考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東化工職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東化工職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

TheChinese,whobegansystematicastronomicalandweatherobservationshortlyaftertheancientEgyptians,wereassiduousrecord-keepersandbecauseofthiscanclaimhumanity'slongestcontinuous（

）ofnaturalevents.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.defiance

B.documentation

C.maintenance

D.domination

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)的defiance“挑戰(zhàn)，挑釁，蔑視”；B選項(xiàng)的documentation“文件”；C選項(xiàng)的maintenance“維持，維修，保養(yǎng)”；D選項(xiàng)的domination“支配，統(tǒng)治”。根據(jù)句意‘中國(guó)人繼古埃及人之后旋即展開(kāi)了有系統(tǒng)的天文與氣候觀察，可謂是勤勉不輟的文獻(xiàn)記錄者，基于這一原因，中國(guó)人可聲稱擁有人類(lèi)歷史上對(duì)自然事件最漫長(zhǎng)悠久、持之以恒的文獻(xiàn)記載’確定B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Afterleavingcollege,theyoungman____onanewbusinesscareer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.induced

B.facilitated

C.ignited

D.embarked

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.induced引誘B.facilitated促進(jìn)

C.ignited點(diǎn)燃；激起D.embarked開(kāi)始（新的或艱難的事情）

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】介詞搭配與語(yǔ)義銜接

【解題思路】空格處所填動(dòng)詞搭配介詞on使用，空格處前后語(yǔ)義為“離開(kāi)大學(xué)后，這個(gè)年輕人____了新的商業(yè)生涯”。D選項(xiàng)embarked“開(kāi)始（新的或艱難的事情）”符合原句介詞搭配與語(yǔ)義銜接，embarkon“開(kāi)始（新的或艱難的事情）”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)不與介詞on搭配使用，且不符合原句語(yǔ)義銜接。

【句意】離開(kāi)大學(xué)后，這個(gè)年輕人開(kāi)始了新的商業(yè)生涯。

3.單選題

（

）theenormousflowoffoodfromtheentireglobe,thesecountrieshaveformanyyearsnotfeltanypopulationpressure.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thanksto

B.Bymeansof

C.Inlinewith

D.Withregardto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)thanksto表示“多虧；幸虧”；B項(xiàng)bymeansof表示“憑借，通過(guò)”；C項(xiàng)inlinewith表示“與……一致”；D項(xiàng)withregardto表示“關(guān)于，至于”。句意：多虧了全球食物的大流動(dòng)，這些國(guó)家已經(jīng)很多年沒(méi)有感受過(guò)任何人口的壓力。故本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

4.單選題

Theengineershaveusedspecialmethodsto（

）thebridgeagainstdangerfromhighwinds.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.suppress

B.lubricate

C.heave

D.ensure

【答案】D

【解析】Suppress抑制,鎮(zhèn)壓；lubricate潤(rùn)滑；heave舉起,投擲；ensure確保。句意:工程師們使用特殊的方法來(lái)確保這座橋不受狂風(fēng)的危害。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

5.單選題

Aheadlinethatisgraphicallysalientinsomewayhasagreaterchanceofcapturingoureye.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attractive

B.bright

C.special

D.entertaining

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。salient在句中是“突出的，顯著的”，A選項(xiàng)attractive“具有吸引力的”；B選項(xiàng)bright“鮮明的，愉快的”；C選項(xiàng)special“特別的，突出的”；D選項(xiàng)entertaining“令人愉快的”。句意：一個(gè)標(biāo)題，在一定程度上突出形象，便更加能吸引我們的眼球。根據(jù)句意C項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

MollyBrownwaslabeled“unsinkable”aftershehelpedtoevacuatepassengersfromtheill-fatedshiptheTitanic.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anticipate

B.comfort

C.remove

D.shelter

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)anticipate“預(yù)料，預(yù)期，預(yù)見(jiàn)”，B項(xiàng)comfort“安慰，使（痛苦等）緩和”，C項(xiàng)remove“移開(kāi)，拿開(kāi)，轉(zhuǎn)移”，D項(xiàng)shelter“保護(hù)，使掩蔽”。句意：莫莉布朗在幫助疏散泰坦尼克號(hào)上的乘客后被貼上了“永不沉沒(méi)”的標(biāo)簽。根據(jù)句意可知，evacuate在句中表示“疏散”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中意思與之相近的是C項(xiàng)。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

7.單選題

Listeningisasimportantastalking.Ifyouareagoodlistener,peopleoften____youforbeingagoodconversationist.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.complement

B.compliment

C.compel

D.complain

【答案】B

【解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義與形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)complement“補(bǔ)足，補(bǔ)助”；B選項(xiàng)compliment“恭維；稱贊”；C選項(xiàng)compel“強(qiáng)迫，迫使”；D選項(xiàng)complain“抱怨；控訴”。句意：聽(tīng)和說(shuō)同樣重要。如果你善于聆聽(tīng)，人們通常也會(huì)____你善于交談。根據(jù)第一句“聽(tīng)和說(shuō)同樣重要”推斷，會(huì)聽(tīng)的人也會(huì)說(shuō)，B選項(xiàng)compliment“恭維；稱贊”最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

8.單選題

ThePsychologyofWarrantiesProtectionRacket

Ifextendedguaranteesareoverpriced,whyaretheysopopular?

CUSTOMERStendtoagoniseovertherelativemeritsofdifferentmodelsofelectronicgoodssuchasdigitalcamerasorplasmatelevisions.Butwhentheygettothetill,manyspendfreelyonsomethingtheybarelythinkaboutatall:anextendedwarranty,whichisoftenmoreprofitabletotheretailerthanthedeviceitcovers.

Shopperstypicallypay10%-50%ofthecostofaproducttoinsureitbeyondthetermcoveredbythemanufacturer’sguarantee.（1）Yetproductsrarelybreakwithintheperiodcovered,andrepairstendtocostnomorethanthewarrantyitself.（2）

Sowhy,asksapaperpublishedintheDecemberissueoftheJournalofConsumerResearch,somanyconsumersstillbuyextendedwarranties?Theauthors—TaoChenoftheUniversityofMaryland,AjayKalraofRiceUniversityandBaohongSunofCarnegieMellonUniversity—examinedpurchasedatafromabigelectronicsretailerforover600householdsfromNovember2003toOctober2004.

（3

）Ifacustomerisabouttobuysomethingfun(i.e.,aplasmatelevisionratherthanavacuumcleaner),hewillbemoreinclinedtosplashoutonextrainsurance.Thisisbecauseconsumersvalue“hedonic”itemsoverutilitarianones,regardlessoftheactualpricetag.（4

）Thestudyalsofoundthatpoorerconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“potentiallyunnecessaryandoverpricedinsurance”,becausetheyaremoreworriedabouttheexpenseofreplacingaproductifitbreaks.

（5）Butalthoughmostpoliciesgounused,headmitsthattheemotionaltranquilitythatcomeswithbuyinganewwarrantyisnotinitselfwithoutvalue,evenif“rationally,itdoesn’tmakesense”.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheitemisonsale,asfindinganunexpectedbargainleavesbuyersfeelingflushandpleased.

B.Thetermsofthesedealsvary(andthereisoftenagreatdealoffineprint),buttheyusuallypromisetorepairorreplaceafaultydeviceforbetweenoneandfouryears.

C.Onlyinthepresentcenturyhasonespeciesmanacquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

D.Thisisbecauseconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“hedonic”items.

E.Theyconcludedthatthedecisiontobuyawarrantyhadagreatdealtodowithashopper’smood.

F.Thepopularityofwarrantiesshouldlogicallydependonthelikelihoodofaproduct’sfailure,saysMr.Kalra.

G.Thatmakeswarrantiesamazinglyprofitable:theygenerateover$16billionannuallyforAmericanretailers,accordingtoWarrantyWeek,atradejournal.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheitemisonsale,asfindinganunexpectedbargainleavesbuyersfeelingflushandpleased.

B.Thetermsofthesedealsvary(andthereisoftenagreatdealoffineprint),buttheyusuallypromisetorepairorreplaceafaultydeviceforbetweenoneandfouryears.

C.Onlyinthepresentcenturyhasonespeciesmanacquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

D.Thisisbecauseconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“hedonic”items.

E.Theyconcludedthatthedecisiontobuyawarrantyhadagreatdealtodowithashopper’smood.

F.Thepopularityofwarrantiesshouldlogicallydependonthelikelihoodofaproduct’sfailure,saysMr.Kalra.

G.Thatmakeswarrantiesamazinglyprofitable:theygenerateover$16billionannuallyforAmericanretailers,accordingtoWarrantyWeek,atradejournal.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheitemisonsale,asfindinganunexpectedbargainleavesbuyersfeelingflushandpleased.

B.Thetermsofthesedealsvary(andthereisoftenagreatdealoffineprint),buttheyusuallypromisetorepairorreplaceafaultydeviceforbetweenoneandfouryears.

C.Onlyinthepresentcenturyhasonespeciesmanacquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

D.Thisisbecauseconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“hedonic”items.

E.Theyconcludedthatthedecisiontobuyawarrantyhadagreatdealtodowithashopper’smood.

F.Thepopularityofwarrantiesshouldlogicallydependonthelikelihoodofaproduct’sfailure,saysMr.Kalra.

G.Thatmakeswarrantiesamazinglyprofitable:theygenerateover$16billionannuallyforAmericanretailers,accordingtoWarrantyWeek,atradejournal.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheitemisonsale,asfindinganunexpectedbargainleavesbuyersfeelingflushandpleased.

B.Thetermsofthesedealsvary(andthereisoftenagreatdealoffineprint),buttheyusuallypromisetorepairorreplaceafaultydeviceforbetweenoneandfouryears.

C.Onlyinthepresentcenturyhasonespeciesmanacquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

D.Thisisbecauseconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“hedonic”items.

E.Theyconcludedthatthedecisiontobuyawarrantyhadagreatdealtodowithashopper’smood.

F.Thepopularityofwarrantiesshouldlogicallydependonthelikelihoodofaproduct’sfailure,saysMr.Kalra.

G.Thatmakeswarrantiesamazinglyprofitable:theygenerateover$16billionannuallyforAmericanretailers,accordingtoWarrantyWeek,atradejournal.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheitemisonsale,asfindinganunexpectedbargainleavesbuyersfeelingflushandpleased.

B.Thetermsofthesedealsvary(andthereisoftenagreatdealoffineprint),buttheyusuallypromisetorepairorreplaceafaultydeviceforbetweenoneandfouryears.

C.Onlyinthepresentcenturyhasonespeciesmanacquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

D.Thisisbecauseconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“hedonic”items.

E.Theyconcludedthatthedecisiontobuyawarrantyhadagreatdealtodowithashopper’smood.

F.Thepopularityofwarrantiesshouldlogicallydependonthelikelihoodofaproduct’sfailure,saysMr.Kalra.

G.Thatmakeswarrantiesamazinglyprofitable:theygenerateover$16billionannuallyforAmericanretailers,accordingtoWarrantyWeek,atradejournal.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:G

第3題:E

第4題:A

第5題:F

【解析】1.根據(jù)上下文，空格前提到人們通常會(huì)支付一部分錢(qián)來(lái)延長(zhǎng)保險(xiǎn)期使其超過(guò)制造商的保修期，空格后提到維修費(fèi)用不會(huì)超過(guò)保證書(shū)承諾的額度，選項(xiàng)B中theterm和上文形成照應(yīng)，對(duì)上文提到的制造商擔(dān)保的保修期進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步解釋。句意：保險(xiǎn)協(xié)議的條款各不相同（通常有很多細(xì)則），但他們通常承諾在一到四年里可以修復(fù)或更換有故障的設(shè)備，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.根據(jù)上下文，空格處是第三段的最后一句，選項(xiàng)G是上文所描述的情況的結(jié)果，也就是保單之詐帶來(lái)的結(jié)果，使保單業(yè)務(wù)利潤(rùn)驚人，而且本句也有點(diǎn)題的作用。選項(xiàng)G符合題意。

3.

根據(jù)上下文，空格上一段的開(kāi)頭sowhy提出疑問(wèn)，為什么有如此多的人還要購(gòu)買(mǎi)保單呢？緊接著提到了一系列的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)，可推斷空格應(yīng)該是一個(gè)結(jié)果的呈現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)E中theyconcludedthat說(shuō)明是調(diào)查的結(jié)果，句意：他們總結(jié)道：購(gòu)買(mǎi)保修單的決定在很大程度上與購(gòu)物者的心情有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)E符合題意。

4.根據(jù)上下文，空格上一句提到，重視享樂(lè)的人們更傾向于在保險(xiǎn)上花錢(qián)，而不顧產(chǎn)品真實(shí)的價(jià)格標(biāo)簽。選項(xiàng)A中thisisespeciallytrue對(duì)這個(gè)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步的解釋，存在順承關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.根據(jù)空格后一句中headmits，可知空格中應(yīng)該會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)人物，選項(xiàng)F提到了Mr.Kalra這個(gè)人名，并且空格后but表明轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，將會(huì)提到和下文完全相反的情況，選項(xiàng)F提到保單受歡迎的程度從邏輯上說(shuō)應(yīng)該取決于產(chǎn)品出故障的可能性，空格后提到保單從理性上講并沒(méi)有意義。前后形成對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折。選項(xiàng)F符合題意。

9.單選題

Whentheyoungmandiedunexpectedly,ittookhealthexpertsseveralweeksofintensivelabworktoidentifytheculprit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.curl

B.curve

C.cause

D.curse

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。橫線單詞culprit意為“犯人，罪犯；元兇”；A選項(xiàng)“curl”意為“卷曲；卷發(fā)；螺旋狀物”；B選項(xiàng)“curve”意為“曲線；彎曲；曲線球；曲線圖表”；C選項(xiàng)“cause”意為“原因；事業(yè)；目標(biāo)”；D選項(xiàng)“curse”意為“詛咒；咒罵；禍根”。句意：當(dāng)這個(gè)年輕人意外死亡時(shí)，健康專家花了幾個(gè)星期進(jìn)行深入細(xì)致的實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作來(lái)確定罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。由題干可知，theyoungmandiedunexpectedly（這個(gè)年輕人意外死亡了）所以健康專家肯定是要確定導(dǎo)致他死亡的原因，或者說(shuō)元兇。由此可知，culprit在此處最可能是“元兇”的意思，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中curse具有“禍根”的意思，與此相近。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Theyagreedtoleavethehillandtoremovethe（）homesonSunday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.flowing

B.mobile

C.unstable

D.drifting

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。mobilehome“活動(dòng)房屋”。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

11.單選題

Wethink（

）possibleforthemtofulfilltheirtaskinafewweeks.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.it

B.that

C.what

D.this

【答案】A

【解析】考查形式賓語(yǔ)。本句真正的賓語(yǔ)為不定式引導(dǎo)的tofulfilltheirtaskinafewweeks，think表示“認(rèn)為，以為”是及物動(dòng)詞，常用于“think＋it（形式賓語(yǔ)）+形容詞或名詞（賓補(bǔ)）+不定式／動(dòng)名詞／從句（直接賓語(yǔ)）”結(jié)構(gòu)中，因此選A。句意：我們認(rèn)為他們有可能在幾周內(nèi)完成他們的任務(wù)。

12.單選題

Thisisthehouse______lastyearwhenIwasinthiscity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aboutthatIwrotetoyou

B.thatIwrotetoyou

C.aboutwhichIwrotetoyou

D.whichIwrotetoyou

【答案】C

【解析】考查后置定語(yǔ)從句。句子主干是thisisthehouse，橫線和lastyear部分是修飾house的定語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)短語(yǔ)writeaboutsth.得出about放在先行詞前，定語(yǔ)從句中，介詞后面用which不用that，所以C選項(xiàng)aboutwhichIwrotetoyou符合題意。句意：這就是我去年在這個(gè)城市時(shí)寫(xiě)信告訴你的那所房子。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Atthepressconference,thePrimeMinister______thegovernment’srefusaltocompromisewithterrorists.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rectified

B.remunerated

C.reeked

D.reiterated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)rectify“改正，精餾，整流”，B項(xiàng)remunerate“酬勞，給與報(bào)酬，賠償”，C項(xiàng)reek“散發(fā)臭味，帶有令人不快（或不滿）的內(nèi)容”，D項(xiàng)reiterate“重申，反復(fù)地做”。由thegovernment’srefusaltocompromisewithterrorists“政府拒絕向恐怖分子妥協(xié)”可知，“重申”符合語(yǔ)境。句意：首相在新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上重申了拒絕向恐怖分子妥協(xié)的立場(chǎng)。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Shelaterconfessedthatshedidn’treallyworkoutthesolutionbyworkinghardonit.Insteadshe（）itwhenshewasdoingsomethingelse.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fellbackon

B.stumbleupon

C.fellshortof

D.squeezeoutof

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組含義辨析。A選項(xiàng)fellbackon“依賴；依靠于……”；B選項(xiàng)stumbleupon“偶遇；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)”；C選項(xiàng)fellshortof“缺乏；達(dá)不到”；D選項(xiàng)squeezeoutof“榨出；擠出”。句意：她承認(rèn)她并不真的是因?yàn)榕λ伎级贸龅姆桨?，而是在做其他事情的時(shí)候……想到的。說(shuō)明她想出的方案是碰巧靈感來(lái)了才出現(xiàn)的。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Hisinabilitytolearnforeignlanguagewasan（

）tohiscareer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shortage

B.disturbance

C.occurrence

D.obstacle

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。shortage“短缺”；disturbance“打擾”；occurrence“發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)”；obstacle“障礙”。句意：他沒(méi)有學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的能力，這成為他職業(yè)生涯的一個(gè)障礙。根據(jù)上下文句意可知D項(xiàng)符合題意，答案D

16.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.WriteyourEnglishversiononAnswerSheet.(10%)

充分發(fā)揮個(gè)體、私營(yíng)等非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、擴(kuò)大就業(yè)和活躍市場(chǎng)等方面的重要作用。放寬國(guó)內(nèi)民間資本的市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入領(lǐng)域，在投融資、稅收、土地使用和對(duì)外貿(mào)易等方面采取措施，實(shí)現(xiàn)公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。依法加強(qiáng)監(jiān)督和管理，促進(jìn)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)健康發(fā)展，完善保護(hù)私人財(cái)產(chǎn)的法律制度。

【答案】Weshouldgivefullplaytotheimportantroleofthenon-publicsectorofeconomy,includingindividualandprivatesectors,inpromotingeconomygrowth,expandingemploymentandenliveningthemarket.Wewillrelaxmarketaccessfordomesticprivatecapitalandtakemeasuresininvestmentandfinancing,taxation,landuseandforeigntradetoleveltheplayingfield.Wewillstrengthensupervisionandmanagementinaccordancewiththelaw,promotethehealthydevelopmentofthenon-publicsectoroftheeconomy,andimprovethelegalsystemforprotectingprivateproperty.

17.單選題

Thesenator'sattempttoconvincethepublicthatsheisnotinterestedinrunningforasecondtermisfutile.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.laudable

B.sincere

C.authentic

D.useless

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：這位參議員試圖讓公眾相信她對(duì)競(jìng)選連任沒(méi)有興趣，但這只是徒勞。A選項(xiàng)laudable“值得贊賞的”；B選項(xiàng)sincere“真誠(chéng)的”；C選項(xiàng)authentic“真正的，真實(shí)的”；D選項(xiàng)useless“無(wú)用的，無(wú)效的”。futile意為“無(wú)用的，無(wú)效的”，選項(xiàng)D與之意思相近，代入符合語(yǔ)境。

18.單選題

Opportunitiesforrewardingworkbecomefewerforbothmenandwomenastheygrewolder.Afterage40,jobhuntingbecomesevenmoredifficult.Manyworkersstayatjobstheyaretoooldforratherthanfacepossiblerejection.Ouryouth-oriented,threw-awaycultureseeslittlevalueinolderpeople.InwriterLillianHellman'swords,theyhave"thewisdomthatcomeswithagethatwecan'tmakeuseof.”

Unemploymentandeconomicneedforworkishigheramongolderwomen,especiallyminorities,thanamongyoungerwhitewomen.Anationalcouncilreportsthesefindings.Thoughunemployedlongerwhenseekingwork,olderwomenjob-huntharder,holdajoblongerwithlessabsenteeism,performaswellorbetter,aremorereliable,andaremorewillinggolearnthanmenoryoungerwomen.Yetmanyolderwomenearnpoorpayandfaceafutureofpovertyintheirretirementyears.Whensexismmeetsageism,povertyisnolongeronthedoorstep-itmovesin,accordingtoTishSommers,directorofaspecialstudyonolderwomenfortheNationalOrganizationforWomen.Yeta1981reportontheWhiteHouseConferenceonAgingshowsthatasagroup,olderAmericansarethe"wealthiest,bestfed,besthoused,healthiest,mostself-reliantolderpopulationinourhistory."Thisstatementissmallcomforttothoselivingbelowthepovertyline,butitdoesexplodesomeoftheoldtraditionalbeliefsandfears.

Opportunitiesformovinginandupinalargecompanymayshrinkbutmanyolderpeoplebeginsuccessfulsmallbusinesses,volunteerinsatisfyingactivities,andstayactiveformanyyears.Theyhavefewrolemodelsbecauseinpreviousgenerationsthelifespanwasmuchshorterandexpectationsoflifewerefewer.Theyareploughingnewground.

Employersarebeginningtorecognizethatthematurepersoncanbringagreatofstabilityandresponsibilitytoaposition.Onedoesn'tloseabilityandexperienceontheeveofone's65thor70thbirthdayanymorethanonegrowsupinstantlyatage21.

1.Aftertheageof40,（

）.

2.FromHellman'sremark,wecanseethat（

）.

3.TishSommersarguesthat

（

）.

4.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,itcanbeseenthatolderAmericans

（

）.

5.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatthewriter（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mostworkersaretiredoftheirpresentjobs

B.manyworkerstendtosticktotheirpresentjobs

C.peoplefindtheirjobsmorerewardingthanbefore

D.peoplestillwishtohuntfoxmoresuitablejobs

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.fullusehasbeenmadeofthewisdomofolderpeople

B.thewisdomofolderpeopleisnotvaluedbyAmericansociety

C.olderpeoplearenolessintelligentthanyoungpeople

D.thewisdomofolderpeopleisofgreatvaluetoAmericansociety

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.olderwomenusuallyhardtoescapepoverty

B.olderwomenusuallyperformbetterintheirjobs

C.themajorcauseofthepovertyofolderwomenissexism

D.morepeoplehavecometobelieveinsexismandageism

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.havemorejobopportunitiesthanyoungpeople

B.livebelowthepovertyline

C.havenewopportunitiestoremainactiveinsociety

D.nolongerbelieveinthepromiseofahappylifeuponretirement

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.callsattentiontothelivingconditionsofolderAmericans

B.believesthatthevalueofolderpeopleisgainingincreasingrecognition

C.attemptstojustifytheyouth—oriented,throw-awaycultureoftheUnitedStates

D.arguespeopleshouldnotretireattheageof65or70

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的二三句“Afterage40,jobhuntingbecomesevenmoredifficult.Manyworkersstayatjobstheyaretoooldforratherthanfacepossiblerejection.”40歲以后，找工作變得更加困難。許多人寧愿待在因?yàn)樽约耗昙o(jì)太大而無(wú)法勝任的工作崗位上，也不愿面對(duì)可能的拒絕。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Hellman”定位到第一段最后一句，用作家LillianHellman的話來(lái)說(shuō)，他們擁有“我們無(wú)法利用的隨著年齡增長(zhǎng)而來(lái)的智慧”。再根據(jù)選項(xiàng)來(lái)推斷，選項(xiàng)A中的“fulluse”明顯錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)B“年長(zhǎng)者的智慧沒(méi)有被美國(guó)社會(huì)所重視”，符合原文；選項(xiàng)C和D在文中沒(méi)有提及。所以本題選B。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段，然而，許多老年婦女收入微薄，在退休后面臨貧困的未來(lái)。據(jù)英國(guó)國(guó)家婦女組織一項(xiàng)針對(duì)老年婦女的特別研究的負(fù)責(zé)人TishSommers說(shuō)，當(dāng)性別歧視與年齡歧視發(fā)生沖突時(shí)，貧困就不再近在咫尺——它正在向貧困逼近。也就是說(shuō)，年長(zhǎng)的女性通常很難擺脫貧困，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Opportunitiesformovinginandupinalargecompanymayshrinkbutmanyolderpeoplebeginsuccessfulsmallbusinesses,volunteerinsatisfyingactivities,andstayactiveformanyyears.”盡管進(jìn)入大公司并晉升的機(jī)會(huì)可能會(huì)減少，但許多老年人開(kāi)始成功的小生意，自愿參加令人滿意的活動(dòng)，并在多年來(lái)都保持著活躍。由此可知，老年人有新的機(jī)會(huì)在社會(huì)上保持活躍，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，作者主要表達(dá)的思想是美國(guó)社會(huì)忽略了年長(zhǎng)者的智慧，再根據(jù)最后一段末句“Onedoesn'tloseabilityandexperienceontheeveofone's65thor70thbirthdayanymorethanonegrowsupinstantlyatage21.”一個(gè)人在65歲或70歲生日前夕不會(huì)喪失能力和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，正如一個(gè)人在21歲時(shí)不會(huì)立即長(zhǎng)大一樣。也就是說(shuō)，作者相信老年人的價(jià)值正在獲得越來(lái)越多的認(rèn)可。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

19.單選題

ForalargenumberofyoungadultsinBritainhomeownershiphasbecomeincreasinglydifficulttoachieve,viewedasadistantgoalattainableonlylaterinlife,ifatall.

ThatisasignificantshiftinBritain.ForyearsownersoccupyahigherpercentageofhomesinBritainthanintheUnitedStates,France,orGermany.OnereasonhomeownershipissoattractiveinBritainisbecausepropertyvaluesdroppedlessdrasticallythanintheUnitedStates,inpartbecauseofashortageinhousing.Pricesinsomelargecities,includingLondon,haveevenincreasedrecently.Peoplestillperceiveahometobeabetterandsaferinvestmentthanapensionfund,saidAndrewHull,researchfellowattheInstituteforPublicPolicyResearch.“Homeownershipisalsoculturallyentrenched,”hesaid.“Owningahomeisthemainwayofshowingyoumadeit.”

Thebigshifttowardhomeownershipcameinthe1980swhenMrs.Thatcherissuedright-to-buypolicy,whichallowedmanyinrentedgovernmenthousingtobuytheirhomes.Abouttwomillionhomesweresold,earningthegovernmenttensofbillionsofpounds.Atthesametime,therentalmarketbecameincreasinglyunattractive.UnlikeGermanyandotherContinentalEuropeancountries,Britain’sprivaterentalmarketishighlyfragmented,withmanylandlordsandlawsthatgenerallyfavorthepropertyowner.Mostleasesareforsixmonthsonly,withlandlordsrarelyagreeingtocommittolongerterms;thismakesrentinghighlyinsecure.

Butasthepainofgovernment-imposedausteritysinksindisposableincomehasshrunkandloanrequirementhavetoughened,forcingmoreandmoreBritonsintorentingratherthanbuying.Overthelast10yearsthenumberofpeoplewhoownedhomesheredroppedto67percentfrom70percent.Meanwhile,thenumberofpeopleinprivaterentedhouseroseto16percentfrom10percentoverthesameperiod,accordingtotheOfficeforNationalStatistics.Risingdemandhaspusheduprentsbyanaverageof4.4percentoverthelastyear,accordingtoLSLPropertyService.InLondonrentsincreased7.8percent.

“Agrowingnumberofyoungwould—bebuyersarepreparingforlifelong-renting—bynecessityratherthanchoice,”saidJonathanMoore,directorofeasyroommate.co.uk,apropertyWebsite.CharlotteAshton,30,haslivedinrentedaccommodationseversincesheleftherparent’shometoattenduniversity.Shesaidshewassavingforadownpaymenttobuyherownhome.“Idobelieveinthefundamentalsofowningbricksandmortarassecurityforthefuture,morethanleavingmymoneyinthebanksasalowinterestrate”,saidMs.Ashton,whoworksinpublicrelations.“Butnowitseemsunlessyouhaveaverywellpaidjobandarewillingtosaveeverypenny,it’sunfeasibletobuywithoutthehelpofthebankofMumandDad.”

Someeconomistsareconcernedthatasmorepeopleareforcedtowaittobuyahome,itcouldopenupawideningofthewealthgapthatalreadyexistsbetweenhomeownersandnonhomeowners,endangeringtheretirementprospectsforaswellinggroupofyoungadultstheycall“generationrent.”Itcouldalsohaveimplicationsforthecohesionofneighborhoods,AlisonBlackwell,aresearchdirectorattheNationalCenterforSocialResearchandauthoroftheHalifaxreportsaid.Renterstendtobelessinvolvedinlocalcommunitiesbecausetheyareforcedtomovemoreoften.Andtheeconomyasawholemaysufferbecauserenterstendtocurbspendingtosaveforadeposit.

36.ForBritishpeople,buyinghouseis________.

37.Mrs.Thatcher’sright-to-buypolicyhasledto________.

38.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutGenerationRentistrue?

39.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.

40.Morepeople’sinclinationtorentratherthanbuyahousewillnot________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adistantgoal

B.asymbolofsuccess

C.acompulsorychoice

D.nothingbutaninvestment

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thehomeownershipbust

B.theeconomicrecovery

C.thehomeownershipboom

D.theeconomicrecession

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyconsiderrentingasalifelongplanratherthanatemporarychoice.

B.Theyareinfaceofeconomicdownturnandariskofearlyretirement.

C.Theydespisetheideaofaskingparentsformoneytobuyhouse.

D.Theystillbelieveintheblessingofhousejustliketheirpreviousgeneration.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.therentalmarketandthebuyingmarketalwaysdevelopinreversedirection

B.itisimpossibleforthefirst-timebuyerstogetamortgageundercurrenteconomicsituation

C.buyinghouseisamoreprofitableinvestmentthanbuyingfundundercurrenteconomicsituation

D.Britain’srealestatemarketislessvolatilethanthatofotherEuropeancountries

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.enlargethewealthdisparitybetweenthehavesandhavenots

B.reducetherenter’scommitmenttothecommunity

C.slowtherecoveryofeconomy

D.curbsocialmobility

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】36.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Owningahomeisthemainwayofshowingyoumadeit.（擁有房子是證明成功的主要方式。），可知B選項(xiàng)“成功的象征”正確。A選項(xiàng)“遙遠(yuǎn)的目標(biāo)”：根據(jù)第一段第一句ForalargenumberofyoungadultsinBritainhomeownershiphasbecomeincreasinglydifficulttoachieve,viewedasadistantgoalattainableonlylaterinlife,ifatall.（對(duì)于英國(guó)的很多年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，擁有住房變得越來(lái)越難，這被視為一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的目標(biāo)，如果能實(shí)現(xiàn)，也是在晚年。），可知這是對(duì)于英國(guó)年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)而不是普遍的英國(guó)人，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“必須的選擇”：文章沒(méi)有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“除了投資，什么用處都沒(méi)有”：Peoplestillperceiveahometobeabetterandsaferinvestmentthanapensionfund（人們?nèi)哉J(rèn)為住房是比養(yǎng)老基金更好、更安全的投資選擇），這里沒(méi)有說(shuō)買(mǎi)房只有投資這一個(gè)用處，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

37.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句Mrs.Thatcherissuedright-to-buypolicy…Abouttwomillionhomesweresold,earningthegovernmenttensofbillionsofpounds.（撒切爾夫人頒布了購(gòu)房權(quán)政策……大約售出了200萬(wàn)套房子，收入達(dá)數(shù)百億英鎊。），可知撒切爾夫人的政策促進(jìn)許多人買(mǎi)房，所以C選項(xiàng)“很多人買(mǎi)房”正