考研考博-英語-大連理工大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-大連理工大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

FossilsarethetracesofplantsandanimalsofpastgeologicalagesthathavebeenpreservedintheEarth'scrust

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.registers

B.residue

C.profusion

D.precursors

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。trace意為“蹤跡，痕跡”；register意為“注冊，登記”；residue意為“殘留物，殘?jiān)?；profusion意為“大量，眾多”；precursor意為“先驅(qū)，先鋒”。

句意：化石是過去地質(zhì)時(shí)代的動(dòng)植物在地殼中保存下來的痕跡。

2.單選題

Thefateofancientmansionissealedsincethemayorhasdecided:“（

）thishousewillbepulleddownbytheFirstofOctober.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whatmaycome

B.Comewhatmay

C.Maywhatcome

D.Comemaywhat

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。comewhatmay“無論如何”。句意：古宅的命運(yùn)是注定了的，自從市長決定無論怎樣，這棟房子將在十月一號被推倒。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.單選題

Arecentsurveysuggestedthatifmoneywerenotanissue,mostmothers________nottoworkatall.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shouldprefer

B.prefer

C.wouldprefer

D.preferred

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣的用法。選項(xiàng)里面都有prefer，句意是：一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示如果不是因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)問題，多數(shù)母親更愿意選擇不工作。從if可以聯(lián)想到條件句，后面接的是were，可知這是個(gè)虛擬的條件，否則be動(dòng)詞形式我們會(huì)選was或者is，因虛擬語氣的主句謂語形式是would+原形或者wouldhavedone，所以B和D不能選，should的本意是“應(yīng)該”，would的意思是“將會(huì)”，選would句意會(huì)更加貼切，所以我們應(yīng)該選C。

4.單選題

Someoftheseonlineservicesarefree,whileothers（

）acharge.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.carry

B.cashier

C.coincide

D.collect

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有些網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)是免費(fèi)的，但是其他的需要付費(fèi)。carry“包含”；cashier“解雇”；coincide“同時(shí)發(fā)生”；collect“收集”。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese.

Wefindthatbrightchildrenarerarelyheldbackbymixed-abilityteaching.Onthecontrary,boththeirknowledgeandexperienceareenriched.Wefeelthattherearemanydisadvantagesinstreamingpupils.Itdoesnottakeintoaccountthefactthatchildrendevelopatdifferentrates.Itcanhaveabadeffectonbothheightandtheno-so-brightchild.Afterall,itcanbequitediscouragingtobeatthebottomofthetopgrade.

Besides,itisratherunrealtogradepeoplejustaccordingtotheirintellectualability.Thisisonlyoneaspectoftheirtotalpersonality.Weareconcernedtodeveloptheabilitiesofallourpupilstothefull,notjusttheiracademicability.Wealsovaluepersonalqualitiesandsocialskills,andwefindthatmixed-abilityteachingcontributestoalltheseaspectsoflearning.

【答案】我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，聰明的孩子如果接受不按能力分班的教學(xué)，很少會(huì)因此而在發(fā)展方面受到阻礙。相反，他們在知識和經(jīng)驗(yàn)方面都有長進(jìn)。我們認(rèn)為把學(xué)生按照能力分班有很多弊端。這種做法沒有考慮到孩子們發(fā)展差異這一事實(shí)。對聰明的孩子和不太聰明的孩子都有不利影響。畢竟，在最好的那一檔里做最差的學(xué)生也是非常令人沮喪的。

此外，只根據(jù)智力水平來對人進(jìn)行分類也是頗不現(xiàn)實(shí)的。智力水平僅僅是整體人格特征的一個(gè)方面罷了。我們關(guān)心的是讓所有的學(xué)生都能充分發(fā)展各方面的能力，而不僅僅只是學(xué)術(shù)能力。我們也很看重個(gè)人品質(zhì)與社交技能，而我們發(fā)現(xiàn)不按能力分班的教學(xué)有助于學(xué)習(xí)的各個(gè)方面。

6.單選題

SecretaryOfStateKerrysaidthatit’simportantforpeopleintheworldnotto（

）allegedterroristsbuttounderscoretheimportanceoftheruleoflaw.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sympathizewith

B.getalongwith

C.referto

D.respondto

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)sympathizewith表示“同情，與……產(chǎn)生共鳴”；B選項(xiàng)getalongwith表示“與……和睦相處，取得進(jìn)展”；C選項(xiàng)referto表示“參考，涉及，指的是”；D選項(xiàng)respondto表示“響應(yīng)”。由句意可知，國務(wù)卿克里表示，對世界人民來講，重要的不是同情所謂的恐怖分子，而是要強(qiáng)調(diào)法治的重要性。因此，A選項(xiàng)的詞義更符合句意，故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

7.單選題

Therelationshipbetweenformaleducationandeconomicgrowthinpoorcountriesiswidelymisunderstoodbyeconomistsandpoliticiansalike.Progressinbothareasisundoubtedlynecessaryforthesocial,politicalandintellectualdevelopmentoftheseandallothersocieties;however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong.Wearefortunatethatisitbecausebuildingneweducationalsystemsthereandputtingenoughpeoplethroughthemtoimproveeconomicperformancewouldrequiretwoorthreegenerations.Thefindingsofaresearchinstitutionhaveconsistentlyshownthatworkersinallcountriescanbetrainedonthejobtoachieveradicallyhigherproductivityand,asaresult,radicallyhigherstandardsofliving.

Ironically,thefirstevidenceforthisideaappearedintheUnitedStates.Notlongago,withthecountryenteringarecessingandJapanatitspre-bubblepeak,theU.S.workforcewasderidedaspoorlyeducatedandoneoftheprimarycauseofthepoorU.S.economicperformance.Japanwas,andremains,thegloballeaderinautomotiveassemblyproductivity.YettheresearchrevealedthattheU.S.factoriesofHonda,Nissan,andToyotaachievedabout95percentoftheproductivityoftheirJapanesecounterparts—aresultofthetrainingthatU.S.workersreceivedonthejob.

Morerecently,whileexamininghousingconstruction,theresearchersdiscoveredthatilliterate,non-English-speakingMexicanworkersinHouston,Texas,consistentlymetbest-practicelaborproductivitystandardsdespitethecomplexityofthebuildingindustry'swork.

Whatistherealrelationshipbetweeneducationandeconomicdevelopment?Wehavebeguntosuspectthatcontinuingeconomicgrowthpromotesthedevelopmentofeducationevenwhengovernmentsdon’tforceit.Afterall,that’showeducationgotstarted.Whenourancestorswerehuntersandgatherers10,000yearsago,theydidn’thavetimetowondermuchaboutanythingbesidesfindingfood.Onlywhenhumanitybegantogetitsfoodinamoreproductivewaywastheretimeforotherthings.

Aseducationimproved,humanity’sproductivitypotentialincreasedaswell.Whenthecompetitiveenvironmentpushedourancestorstoachievethatpotential,theycouldinturnaffordmoreeducation.Thisincreasinglyhighlevelofeducationisprobablyanecessary,butnotasufficient,conditionforthecomplexpoliticalsystemsrequiredbyadvancedeconomicperformance.Thuspoorcountriesmightnotbeabletoescapetheirpovertytrapswithoutpoliticalchangesthatmaybepossibleonlywithbroaderformaleducation.Alackofformaleducationhowever,doesn’tconstraintheabilityofthedevelopingworld’sworkforcetosubstantiallyimproveproductivityfortheforeseeablefuture.Onthecontrary,constraintsonimprovingproductivityexplainwhyeducationisn'tdevelopingmorequicklytherethanitis.

1.Theauthorholdsinparagraph1thattheimportanceofeducationinpoorcountries（）.

2.AmajordifferencebetweentheJapaneseandU.S.workforcesisthat（）.

3.Theauthorquotestheexampleofourancestortoshowthateducationemerged（）.

4.Accordingtothelastparagraph,developmentofeducation（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.isconventionaldowngraded

B.hasbeenoverestimated

C.issubjecttogroundlessdoubts

D.hasfallenvictimofbias

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theU.S.workforceismoreorganize

B.theJapaneseworkforceismoreproductive

C.theU.S.workforcehasabettereducation

D.theJapaneseworkforceisbetterdisciplined

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.asaresultofpressureongovernment

B.whenpeoplenolongerwenthungry

C.C.priortobetterwaysoffindingfood

D.whenpeoplehadenoughtime

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.followedimprovedproductivity

B.doesnotdependoneconomicperformance

C.resultsdirectlyfromthecompetitiveenvironments

D.cannotaffordpoliticalchanges

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“作者在第一段中認(rèn)為教育在貧窮國家的重要性……”。文章第一段第二句后半句提到“傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為教育應(yīng)該是促進(jìn)貧窮國家經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展的最高優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)之一，這種觀點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤的”(however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong)，由此可知貧窮國家教育的重要性被高估了，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“日本和美國勞動(dòng)力的一個(gè)主要區(qū)別是什么？”文章第二段最后提到研究表明豐田、尼桑和本田位于美國的工廠的生產(chǎn)率大約是日本同行的95%（YettheresearchrevealedthattheU.S.factoriesofHonda,Nissan,andToyotaachievedabout95percentoftheproductivityoftheirJapanesecounterparts），由此可以推測出日本的生產(chǎn)率比美國的要高，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“作者引用我們祖先的例子來說明教育的出現(xiàn)……”。文章第四段第二句話提到“我們懷疑，即使政府不強(qiáng)迫，持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長也會(huì)促進(jìn)教育的發(fā)展”(Wehavebeguntosuspectthatcontinuingeconomicgrowthpromotesthedevelopmentofeducationevenwhengovernmentsdon’tforceit)；當(dāng)我們的祖先還在狩獵和采集的時(shí)候，除了尋找食物，他們沒有時(shí)間去思考其他的事情，由此可知教育之所以出現(xiàn)，是因?yàn)椴恍枰?dān)心食物的問題，選項(xiàng)B“人們不再挨餓”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章最后一段可知教育的發(fā)展……”。文章最后一段的第一句提到隨著教育的進(jìn)步，人類的生產(chǎn)潛力也增加了(Aseducationimproved,humanity’sproductivitypotentialincreasedaswell),選項(xiàng)A“伴隨生產(chǎn)力的提升”符合題意。

8.寫作題

Directions:Inthispart,youareexpectedtowriteacompositionentitled“HasTechnologyMadetheWorldaBetterPlacetoLive?“innolessthan300wordsPleasewriteyourcompositionreadableandneatlyontheAnswerSheet.

【答案】略

9.單選題

Ise-mailablessingoracurse?Lastmonth,afteraweek’svocation,Idiscovered1218unreade-mailmessageswaitinginmybox.Ipretendedtobedismayed,butsecretlyIwaspleased.Thisishowwemeasureourwiredworthinthelate1990s.Ifyouaren’toverwhelmedbye-mail,youmustbedoingsomethingwrong.

E-mail.Can’tlivewithit,can’tlivewithoutit.Artistsandrealartists,advertisersandfreedomfighters,loversandswornenemies—they’veallflockedtoe-mailastheywouldtoanynewmediumofexpression.E-mailisconvenient,savestime,bringsusclosertooneanother,andhelpsusmanageourever-more-complexlives.Booksarewritten,campaignsconducted,crimescommitted—allviae-mail.Butitisalsoinconvenient,wastesourtime,isolatesusinfrontofourcomputersandintroducesmorecomplexityintoouralreadytoo-hurriedlives.Toskeptics,e-mailisjustthelatestchapterintheevolvinghistoryofhumancommunication.

Yete-mailallonlinecommunicationisinfactsomethingtrulydifferent;itcapturestheessenceoflifeatthecloseofthe20thcenturywithanauthoritythatfewotherproductsofdigitaltechnologycanclaim.Doesthepaceoflifeseemeverfaster?E-mailsimultaneouslyallowsustocopewiththataccelerationandcontributestoit.Areourattentionspansshrivelingunderbarragesofnew,improvedformsofstimulation?Thequickanddirtye-mailismadetoorderforthosewhoseabilitytoconcentrateismeasuredinnanoseconds.Ifweacceptthatthecreationoftheglobal-spanningInternetisoneofthemostimportanttechnologicalinnovationsofthelasthalfofthiscentury,thenwemustgivee-mail,thelivingembodimentofhumanconnectionacrosstheNet,prideofplace.Thewayweinteractwitheachotherischanging;e-mailisboththecatalystandtheinstrumentofthatchange.

1.Accordingtothepassage,e-mailisconvenientbecauseit（）

2.Theauthorofthispassageisaboute-mail（）

3.Whichofthefollowingphrasesistheclosestinmeaningtothephrase“give...prideofplace”inParagraph3?

4.AllthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT（）

5.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.savesourtime

B.introducesmorecomplexityintoourtoo-upsetlives

C.makescommunicationpossible

D.enrichourlives

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.skeptical

B.positive

C.negative

D.firm

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.takeprideintheplace

B.beproudof

C.give...themostimportantposition

D.putstresson

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.E-mailnotonlyallowsustocopewiththefasterpaceoflifebutalsomakesitaccelerated

B.Thewayweinteractwitheachotherischanging

C.E-mailcanhelpusmanageourever-more-complexlives

D.Onlyadvertisersmakeuseofe-mail

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.E-mailisoneofthemostimportanttechnologicalinnovationsofthelasthalfofthe20thcentury.

B.E-mailistheinstrumentthatbringsaboutgreatchangesinhumanconnection.

C.E-mailhelpsusunderstandtheessenceoflifeatthecloseofthe20thcentury.

D.E-mailisnotonlyconvenientbutalsoinconvenient.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的第四句“E-mailisconvenient,savestime,bringsusclosertooneanother,andhelpsusmanageourever-more-complexlives.”可知選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句“Ifweacceptthat....,prideofplace.”如果我們承認(rèn)，創(chuàng)建全球范圍的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是本世紀(jì)后半葉最重要的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新之一，那么我們就必須將電子郵件放在頭等重要的位置，因?yàn)檫@是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上人與人之間聯(lián)系的生動(dòng)的體現(xiàn)。。由此可知作者對電子郵件態(tài)度是積極的。

3.語義題。結(jié)合原文句意：如果我們承認(rèn)，全球互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的創(chuàng)建是本世紀(jì)后半葉最重要的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新之一，那么我們就必須將電子郵件放在頭等重要的位置，因?yàn)檫@是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上人與人之間聯(lián)系的生動(dòng)的體現(xiàn)。prideofplace指頭等重要的位置，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段可知不僅僅是廣告商，還藝術(shù)家，自由斗士，情侶以及敵人都用電子郵件，所以選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要主要圍繞電子郵件講述了其特點(diǎn)和作用，意在指出電子郵件是20世紀(jì)后半葉最重要的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新之一。所以選項(xiàng)A最能概括全文。

10.單選題

Iwasdeeplyimpressedbythehostess'（

）andenjoyedthedinnerpartyverymuch.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hostility

B.indignation

C.hospitality

D.humanity

【答案】C

【解析】句意:女主人的熱情好客給我留下了深刻印象，我在這次晚宴中很開心。

考查名詞辨析。Hostility敵意,戰(zhàn)爭行動(dòng);indignation憤慨,義憤;hospitality好客,殷勤;humanity人道,仁慈。故C符合句意。

11.單選題

GianlucaVialli,managerofChelseaFootballClub,expresseditexplicitlyenough:“Thefootisthetoolofthetradeofthefootballer.”Youmightthereforeexpectfootballerstotakeparticularlygoodcareoftheirfeet.ButresultspresentedatarecentconferenceofdermatologistsinAmsterdamsuggestotherwise.Professionalfootballersseemaslikelytosufferfromfungalinfectionsofthefootasotherpeople.

Onestudy,calledAchillesProject,lookedat76,475pairsoffeetbelongingtopeoplefrom18Europeancountries.Itfoundthat26%ofthesamplehadTineapedis,betterknownasathlete’sfoot,while30%hadOnychomycosis,aninfectionthatcausestoenailstobecomethickened,discoloredanddistorted.TheresultsshowedthatEastEuropeancountrieshaveconsistentlyhigherratesofinfection.Onaverage,30%ofBritons,GermansandBelgianshadsomeformoffungalinfection,comparedwith85%ofRussians,andlessthan10%ofSpaniards.

Furthermore,adultsundertheageof40whotookregularexercisehada40%greaterriskoffungalinfectionthanthosewhodidnot.Leisurecentersandswimmingpoolswereidentifiedaspotentialhealthhazardstotheverypeoplewhovisitthemtostayfit.Communalshowersandchangingroomsareperfectbreeding—groundsforthehighlyinfectiousfungithatspreadfootandnailinfection:upto1,500fungally-infectedskinfragmentspersquaremetershavebeenfoundinsomeleisurefacilities.Sweatysocksandwarm,dampsportsshoesprovideequallyhospitableenvironments.

Allofwhichgoessomewaytoexplainingthefootballers.Nodoubtallthattimespentinshowersandchanging-roomsispartlyresponsible.ButDr.Caputo,adermatologist,alsofoundanotherfactor:footballersareoftenreluctant,forsuperstitiousreasons,todiscardtheiroldboots.Hefoundthatplayersgetattachedtoparticularboots;iftheyscoreagoalwithone,theywillwearitagainandagain.Theriskofathlete’sfootmaybeasmallpricetopayforagoal.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

2.Accordingtothepassage,“AchillesProject”wasdesignedto（

）.

3.FromthedescriptionofTineapedisandOnychomycosis,wearesurethat（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcan

besafelyinferredconcerningtheleisurecentersandswimmingpools?

5.WhatdidDr.Caputofindaboutfootballers?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Footballersdonotcarefortheirfeetasexpected.

B.Footballers’feetaremoresensitivetofungalinfections.

C.Footballersusuallycarefortheirfeetmorethanotherpeople.

D.Footballers’feetaremorevulnerablethanthoseofotherpeople.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.serveasaglobalscreeningforfootinfections

B.collectasampleofinfectedathletesforresearch

C.lookintotheconditionsoffeetinEuropeancountries

D.findmeasuresforreducinghighratesoffootinfections

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TineapedisaffectsathletesmorethanOnychomycosis

B.TineapedisandOnychomycosisarebothfungalinfections

C.TineapedisisamoreseriousinfectionthanOnychomycosis

D.Tineapedisismoresensitivetoanti-fungaldrugsthanOnychomycosis

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theycouldhelppeopleinonewayandharmtheminanother.

B.Theydonotspreadinfectionsasmuchasotherpublicplaces.

C.Theydonotperformadequatecheck-upsfortheirvisitors.

D.Theyareunlikelytospreadfungalinfection.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theyplaytoomuchtokeeptheirfeetclean.

B.Theyusuallydonotthrowawaycomfortableboots.

C.Theybelievesomeshoesmaybringthemgoodluck.

D.Theyoftensticktohigh-pricedshoesforscoringgoals.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?我們可以從第一段中學(xué)到什么？

A.Footballersdonotcarefortheirfeetasexpected.A.足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員并不像預(yù)期的那樣關(guān)心他們的腳。

B.Footballers’feetaremoresensitivetofungalinfections.B.足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的腳對真菌感染更敏感。

C.Footballersusuallycarefortheirfeetmorethanotherpeople.C.足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員通常比其他人更關(guān)心自己的腳。

D.Footballers’feetaremorevulnerablethanthoseofotherpeople.D.足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的腳比其他人的腳更容易受傷。

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位至原文第一段第二、三、四句“因此，你可能會(huì)期望足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員特別照顧好他們的腳。但最近在阿姆斯特丹舉行的一次皮膚病專家會(huì)議上的結(jié)果卻表明，情況并非如此。職業(yè)足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員似乎和其他人一樣容易患足部真菌感染?！庇晌闹械谝欢蔚诙淇芍狝選項(xiàng)“足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員并不像預(yù)期的那樣在意自己的腳”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的腳對真菌感染更敏感?！?，文中提到“職業(yè)足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員似乎和其他人一樣容易患足部真菌感染?！钡]有說足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的腳更加容易感染，屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員通常比其他人更關(guān)心自己的腳?！保闹锌芍\(yùn)動(dòng)員并不像預(yù)期那樣在意自己的腳，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的腳比其他人的腳更容易受傷。”第一段沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothepassage,“AchillesProject”wasdesignedto（）.根據(jù)文章，“阿喀琉斯計(jì)劃”被設(shè)計(jì)為____。

A.serveasaglobalscreeningforfootinfectionsA.作為全球腳部感染的篩查

B.collectasampleofinfectedathletesforresearchB.收集受感染運(yùn)動(dòng)員的樣本進(jìn)行研究

C.lookintotheconditionsoffeetinEuropeancountriesC.調(diào)查歐洲國家人的腳部情況

D.findmeasuresforreducinghighratesoffootinfectionsD.找出降低高腳部感染率的方法

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位至原文第二段第一句和第二句“一項(xiàng)名為阿喀琉斯計(jì)劃的研究調(diào)查了來自18個(gè)歐洲國家的人的76,475雙腳?！保纱司渲小?8個(gè)歐洲國家的人的76,475雙腳”可知該計(jì)劃是為了C選項(xiàng)“調(diào)查歐洲國家人的腳部情況”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“作為全球腳部感染的篩查”，原文中只提及了歐洲國家的腳部感染情況，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“收集受感染運(yùn)動(dòng)員的樣本進(jìn)行研究”，在文中并未提及只收集了足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的樣本，屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“找出降低高腳部感染率的方法”，由后文可知此計(jì)劃是想找出感染的途徑，該選項(xiàng)并未提及，屬于無中生有。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

FromthedescriptionofTineapedisandOnychomycosis,wearesurethat（）.從足癬和甲真菌病的描述，我們確定____。

A.TineapedisaffectsathletesmorethanOnychomycosisA.足癬對運(yùn)動(dòng)員的影響大于甲真菌病

B.TineapedisandOnychomycosisarebothfungalinfectionsB.足癬和甲真菌病都是真菌感染

C.TineapedisisamoreseriousinfectionthanOnychomycosisC.足癬是一種比甲真菌病更嚴(yán)重的感染

D.Tineapedisismoresensitivetoanti-fungaldrugsthanOnychomycosisD.足癬對抗真菌藥物比甲真菌病更敏感

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位至原文第二段第二句“結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，26%的樣本患有足癬，也就是人們熟知的香港腳，而30%的樣本患有甲癬，一種會(huì)導(dǎo)致腳趾甲變厚、變色和變形的感染?！庇纱司湟约扒拔奶峒啊鞍⒖α鹚褂?jì)劃調(diào)查真菌感染”，可知這兩種病都是屬于真菌感染。所以B選項(xiàng)“足癬和甲真菌病都是真菌感染”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“足癬對運(yùn)動(dòng)員的影響大于甲真菌病”，在文中并未提及屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“足癬是一種比甲真菌病更嚴(yán)重的感染”，在文中沒有提及屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“足癬對抗真菌藥物比甲真菌病更敏感”，在文中并未提及屬于無中生有。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whichofthefollowingcanbesafelyinferredconcerningtheleisurecentersandswimmingpools?關(guān)于休閑中心和游泳池，下列哪項(xiàng)可以安全推斷出來？

A.Theycouldhelppeopleinonewayandharmtheminanother.A.它們可以以一種方式幫助人們，以另一種方式傷害他們。

B.Theydonotspreadinfectionsasmuchasotherpublicplaces.B.它們不像其他公共場所那樣傳播感染。

C.Theydonotperformadequatecheck-upsfortheirvisitors.C.他們沒有為來訪者進(jìn)行充分的檢查。

D.Theyareunlikelytospreadfungalinfection.D.它們不太可能傳播真菌感染。

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位至原文第三段第二句和第三句“想保持健康的人們經(jīng)常去的休閑中心和游泳池，被認(rèn)為存在潛在健康危害。公共淋浴間和更衣室是傳播足部和指甲感染的高傳染性真菌的完美溫床。”由這兩句可知休閑場所和游泳池可以使人們健康，也可以使人們感染真菌，即在健康方面幫助人們但是又容易讓人們感染真菌。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“它們不像其他公共場所那樣傳播感染。”，原文中并未將這兩個(gè)地方與其他公共場所進(jìn)行比較，屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“它們沒有為來訪者進(jìn)行充分的檢查?！?，文中沒有提及，屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“它們不太可能傳播真菌感染?！?，文中提到“公共淋浴間和更衣室是傳播足部和指甲感染的高傳染性真菌的完美溫床”，所以這兩處地方容易傳播真菌感染，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhatdidDr.Caputofindaboutfootballers?卡普托醫(yī)生對足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員有什么發(fā)現(xiàn)?

A.Theyplaytoomuchtokeeptheirfeetclean.A.足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員他們踢球太多，以至于不能保持腳的干凈。

B.Theyusuallydonotthrowawaycomfortableboots.B.他們通常不會(huì)扔掉舒適的靴子。

C.Theybelievesomeshoesmaybringthemgoodluck.C.他們相信一些鞋子可以給他們帶來好運(yùn)。

D.Theyoftensticktohigh-pricedshoesforscoringgoals.D.他們經(jīng)常為了進(jìn)球而選擇高價(jià)球鞋。

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到最后一段第三句“但皮膚科醫(yī)生卡普托還發(fā)現(xiàn)了另一個(gè)因素：由于迷信的原因，足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員通常不愿扔掉他們的舊靴子。”由此句可知C選項(xiàng)“他們相信一些鞋子可以給他們帶來好運(yùn)”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員他們踢球太多，以至于不能保持腳的干凈?！?，文中沒有提及，屬于無中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“他們通常不會(huì)扔掉舒適的靴子?！?，屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“他們經(jīng)常為了進(jìn)球而選擇高價(jià)球鞋?！?，屬于無中生有。

12.單選題

Manyofthesuccessfulmen,hadtheybeenabletochooseforthemselves,wouldhaveselectedsomequitedifferentprofessions（）theyhavemadefortunes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fromthatinwhich

B.fromwhich

C.inwhich

D.fromwhat

【答案】A

【解析】fromthatinwhich相當(dāng)于(differentprofession)fromtheprofessionsinwhichtheymakefortunesinsth“靠……致富”。只有A正確。

13.單選題

Ourshasbecomeasocietyofemployees.AhundredyearsorsoagoonlyoneoutofeveryfiveAmericansatworkwasemployed,i.e.workedforsomebodyelse.Todayonlyoneoutoffiveisnotemployedbutworkingforhimself.Andwhenfiftyyearsago"beingemployed"meantworkingasafactorylaborerorasafarmhand,theemployeeoftodayisincreasinglyamiddle-classpersonwithasubstantialformaleducation,holdingaprofessionalormanagementjobrequiringintellectualandtechnicalskills.Indeed,twothingshavecharacterizedAmericansocietyduringtheselastfiftyyears:middle-classandupper-classemployeeshavebeenthefastest-growinggroupsinourworkingpopulation,growingsofastthattheindustrialworker,thatoldestchildoftheIndustrialRevolution,hasbeenlosinginnumericalimportancedespitetheexpansionofindustrialproduction.

Yetyouwillfindlittleifanythingwrittenonwhatitistobeanemployee.Youcanfindagreatdealofverydubiousadviceonhowtogetajoborhowtogetapromotion.Youcanalsofindagooddealofworkinachosenfield,whetheritbethemechanist,tradeorbookkeeping.Everyoneofthesetradesrequiresdifferentskills,setsdifferentstandards,andrequiresadifferentpreparation.Yettheyallhaveemployee-shipincommon.Andincreasingly,especiallyinthelargebusinessoringovernment,employee-shipismoreimportanttosuccessthanthespecialprofessionalknowledgeorskill.Certainlymorepeoplefailbecausetheydonotknowtherequirementsofbeinganemployeeratherthanbecausetheydonotadequatelypossesstheskillsoftheirtrade;thehigheryouclimbtheladder,themoreyougetintoadministrativeorexecutivework,thegreatertheemphasisonabilitytoworkwithintheorganizationratherthanontechnicalabilitiesorprofessionalknowledge.

1.Itisimpliedthatfiftyyearsago（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,withthedevelopmentofmodernindustry,

（

）.

3.Accordingtothewriter,professionalknowledgeorskillis

（

）.

4.Fromthepassageitcanbeseenthatemployee-shiphelpsone（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.eightypercentofAmericanworkingpeoplewereemployedinfactories

B.twentypercentofintellectualswereemployees

C.thepercentageofintellectualsinthetotalworkforcewasalmostthesameasthatofindustrialworkers

D.thepercentageofintellectualsworkingasemployeeswasnotsolargeasthatofindustrialworkers

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.factorylaborerswillovertakeintellectualemployeesinnumber

B.thereareasmanymiddle-classemployeesasfactorylaborers

C.employershaveattachedgreatimportancetofactorylaborers

D.theproportionoffactorylaborersinthetotalemployeepopulationhasdecreased

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.lessimportantthanawarenessofbeingagoodemployee

B.asimportantastheabilitytodealwithpublicrelations

C.moreimportantthanemployer-employeerelations

D.asimportantastheabilitytoco-operatewithothersintheorganization

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.tobemoresuccessfulinhiscareer

B.tosolvetechnicalproblems

C.tobemorespecializedinhisfield

D.todevelophisprofessionalskill

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由“whenfiftyyearsago“beingemployed”meantworkingasafactorylaborerorasafarmhand,theemployeeoftodayisincreasinglyamiddle-classpersonwithasubstantialformaleducation,holdingaprofessionalormanagementjobrequiringintellectualandtechnicalskills.50年前，“受雇”意味著當(dāng)工廠工人或農(nóng)場工人，而今天的雇員越來越多地是受過正規(guī)教育的中產(chǎn)階級，從事需要智力和技術(shù)技能的專業(yè)或管理工作?！笨芍?0年前受雇人群以工人為主，技術(shù)類人才較少。故D項(xiàng)正確。C項(xiàng)原文內(nèi)容不符，AB項(xiàng)文中未提及。答案D

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第—段中“middle-classandupper-classemployeeshavebeenthefastest-growinggroupsinourworkingpopulation,growingsofastthattheindustrialworker…h(huán)asbeenlosinginnumericalimportancedespitetheexpansionofindustrialproduction.中產(chǎn)階級和上層階級雇員一直是我國勞