考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山西輕工職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山西輕工職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

HereinourUniversity,moreandmorestudentsareoptingforcomputersciencecourses.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.opposingto

B.choosing

C.neglecting

D.withdrawingfrom

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。Optfor表示“選擇”；A項(xiàng)opposeto“反對(duì)”，B項(xiàng)choose“選擇”，C項(xiàng)neglect“忽視”，D項(xiàng)withdrawfrom“退出，離開(kāi)”。句意：在我們大學(xué)，越來(lái)越多的學(xué)生選擇了計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)課程。因此B項(xiàng)正確。

2.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

ParadiseLostisMilton’smasterpiece.ItsstoryistakenfromtheBible,about“thefallofman”,thatis,howAdamandEvearetemptedbySatantodisobeyGodbyeatingtheforbiddenfruitfromtheTreeofKnowledge,andhowtheyarepunishedbyGodanddrivenoutofParadise.InMilton’swords,thepurposeofwritingtheepicisto“justifythewaysofGodtomen”,butapparently,Miltonisutteringhisintensehatredofcruelnessoftherulerinthepoem.BydepictingSatanandhisfollowersaswellastheirfieryutteranceandbraveactions,MiltonisshowingaPuritan’s（清教徒的）revoltagainstthedictatorandagainsttheestablishedCatholicsandtheAnglicanChurch.

InthepoemGodisnobetterthanacruelandselfishruler,seatedonathronewithagroupofangelsabouthimsingingsongstopraisehim.Hislongspeechesarenotpleasingatall.HeiscruelandunjustinpunishingSatan.Hisangelsarestupid.ButSatanisbyfarthemoststrikingcharacterinthepoem,whorisesagainstGodand,thoughdefeated,stillpersistsinhisfighting.

AdamandEveshowsMilton’sbeliefinthepowerofman.Goddeniesthemachancetopursueforknowledge.Itisthislongingforknowledgethatopensbeforemankindawideroadtoanintelligentandactivelife.IthasbeennotedbymanycriticsthatMilton’srevolutionaryfeelingsmakeshimforgetreligiousdoctrines.TheangelswhosurroundtheGodneverthinkofexpressinganyopinionsoftheirown,andtheyneverseemtohaveanyopinionsoftheirown.TheimageofGodsurroundedbysuchangelsresemblesthecourtofanabsolutemonarch.ButSatanandhisfollowers,whofreelydiscussallissuesincouncil,remindusofaRepublicanParliament.

1.Thispassageismostprobably（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,Milton（

）.

3.Inthepoem,Satanisdescribedas（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbeinferredfromthispassage?

5.Accordingtothispassage,ParadiseLostiswrittenforthepurposeof（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.areviewofMilton’sParadiseLost

B.anintroductionofwhatParadiseLostisabout

C.adepictionofthecruelnessoftheBritishruler

D.partofanintroductiontoEnglishliterature

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.describesSatanasaPuritan

B.doesn’tbelieveinGod

C.issatisfiedwiththeBritishruler

D.callsonpeopletofightagainstthedictator

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.anevilperson

B.contrarytowhatisdepictedintheBible

C.aselfishandcrueldevil

D.astupidghost

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.IfAdamandEvehadnoteatentheforbiddenfruit,humanbeingwouldbeignorantuntilnow.

B.Godactslikeadictator.

C.Satanandhisfollowersareparliamentmembersinthepoem.

D.Theangelsaredepictedasstupidinthepoem.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.praisingGodforthecreationoftheworld

B.criticizingthecruelnessofBritishruler

C.changingpeople’sunfavorableimpressionofSatan

D.expressinghissupportforthefightofSatan

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“彌爾頓《失樂(lè)園》的書(shū)評(píng)”；B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)《失樂(lè)園》內(nèi)容的介紹”；C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)英國(guó)殘暴統(tǒng)治者的描寫(xiě)”；D選項(xiàng)“英國(guó)文學(xué)導(dǎo)論的一部分”。全文都是圍繞《失樂(lè)園》來(lái)展開(kāi)的，第一段是對(duì)《失樂(lè)園》的簡(jiǎn)介以及作者寫(xiě)這本書(shū)的目的；第二段描述了上帝和撒旦的性格以及他們有什么現(xiàn)實(shí)象征；最后一段寫(xiě)了亞當(dāng)和夏娃象征意義還表達(dá)了作者自己的看法。由此可見(jiàn)答案選A。

第2題:判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“彌爾頓把撒旦描述成了清教徒”；B選項(xiàng)“不信上帝”；C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)英國(guó)統(tǒng)治者很滿意”；D選項(xiàng)“號(hào)召人們反對(duì)獨(dú)裁者”。根據(jù)第二段第一句話InthepoemGodisnobetterthanacruelandselfishruler（在這首詩(shī)中，上帝不過(guò)是一個(gè)殘忍自私的統(tǒng)治者）以及第三段第一句AdamandEveshowsMilton’sbeliefinthepowerofman（亞當(dāng)和夏娃顯示了彌爾頓對(duì)人的力量的信仰），由此答案選B。A，D選項(xiàng)文章沒(méi)有提及，C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

第3題:判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“撒旦是壞人”；B選項(xiàng)“和《圣經(jīng)》描述的不一樣”；C選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)自私且殘酷的惡魔”；D選項(xiàng)“愚蠢的惡鬼”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第一段最后一句話BydepictingSatanandhisfollowersaswellastheirfieryutteranceandbraveactions,MiltonisshowingaPuritan’srevoltagainstthedictatorandagainsttheestablishedCatholicsandtheAnglicanChurch（通過(guò)描繪撒旦和他的追隨者們以及他們的話語(yǔ)和勇敢的行動(dòng)，彌爾頓表明清教徒反抗獨(dú)裁者和反對(duì)既定的天主教和英國(guó)圣公會(huì)教堂），從這里可以看出，作者對(duì)撒旦的行為是欣賞的，而A、C、D選項(xiàng)都是反義選項(xiàng)，所以答案選B。

第4題:判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“如果亞當(dāng)和夏娃沒(méi)有吃禁果，人類到現(xiàn)在還會(huì)無(wú)知”；B選項(xiàng)“上帝表現(xiàn)得像獨(dú)裁者”；C選項(xiàng)“撒旦和他的追隨者在詩(shī)中是議會(huì)成員”；D選項(xiàng)“在這首詩(shī)中天使被描繪得很愚蠢”。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段第二三句話Goddeniesthemachancetopursueforknowledge.Itisthislongingforknowledgethatopensbeforemankindawideroadtoanintelligentandactivelife.（上帝不給他們追求知識(shí)的機(jī)會(huì)。正是對(duì)知識(shí)的渴望為人類開(kāi)辟了一條通往智慧和積極生活的寬闊道路），由此可以推測(cè)，如果不是人類自己努力，上帝是不可能主動(dòng)給他們帶來(lái)智慧的，所以A可以推測(cè)；定位到第二段第一句話InthepoemGodisnobetterthanacruelandselfishruler（在這首詩(shī)中，上帝不過(guò)是一個(gè)殘忍自私的統(tǒng)治者），從這里便可推測(cè)出B選項(xiàng)；定位到第三段最后一句話ButSatanandhisfollowers,whofreelydiscussallissuesincouncil,remindusofaRepublicanParliament（但是撒旦和他的追隨者，在會(huì)議中自由地討論所有問(wèn)題，讓我們想起共和黨的議會(huì)）從這里我們不能推測(cè)出撒旦及其追隨者是議會(huì)成員，只能說(shuō)作者暗指撒旦及其追隨者是現(xiàn)實(shí)中的議會(huì)成員，所以答案選C；定位到第二段倒數(shù)第二句話Hisangelsarestupid（他的天使很愚蠢），從這里就可以知道D。

第5題:判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“贊美上帝創(chuàng)造了世界”；B選項(xiàng)“批評(píng)英國(guó)統(tǒng)治者的殘暴”；C選項(xiàng)“改變?nèi)藗儗?duì)撒旦的不良印象”；D選項(xiàng)“表達(dá)他對(duì)與撒旦戰(zhàn)斗的支持”。定位到第一段第二句話InMilton’swords,thepurposeofwritingtheepicisto“justifythewaysofGodtomen”，butapparently,Miltonisutteringhisintensehatredofcruelnessoftherulerinthepoem（用彌爾頓的話說(shuō)，寫(xiě)這部史詩(shī)的目的是“為上帝對(duì)待人類的方式辯護(hù)”，但顯然，彌爾頓在詩(shī)中表達(dá)了他對(duì)統(tǒng)治者殘忍的強(qiáng)烈憎恨），由此可知答案選B。A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)槿拿鑼?xiě)的是對(duì)上帝的批判，沒(méi)有贊美上帝；C、D選項(xiàng)文中沒(méi)有提及。

3.單選題

Accordingtothenewschoolofscientiststechnologyisanoverlookedforceinexpandingthehorizonsofscientificknowledge.Sciencemovesforward,theysay,notsomuchthroughtheinsightsofgreatmenofgeniusasbecauseofmoreordinarythingslikeimprovedtechniquesandtools.Inshort,aleaderofthenewschoolcontends,thescientificrevolution,aswecallit,waslargelytheimprovementaninventionanduseofaseriesofinstrumentsthatexpandedthereachofscienceininnumerabledirections.

Overtheyears,toolsandtechnologythemselvesasasourceoffundamentalinnovationhavelargelybeenignoredbyhistoriansandphilosophersofscience.ThemodernschoolthathailstechnologyarguesthatsuchmastersasGalileo,Newton,Maxwell,Einstein,andinventorssuchasEdisonattachedgreatimportanceto,andderivedgreatbenefitfrom,craftinformationandtechnologicaldevicesofdifferentkindsthatwereusableinscientificexperiments.

Thecoreoftheargumentofatechnology-yes,genius-noadvocatewasananalysisofGalileo’sroleatthestartofthescientificrevolution.ThewisdomofthedaywasderivedfromPtolemy,anastronomerofthesecondcentury,whoseelaboratesystemoftenskyputEarthatthecenterofallheavenlymotions.Galileo’sgreatestglorywasthatin1609hewasthefirstpersontoturnthenewlyinventedtelescopeontheheavenstoprovethattheplanetsrevolvearoundthesunratherthanaroundtheearth.Buttherealheroofthestory,accordingtothenewschoolofscientists,wasthelongevolutionintheimprovementofmachineryformakingeyeglasses.

Federalpolicyisnecessarilyinvolvedinthetechnologyvsgeniusdispute.WhethertheGovernmentshouldincreasethefinancingofpurescienceattheexpenseoftechnologyorviceversaoftendependsontheissueofwhichisseenasthedrivingforce.

1.Whatleadstotheexpansionofscienceintermsofthenewschoolofscientists?

2.Whatisthenatureofscientificrevolutionaccordingtoaleaderofthenewschool?

3.Whydoesmodernschoolofscientistspayattentiontotheinventionandimprovementoftoolsandtechnology?

4.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthelastparagraph?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thecreativeideasofthegreatminds.

B.Thescientificknowledgeofthegeniuses.

C.Theimprovementofordinarytoolsandtechniques.

D.Theneglectedforceinscientificinnovations.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Ithelpstoinventaseriesofnewinstruments.

B.Itisactuallytheresultofthedevelopmentofaseriesofinstruments.

C.Itpushesthesciencetowardaparticulardirection.

D.Ithasimprovedthetechniquesininnumerabledirections.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Becausetheycanbeappliedinscientificexperiments.

B.Becausetheyaregreatlyadmiredbyscientistsandinventors.

C.Becausetheyareoverlookedbyhistoriansandphilosophers.

D.Becausetheycanbeservedasasourceofbasicinnovations.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thegovernment'sdecisiononitsfinanceallocationisdeterminedbyitsopinionontheprioritybetweenscienceandtechnology.

B.Thegovernmenthasdevelopedpurescienceattheexpenseoftechnology.

C.Thegovernmenthasattachedmoreimportancetotechnologythanpurescience.

D.Thegovernmentwillnolongerincreasethefinancialsupporttopurescience.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文的第一段，“Sciencemovesforward,theysay,notsomuchthroughtheinsightsofgreatmenofgeniusasbecauseofmoreordinarythingslikeimprovedtechniquesandtools.”他們說(shuō)，科學(xué)的發(fā)展與其說(shuō)源于天才偉人的真知灼見(jiàn)，不如說(shuō)源于改進(jìn)了的技術(shù)和工具等更為普通的東西。A選項(xiàng)“偉大思想的創(chuàng)造性思想”，B選項(xiàng)“天才的科學(xué)知識(shí)”，C選項(xiàng)“普通工具和技術(shù)的改進(jìn)”，D選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)創(chuàng)新中被忽視的力量”。因此，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段的最后一句，“Inshort,aleaderofthenewschoolcontends,thescientificrevolution,aswecallit,waslargelytheimprovementaninventionanduseofaseriesofinstrumentsthatexpandedthereachofscienceininnumerabledirections.”簡(jiǎn)而言之，新學(xué)派的一位領(lǐng)袖認(rèn)為，我們所謂的科學(xué)革命主要是指一系列儀器的改進(jìn)、發(fā)明和使用，這些發(fā)明和使用使科學(xué)發(fā)展的范圍無(wú)所不及。A選項(xiàng)“它有助于發(fā)明一系列新儀器”，B選項(xiàng)“它實(shí)際上是一系列儀器發(fā)展的結(jié)果”，C選項(xiàng)“它把科學(xué)推向一個(gè)特定的方向”，D選項(xiàng)“它在無(wú)數(shù)方面改進(jìn)了技術(shù)”。因此，B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文的第二段，“Overtheyears,toolsandtechnologythemselvesasasourceoffundamentalinnovationhavelargelybeenignoredbyhistoriansandphilosophersofscience.”多年來(lái)，工具和技術(shù)本身作為基礎(chǔ)性創(chuàng)新的源泉在很大程度上被科學(xué)史學(xué)家和科學(xué)哲學(xué)家們所忽視。A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄兛梢詰?yīng)用于科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)”，B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄兩钍芸茖W(xué)家和發(fā)明家的尊敬”，C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄儽粴v史學(xué)家和哲學(xué)家所忽視”,D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢宰鳛榛緞?chuàng)新的源泉”。因此，D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位到文章的最后一段，“WhethertheGovernmentshouldincreasethefinancingofpurescienceattheexpenseoftechnologyorviceversaoftendependsontheissueofwhichisseenasthedrivingforce.”政府是應(yīng)該以犧牲技術(shù)為代價(jià)增加純科學(xué)的融資，還是反過(guò)來(lái)增加純科學(xué)的融資，往往取決于哪一方被視為驅(qū)動(dòng)力的問(wèn)題。A選項(xiàng)“政府對(duì)其資金配置的決定取決于其對(duì)科學(xué)與技術(shù)優(yōu)先地位的看法”，B選項(xiàng)“政府以犧牲技術(shù)為代價(jià)發(fā)展了純科學(xué)”，C選項(xiàng)“政府更重視技術(shù)而不是純科學(xué)”，D選項(xiàng)“政府將不再增加對(duì)純科學(xué)的資金支持”。因此，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

Itwasaboldideatobuildapowerstationinthedeepvalley,butit（）aswellaswehadhoped.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cameoff

B.wentoff

C.broughtout

D.madeout

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)comeoff“成功，實(shí)現(xiàn)”；B選項(xiàng)gooff“離開(kāi)，變質(zhì)”；C選項(xiàng)bringout“出版，生產(chǎn)”；D選項(xiàng)makeout“辨認(rèn)出，理解”。根據(jù)句意：在深谷里建發(fā)電站是個(gè)大膽的想法，但結(jié)果與我們?cè)瓉?lái)所希望的一樣。也就說(shuō)，這個(gè)想法得到實(shí)現(xiàn)，所以選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

5.單選題

Thesegoodsare（）forexport,thoughafewofthemmaybesoldonthehomemarket.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.essentially

B.completely

C.necessarily

D.remarkably

【答案】A

【解析】句意:盡管其中一些產(chǎn)品可以在國(guó)內(nèi)銷售，但是這些產(chǎn)品基本上是出口銷售。

考查副詞辨析。Essentially本質(zhì)上；根本上；基本上；completely完全地；necessarily必要地；remarkably明顯地。因此A符合句意。

6.單選題

Intheir（）

thegroupsoldasmanyrecordsasalltheothergroupsinthecountryputtogether.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.eulogy

B.heyday

C.summit

D.mundaneness

【答案】B

【解析】eulogy“頌詞”；heyday“全盛期”；summit“頂點(diǎn)”；mundaneness“世俗，平凡”。句意：在他們的全盛時(shí)期，這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的銷售量是本國(guó)其他所有團(tuán)隊(duì)的銷售量總和。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

7.單選題

Thetownplanningcommissionsaidthattheirfinancialoutlookforthenextyearwasoptimistic.Theyexpectincreasedtax（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.efficiency

B.revenues

C.privileges

D.validity

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：城鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃委員會(huì)對(duì)他們下一年的經(jīng)濟(jì)前景持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。他們期盼稅收增加。

efficiency效率；revenue稅收，收益；privilege特權(quán)；validity有效性。taxrevenue表示“稅收”，是常用詞組。故本題選B。

8.單選題

Withtheirmodern,lightweightboat,theysoon（）theoldervesselsintherace.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.overran

B.exceeded

C.outstripped

D.caughtup

【答案】C

【解析】本題考查了同義詞辨析。overran“超過(guò)（范圍）”；exceeded“超過(guò)，超越（數(shù)量，限制）”；outstripped“超過(guò)，趕上”；caughtup“追上，趕上（接名詞時(shí)跟with連用）”，此處指的是在比賽中超過(guò)，趕上別人，所以可以排除選項(xiàng)A、B，此處如果使用catchup的話后面應(yīng)該加with，用catchupwith的形式，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

9.單選題

Natural’senergyefficiencyoften（

）humantechnology:despitetheintensityofthelightfirefliesproduce,theamountofheatisnegligible;onlyrecentlyhavehumansdevelopedchemicallight-producingsystemswhoseefficiency（

）thefirefly’ssystem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.engenders;manipulates

B.reflects;simulates

C.outstrips;rivals

D.inhibits;matches

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。首先看第一個(gè)空，engender“產(chǎn)生，引起（某種感覺(jué)或情況）”；reflect“反映，反射（聲、光、熱等）”；outstrip“超過(guò)，勝過(guò)”；inhibit“禁止，抑制”，根據(jù)句意第一個(gè)空應(yīng)該填“outstrip”；再看第二個(gè)空，manipulate“（暗中）控制，（熟練地）操作”；reflect“表明，顯示”；rival“堪比某人/某物競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，比得上某人/某物”；match“相配，與……不相上下”；根據(jù)句意‘自然界的能量效率常常超過(guò)人類的技術(shù)：盡管瑩火蟲(chóng)所發(fā)出的光亮極為強(qiáng)烈，但其熱量卻微乎其微。人類也是在近期才研制出能量效率能與螢火蟲(chóng)的發(fā)光體系相媲美的化學(xué)發(fā)光系統(tǒng)?！钸m合填入第二個(gè)空的是“rival”，C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Howmanyreallysufferasaresultoflabormarketproblems?Thisisoneofthemostcriticalyetcontentioussocialpolicyquestions.Inmanyways,oursocialstatisticsexaggeratethedegreeofhardship.Unemploymentdoesnothavethesamedireconsequencestodayasitdidinthe1930’swhenmostoftheunemployedwereprimarybreadwinners,whenincomeandearningswereusuallymuchclosertothemarginofsubsistence,andwhentherewerenocountervailingsocialprogramsforthosefailinginthelabormarket.Increasingaffluence,theriseoffamilieswithmorethanonewageearner,thegrowingpredominanceofsecondaryearnersamongtheunemployed,andimprovedsocialwelfareprotectionhaveunquestionablymitigatedtheconsequencesofjoblessness.Earningsandincomedataalsooverstatethedimensionsofhardship.Amongthemillionswithhourlyearningsatorbelowtheminimumwagelevel,theoverwhelmingmajorityarefrommultiple-earner,relativelyaffluentfamilies.Mostofthosecountedbythepovertystatisticsareelderlyorhandicappedorhavefamilyresponsibilitieswhichkeepthemoutofthelaborforce,sothepovertystatisticsarebynomeansanaccurateindicatoroflabormarketpathologies.

Yettherearealsomanywaysoursocialstatisticsunderestimatethedegreeoflabor-market-relatedhardship.Theunemploymentcountsexcludethemillionsoffullyemployedworkerswhosewagesaresolowthattheirfamiliesremaininpoverty.Lowwagesandrepeatedorprolongedunemploymentfrequentlyinteracttounderminethecapacityforself-support.Sincethenumberexperiencingjoblessnessatsometimeduringtheyearisseveraltimesthenumberunemployedinanymonth,thosewhosufferasaresultofforcedidlenesscanequalorexceedaverageannualunemployment,eventhoughonlyaminorityofthejoblessinanymonthreallysuffer.Foreverypersoncountedinthemonthlyunemploymenttallies,thereisanotherworkingpart-timebecauseoftheinabilitytofindfull-timework,orelseoutsidethelaborforcebutwantingajob.Finally,incometransfersinourcountyhavealwaysfocusedontheelderly,disabled,anddependent,neglectingtheneedsoftheworkingpoor,sothatthedramaticexpansionofcashandin-kindtransfersdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthosefailinginthelabormarketareadequatelyprotected.

Asaresultofsuchcontradictoryevidence,itisuncertainwhetherthosesufferingseriouslyasaresultoflabormarketproblemsnumberinthehundredsofthousandsorthetensofmillions,andhence,whetherhighlevelsofjoblessnesscanbetoleratedormustbecounteredbyjobcreationandeconomicstimulus.Thereisonlyoneareaofagreementinthisdebate—thattheexistingpoverty,employment,andearningsstatisticsareinadequateforoneoftheirprimaryapplications,measuringtheconsequencesoflabormarketproblems.

1.Whichofthefollowingistheprincipaltopicofthepassage?

2.Theauthoruses“l(fā)abormarketproblems”inlines1-2torefertowhichofthefollowing?

3.Theauthorcontraststhe1930’swiththepresentinordertoshowthat（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingproposalsbestrespondstotheissuesraisedbytheauthor?

5.Theauthorstatesthatthemitigatingeffectofsocialprogramsinvolvingincometransfersontheincomeleveloflow-incomepeopleisoftennotfeltby（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whatcauseslabormarketpathologiesthatresultinsuffering?

B.Whyincomemeasuresareimpreciseinmeasuringdegreesofpoverty?

C.Whichofthecurrentlyusedstatisticalproceduresarethebestforestimatingtheincidenceofhardshipthatisduetounemployment?

D.Howsocialstatisticsgiveanunclearpictureofthedegreeofhardshipcausedbylowwagesandinsufficientemploymentopportunities?

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theoverallcausesofpoverty.

B.Deficienciesinthetrainingoftheworkforce.

C.Traderelationshipsamongproducersofgoods.

D.Shortagesofjobsprovidingadequateincome.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.morepeoplewereunemployedinthe1930’s

B.unemploymentnowhaslesssevereeffects

C.socialprogramsaremoreneedednow

D.therenowisagreaterproportionofelderlyandhandicappedpeopleamongthoseinpoverty

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Innovativeprogramsusingmultipleapproachesshouldbesetuptoreducethelevelofunemployment.

B.Acompromiseshouldbefoundbetweenthepositionsofthosewhoviewjoblessnessasanevilgreaterthaneconomiccontrolandthosewhoholdtheoppositeview.

C.Newstatisticalindicesshouldbedevelopedtomeasurethedegreetowhichunemploymentandinadequatelypaidemploymentcausesuffering.

D.Considerationshouldbegiventothewaysinwhichstatisticscanactaspartialcausesofthephenomenathattheypurporttomeasure.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theemployedpoor

B.dependentchildreninsingle-earnerfamilies

C.workerswhobecomedisabled

D.retiredworkers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。第一段作者提出在很多方面，我們的社會(huì)統(tǒng)計(jì)夸大了失業(yè)的困苦程度。而在第二段又指出然而我們的社會(huì)統(tǒng)計(jì)也在很多方面低估了勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)相關(guān)的困苦。文章主要是針對(duì)這倆方面進(jìn)行分析。因此D項(xiàng)“社會(huì)統(tǒng)計(jì)如何就由低工資和不充足的雇傭機(jī)會(huì)導(dǎo)致的困苦程度給出一個(gè)不清楚的描寫(xiě)”比較能概括文章大意。

第2題:判斷推理題。文章開(kāi)頭提出:Howmanyreallysufferasaresultoflabormarketproblems?(有多少人真的因?yàn)閯趧?wù)市場(chǎng)問(wèn)題而受苦？)。第二段又指出:Yettherearealsomanywaysoursocialstatisticsunderestimatethedegreeoflabor-market-relatedhardship(然而我們的社會(huì)統(tǒng)計(jì)也在很多方面低估了勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)相關(guān)的困苦)。后面又提及unemployment(失業(yè))和Lowwagesandrepeatedorprolongedunemployment(低工資和反復(fù)的或持續(xù)很久的失業(yè))。由此可推測(cè)，“l(fā)abormarketproblems”指“缺乏提供充足收入的工作”。

第3題:判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位至第一段:Unemploymentdoesnothavethesamedireconsequencestodayasitdidinthe1930'swhenmostoftheunemployedwereprimarybreadwinners...(如今的失業(yè)沒(méi)有20世紀(jì)30年代的失業(yè)那樣悲慘的結(jié)果，那時(shí)大多數(shù)的失業(yè)者是主要的養(yǎng)家糊口者)。

第4題:判斷推理題。題干意為:下列哪一項(xiàng)建議最適合作者提出的問(wèn)題?最后一段指出:Thereisonlyoneareaofagreementinthisdebate—thattheexistingpoverty,employment,andearningsstatisticsareinadequateforoneoftheirprimaryapplications,measuringtheconsequencesoflabormarketproblems(在這場(chǎng)辯論中，只有一個(gè)領(lǐng)域是一致的，那就是現(xiàn)有的貧困、就業(yè)和收入統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)不足以作為衡量勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)問(wèn)題后果的主要運(yùn)用之一，（即衡量勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)問(wèn)題的后果）是不充分的)。由此推測(cè)C項(xiàng)“新的統(tǒng)計(jì)指標(biāo)應(yīng)該被開(kāi)發(fā)來(lái)衡量失業(yè)和工資支付不足的就業(yè)導(dǎo)致的受苦程度”正確。

第5題:判斷推理題。題干意為:作者指出，涉及收入轉(zhuǎn)移的社會(huì)項(xiàng)目對(duì)低收入人群收入水平的緩解作用，往往沒(méi)有對(duì)…受益。Finally,incometransfersinourcountyhavealwaysfocusedontheelderly,disabled,anddependent,neglectingtheneedsoftheworkingpoor(最后，收入轉(zhuǎn)移在我們的國(guó)家一直關(guān)注老人、殘疾人和依靠他人者，從而忽視了上班的窮人的需求…)。由此可推測(cè)，A項(xiàng)“被雇傭的窮人”正確。

11.單選題

Whentheairinacertainspaceissqueezedtooccupyasmallerspace,theairissaidtobe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.commenced

B.compressed

C.compromised

D.compensated

【答案】B

【解析】commenced開(kāi)始；compressed壓縮；compromised妥協(xié)；compensated補(bǔ)償。句意：當(dāng)某一空間的空氣被擠壓以占據(jù)更小的空間時(shí)，我們說(shuō)空氣被壓縮了。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

12.單選題

His______wastellinghimthatsomethingwaswrong.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intuition

B.hypothesis

C.inspiration

D.sentiment

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.intuition直覺(jué)B.hypothesis（有少量事實(shí)依據(jù)但未被證實(shí)的）假說(shuō)，假設(shè)

C.inspiration靈感，鼓舞D.sentiment（基于情感的）觀點(diǎn)，看法

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“他的______告訴他有些事情不對(duì)勁”，結(jié)合關(guān)鍵信息somethingwaswrong（某些事情有問(wèn)題）可推測(cè)，空格處填入“直覺(jué)”符合句子意思。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】他的直覺(jué)告訴他出了問(wèn)題。

13.單選題

TheTVprogramisso（）thatIcan’tmovemyeyesawayfromthescreen.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.freestanding

B.devastating

C.compelling

D.fascinating

【答案】D

【解析】句意:這個(gè)電視節(jié)目如此吸引人,以至于我眼睛不能從屏幕上移開(kāi)。

考查形容詞辨析。freestanding獨(dú)立式的;devastating毀滅性的;compelling引人注目的,強(qiáng)制的,激發(fā)興趣的;fascinating迷人的,吸引人的,使人祌魂顛倒的。由后半句句意可知D正確。

14.單選題

Foryearspediaticiansdidn’tworrymuchabouttreatinghypertensionintheirpatients.Afterall,kidsgrowsofast,it’shardkeepingupwiththeirshoesize,letalonetheirbloodpressure.Sure,hypertensioninadultsplacesthematgreaterriskofheartattackandstroke.Butnobodylikestheideaofstartingyoungstersonblood-pressuremedicinetheycouldwinduptakingtherestoftheirlives.Whoknowswhatpreviouslyunheard-ofsideeffectscouldcropupafterfiveprsixdecadesofdailyuse?

Therationalehasbeen:kidsgrowoutofsomanythings,maybethey'llgrowoutofthistoo.

Now,though,comeswordthathighbloodpressurecanbedestructiveeveninchildhood.AccordingtoarecentreportinthejournalCirculation,19of130childrenwithhighbloodpressuredevelopedadangerousthickeningoftheheartmusclethat,inadultsatleast,hasbeenlinkedtoheartfailure.“Nooneknowsifthispatternholdstrueforyoungerpatientsaswell,”saysDr.StephenDaniels,apediatriccardiologistwholedthestudyatChildrensHospitalMedicalCenterinCincinnati,Ohio.“Butit’sworrisome.”

Who’smostatrisk?Boysmorethangirls,especiallyboyswhoareoverweight.Theirheartworkssohardtoforcebloodthroughextralayersoffatthatitswallsgrowmoredense.Then,afterdecadesofstraining,itgrowstoobigtopumpbloodverywell.Fortunatelytheabnormal,thickeningcanbespottedbyultrasound.Andinmostcase,gettingthatbloodpressureundercontrol—throughweightlossandexerciseor,asalastresort,drugtreatment一allowstheoverworkedmuscletoshrinktonormalsize.

Howcanyoutellifyoursarelikethe670,000Americanchildrenages10to18withhighbloodpressure?It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery.Youshouldhaveatestdonebyadoctor,whowillconsultspecialtablesthatindicatemenormalrangeofbloodpressureforaparticularchild’sage,heightandsex.Ifthedoctorfindsanabnormalresulthewillrepeatthetestoveraperiodofmonthstomakesurethereadingisn’tafake.He’llalsocheck,whetherotherconditions,likekidneydisease,couldbethesourceofthetrouble.BecausehypertensioncanbehardtodetecttheNationalHeart,LungandBloodInstituterecommendsannualblood-pressurechecksforeverychildoverage3.

Abouthalfthecasesofhypertensionstemdirectlyfromkidsbeingoverweight.Andtheproblemislikelytogrow.Overthepast30yearstheproportionofchildrenintheU.S.whoareoverweighthasdoubled,from5%to11%or4.7millionkids.

Youcankeepyourchildrenfromjoiningtheirranksbyclearingthejunkfoodfromyourpantryandhookingyoukids—theearlierthebetter一onhealthy,attractivesnackslikefruits(tryfreezinggrapesorcarrotstickswithsalsa).Notonlywilltheyloweryourchildren’sbloodpressure:thesefoodswillalsoboosttheirimmunesystemandunclogtheirplumbing.Meanwhile,makesureyourkidsspendmoretimeontheplaygroundthanwiththeirPlay-Station.Eveniftheydon’tshedapound,vigorousexercisewillhelpkeeptheirbloodvesselsniceandwide,loweringtheirbloodpressure.Andofcourse,they’llbemorelikelytoeatlightandexerciseifyousetagoodexample.

1.Theword“unclog”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby（）.

2.Bysaying“It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery”,thewriterimplies（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotsuggestedbythewritertocontrolhypertension?

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fix

B.clear

C.hinder

D.dismantle

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.hypertensionishardtodetect

B.childrenoftenrefusetohavetheirbloodpressuretested

C.you’llhavetopayalotofmoneyifyouwanttohaveyourchild’sbloodpressurecheckedinagrocery

D.inalocalgrocery,youarefreetodeterminehowtohaveyourchild’bloodpressureexamined

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Drugtreatment.

B.Weightloss.

C.Exercise.

D.Overwork.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.childrenwithhypertensionareunlikelytosufferfromheartattackandstroke

B.parent'sbloodpressuredecidestheirchildren’sbloodpressure

/