2015小升初英語(yǔ)備戰(zhàn)輔導(dǎo)-重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)與提高

2015小升初英語(yǔ)備戰(zhàn)輔導(dǎo)

--重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)與提高ー、名可表示某ー事物,有具體的和抽象的之分。分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。強(qiáng)調(diào):不可數(shù)名詞都默認(rèn)為單數(shù),所以總是用is或者was;最好不要根據(jù)some、any、alotof等詞去作判斷，以免受誤導(dǎo)。1、可數(shù)名詞如何變“復(fù)數(shù)形式''：a.ー?般情況下,直接加?s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds;讀音:清輔音后讀回,濁輔音和兀音后讀國(guó)。b,以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾,力ロ-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches:讀音:[iz]oc.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加?es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries；讀音：[z]od,以"f或ffe”結(jié)尾,變f或佗為v,再加-es,如:knife-knives,thieMhieves:讀音:⑵。e.以“〇'‘結(jié)尾的詞,分兩種情況1）有生命的+es讀音:[z]如:mango-mangoestomato-tomatoeshero-heroes2）無(wú)生命的+s 讀音:⑵如:photo-photosradio-radiosf.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù): man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,snowman-snowmen,mouse-mice,child-children,fbot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese2、不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)。如果要計(jì)算不可數(shù)名詞所表達(dá)的數(shù)量,就得在數(shù)詞和不可數(shù)名詞之間加上“量詞+of’。例如:aglassofwater,apieceofpaper,abottleofjuice判斷步驟:/如是am、is或was一原形讀句子ー讀該單詞ー認(rèn)識(shí)該單詞ー理解意思一看be動(dòng)詞、如是are或were一加s或es練ー練:1、寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)。Ihimthisherwatchmangochildphotodiarydayfootdresstoothsheepboxstrawberrythiefengineerpeachsandwichmanwomanleafpeople2.用所給名詞的正確形式填空。Aretheretwo (box)onthetable?Icanseesome(people)inthecinema.Howmany(day)arethereinaweek?Here'refive(bottle)of(juice)foryou.This(violin)ishers.Those (grape)areoverthere.二、冠詞冠詞是一種虛詞,不能獨(dú)立使用,通常放在名詞的前面,分為“不定冠詞’’和“定冠詞’’兩種。1、不定冠詞:a、an。用在單數(shù)名詞前，表示“一個(gè)，一件……an用在以元音“音素”開(kāi)頭的單詞前。如:ane-mail,anorange,anoldman,anEnglishwatch,anhour...2、定冠詞:the。用在單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。the沒(méi)有具體意思,有時(shí)翻譯為這、那。它的基本用法:(1)用來(lái)表示特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。如:Themaponthewallisnew.(2)表示說(shuō)話者雙方都知道的人或事物。如:Lookatthepicture,please.(3)表示再次提到前面談過(guò)的人或事物。如:Thisisastamp.Thestampisbeautiful.(4)用在表示世界上獨(dú)ー無(wú)二的事物前。如:thesun太陽(yáng)themoon月亮theearth地球(5)用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。如:theGreatWall長(zhǎng)城(6)用在江河、湖海等專有名詞前。如：theChangjiangRiver長(zhǎng)江(7)此外,序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)、樂(lè)器名稱等詞前面和一些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中一般都用定冠詞the。如:thefirstday,thebestboy,playthepiano,inthesameclass確定用a、an還是the時(shí)可根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思。練ー練：1、用a或an填空。"U" ice-cream goalkeeperteapotappleoffice Englishbook umbrellaunit hour2、根據(jù)需要,填寫冠詞a,an或the。Whoisgirlbehindtree?oldmanhastwochildren,sonanddaughter.Thisisorange.orangeisLucy's.Helikesplayingguitar.Wehavesamehobby.Weallhad goodtimelastSunday.Shewantstobedoctor.三,數(shù)詞我們學(xué)過(guò)兩類:基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞?；鶖?shù)用于表示數(shù)量多少,而基數(shù)詞用于表示次序,常在日期中出現(xiàn)。區(qū)別:基數(shù)詞前面沒(méi)有“the”;序數(shù)詞前一定要有“the”。

1、超過(guò)二十以上的兩位數(shù)需要在個(gè)位和十位之間加上"-"。如:21twenty-one2、三位數(shù)以上的則需要在百位數(shù)后再加上and。如:101a/onehundredandone3、用基數(shù)詞來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞時(shí),?定別忘了它的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：十八個(gè)男孩eighteenboys4、用基數(shù)詞修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),如是復(fù)數(shù),變它的量詞為復(fù)數(shù)。如:兩碗米飯twobowlsofrice5、序數(shù)詞一般加‘'th",特殊的有:first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth及二十及二十以外的整十:twentieth,thirtieth,fortieth…"第兒十兒":前面整十不變,后面“幾"改為序數(shù)詞。如：88eighty-eighth練ー練:1、請(qǐng)翻譯下列短語(yǔ)。(1)60名學(xué)生(3)九杯涼(1)60名學(xué)生(3)九杯涼水(5)12月31(7)第九周(9)11+7(4)4個(gè)孩子(6)6月2日(8)40年前(10)上學(xué)第一天2、把下列基數(shù)詞改成序數(shù)詞。one一two--- three---one一two--- three---nine---fourteen--- twenty--- thirty-five--- eighty-one四、代詞代詞有兩種：人稱代詞和物主代詞。1、人稱代詞分為：第一、第二、第三人稱,且有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。2、人稱代詞的主格在句中做主語(yǔ),一般用在動(dòng)詞前(疑問(wèn)句除外);賓格在句中做賓語(yǔ),多用于動(dòng)詞、介詞后。3、形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的作用，后面一定要跟名詞,表示該名詞是屬于誰(shuí)的。4、名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。如:Thisismybag.=Thisismine.Thatisherruler.=Thatishers.一般看后面有沒(méi)有名詞,如有,就用形容詞性物主代詞;如無(wú),就用名詞性物主代詞。請(qǐng)牢記下表：?jiǎn)螖?shù)復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey賓格meyouhimheritusyouthem物主代詞形容詞性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs練一練:1、按要求寫出相應(yīng)人稱代詞。I（賓格） she（形容詞性物主代詞） we（名詞性物主代詞）he（復(fù)數(shù)）us（單數(shù)） theirs（主格）its（賓格）2、想一想,把下表補(bǔ)充完整。人稱代詞物主代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性名詞性形容詞性名詞性第一人稱meUSour第二人稱youyou第三人稱hethemhistheirheritits3、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Thatisnotkite.Thatkiteisverysmall,butisverybig.(I))Thedressis.Giveitto.(she)Isthiswatch?(you)No,it'snot.(I)ismyisJack.Look!Thosestampsare.(he)dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare?(you)Showyourkite,OK?(they))IhaveabeautifulisMimi,rhesecakesare.(it)Arethesetickets?No,arenot.aren'there.(they))Shallhavealookatthatclassroom?Thatisclassroom.(we)ismyaunt.Doyouknowjob?isanurse.(she)Whereare?Ican'tfind.Let'scallparents.(they)Don'ttouch.isnotacat,isatiger!(it)sisterisill.Pleasegoandsee.(she)Thegirlbehindisourfriend.(she)五、形容詞、副詞1、形容詞表示某ー事物或人的特征,副詞表示某ー動(dòng)作的特征。形容詞和副詞有三種形式:原形、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)。比較級(jí):+er最高級(jí):the...+est兩個(gè)重要特征:as……as中間一定用原形,than的前面一定要+er。2、形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)的規(guī)則變化如下:一般直接+er。：tall-taller,fast-faster單音節(jié)詞如果以-e結(jié)尾,只加?r。如:late-later（2）重讀閉音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母,須雙寫這個(gè)字母,再加?er。如:big-bigger,fat-fatter(3)以輔音字母加?y結(jié)尾的詞,變y為i,再加e?。如:heavy-heavier,early-earlier(4)雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞的比較級(jí)應(yīng)在原級(jí)前加more構(gòu)成。如:beautiful-morebeautiful,careful-morecareful,quietly-morequietly,interesting-moreinteresting(5)有些不規(guī)則變化的,須逐一加以記憶。如:good/well-better,bad/ill-worse,many/much—more,far-farther/fiirther,old—older/elder...練ー練:1、寫出下列形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)。biggoodlongtalloldshortthinheavyyoungfatlightstronghighfarlowearlylatewellfastslow2、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Icanswimas(fast)asthefish,Ithink.Look!Hishandsare(big)thanmine.Ithinkyoudothesethings(well)thanyourclassmates.Whosebagis(heavy),yoursormine?DoesJimrunas(slow)asDavid?Yes,butMikeruns(slow)thanthem.Youhavesevenbooks,butIhave(many)thanyou.Ihaveten.Ijump(far)thansomeoftheboysinmyclass.Fmvery(thin),butshe's(thin)thanme.Itgetsand(warm)whenspringcomeshere.六、介詞1、ー種虛詞。不能單獨(dú)作句子成分,它只有跟它后面的賓語(yǔ)ー起構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ),才能在句子中起作用。有:in,on,under,with,behind,about,near,before,after,for,to,up,down,from,infrontof,outof,from...to...,atthebackof...2、表示時(shí)間的介詞有:at,on,in〇(1)at表示“在某ー個(gè)具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)上”,或用在固定詞組中。如:atteno'clock,at9:30a.m.,atnight,attheweekend...(2)on表示“在某日或某日的時(shí)間段''。如:

onFriday,onthefirstofOctober,onMondaymorning...(3)in表示“在某一段時(shí)間(月份、季節(jié))里’‘。如:intheafternoon,inSeptember,insummer,in2005...3、inー詞還有其他的固定搭配,如:inblue（穿著藍(lán)色的衣服），inEnglish（用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)）,takepartin（參加）。練ー練:1、選用括號(hào)內(nèi)恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。Whafsthis(at,on,in)English?Christmasis(at,on,in)the25thofDecember.Theman(with,on,in)blackisSuHai'sfather.Hedoesn'tdowell(at,on,in)PE.Lookatthosebirds(on,in)thetree.Wearegoingtomeet(at,on,in)thebusstop(at,on,in)halfpastten.Isthereacat(under,behind,in)thedoor?Helen'swritingpaperis(in,infrontof)hercomputer.Welive(at,on,in)anewhousenow.Doesitoftenrain(at,on,in)springthere?2、2、圈出下列句子中運(yùn)用不恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~,1)JimisgoodinEnglishandMaths.3)Theyarctalkingtotheirplans.May?5)Women'sDayisatthethirdofMarch.7)Didyouwatertreesatthefarm?2)Thefilmswereinthegroundjustnow.4)Howmanystudentshavetheirbirthdayson6)Icanjogtoschoolonthemorning.CanyoucomeandhelpmeonmyEnglish?IusuallytakephotosinSundaymorning.10)WhatdidyoudoontheSpringFestival?七、動(dòng)詞這里所說(shuō)的動(dòng)詞是指各種動(dòng)詞總稱,其中包括be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、行為動(dòng)詞（就是我們平時(shí)總說(shuō)的那種動(dòng)詞）。動(dòng)詞、名詞和形容詞不太容易區(qū)分,如不能一眼看出,可用如下方法:先用“一（量詞）"（如:ー個(gè)、ー張等）和這個(gè)詞連起來(lái)說(shuō)，如說(shuō)得通，一般認(rèn)為是名詞;說(shuō)不通再用"很’’去判斷，就是把“很’’和為個(gè)詞連起來(lái)說(shuō),說(shuō)得通一般就是形容詞;都說(shuō)不通就是動(dòng)詞。（目前我們學(xué)過(guò)的，以后可能不同）（另外一些很明顯的,如人稱代詞、數(shù)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等ー下就可以知道）1、be動(dòng)詞(am,is,are,was,were)1)am—was,is-was,are—were口訣:我用am,你用arc,is用在他她它,所有復(fù)數(shù)全用are〇

2)肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.Heis(not)ateacher.Sheis(not)inthediningroom.Myhairis(not)long.Hereyesare(not)small.3)"■?般疑I句句AmIaChinese?Yes,youare.No,youaren't.AretheyAmerican?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren't.Isthecatfat?Yes,itis.No,itisn't.4)be動(dòng)詞的否定形式:amnot(沒(méi)有縮寫形式)，arenot=aren't，isnot=isn,t〇用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動(dòng)詞填空。練ー練:1、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1)1aboy.youaboy?No,I3)Thedogtallandfat.teacher.5)yourbrotherintheclassroom?7)MikeandLiuTaoatschool.9)Whosesocksthey?Thejeansonthedesk.Hereascarfforyou.14)TheblackglovesforSuYang.Ling.16)Thetwocupsofmilkforme.18)Gaoshan*sshirtoverthere.20)DavidandHelenfromEngland?22丿rheresomeapplesonthetree,bottle?not.2)ThegirlJack*ssister.4)Themanwithbigeyesa6)Howyourfather?8)Whosedressthis?10)WhoI?13)Heresomesweatersforyou.15)ThispairofglovesforYang17)Someteaintheglass.19)MysistefsnameNancy.21)Thereagirlintheroom.23)thereanyapplejuiceinthe24)Theresomebreadontheplate. 25)You,heandIfromChina.26)Thereaboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.2、助動(dòng)詞(do,does,did)do,does用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),其過(guò)去式did用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)。它們通常用在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中。它們的否定形式:donot=don't,doesnot=doesn't,didnot=didn'to注意:在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中,does用于第三人稱單數(shù),其余一律用助動(dòng)詞do;助動(dòng)詞do,does,did后面一定要用動(dòng)詞原形。練1、用適當(dāng)?shù)闹鷦?dòng)詞填空。1)youlikethismagazine?Thegirllikebreadforbreakfast.?一Whatsheattheweekends?-Sheusuallyplaysgameswithherfriends.4)???WhayoudolastSunday?Iwrotetomyfriend.5)-??DidyouseeaBeijingopera?——No,I.HenotvisitafarmlastNationalDayholiday.Theynotlikeplayingvolleyball.8)---JimhaveapicnicwithhisfamilyeverySaturday?---Yes,heHelenandYangLinggotoschoolonfooteveryday??一Howmanykiteswehave??一Wehaveten.2、找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤,將序號(hào)填入題前括號(hào)內(nèi),并改正。( )1) DidyouhadabiglunchwithyourfamilylastSpringFestival?TOC\o"1-5"\h\zAB C( )2) ???Whatdotheboyhaveinhispencil-box?——Hehasarubber.AB C( )3) Theydoesn'tlikethefilm.ABC( )4) DoJimgetupatsixeveryday?AB C( )5)Don'tgivingtheballtoLiuTao.AB C3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也是ー類特殊的動(dòng)詞,平時(shí)我們不把它說(shuō)成是動(dòng)詞。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以和行為動(dòng)詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)句子中。我們現(xiàn)在學(xué)過(guò)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有:can^could、shalRshould、wilkwould、may>mightヽmust〇注意:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后動(dòng)詞總是用原形。(不受其他任何條件影響)其否定形式:cannot=can't,mustnot=mustn't,...注意:maynot和shallnot(無(wú)縮寫形式)練一練：選擇填空。( )1)Thesignonthewallmeansyoustayawayfromthebuilding.A.mustB.can'tC.shouldn't( )2)Howmanybooksyouseeonthedesk?A.mayB.canC.should( )3)Itmeansyoumakenoiseinthelibrary.A.shouldB..shouldn'tC.can( )4)?一 youlikeaglassofmilk??一Yes,please.A.MayB.CouldC.Would( )5)一youseethesignoverthere?iSorry,Ican't.A.CanB.Can'tC.Should( )6)wegototheparkbybus?A.MayB.MustC.Shall4、行為動(dòng)詞就是我們平時(shí)上課時(shí)說(shuō)的動(dòng)詞,表示某ー動(dòng)作或行為。如：sweep、live等。行為動(dòng)詞我們已學(xué)過(guò)它們的四種形式：原形、第三人稱單數(shù)+s/es、現(xiàn)在分詞(也叫動(dòng)名詞)+ing、過(guò)去式+ed。(1)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則：A、一般直接加"s",如:play-plays,visit-visits,speak-speaks；B、以"s","x","sh”,"ch"結(jié)尾時(shí),加“es”,如:catch-catches,watch-watches；C>以“輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾時(shí),變“y"為"i"再加“es",如:carry-carries,study-studies〇(2)現(xiàn)在分詞(動(dòng)名詞)構(gòu)成規(guī)則:A、一般直接加“ing”,如:go-going,do-doing,look-looking；B、以不發(fā)音的"e"結(jié)尾的單詞,去“e”加“ing”,如:take-taking,make-making,have-

having；C、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞,如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母,需要雙寫這個(gè)字母再加“ing”,如:put-putting,stop-stopping,run-running,get-getting,swim-swimming,sit一sitting,begin-beginning,jog-jogging,forget-forgetting。(3)過(guò)去式構(gòu)成規(guī)則:A、一般直接加“ed”,如:plant-planted,visit-visited,pick-picked；B、以不發(fā)音字母字”結(jié)尾,直接加“ed”,如:like-liked,hope—hoped,taste-tasted；C、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾時(shí),變“y”為“i”再加“ed”,如：try-tried,carry-carried,study-studied；D、有些動(dòng)詞要雙寫最后一個(gè)字母,再加“ed”,如:stop-stopped；E、還有很多動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式是不規(guī)則的,請(qǐng)記憶:是?am(be)是?am(be)?was?being；力戈為"become-became-becoming；吹-blow?blew?blowing；是?are(be)-were-being；開(kāi)始?begin?began?beginning；買?buy?bought-buying；是?be?was,were-being；彎llll-bend-bent-bending；能一can-could ；來(lái)?come-came-coming；捕捉-catch-caught-catching; 選擇?choose-chose-choosing；切-cut-cut-cutting;做do,does-did-doing；ifflj-draw-drew-drawing;飲-drink-drank-drinking；吃-eat-ate-eating;感覺(jué)-ffeel-ffelt-ffeeling;發(fā)現(xiàn)-find-found-finding；K-fly-flew-flying;忘來(lái)?come-came-coming；得至リ-get-got-getting;給?give-gave-giving;走-go-went-going;成長(zhǎng)?grow?grew?growing；有?have,has-had-having;聽(tīng)?hear-heard-hearing;受傷?hurt-hurt-hurting;保持-keep-kept-keeping；知道-know-knew-knowing;學(xué)習(xí)-leam-leamed,leamt-leaming:允許，讓-let-let-letting;躺-lie-lay-lying；制造?make-made-making;可以"may-might----;尼、味?mean-meant-meaning;會(huì)見(jiàn)-meet-met-meeting；必須-must-must----;放置-put-put-putting;讀-read-read-reading;騎、乘-ride-rode-riding；響、鳴-ring-rang-ringing;跑-run-ran-running;說(shuō)?say-said-saying;看見(jiàn)-see-saw-seeing;將-shall-should----;唱歌?sing-sang-singing;坐下?sit-sat-sitting;睡覺(jué)-sleep-slept-sleeping;說(shuō)-speak-spoke-speaking；度過(guò)-spend-spent-spending〇練ー練:1、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)。drinkgostaymakelookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudybrushdoteachtakesee2、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。putgivefly getdancesitrunplant take haveswimask thinkstop wanttakesmokewritetell3、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。is\am fly plantaredrink—play gomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawputthrowkickpass do 4、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(1)1toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.Mybrotheroftentoschoolwithme.Yesterdaywetoschooltogether.Weliketoschoolverymuch.(go)Theyusuallylunchathome.Butlastweek,theylunchatschool.(have)ThatmyEnglishbook.Itnew.Butnowitnothere.Itthereamomentago.(be)Mysisterlikesverymuch.Sheoftenatourschoolfestival.Lastterm,she alotofsongsintheschoolhall.Shebeautifully.(sing)WhatheusuallyonSunday?Heusuallyhishomework.Look!Hehishomeworknow.hehishomeworklastSunday?Yes,he.(do)DopeopleusuallymooncakesatMid-autumnFestival?Yes,theydo.DidyoumooncakeslastMid-autumnFestival?Yes,Idid.Ialotofdeliciousmooncakes.(eat)ハ、there/herebe結(jié)構(gòu)1、therebe結(jié)構(gòu)表示“某時(shí)、某地存在著什么事物或人'包括thereis、thereare、therewas、therewere〇herebe結(jié)構(gòu)與它類似,用法也完全相同,只不過(guò)是表示“這里存在著什么事物或人’2、和have、has、had的區(qū)別:(1)Therebe句型表示:在某地有某物(或人);而have、has>had表示:某人擁有某物。(2)在therebe句型中,主語(yǔ)是單數(shù),be動(dòng)詞用is;主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù),be動(dòng)詞用are:如有幾件物品,be動(dòng)詞根據(jù)最近be動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定——“就近原則therebe句型的否定句在be動(dòng)詞后加not,一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。therebe句型與have(has)的區(qū)別:therebe表示在某地有某物(或人)；have(has)表示某人擁有某物。some和any在therebe句型中的運(yùn)用:some用于肯定句,any用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。and和or在therebe句型中的運(yùn)用:and用于肯定句,or用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。(7)針對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:Howmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+arethere+介詞短語(yǔ)?Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+isthere+介詞短語(yǔ)?(8)針對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:What's+介詞短語(yǔ)?Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)?般用在句子的開(kāi)頭,而have等詞只能用于某ー個(gè)主語(yǔ)后面。練ー練:1、用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動(dòng)詞填空。Therefourseasonsinayear.Therenotanytreestwoyearsago.3)—?thereapostofficenearyourschool?――Yes,there.-Howmanystopsthere?—?There onlyone.Therenotanystampsontheenvelope.thereanybirdsinthetree?Thereashoppingcentrenearourschoollastyear.Butnowtherenoone.Thereonlythreeofus:mydad,mymumandme.Heresomebreadforyou.InNewYork,therealotofraininspring.2、選用“have,has,had,thereis,thereare,therewas,therewere”填空。1)Iagoodfatherandagoodmother.2)atelescopeonthedesk.3)Heatape-recorder. 4)abasketballintheplayground.Theyanicegarden.Myfatherastory-booklastyear.areading-roominthebuilding?WhatdoesMike?anybooksinthebookcase?Howmanystudentsintheclassroom?astory-bookonthetableamomentago.Whatdoyou?Myparentssomenicepictures.somemapsonthewall.amapoftheworldonthewall.David'sfriendssometents.manychildrenonthehill.九、some>any的用法some用于肯定句;any用于否定句和一?般疑問(wèn)句。請(qǐng)注意看例句后擴(kuò)號(hào)中說(shuō)明的用法。例:Thereissomewaterintheglass.(肯定句)

Therearesomeflowersinthegarden.(肯定句)Therearen'tanylampsinthestudy.(否定句)Arethereanym叩sonthewall?(一般疑問(wèn)句)Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice?(希望得到肯定回答)Doyouwanttotakeanyphotosattheparty?(~?般疑問(wèn)句)練一練:選用some或any填空。1)Thereisn't1)Thereisn'tmilkinthefridge.seebuses.3)HehasfriendsinEngland.5)Herearepresentsforyou.7)Istherericeinthekitchen?2)Icanseecars,butIcan't4)Weretherefruittreesonthefarm?6)DoesTomwanttotakephotos?8)Therearenewbuildingsinourschool.9)--Wouldyoulikecakes??一No,I'dnotlikecakes,butI'dlikecoffee.10)?一Aretherepicturesonthewall??一No,therearen't pictures.十、動(dòng)詞不定式I、to加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成一種非謂語(yǔ)形式,在這里不是介詞,無(wú)詞義。如:IwanttomakeaNewYearcard, 我想制作一張新年賀卡。Wouldyouliketohaveapicnicwithus? 你愿意和我們ー起去野餐嗎?2、to保留原來(lái)動(dòng)詞的ー些特征,它可以帶自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等。如:Togettherefaster,youcantakebusNo.5. 想快一點(diǎn)到那兒，你可以坐5路車。3>to前有時(shí)帶疑問(wèn)詞what,when,where,which,why,how等。如:He'saskingYangLinghowtogetthere. 他正在問(wèn)楊玲怎樣到達(dá)那里?？偠灾?一定要記住:to后面用動(dòng)詞原形。練一練:I、用擴(kuò)號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1)Peoplewouldlike(go)tofarmsinthecountryside.2)It'stime(have)lunch3)Iwant(buy)somepresentsformyfriends. 4)Thethiefbegan- (run).5)Pleaseshouwmehow(go)totheshoppingcentre.6)Wouldyoulike-(join)us?7)Don'tforget(write)“HappyNewYear". 8)Shewasveryglad-(see)them.Pleaseremember(close)thewindowsbeforeyougohome.Tmsorry(hear)that.2、圈出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤,并改正。2)Helen,showuxhowdrawinga4)It'stimeforusgoto2)Helen,showuxhowdrawinga4)It'stimeforusgotosquare.3)Iwanttowritesalettertomypenfriend.school.5)LiuTaowantstoshowingPeter'sphotostohismum.-lー、動(dòng)名詞其實(shí)就是動(dòng)詞的“現(xiàn)在分詞它既有“名詞性質(zhì)”(可作主語(yǔ)),又具有動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)(可帶賓語(yǔ))。如:Pleasekeepquietinthereadingroom.還有我們的ー些課題:Askingtheway中是“名詞性質(zhì)”；Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.中是“動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)”,帶了賓語(yǔ)stamps.1、remember(記住)后面跟動(dòng)名詞,表示"記得做過(guò)某事'跟to+動(dòng)詞原形,表示"記得要去做某事"。如:Irememberpostingthelettertoday. 我記得今天把信寄走了。Pleaseremembertopostthelettertoday. 請(qǐng)記住今天要把信寄走。2、forget(忘記)后面跟動(dòng)名詞,表示"忘記做過(guò)某事(實(shí)際做過(guò))'';跟to+動(dòng)詞原形,表示“忘記去做某事(實(shí)際沒(méi)做)"。如:Iforgetdoinghomeworkthismorning. 我忘記今天早上做過(guò)作業(yè)了。Iforgettodohomeworkthismorning. 我忘記今天早上做作業(yè)了。3、stop(停止)后面跟動(dòng)名詞,表示"停止做某事'':跟to+動(dòng)詞原形,表示"停止正在做的事,而去做別的事”。如：Stopsmoking,please. 請(qǐng)不要吸煙。Wearetired.Let'sstoptohavearest.我們累了,讓我們停下來(lái)休息一下。4>like(喜歡)后面跟動(dòng)名詞,表示一個(gè)人的愛(ài)好和習(xí)慣,意思是"喜歡干某事,';跟to+動(dòng)詞原形,常用于wouldliketodosomething,表示"某人想要、愿意干某事”。如:Iliketakingawalkaftersuppereveryday,我喜歡每天晚飯后去散步。Iwouldliketohavesomechips, 我想要吃些薯?xiàng)l。練ー練:1、用擴(kuò)號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(swim)isnotasfastasrunning.It'ssunnytoday.Let'sgo(fish).Doyoulike(read)Englishinthemorning?Areyougoodat(dance)?Whereisthe(shop)centre?Wouldyouliketogo(jog)withme?Myhobbyis(play)football.SuHailikes(watch)cartoonsonSundays.2、選擇擴(kuò)號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。I'msorry(hearing,tohear)that.Jimisgoodat(swimming,toswim).Shallwego(skating,toskate)?Today,myworkis(looking,tolook)afterthebaby.I'mgoing(flying,tofly)akiteintheplayground.Ilike(playing,toplay)basketballafterschool.Wouldyoulike(going,togo)totheGreatWall?

JimisaskingLiuTaohow(getting,toget)totheHistoryMuseum.十二、時(shí)間和日期的表達(dá)1、有兩種時(shí)間表達(dá)法:A)直接讀寫數(shù)詞。如:9:15ninefifteen10:30tenthirty11:45elevenforty-five7:05seven〇five2:25twotwenty-five5:55fivefifty-fiveB)借助past和to來(lái)表達(dá)。past一般用于30分鐘以內(nèi)(含30分鐘)的時(shí)間表達(dá);to?般用于超過(guò)30分鐘的時(shí)間表達(dá)。一刻鐘可以用aquarter表示,半小時(shí)可以用half表示。如:9:15aquarterpastnine10:30halfpastten11:45aquartertotwelve7:05fivepastseven2:25twenty-fivep