考研考博-英語-九江職業(yè)大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-九江職業(yè)大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Passage2Notalllanguageisverbal.Someofourcommunicationoccurswithoutwords.Weoftenuseourentirebodiesforcommunication.Wemayraiseoureyebrowstoindicatesurprise.Perhapswenodourheadstoshowthatweagreewithsomething.Therearehundredsofnonverbalsignalsthatcanbeusedtocommunicate.Thesesignalsarepartoflanguage,andtheyaregovernedbyrulesinthesamewaythatourspokenlanguageis.Forthisreason,peoplewhospeakdifferentlanguagesoftenusedifferentnonverbalsignalsaswell.

Inadditiontoverbalcommunicationandthetypeofnonverbalcommunicationdiscussedabove,thereareothermessagesystemsthatweusetocommunicate.Whenwespeaktosomepeople,wemaystandveryclosetothemwhilewemaystandfarawayfromotherpeople.Useofspace,then,isawaywecancommunicatetherelationshipwefeelwithanotherperson.Thewaywedresscanalsocommunicateforus.ThepersonwhowearsdirtyjeansandaT-shirtcommunicatesadifferentattitudefromapersonwhowearsneattrousersandanattractiveshirt.

Wecanevenusetimetocommunicate.Thepersonwhoisontimeforanappointmentshowsadifferentattitudefromthepersonwhoisanhourlate.Canyouthinkofothermessagesystemsthatweuse?

26.Language,accordingtothepassage,isactually______.

27.Nonverbalsignals______.

28.WhatdoestheauthortellusabouttheT-shirt?

29.Peoplewhodonotspeakthesamelanguage______.

30.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaformofnonverbalcommunication?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.verbalonly

B.verbalandnonverbalaswell

C.totallynonverbal

D.verbalcommunicationratherthannonverbalsignals

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.havefewrules

B.arelessusefulthanspeech

C.areoftenusedincommunication

D.areentirelyseparatefromlanguage

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itisakindofinformalclothing.

B.Itisacceptedonformaloccasions.

C.Itispopularoncampusonly.

D.Itisadmiredbyeducatedpeople.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.havenononverbalsignalsincommon

B.cannotunderstandanynonverbalsignals

C.havedifferentnonverbalsignals

D.usethesamenonverbalsignalsinanycase

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thoughts.

B.Time.

C.Appearance.

D.Space.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】26.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

26.Language,accordingtothepassage,isactually______.26.根據(jù)這篇文章，語言實(shí)際上______。

A.verbalonlyA.只是言語的

B.verbalandnonverbalaswellB.是言語的和非言語的

C.totallynonverbalC.是完全非言語的

D.verbalcommunicationratherthannonverbalsignalsD.是口頭交流而不是非言語信號

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段前三句內(nèi)容“并不是所有的語言都是口頭的。我們的有些交流是不需要言語的。我們經(jīng)常用整個(gè)身體來交流?！笨芍?，語言包括口頭語言和肢體上的語言，所以語言實(shí)際上是言語的和非言語的，故該題選擇B項(xiàng)“是言語的和非言語的”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“只是言語的”，并不是所有的語言都是口頭的，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“是完全非言語的”，語言包括言語和非言語，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“是口頭交流而不是非言語信號”，根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“這些信號是語言的一部分，它們和我們的口語一樣受到了規(guī)則的支配”可知，非言語信號也是語言，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

27.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

27.Nonverbalsignals______.27.非言語信號______。

A.havefewrulesA.沒有什么規(guī)則

B.arelessusefulthanspeechB.不如言語有用

C.areoftenusedincommunicationC.經(jīng)常用于交流

D.areentirelyseparatefromlanguageD.完全獨(dú)立于語言

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段第三句“我們經(jīng)常用整個(gè)身體來交流”可知，身體交流屬于非言語信號，也就是說非言語信號經(jīng)常用于交流，該題選擇C項(xiàng)“經(jīng)常用于交流”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“沒有什么規(guī)則”根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“這些信號是語言的一部分，它們和我們的口語一樣受到了規(guī)則的支配”可知，非言語信號也受到了規(guī)則的支配，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B項(xiàng)“不如言語有用”，文中沒有提到非言語信號不如言語有用，并且第一段第二句指出“我們的一些交流是不需要言語的”，所以該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“完全獨(dú)立于語言”文中沒有提到，該項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

28.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

28.WhatdoestheauthortellusabouttheT-shirt?28.關(guān)于T恤，作者告訴了我們什么？

A.Itisakindofinformalclothing.A.這是一種非正式的服裝。

B.Itisacceptedonformaloccasions.B.在正式場合是可以接受的。

C.Itispopularoncampusonly.C.它只在校園里流行。

D.Itisadmiredbyeducatedpeople.D.它受到受過教育的人的贊賞。

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第二段最后一句“穿臟的牛仔褲和T恤的人與穿整潔的褲子和漂亮的襯衫的人傳達(dá)的是不同的態(tài)度”可知，穿臟牛仔褲和T恤與穿整潔的褲子和漂亮的襯衫的人傳達(dá)了不同的態(tài)度，那么可推斷，穿T恤是一種非正式的服裝，而穿整潔的褲子和漂亮的襯衫則是正式服裝，該題選擇A項(xiàng)“這是一種非正式的服裝”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“在正式場合是可以接受的”與原文相反，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“它只在校園里流行”和D項(xiàng)“它受到受過教育的人的贊賞”文中沒有提到，這兩項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

29.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

29.Peoplewhodonotspeakthesamelanguage______.29.說不同語言的人______。

A.havenononverbalsignalsincommonA.沒有共同的非言語信號

B.cannotunderstandanynonverbalsignalsB.不能理解任何非言語信號

C.havedifferentnonverbalsignalsC.有不同的非言語信號

D.usethesamenonverbalsignalsinanycaseD.在任何情況下都要使用相同的非言語信號

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第一段最后一句“說不同語言的人也經(jīng)常使用不同的非言語信號”可知，說不同語言的人有不同的非言語信號，該題選擇C項(xiàng)“有不同的非言語信號”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“沒有共同的非言語信號”、B項(xiàng)“不能理解任何非言語信號”和D項(xiàng)“在任何情況下都要使用相同的非言語信號”文中沒有提及，這三項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

30.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

30.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaformofnonverbalcommunication?30.下列哪一項(xiàng)沒有被提到作為一種非言語交際的形式？

A.Thoughts.A.思想。

B.Time.B.時(shí)間。

C.Appearance.C.外表。

D.Space.D.空間。

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二三句“因此，利用空間是我們與他人溝通感情的一種方式。我們的穿著方式也可以為我們傳達(dá)信息?！保约暗谌蔚谝痪洹拔覀兩踔量梢杂脮r(shí)間來交流”可知，空間、穿著和時(shí)間都是非言語交際的形式，只有思想沒有提到，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)“思想”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“時(shí)間”、C項(xiàng)“外表”和D項(xiàng)“外表”都是非言語交際的形式，這三項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

2.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

ParadiseLostisMilton’smasterpiece.ItsstoryistakenfromtheBible,about“thefallofman”,thatis,howAdamandEvearetemptedbySatantodisobeyGodbyeatingtheforbiddenfruitfromtheTreeofKnowledge,andhowtheyarepunishedbyGodanddrivenoutofParadise.InMilton’swords,thepurposeofwritingtheepicisto“justifythewaysofGodtomen”,butapparently,Miltonisutteringhisintensehatredofcruelnessoftherulerinthepoem.BydepictingSatanandhisfollowersaswellastheirfieryutteranceandbraveactions,MiltonisshowingaPuritan’s（清教徒的）revoltagainstthedictatorandagainsttheestablishedCatholicsandtheAnglicanChurch.

InthepoemGodisnobetterthanacruelandselfishruler,seatedonathronewithagroupofangelsabouthimsingingsongstopraisehim.Hislongspeechesarenotpleasingatall.HeiscruelandunjustinpunishingSatan.Hisangelsarestupid.ButSatanisbyfarthemoststrikingcharacterinthepoem,whorisesagainstGodand,thoughdefeated,stillpersistsinhisfighting.

AdamandEveshowsMilton’sbeliefinthepowerofman.Goddeniesthemachancetopursueforknowledge.Itisthislongingforknowledgethatopensbeforemankindawideroadtoanintelligentandactivelife.IthasbeennotedbymanycriticsthatMilton’srevolutionaryfeelingsmakeshimforgetreligiousdoctrines.TheangelswhosurroundtheGodneverthinkofexpressinganyopinionsoftheirown,andtheyneverseemtohaveanyopinionsoftheirown.TheimageofGodsurroundedbysuchangelsresemblesthecourtofanabsolutemonarch.ButSatanandhisfollowers,whofreelydiscussallissuesincouncil,remindusofaRepublicanParliament.

1.Thispassageismostprobably（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,Milton（

）.

3.Inthepoem,Satanisdescribedas（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbeinferredfromthispassage?

5.Accordingtothispassage,ParadiseLostiswrittenforthepurposeof（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.areviewofMilton’sParadiseLost

B.anintroductionofwhatParadiseLostisabout

C.adepictionofthecruelnessoftheBritishruler

D.partofanintroductiontoEnglishliterature

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.describesSatanasaPuritan

B.doesn’tbelieveinGod

C.issatisfiedwiththeBritishruler

D.callsonpeopletofightagainstthedictator

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.anevilperson

B.contrarytowhatisdepictedintheBible

C.aselfishandcrueldevil

D.astupidghost

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.IfAdamandEvehadnoteatentheforbiddenfruit,humanbeingwouldbeignorantuntilnow.

B.Godactslikeadictator.

C.Satanandhisfollowersareparliamentmembersinthepoem.

D.Theangelsaredepictedasstupidinthepoem.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.praisingGodforthecreationoftheworld

B.criticizingthecruelnessofBritishruler

C.changingpeople’sunfavorableimpressionofSatan

D.expressinghissupportforthefightofSatan

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“彌爾頓《失樂園》的書評”；B選項(xiàng)“對《失樂園》內(nèi)容的介紹”；C選項(xiàng)“對英國殘暴統(tǒng)治者的描寫”；D選項(xiàng)“英國文學(xué)導(dǎo)論的一部分”。全文都是圍繞《失樂園》來展開的，第一段是對《失樂園》的簡介以及作者寫這本書的目的；第二段描述了上帝和撒旦的性格以及他們有什么現(xiàn)實(shí)象征；最后一段寫了亞當(dāng)和夏娃象征意義還表達(dá)了作者自己的看法。由此可見答案選A。

第2題:判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“彌爾頓把撒旦描述成了清教徒”；B選項(xiàng)“不信上帝”；C選項(xiàng)“對英國統(tǒng)治者很滿意”；D選項(xiàng)“號召人們反對獨(dú)裁者”。根據(jù)第二段第一句話InthepoemGodisnobetterthanacruelandselfishruler（在這首詩中，上帝不過是一個(gè)殘忍自私的統(tǒng)治者）以及第三段第一句AdamandEveshowsMilton’sbeliefinthepowerofman（亞當(dāng)和夏娃顯示了彌爾頓對人的力量的信仰），由此答案選B。A，D選項(xiàng)文章沒有提及，C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

第3題:判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“撒旦是壞人”；B選項(xiàng)“和《圣經(jīng)》描述的不一樣”；C選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)自私且殘酷的惡魔”；D選項(xiàng)“愚蠢的惡鬼”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第一段最后一句話BydepictingSatanandhisfollowersaswellastheirfieryutteranceandbraveactions,MiltonisshowingaPuritan’srevoltagainstthedictatorandagainsttheestablishedCatholicsandtheAnglicanChurch（通過描繪撒旦和他的追隨者們以及他們的話語和勇敢的行動(dòng)，彌爾頓表明清教徒反抗獨(dú)裁者和反對既定的天主教和英國圣公會(huì)教堂），從這里可以看出，作者對撒旦的行為是欣賞的，而A、C、D選項(xiàng)都是反義選項(xiàng)，所以答案選B。

第4題:判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“如果亞當(dāng)和夏娃沒有吃禁果，人類到現(xiàn)在還會(huì)無知”；B選項(xiàng)“上帝表現(xiàn)得像獨(dú)裁者”；C選項(xiàng)“撒旦和他的追隨者在詩中是議會(huì)成員”；D選項(xiàng)“在這首詩中天使被描繪得很愚蠢”。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段第二三句話Goddeniesthemachancetopursueforknowledge.Itisthislongingforknowledgethatopensbeforemankindawideroadtoanintelligentandactivelife.（上帝不給他們追求知識(shí)的機(jī)會(huì)。正是對知識(shí)的渴望為人類開辟了一條通往智慧和積極生活的寬闊道路），由此可以推測，如果不是人類自己努力，上帝是不可能主動(dòng)給他們帶來智慧的，所以A可以推測；定位到第二段第一句話InthepoemGodisnobetterthanacruelandselfishruler（在這首詩中，上帝不過是一個(gè)殘忍自私的統(tǒng)治者），從這里便可推測出B選項(xiàng)；定位到第三段最后一句話ButSatanandhisfollowers,whofreelydiscussallissuesincouncil,remindusofaRepublicanParliament（但是撒旦和他的追隨者，在會(huì)議中自由地討論所有問題，讓我們想起共和黨的議會(huì)）從這里我們不能推測出撒旦及其追隨者是議會(huì)成員，只能說作者暗指撒旦及其追隨者是現(xiàn)實(shí)中的議會(huì)成員，所以答案選C；定位到第二段倒數(shù)第二句話Hisangelsarestupid（他的天使很愚蠢），從這里就可以知道D。

第5題:判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“贊美上帝創(chuàng)造了世界”；B選項(xiàng)“批評英國統(tǒng)治者的殘暴”；C選項(xiàng)“改變?nèi)藗儗θ龅┑牟涣加∠蟆?；D選項(xiàng)“表達(dá)他對與撒旦戰(zhàn)斗的支持”。定位到第一段第二句話InMilton’swords,thepurposeofwritingtheepicisto“justifythewaysofGodtomen”，butapparently,Miltonisutteringhisintensehatredofcruelnessoftherulerinthepoem（用彌爾頓的話說，寫這部史詩的目的是“為上帝對待人類的方式辯護(hù)”，但顯然，彌爾頓在詩中表達(dá)了他對統(tǒng)治者殘忍的強(qiáng)烈憎恨），由此可知答案選B。A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)槿拿鑼懙氖菍ι系鄣呐?，沒有贊美上帝；C、D選項(xiàng)文中沒有提及。

3.單選題

ThismonthSingaporepassedabillthatwouldgivelegalteethtothemoralobligationtosupportone'sparents.CalledtheMaintenanceofParentsBill,itreceivedthebackingoftheSingaporeGovernment.

Thatdoesnotmeanithasn’tgenerateddiscussion.SeveralmembersoftheParliamentopposedthemeasureasun-Asian.Otherswhoacknowledgedtheproblemoftheelderlypoorbelieveditadisproportionateresponse.Stillothersbelieveitwillsubvertrelationswithinthefamily:cynicsdubbeditthe"SueYourSon”law.

Thosewhosaythatthebilldoesnotpromotefilialresponsibility,ofcourse,areright.Ithasnothingtodowithfilialresponsibility,itkicksinwherefilialresponsibilityfails.Thelawcannotlegislatefilialresponsibilityanymorethanitcanlegislatelove.Allthelawcandoistoprovideasafetynetwherethismoralityprovesinsufficient.Singaporeneedsthisbillnottoreplacemorality,buttoprovideincentivestoshoreitup.

Likemanyotherdevelopednations,Singaporefacestheproblemsofanincreasingproportionofpeopleover60yearsofage.Demographyisinexorable.In1980,7.2%ofthepopulationwasinthisbracket.Bytheturnofthecentury,thatfigurewillgrowto11%.By2030,theproportionisprojectedtobe2%.Theproblemisnotoldage.Itisthattheratioofeconomicallyactivepeopletoeconomicallyinactivepeoplewilldecline.

Butnoamountofgovernmentexhortationorpaternalismwillcompletelyeliminatetheproblemofoldpeoplewhohaveinsufficientmeanstomakeendsmeet.Somepeoplewillfallthroughtheholesinanysafetynet.

Traditionally,aperson'sinsuranceagainstpovertyinhisoldagewashisfamily.Thisisnotrevolutionaryconcept.NorisituniquelyAsianCareandsupportforone'sparentsisauniversalvaluesharedbyallcivilizedsocieties.

TheprobleminSingaporeisthatthemoralobligationtolookafterone'sparentsisunenforceable.Afathercanbecompelledbylawtomaintainhischildren,ahusbandcanbeforcedtosupporthiswife.But,untilnow,asonordaughterhadnolegalobligationtosupporthisorherparent.

In1989,anAdvisoryCouncilwassetuptolookintotheproblemsoftheageD.Itsreportstatedwithatingeofcomplacencythat95%ofthosewhodidnothavetheirownincomewerereceivingcashcontributionsfromrelations.Butwhataboutthe5%whoaren’tgettingrelativessupport?Theyhaveseveraloptions:(a)getajobandworkuntiltheydie;(b)applyforpublicassistance(youhavetobedestitutetoapply);or(c)starvequietly.Noneoftheseoptionsissociallyacceptableandwhatifthis5%figuregrows,asitislikelytodo,associetyages?

TheMaintenanceofParentsBillwasputforthtoencouragethetraditionalvirtuesthathavesofarkeptAsiannationsfromsomeofthebreakdownsencounteredinotheraffluentsocieties.Thislegislationwillallowapersontoapplytothecourtformaintenancefromanyorallofhischildren.Thecourtwouldhavethediscretiontorefusetomakeanorderifitisunjust.

Thosewhoderidetheproposalforopeningupthecourtstofamilylawsuitsmissthepoint.Onlyinextremecaseswouldanyparenttakehischildtocourt.Ifitdoesindeedbecomelaw,thebill'seffectwouldbefarmoresubtle.

First,itwillreaffirmthenotionthatitiseachindividuals-notsociety's—responsibilitylookafterhisparents.SingaporeisstillconservativeenoughthatmostpeoplewillnotobjecttothisideA.Itreinforcesthetraditionalvaluesanditdoesn’thurtasocietynowandthentoreminditselfofitscorevalues.

Second,andmoreimportantitwillmakethosewhoareinclinedtoshirktheirresponsibilitiesthinktwice.Untilnow,ifapersonaskedfamilyelders,clergymenortheministryofcommunityDevelopmenttohelpgetfinancialsupportfromhischildren,themosttheycoulddowastomediate.Butmediatorshavenoteeth,andachildcouldsimplyignoretheirpleas.

Buttobesuedbyone'sparentswouldbeamassivelossofface.ItwouldbeapublicdisgraceFewpeoplewouldbesothick-skinnedastosay:SueandbedamneD.ThehandoftheconciliatorwouldbeimmeasurablystrengtheneD.Itisfarmorelikelythatsomesortofamicablesettlementwouldbereachediftherecalcitrantsonordaughterknowsthatthealternativeisapublictrial.

ItwouldbenicetothinkthatSingaporedoesn'tneedthiskindoflaw.Butthatbeliefignoresthecleardemographictrendsandtheeffectofaffluenceitselfontraditionalbonds.Thoseofuswhopushedforthebillwillconsiderourselvesmostsuccessfulifitactsasanincentivenottohaveitinvokedinthefirstplace.

1.ThemaintenanceofParentsBill（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

3.Theauthorseemstosuggestthattraditionalvalues（）.

4.Theauthorthinksthatifthebillbecomeslawitseffectwouldbe（）.

5.Attheendofthepassage,theauthorseemstoimplythatsuccessoftheBilldependsupon（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.receivedallpeople'ssupportintheSingaporeParliament

B.wasbelievedtosolvealltheproblemsoftheelderlypoor

C.wasintendedtosubstitutefortraditionalvaluesinSingapore

D.waspassedtomaketheyoungmoreresponsibletotheold

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.FilialresponsibilityinSingaporeisenforcedbylaw

B.Fathershavelegalobligationstomaintaintheirchildren

C.Itisanacceptablepracticefortheoldtocontinueworking

D.TheAdvisoryCouncilwassetupin1990

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.playaninsignificantroleinsolvingsocialproblem

B.arehelpfultotheelderlywhentheysuetheirchildren

C.areveryimportantinpreservingAsianuniqueness

D.aresignificantinhelpingtheBillgetapproved

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.indirect

B.unnoticed

C.apparent

D.unclear

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.strictenforcement

B.publicsupport

C.governmentassurance

D.filialawareness

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文第一句“ThismonthSingaporepassedabillthatwouldgivelegalteethtothemoralobligationtosupportone’sparents.”，中文翻譯：“本月，新加坡通過了一項(xiàng)法案，賦予贍養(yǎng)父母的道義義務(wù)以法律效力。”因此，綜合考慮，選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文“Afathercanbecompelledbylawtomaintainhischildren.”，中文翻譯：“法律可以強(qiáng)迫一個(gè)父親撫養(yǎng)他的孩子?！币虼俗罴汛鸢笧锽選項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“TheMaintenanceofParentsBillwasputforthtoencouragethetraditionalvirtuesthathavesofarkeptAsiannationsfromsomeofthebreakdownsencounteredinotheraffluentsocieties.”，中文翻譯：“贍養(yǎng)父母法案是為了鼓勵(lì)傳統(tǒng)美德，這些美德至今使亞洲國家遠(yuǎn)離其他富裕社會(huì)遭遇到的衰敗?！庇纱丝梢酝茢喑龃鸢高x擇C。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“Ifitdoesindeedbecomelaw,thebill’seffectwouldbefarmoresubtle.”中文翻譯為：如果它真的成為法律，法案的效果將會(huì)更加微妙。”以及后文作者寫道贍養(yǎng)父母是個(gè)人的責(zé)任，并非社會(huì)的責(zé)任，但是有些人礙于情面，不得不重新考慮贍養(yǎng)父母的問題，可知，A項(xiàng)符合題目描述。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到原文最后一句“Thoseofuswhopushedforthebillwillconsiderourselvesmostsuccessfulifitactsasanincentivenottohaveitinvokedinthefirstplace.”，中文翻譯為：“我們這些推動(dòng)該法案的人將認(rèn)為，如果它能作為一種激勵(lì)，使其在一開始就不被動(dòng)用，那么自己是最成功的?！币虼司C合可知，D選項(xiàng)是其主要原因。

4.單選題

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Doingenjoyablework.

B.Earningacompetitivesalary.

C.Havingfriendlycolleagues.

D.Workingforsupportivebosses.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.20%.

B.25%.

C.31%.

D.73%.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thosefullofskilledworkers.

B.Thosethatarewellmanaged.

C.Thoserunbywomen.

D.Thoseofasmallsize.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theycanwinrecognitionoftheirwork.

B.Theycanbetterbalanceworkandlife.

C.Theycanhopfromjobtojobeasily.

D.Theycantakeonmorethanonejob.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】ConversationOne

W:WelcometoWorkplace,andintoday’sprogramwe’relookingattheresultsoftworecentlypublishedsurveys,whichbothdealwiththesametopic—happinessatwork.John,tellusaboutthefirstsurvey.

M:Well,thiswasdonebyahumanresourcesconsultancywhointerviewedmorethan1,000workers,andestablishedatop10ofthefactorswhichmakepeoplehappyatwork.[1]Themostimportantfactorforthemajorityofthepeopleinterviewedwashavingfriendly,supportivecolleagues.Infact,73%ofpeopleinterviewedputtheirrelationshipwithcolleaguesasthekeyfactorcontributingtohappinessatwork,whichisaveryhighpercentage.Thesecondmostimportantfactorwashavingworkthatisenjoyable.Thetwoleastimportantfactorswerehavingone’sachievementsrecognized,andrathersurprisingly,earningacompetitivesalary.

W:So,we’renotmainlymotivatedbymoney?

M:Apparentlynot.

W:Anyotherinterestinginformationinthesurvey?

M:Yes.Forexample,25%oftheworkingpeopleintervieweddescribedthemselvesas“veryhappy”atwork.However,[2]20%ofemployeesdescribedthemselvesasbeingunhappy.

W:That’squitealotofunhappypeopleatworkeveryday.

M:Itis,isn’tit?Andtherewereseveralmoreinterestingconclusionsrevealedbythesurvey.Firstofall,smallisbeautiful.[3]Peopledefinitelypreferworkingforsmallerorganizationsorcompanieswithlessthan100staff.Wealsofindoutthat,generallyspeaking,womenwerehappierintheirworkthanmen.

W:Yes,weare,aren’twe?

M:Andworkersonpart-timecontracts,whoonlywork4or5hoursaday,arehappierthanthosewhoworkfull-time.[4]Theresearchersconcludedthatthisisprobablyduetoabetterwork-lifebalance.

W:Arebosseshappierthantheiremployees?

M:Yes.Perhapsnotsurprisingly,thehigherpeoplegoinacompany,thehappiertheyare.Soseniormanagersenjoytheirjobsmorethanpeopleworkingunderthem.

1.Whatisthenumberonefactorthatmadeemployeeshappyaccordingtothesurvey?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問根據(jù)這項(xiàng)調(diào)查，讓員工快樂的首要因素是什么?錄音提及，大部分受訪者認(rèn)為，要有工作幸福感，最重要的因素是與友好的、能給予幫助的同事一起共事。C選項(xiàng)“與友好的同事共事”是錄音原文復(fù)現(xiàn)，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“從事令人愉快的工作”是男士提到的第二重要的因素，與題干不符，因此排除；B選項(xiàng)“獲得有競爭力的薪水”是調(diào)查得出的兩個(gè)最不重要的因素之一，因此也可排除；D選項(xiàng)“為能給予幫助的老板工作”，這里能給予幫助的應(yīng)該是同事而不是老板，與原文表述不符，因此不正確。

2.Whatisthepercentageofthepeoplesurveyedwhofeltunhappyatwork?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問在接受調(diào)查的人中，對工作感到不快樂的比例是多少?錄音中，男士提及，有25%的受訪者認(rèn)為自己在工作中“非常愉快”，而有20%的受訪者則認(rèn)為自己在工作中不愉快。因此，A選項(xiàng)“20%”正確。B選項(xiàng)“25%”是在工作中感到非常愉快的人群所占的比例；C選項(xiàng)“31%”錄音中沒有提及；D選項(xiàng)“73%”的對象與題干不相關(guān)，也可排除。

3.Whatkindofcompaniesarepopularwithemployees?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問什么樣的公司最受員工歡迎？錄音中，男士提及調(diào)查還得出幾個(gè)有趣的結(jié)論，其中一點(diǎn)是人們更喜歡去員工在100人以下的小規(guī)模機(jī)構(gòu)或公司工作。因此D選項(xiàng)“規(guī)模小的公司”正確。A選項(xiàng)“充滿熟練工人的公司”；B選項(xiàng)“管理得當(dāng)?shù)墓尽焙虲選項(xiàng)“由女性經(jīng)營的公司”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此可排除。

4.Whatisthepossiblereasonforpeopleonpart-timecontractstobehappier?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問簽訂兼職合同的人更快樂的可能原因是什么?錄音中男士提及，那些一天只需工作四五個(gè)小時(shí)的兼職人員，其幸福感要比那些全職員工高。研究人員得出的結(jié)論是：這可能是因?yàn)榧媛毴藛T的工作與生活有更好的平衡。B選項(xiàng)中的balanceworkandlife是錄音中work-lifebalance的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們可以贏得工作上的認(rèn)可”是對工作幸福感最不重要的兩個(gè)影響因素之一，與兼職人員的工作幸福感無關(guān)，因此排除；C選項(xiàng)“他們可以輕松地從一份工作跳槽到另一份工作”和D項(xiàng)“他們從事不止一份工作”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此也可排除。

5.單選題

The（

）effectsofmanyillnessesmadehimaweakmanandhestilldidn’twanttodosportseveryday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cumulative

B.formidable

C.eternal

D.prospective

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。cumulative“累積的”；formidable“可怕的，可畏的”；eternal“永恒的”；prospective“預(yù)期的，有希望的”。句意：多種病一齊發(fā)作使得他身體孱弱，但是他仍然不愿意去運(yùn)動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

Agreatamountofworkliasgoneinto（）theCathedraltoitsprevioussplendor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.refreshing

B.restoring

C.renovating

D.renewing

【答案】B

【解析】句意:大量的工作已經(jīng)投入,為了使這個(gè)大教堂恢復(fù)到其以前的華麗。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。refresh更新，使精力恢復(fù)，使得到補(bǔ)充；restore恢復(fù)，修復(fù)；restoreto使恢復(fù)到…；renovate更新，修復(fù)，革新，刷新；renew使更新，續(xù)借，復(fù)興。由題干中關(guān)鍵詞“toitsprevioussplendor到其以前的華麗”可知B項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

ActressAmandaByneswasconvictedof（）drivinginApril2012whenshecrashedintoanL.A.Countysheriff’sdeputy'scruiser.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.legitimate

B.juvenile

C.reckless

D.redundant

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)legitimate表示“合法的，正當(dāng)?shù)摹保籅選項(xiàng)juvenile表示“青少年的，幼稚的”；C選項(xiàng)reckless表示“魯莽的，不顧后果的”；D選項(xiàng)redundant表示“多余的，過剩的，失業(yè)的”。beconvictedof…表示“被宣判有罪”，由句意可知這位女演員因?yàn)轳{駛不當(dāng)而被判有罪，因此只有C選項(xiàng)詞義最符合句意。故本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

8.單選題

Ithasalwaysbeendifficultforthephilosopherorscientisttofittimeintohisviewoftheuniverse.PriortoEinsteinianphysics,therewasnotrulyadequateformulationoftherelationshipoftimetootherforcesintheuniverse,eventhoughsomeempiricalequationsincludedtimequantities.However,eventheEinsteinianformulationisnotperhapstotallyadequatetothejoboffittingtimeintotheproperrelationshipwiththeotherdimensions,astheyarecalled,ofspace.Theprimaryproblemarisesinrelationtothingswhichmightbegoingfasterthanthespeedoflight,orhaveotherstrangeproperties.

ExaminationoftheLorentz-Fitzgeraldformulasyieldstheinterestingspeculationthatifsomethingdidactuallyexceedthespeedoflightitwouldhaveitsmassexpressedasanimaginarynumberandwouldseemtobegoingbackwardsintime.Thebarriertoexceedingthespeedoflightisanapparentneedtohaveaninfinitequantityofmassmovedatexactlythespeedoflight.Ifthissituationcouldbeleapedoverinalargequantumjump-whichseemshighlyunlikelyformassesthatarelargeinnormalcircumstances-thentheothersidemaybeachievable.

Theideaofgoingbackwardsintimeisderivedfromtheexistenceofatimevectorthatisnegative,althoughjustwhatthismightmeantooursensesintheunlikelycircumstanceofourexperiencingthisstatecannotbeconjectured.Therehavebeen,infact,someobservationsofparticlechamberswhichhaveleadsomescientiststospeculatethataparticlecalledthetachyonmayexistwiththetans-lightpropertieswehavejustdiscussed.

Thedifficultiesofimaginingandcopingwiththesepotentialimplicationsofourmathematicalmodelspointsouttheimportanceofstudyingalternativemethodsofnotationforadvancedphysics.ProfessorZuckerkandl,inhisbookSoundandSymbol,hypothesizesthatitmightbebettertoexpresstherelationshipsfoundinquantummechanicsthroughtheuseofanotationderivedfrommusicalnotations.Tooversimplifygreatly,hearguesthatmusichasalwaysgivenparametersordimensions.Therefore,itmightbeamoreusefullanguageinwhichtoexpresstherelationshipsinphysicswheretimeagainhasaspecialroletoplay,andcannotbetreatedasjustanotherdimension.

Thepointofthis,oranyotheralternativetothecurrentmethodsofdescribingbasicphysicalprocesses,isthattimedoesn