省吃?xún)€用。Basically,moststudentsleaveknowingtheywillhavetodowithouttheiraccustomedparentalprotectionandlearntotakecareofthemselves,(para.7)Meaning:Basically,moststudentsleavetheirhomesknowingtheywillhavetoliveontheirownandlearntotakecareofthemselveswithoutparents'protectionthattheyhavebeenusedto.Noticethatinthissentencethewhole"knowing...5,phrasefunctionsasanadverbial.InEnglish,the“doing.??"phraseoftenfunctionsasanadverbialinthisway.Hecamerunningallthewayfromthebusstop.Hetrippedoverthecarpetleavingtheroom.The"doing...Mphrasecanbeseparatedbyacomma,andsometimesmovedtootherpositionsinthesentence.Leavingtheroom,het