考研考博-英語-常州信息職業(yè)技術(shù)學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-常州信息職業(yè)技術(shù)學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Neglecthasacceleratedtheprocessofthisbuilding’s（

）?

問題1選項

A.decline

B.egeneration

C.decay

D.wither

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。decline下降，衰退；degeneration退化，惡化；decay衰減，衰敗，腐爛；wither枯萎，凋謝。句意：疏忽大意加速了這座建筑物的衰敗。選項C更符合語境。

2.單選題

Tosurvive,psychologicallyaswellasphysically,humanbeingmustinhabitaworldthatisrelativelyfreeofambiguityandreasonablypredictable.Somesortofstructuremustbeplacedupontheendlessprofusionofincomingsignals.Theinfant,bornintoaworldofflashing,hissing,movingimages,soonlearnstoadaptbyresolvingthischaosintotoysandtables,dogsandparents.Evenadultswhohavehadtheirvisionorhearingrestoredthroughsurgerydescribetheworldasafrighteningandsometimesunbearableexperience;onlyafterdaysofeffortaretheyabletotransformblurandnoiseintomeaningfulandthereforemanageableexperiences.

Itiscommonplacetotalkasiftheworld"has"meaning,toaskwhat"is"themeaningofaphrase,agesture,apainting,acontract.Yetwhenthoughtabout,itisclearthateventsaredevoidofmeaninguntilsomeoneassignsittothem.Thereisnoappropriateresponsetoaboworahandshake,ashoutorawhisper,untilitisinterpreted.Adropofwaterandthecolorredhavenomeaning,theysimplyexist.Theaimofhumanperceptionistomaketheworldintelligiblesothatitcanbemanagedsuccessfully;theattributionofmeaningisaprerequisitetoandpreparationforaction.

Peopleareneverpassivereceivers,merelyabsorbingeventsofobvioussignificance,butareactiveinassigningmeaningtosensation.Whatanyeventacquiredinthewayofmeaningappearstoreflectatransactionbetweenwhatistheretobeseenorheard,andwhattheinterpreterbringstoitinthewayofpastexperienceandprevailingmotive.Thustheattributionofmeaningisalwaysacreativeprocessbywhichtherawdataofsensationaretransformedtofittheaimsoftheobserver.

Thediversityofreactionsthatcanbetriggeredbyasingleexperience-meetingastranger,negotiatingacontract,attendingatextileconferenceisimmense.Eachobserverisforcedtoseeitthroughhisowneyes,interpretitinthelightofhisownvalues,fitittotherequirementsofhisowncircumstances.Asaconsequence,everyobjectandmessageisseenbyeveryobserverfromasomewhatdifferentperspective.Eachpersonwillnotesomefeaturesandneglectothers.EachwillacceptsonicrelationsamongthefactsanddenyothersEachwillarriveatsomeconclusion,tentativeorcertain,asthesoundsandformsresolveintoa"temple"or"barn",a"compliment"or"insult".

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat（

）.

2.Inordertoassignmeaningtoanythingintheworld,oneneedsto

（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

4.Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthisarticleisto（

）.

問題1選項

A.theworldisbewilderingtotheinfantandtotheadultalike.

B.surgerywillrestoreameaningfulworldtothosewhoundertakeit

C.anyresponsetotheworldwouldbeimpossibleifmeaningwerenotfirstassignedtoit

D.theworldwillbedevoidofmeaningifpeoplefailtounderstandthespecialincomingsignals

問題2選項

A.haveafullknowledgeofthestructureoftheworld

B.transformtheincomingsignals,withthehelpofpreviousexperiences,sothattheycanserveone'sownpurpose

C.differentiateincomingsignalsthatareofsignificanceandthosethatarenot

D.beendowedwithcreativeness

問題3選項

A.Onlyvisualimagescanbeassignedmeaning

B.Incomingsignalsexistforthepurposeofconveyingmeaningtopeople

C.Anindividualmighthavetoadapthimselftothediversifiedexperienceinthisworld

D.Peoplemayhavedifferentresponsestothesameincomingsignal.

問題4選項

A.illustratethedifferentperspectivespeoplemaytakeininterpretinganexperience

B.showthatmeaningisbutasubjectivematter

C.demonstratehowwecanassignmeaningtotheworld

D.arguethatoneneedstohavesomeinsighttounderstandtheworld

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由第二段最后一句“Theaimofhumanperceptionistomaketheworldintelligiblesothatitcanbemanagedsuccessfully;theattributionofmeaningisaprerequisitetoandpreparationforaction.人類感知的目的是使世界變得可理解，以便成功地管理世界;意義的歸屬是行動的前提和準備。”可知C項“如果世界沒有提前被賦予具體意義，那么對于世界的任何反應(yīng)都是不可能的”正確。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。由第三段可知“whattheinterpreterbringstoitinthewayofpastexperienceandprevailingmotive.Thustheattributionofmeaningisalwaysacreativeprocessbywhichtherawdataofsensationaretransformedtofittheaimsoftheobserver.這是解釋者根據(jù)過去的經(jīng)驗和普遍的動機而得出的結(jié)論。因此，意義的歸屬始終是一個創(chuàng)造性的過程，通過這個過程，原始的感覺被轉(zhuǎn)化為符合觀察者的目標?！贝鸢窧

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。由第四段“everyobjectandmessageisseenbyeveryobserverfromasomewhatdifferentperspective.Eachpersonwillnotesomefeaturesandneglectothers.每個觀察者從不同的角度來看待每一個對象和信息。每個人都會注意到一些特征而忽略其他的?！笨芍狣項正確，答案D

第4題:主旨大意題。文章第一段就提到，世界必須被賦予具體的意義。以及第四段“everyobjectandmessageisseenbyeveryobserverfromasomewhatdifferentperspective.Eachpersonwillnotesomefeaturesandneglectothers.人們看待事物的視角和觀點不同，那么賦予事物的含義也會不同?！笨芍恼伦髡叩膶懽髂康氖潜砻魇挛锏暮x都是人賦予的，是主觀的東西。答案B

3.單選題

Doctorssaythatmoderatedrinkingcanhaveabeneficial（）onyourhealth.

問題1選項

A.impact

B.generation

C.disposition

D.dependence

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。impact“影響”;generation“一代，產(chǎn)生”;disposition“性情，處置”;dependence“獨立”。句意：醫(yī)生說適當喝酒對你的健康有有利影響。選項A符合題意。

4.單選題

Iamthankfultothecompanyforgivingmesuchachance,andIearnestlyhopethatIwill（）everyone’sexpectations.

問題1選項

A.boildownto

B.lookforwardto

C.liveupto

D.catchonto

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項boildownto“歸結(jié)為”；B選項lookforwardto“期待”；C選項liveupto“不辜負，做到”；D選項catchonto“理解，突然了解”。句意：我非常感謝公司給我這樣一個機會，并衷心希望我能_____大家的期望?？疾榱斯潭ù钆鋖iveuptoexpectation“不辜負……的期望”，這里表示“我能不辜負大家的期望”。因此C選項符合題意。

5.單選題

Hetoldmethatthenumberofstudentsattendingthemeeting（

）over100.

問題1選項

A.are

B.were

C.is

D.was

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他告訴我參加會議的學生人數(shù)超過了100人。

語法題。考查主謂一致。此句為賓語從句。賓語從句的主語為thenumber,因此其謂語動詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。而且主句的時態(tài)為一般過去時,所以賓語從句時態(tài)與主句保持一致。故選D。

6.單選題

Manynewspaperscommentedonthegovernment’s（）measurestobringdownthepriceofwheat,rice,sugar,andotheressentialcommodities.

問題1選項

A.feeble

B.limp

C.fragile

D.disabled

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項feeble“無效的；微弱的；虛弱的”；B選項limp“（性格）軟弱的；柔軟的，無生氣的”；C選項fragile“脆的；易碎的”；D選項disabled“殘廢的，有缺陷的”。句意：對于政府壓低小麥、大米、糖和其他必需品價格的無效措施，很多報紙進行了評論。結(jié)合此處語境，可知A選項正確。

7.單選題

FromthebeginningoftheRepublic,Americanshaveenjoyedaccusingthefirstmagistrateofkinglyambition.Sometimesseriouslybutmoreoftenderisively,thepresidentisdenouncedasawould-beking,subvertingtheConstitutionforpersonalends.FromGeneralWashingtontothepresentincumbent,thewielderofpowerhasusuallybeenregardedwithsuspicion,adisagreeablebutnotunhealthystateofaffairsforbothgovernorandgoverned.Fewpresidents,however,havebeenaccusedofwantingtoestablishfamilydynasties,ifonlybecausemostpresidentshavefounditimpossibletoselectasuccessorofanysort,muchlesspromotearelative.ButnowsomethingnewishappeningintheRepublic,andastheChinesesay,weareliving“ininterestingtimes”.

In1960,withtheelectionofthethirty-fifthpresident,thefamousambitionofJosephP.Kennedyseemedatlastfulfilled.Hehimselfhadcomealongwayfromobscuritytogreatwealthandprominence;nowhiseldestsurvivingson,accordingtoprimogeniture,hadgonethefulldistanceandbecomepresident.Itwasatriumphforthepatriarch.Itwasalsoasplendidmomentforatleasthalfthenation.WhatdoubtsonemayhavehadabouttheKennedyswereobscuredbythecharmandintelligenceofJohnF.Kennedy.Heappearedtobebeautifullyontohimself;hewasalsoontous;thereisevenevidencethathewasontothefamily,too.Asaresult,therewerefewintellectualsin1960whowerenotbeguiledbythespectacleofapresidentwhoseemedalwaystobestandingatacertainremovefromhimself,watchingwithamusementhisownperformance.Hewasanironistinaprofessionwheretheprizeusuallygoestotheapparentcomball.Withsuchamanaschiefofstate,allthingswerepossible.Hewould“getAmericamovingagain”.

Butthenmysteriouslythethingwentwrong.Despitefinerhetoricandwisecommentary,despitetheglamorofhispresence,wedidnotmove,andifhistoriansarecorrectwhentheytellusthatpresidentsare“made”intheirfirsteighteenmonthsinoffice,thenonecanassumethattheKennedyadministrationwouldneverhavefulfilledourhopes,muchlesshisown.Kennedywasofcourseill-fatedfromthebeginning.TheBayofPigsusedupmuchofhiscreditinthebankofpublicopinion,whilehisattemptsatsociallegislationwereresolutelyblockedbyamorethanusuallyobstructiveCongress.InforeignaffairshewasoverwhelmedbythemasterfulKhrushchevandnotuntiltheCubanmissilecrisisdidheachievetacticalparitywiththatslygambler.Hisadministration’soneachievementwasthetest-bantreaty,anencouragingfootnotetothecoldwar.

YettodayKennedydeadhasinfinitelymoreforcethanKennedyliving.Thoughhisadministrationwasnotasuccess,hehimselfhasbecomeanexemplarofpoliticalexcellence.Partofthisphenomenonisattributabletotherace’sneedforheroes,evenindeflationarytimes.ButmostlythelegendisthedeliberatecreationoftheKennedyfamilyanditsclients.Wantingtoregainpower,itisnownecessarytoshowthatonceuponatimetherewasindeedaCamelotbesidethePotomac,agoldenageforeverlostunlessasecondKennedyshouldbecomethepresident.Andso,toensuretherestorationofthatlovelytime,thepastmustbetransformed,dullfactstranscended,andthedeadheroextolledinfilms,throughmemorials,andinthepagesofbooks.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whenmanyconsideredKennedyasapresidentialcandidate,（

）.

2.DuringKennedy’spresidency,the“bankofpublicopinion”

（

）.

3.TheauthorbelievesthattheAmericanpublic’swarinessofitsleader’sambitionforpoweris

（

）.

4.TheauthornotesthatAmericahasnotdevelopedlastingpoliticaldynasties

（

）.

5.FromthedescriptionofJohnF.Kennedyinthisessay,wemightseehimasforeshadowingthemodernpopularityof（

）.

問題1選項

A.misgivingswerenullifiedbycharisma

B.hisinexperiencewasnotafactor

C.JosephP.Kennedy’sambitionswerefulfilled

D.theyfounditdifficulttodecidewhetherornottovoteforhim

問題2選項

A.overflowedbecauseoftheBayofPigs

B.constrainedafast-flowingriverofpopularcontentment

C.wasnegativelyaffectedbecauseoftheCongress

D.wasdepletedearly

問題3選項

A.prudent

B.jaundiced

C.indicativeofdisillusionment

D.quixotic

問題4選項

A.becauseofdisenchantmentwiththeKennedypresidency

B.becauseofcongressionaloversight

C.forwantofpresidentialheirs

D.forpragmatic,ratherthanpractical,reasons

問題5選項

A.meta-humorandrecta-analysis

B.populistpoliticalmovements

C.intellectualdisenchantmentwithAmericanpolitics

D.realitytelevisionshows

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:

1.判斷推理題。題干中“whenmanyconsideredKennedyasapresidentialcandidate”是指肯尼迪競選總統(tǒng)一事，因此答案也需要在相關(guān)內(nèi)容處找。第二段中第五句說到“WhatdoubtsonemayhavehadabouttheKennedyswereobscuredbythecharmandintelligenceofJohnF.Kennedy”，約翰?f.肯尼迪的魅力和智慧掩蓋了人們對肯尼迪家族的懷疑，也就是A選項“個人魅力抵消了疑慮”表述內(nèi)容。

第2題:2.事實細節(jié)題。題干中關(guān)鍵詞“bankofpublicopinion”出現(xiàn)在文章第三段第四句“TheBayofPigsusedupmuchofhiscreditinthebankofpublicopinion”，豬灣事件耗盡了他在公眾輿論銀行的大部分信用。且前一句最后提到了時間點“fromthebeginning”。由此可知，D選項“提前消耗”正確。

第3題:3.觀點態(tài)度題。題干中關(guān)鍵在于“美國公眾對其領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的權(quán)力野心保持警惕”，這一點在文章第一段第一、二句中做了表述，美國民眾對于當權(quán)者始終抱有懷疑的態(tài)度，或以嚴肅，或以嘲諷的語氣譴責當權(quán)者想要顛覆憲法做國王（回到封建時期）。并且作者對此給出了評論“…adisagreeablebutnotunhealthystateofaffairsforbothgovernorandgoverned”，對大家來說，這是一種令人討厭但并非不健康的狀態(tài)。對比四個選項，A選項prudent“謹慎的”；B選項jaundiced“有偏見的”；C選項indicativeofdisillusionment“醒悟的象征”；D選項quixotic“空想的”。綜合文意及選項可知A選項符合題意。

第4題:4.事實細節(jié)題。由選項可知，本題需要找原因。題干中關(guān)鍵信息“Americahasnotdevelopedlastingpoliticaldynasties（美國沒有發(fā)展出持久的政治王朝）”,出現(xiàn)在文章第一段“Fewpresidents,however,havebeenaccusedofwantingtoestablishfamilydynasties,ifonlybecausemostpresidentshavefounditimpossibletoselectasuccessorofanysort”，可知原因在于大多數(shù)總統(tǒng)發(fā)現(xiàn)難以選擇繼任者。因此C選項“因缺少總統(tǒng)繼任者”正確。

第5題:5.判斷推理題。文章第二段說到“Asaresult,therewerefewintellectualsin1960whowerenotbeguiledbythespectacleofapresident…”，肯尼迪在任時，大多數(shù)知識分子都為他著迷。第三段提到幻想破滅“thenonecanassumethattheKennedyadministrationwouldneverhavefulfilledourhopes,muchlesshisown”，肯尼迪政府永遠不會實現(xiàn)我們的愿望，更不用說他自己的了。由此可知，知識分子對美國政治不再抱有幻想，也就是C選項的內(nèi)容。因此C選項正確。

8.單選題

Ifyouintendusinghumorinyourtalktomakepeoplesmile,youmustknowhowtoidentifysharedexperiencesandproblems.Yourhumormustberelevanttotheaudienceandshouldhelptoshowthemthatyouareoneofthemorthatyouunderstandtheirsituationandareinsympathywiththeirpointofview.Dependingonwhomyouareaddressing,theproblemswillbedifferent.Ifyouaretalkingtoagroupofmanagers,youmayrefertothedisorganizedmethodsoftheirsecretaries;alternativelyifyouareaddressingsecretaries,youmaywanttocommentontheirdisorganizedbosses.

Hereisanexample,whichIheardatanurses’convention,ofastorywhichworkswellbecausetheaudienceallsharedthesameviewofdoctors.AmanarrivesinheavenandisbeingshownaroundbySt.Peter.Heseeswonderfulaccommodations,beautifulgardens,sunnyweather,andsoon.Everyoneisverypeaceful,politeandfriendlyuntil,waitinginalineforlunch,thenewarrivalissuddenlypushedasidebyamaninawhitecoat,whorashestotheheadoftheline,grabshisfoodandstompsovertoatablebyhimself.“Whoisthat?”thenewarrivalaskedSt.Peter.“Oh,that’sGod,”camethereply,“butsometimeshethinkshe’sadoctor.”

Ifyouarepartofthegroupwhichyouareaddressing,youwillbeinapositiontoknowtheexperiencesandproblemswhicharecommontoallofyouandit’llbeappropriateforyoutomakeapassingremarkabouttheinediblecanteenfoodorthechairman’snotoriousbadtasteinties.Withotheraudiencesyoumustn’tattempttocutinwithhumorastheywillresentanoutsidermakingdisparagingremarksabouttheircanteenortheirchairman.YouwillbeonsafergroundifyousticktoscapegoatslikethePostOfficeorthetelephonesystem.

Ifyoufeelawkwardbeinghumorous,youmustpracticesothatitbecomesmorenatural,includeafewcasualandapparentlyoff-the-cuffremarkswhichyoucandeliverinarelaxedandunforcedmanner.Oftenit’sthedeliverywhichcausestheaudiencetosmile,sospeakslowlyandrememberthataraisedeyebroworanunbelievinglookmayhelptoshowthatyouaremakingalight-heartedremark.

Lookforthehumor.Itoftencomesfromtheunexpected.Atwistonafamiliarquote“Ifatfirstyoudon’tsucceed,giveup”oraplayonwordsoronasituation.Searchforexaggerationandunderstatements.Lookatyourtalkandpickoutafewwordsorsentenceswhichyoucanturnaboutandinjectwithhumor.

1.Tomakeyourhumorwork,youshould（）.

2.Thejokeaboutdoctorsimpliesthat,intheeyesofnurses,theyare（）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatpublicservices（）.

4.Toachievethedesiredresult,humorousstoriesshouldbedelivered（）.

5.Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe（）.

問題1選項

A.takeadvantageofdifferentkindsofaudience

B.makefunofthedisorganizedpeople

C.addressdifferentproblemstodifferentpeople

D.showsympathyforyourlisteners

問題2選項

A.impolitetonewarrivals

B.veryconsciousoftheirgodlikerole

C.entitledtosomeprivileges

D.verybusyevenduringlunchhours

問題3選項

A.havebenefitedmanypeople

B.arethefocusofpublicattention

C.areaninappropriatesubjectforhumor

D.haveoftenbeenthelaughingstock

問題4選項

A.inwell-wordedlanguage

B.asawkwardlyaspossible

C.inexaggeratedstatement

D.ascasuallyaspossible

問題5選項

A.UseHumorEffectively

B.VariousKindsofHumor

C.AddHumortoSpeech

D.DifferentHumorStrategies

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.語義推測題。根據(jù)第一段第一句Ifyouintendusinghumorinyourtalktomakepeoplesmile,youmustknowhowtoidentifysharedexperiencesandproblems.（如果你想在你的談話中使用幽默使人們微笑，你必須知道如何識別共同的經(jīng)歷和問題。）和第三句Dependingonwhomyouareaddressing,theproblemswillbedifferent.（根據(jù)你的談話對象，問題會有所不同。），可知幽默最重要的是討論的問題，并且針對不同的人要用不同的問題，故C選項“向不同的人提出不同的問題”正確。A選項“利用不同類型的觀眾”和D選項“對聽眾表示同情”：根據(jù)第一段第二、三句，幽默必須與聽眾相關(guān)，是因為有助于同情聽眾從而親近聽眾，策略在于談?wù)摰膯栴}。B選項“取笑那些沒有條理的人”：文章沒有提到。因此C選項正確。

2.語義推測題。A選項impolitetonewarrivals“對新人無禮”；B選項veryconsciousoftheirgodlikerole“非常清楚他們神一樣的角色”；C選項entitledtosomeprivileges“有權(quán)享有某些特權(quán)”；D選項verybusyevenduringlunchhours“即使在午餐時間也很忙”。根據(jù)第二段第一句theaudienceallsharedthesameviewofdoctors（所有的聽眾都對醫(yī)生有相同的看法）和最后一句“Oh,that’sGod,”camethereply“butsometimeshethinkshe’sadoctor.”（“哦，那是上帝，”他回答說，“但有時他認為自己是一名醫(yī)生?！保┛芍谧o士眼中，醫(yī)生是神一樣的角色，故B選項“非常清楚他們神一樣的角色”正確。其他選項不符合題意。因此B選項正確。

3.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句it’llbeappropriateforyoutomakeapassingremarkabouttheinediblecanteenfood（你就適合對餐廳難以下咽的食物開玩笑），可知對公共服務(wù)開玩笑往往幽默效果很不錯，故D選項“經(jīng)常拿來開玩笑”正確，C選項“不合適做幽默主題”錯誤。A選項“使許多人受益”和B選項“是公眾關(guān)注的焦點”：文章沒有提到。因此D選項正確。

4.語義推測題。根據(jù)第四段youmustpracticesothatitbecomesmorenatural…inarelaxedandunforcedmanner…makingalight-heartedremark（你必須練習到更自然……用一種輕松和自然的方式……輕松愉快地說話），可知幽默需要傳達出自然和隨意，故D選項“盡可能隨意”正確。A選項“良好措辭”：措辭方面沒有提到。B選項“盡可能尷尬”：根據(jù)第四段第一句，尷尬需要避免，C選項“陳述夸張”：根據(jù)第五段第三句，夸張陳述不是必要條件。因此D選項正確。

5.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句ifyouintendusinghumorinyourtalktomakepeoplesmile（如果你想在談話間用幽默讓人發(fā)笑），后文通過原則和各種方法在講如何恰當?shù)厥谷税l(fā)笑，故A選項“有效運用幽默”正確。B選項“各式的幽默”，C選項“為演講增添幽默”，D選項“不同的幽默策略”是其中的一個方面或者細節(jié)，不足以概括全文。因此A選項正確。

9.單選題

Thedamagetomycarwas____intheaccident,butIhavealingeringfeareventoday.

問題1選項

A.insufficient

B.ignorant

C.ambiguous

D.negligible

【答案】D

【解析】

【選項釋義】

A.insufficient不充分的；不足的；不夠重要的B.ignorant（對某事物）不了解的；無知的

C.ambiguous模棱兩可的；含混不清的D.negligible微不足道的；不重要的

【答案】D

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：在這次事故中，我的汽車的損壞……，但即使在今天，我仍然心有余悸。根據(jù)邏輯，由后半句即使在今天我仍然心有余悸可以推斷，在這次事故中汽車的損壞是很小的，但是我一直很害怕。因此選D。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】在這次事故中，我的汽車的損壞微不足道，但即使在今天，我仍然心有余悸。

10.單選題

IhadvisitedthecapitalbeforealthoughmyfriendArthurhadnot,IfirstvisitedLondonasastudent,reluctantlyreleasedfromthebosomofatearfulmum,withatravelingtrunkstuffedfullofhome-madefruitcakesandwoollyvests.Iwasill-preparedfortheSpartanstandardsoftheSouth.Througheventhegrimmestpost-wardays,askidswehadploughedourwaythroughcornercutsofbeefandsteamedpuddings.SoyoucanimaginemydismaywhenIarrived,thatfirstday,atmyLondondigstobefacedwithaplateoftuna-pastesandwichesandathinsliceofcakeleftcurlingunderatea-towel.AndthatwassupposedtobeSundaylunch!

WhenIeventuallycaughtupwithmyextremelyirritatinglandlady,ImetwithavisionofsplendormoreinkeepingwiththeRoyalEnclosureattheracesthantheareainwhichshelived.Festoonedwithjewelsandfursandplasteredwithexclusivecosmetics,shewasawalkingadvertforBondStreet.

Now,wehaveanonetooelegantbutveryaptphraseforthisintheNorthofEngland,anditwastheonemyfriendArthurtodescribeLondonafterthreedaysthere:“Allfurcoatandnothingunderneath.”

Takeourhotel.Thereceptionareawasplushandinviting,theloungeanddining-roompoorenoughtostartArthurspeaking“properly”.Butjourneyupstairsfromonelandingtothenext,attheveneersofcivilizationfellawaybeforeyoureyes.Bythetimewereachedourroom,allpretensiontorefinementandcomforthaddisappeared.Thefurcoatwasoff(backinthebandsofthehirepurchasecompany),andwhatwewerereallyexpectedtoputupwithforasmallfortuneanightwasexposedinallitsshamefulnakedness.Itwaslittlemorethanagarret,ashabbyaffairwithpatchedandpeelingwalls.TherewasastainedsinkwithpipesthatgrumbledandmutteredallnightlongandanassortmentoffurnishingsthatwouldhavedisgracedHerMajesty’sPrisonService.Butthecrowningglorywastheviewfromthewindow.Apeekbehindthehandsomefacadeofourfabledcity,rankgardenschokedwithrubbish,allthedebrisoflifepiledagainstthebackdoor.Itwasagoodjobthewindowdidn’topen,becausefromitallarosetheunmistakableodoroftheabyss.

Arthur,whosemumstillpolishesherbackstepanddisinfectsherdustbinonceaweek,slumpedontothebedinasuddenfitofdepression.“Nevermind,”Isaid,drawingthecurtains.“Youcanwatchtelly.”Thiswasoneofthehotel’sluxuries,whichinthenewspaperadhadpersuadedusweweregoingtospendtheweekinstyle.Itturnedouttobeayellowingplasticthingwithapicturewhichrolledoverandoverlikeaflounderingfishuntilyoutookyourfisttoit.ButArthurwasn’tgoingtobeconsoledbyanycheaptechnologicalgimmicks.

Hewassurehisdadhadforgottentofeedhispigeonsandthathisdogswerepiningawayforhim.Hegrewhorriblyhomesick.Afteraterriblenightspenttossingandturningtoaceaselesscacophonyofpipesandfiredoors,traffic,drunksandlow-flyingaircraft,Arthursurfacednextdaylikeaclaustrophobicmole.Londonhadgotsquarelyontopofhim.Sevenmillionpeoplehadsatonhimallnight,breathedhisair,generallyfouledhislivingspace,andcomebetweenhimandthatdailyquotaofprivacyandpeacewhichpreventsusallfromdegeneratingintomadaxemenorreservoirpoisoners.

ArthurhadtobegotoutofLondonforawhile.

1.Whenthewriterfirstcametothecapital（）.

2.ThewriterwassurprisedatwhathereceivedforSundaylunchbecause（）.

3.ThelandladyseemedtoepitomizeaphraseusedintheNorthofEnglandtoindicatethatthingswere（）.

4.Theroomwhichthewriterandhisfriendweretoshare（）.

5.Thewriterfeelsthatinordertoremainsane,oneneedsacertainamountof（）.

問題1選項

A.hehadbeenveryreluctanttoleavehismother

B.hismotherhadnotwantedhimtoleavehome

C.hehadmadenopreparationsforhisjourneysouth

D.hehadsenthispossessionsonaheadinatrunk

問題2選項

A.foodhadalwaysbeenplentifulathome

B.hehadbeenusedtogrimmertimesathome

C.thingshadbeendifficultafterthewarupNorth

D.beefhadalwaysbeenavailablefromthebutcheronthecornerathome

問題3選項

A.tenderunderneaththesurface

B.vulnerabletotheoutsideworld

C.moreprofoundthantheyseemed

D.beautifulbutonlysuperficially

問題4選項

A.wasmoresuitedtohousingprisonersthanhotelguests

B.hadamagnificentviewfromoneofitswindows

C.hadadoorwhichprovidedaccesstoarubbishtip

D.wassituatedabovesomefoul-smellinggardens

問題5選項

A.physicalexercise

B.freshair

C.dailynourishment

D.breathingspace

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:文章第一段提到我第一次在倫敦旅行時還是個學生。那時候依依不舍地離開媽媽的懷抱，還提著一個裝滿家里做的水果蛋糕和羊毛背心的旅行箱。所以選項B符合題意。

第2題:文章第一段提到盡管是在戰(zhàn)后艱苦的日子，我們依然能吃到牛肉和蒸布丁，所以可以想象當?shù)谝惶斓竭_倫敦寓所吃的食物的沮喪心情。所以選項A符合題意。

第3題:推理判斷題。由題干定位至第三段。作者認為旅店女老板的裝扮非常俗氣，而他的朋友亞瑟在那里待了三天后對倫敦的描述是：“所有的都是毛皮外套，里面什么都沒有”（Allfurcoatandnothingunderneath）。而后面一段描述了豪華的接待區(qū)和破敗的休息室和餐廳以及閣樓水槽等，并說到文明的表象就在你眼前消失了（attheveneersofcivilizationfellawaybeforeyoureyes）。由此可知，豪華的外表下竟是破敗的內(nèi)在。因此D項“虛有其表”正確。

第4題:作者和他的朋友的房間并不比頂樓大多少，四周是斑駁的墻壁。有一個褪了色的水池，水管整夜響不停，擺放的幾件家具還比不上英國監(jiān)獄局的。所以選項A符合題意。

第5題:文章倒數(shù)第一段提到日常的隱私和平靜可以保護我們不會墮落成瘋狂的兇手（whichpreventsusallfromdegeneratingintomadaxemenorreservoirpoisoners），即一個人需要休息的場所和喘息的時間。所以選項D符合題意。

11.單選題

There（

）nootherChineseinthetown,hewascalledbyallthepeopletheresimplyas“theChinese”.

問題1選項

A.having

B.being

C.havingbeen

D.been

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。逗號后面的句子完整，因此空格處只能用非謂語動詞，此處是therebe句型，因此選項