考研考博-英語-成都工貿(mào)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-成都工貿(mào)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Thestatisticalfiguresinthatreportarenot（）.Youshouldnotrefertothem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.accurate

B.fixed

C.delicate

D.rigid

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。accurate“精確的”；fixed“確定的，固執(zhí)的”；delicate“微妙的，精美的”；rigid“嚴(yán)格的，僵硬的”。句意：那份報(bào)告中的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字是不精確的，你不應(yīng)該參考它們。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

Youshouldtryto（

）yourambitionandbemorerealistic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reserve

B.restrain

C.retain

D.reclaim

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。reserve意為“預(yù)定，儲存，保留”；restrain意為“抑制，壓抑”；retain意為“保持”；reclaim意為“開拓，開墾”。

句意：你應(yīng)該控制你的野心，更現(xiàn)實(shí)一點(diǎn)。

3.單選題

Peopleweresurprisedtofindthathehadtheabilityto（）everythinghewasinvolvedin.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.precede

B.dominate

C.pervade

D.denominate

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項(xiàng)precede“領(lǐng)先，在……之前”，指在次序或地位上先于或高于；B項(xiàng)dominate“控制，支配”，指施加決定性、引導(dǎo)性影響于……；C項(xiàng)pervade“遍及，彌漫”，D項(xiàng)denominate“為……命名；把……稱作……”。句意：人們驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，他有能力支配他所參與的一切。根據(jù)句意，該題選B正確。

4.單選題

Atsomedeeperlevel,wemaystillinstinctively____thekindofheroicbehaviorweclaimisforeigntous.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exaggerate

B.idealize

C.idolize

D.ignore

【答案】D

【解析】考查上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)exaggerate“夸張”；B選項(xiàng)idealize“理想化”；C選項(xiàng)idolize“極端崇拜”；D選項(xiàng)ignore“忽視”。句意：在更深層次上，我們可能仍然本能地____某種英雄行為，我們聲稱這種行為對我們來說是陌生的。根據(jù)“我們聲稱這種行為對我們來說是陌生的”推斷，我們應(yīng)該是熟悉這種行為，但卻說陌生，D選項(xiàng)ignore“忽視”最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

5.單選題

Wecanhardlyavoidmakinganymistakesinourwork____hardwetry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whatever

B.how

C.nomatter

D.however

【答案】D

【解析】考查狀語從句。此句為讓步狀語從句，根據(jù)后面的副詞hard可以判斷，答案只能從B和D選擇，D項(xiàng)however=nomatterhow，根據(jù)句意：無論我們多么努力，在工作中都會不可避免地犯錯誤，因此D更合適。

6.單選題

Shehastobevery______becauseshehasn’tmuchmoney.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.economic

B.economical

C.sparing

D.careful

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)economic“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的，經(jīng)濟(jì)上的”，B項(xiàng)economical“經(jīng)濟(jì)的，節(jié)約的”，C項(xiàng)sparing“適度的”，D項(xiàng)careful“仔細(xì)的，小心的”。根據(jù)后面的句子hasn’tmuchmoney“沒有太多錢”可知，空格部分表示“節(jié)省，節(jié)儉”符合語境。句意：她必須非常節(jié)儉，因?yàn)樗龥]有多少錢。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Notuntilthe1850s（

）inNewYorkseektorescuehistoricbuildingsfromdevastationoralteration.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.someconcernedcitizens

B.didsomeconcernedcitizens

C.somecitizensconcerned

D.whensomeconcernedcitizensdid

【答案】B

【解析】考查部分倒裝。句意：直到19世紀(jì)50年代，在紐約，一些憂心忡忡的市民開始尋求使歷史文物免遭毀壞或改變的方法。當(dāng)notuntil位于句首時，句子要部分倒裝，將助動詞放到主語前。

8.單選題

Accordingtosociologists,thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichapersonmaybecomerecognizedastheleaderofsocialgroupintheUnitedStates.Inthefamily,traditionalculturalpatternsconferleadershipononeorbothoftheparents.Inothercases,suchasfriendshipgroup,oneormorepersonsmaygraduallyemergeasleaders,althoughthereisnoformalprocessofselection.Inlargergroups,leadersareusuallychosenformallythroughelectionorrecruitment.

Althoughleadersareoftenthoughttobepeoplewithunusualpersonalability,decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryof“naturalleaders”.Itseemsthatthereisnosetofpersonalqualitiesthatallleadershaveincommon；rather,virtuallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup.

Furthermore,althoughitiscommonlysupposedthatsocialgroupshaveasingleleader,researchsuggeststhattherearetypicallytwodifferentleadershiprolesthatareheldbydifferentindividuals.Instrumentalleadershipisleadershipthatemphasizesthecompletionoftasksbyasocialgroup.Groupmemberslooktoinstrumentalleadersto“getthingsdone”.Expressiveleadership,ontheotherhand,isleadershipthatemphasizesthecollectivewell-beingofasocialgroup’smembers.Expressiveleadersarelessconcernedwiththeoverallgoalsofthegroupthanwithprovidingemotionalsupporttogroupmembersandattemptingtominimizetensionandconflictamongthem.Groupmembersexpectexpressiveleaderstomaintainstablerelationshipswithinthegroupandprovidesupporttoindividualmembers.

Instrumentalleadersarelikelytohavearathersecondaryrelationshiptoothergroupmembers.Theygiveordersandmaydisciplinegroupmemberswhoinhibitattainmentofthegroup’sgoals.Expressiveleaderscultivateamorepersonalorprimaryrelationshiptoothersinthegroup.Theyoffersympathywhensomeoneexperiencesdifficultiesorissubjectedtodiscipline,arequicktolightenaseriousmomentwithhumor,andtrytoresolveissuesthatthreatentodividethegroup.Asthedifferencesinthesetworolessuggest,expressiveleadersgenerallyreceivemorepersonalaffectionfromgroupmembers;instrumentalleaders,iftheyaresuccessfulinpromotinggroupgoals,mayenjoyamoredistantrespect.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingwaysbywhichpeoplecanbecomeleadersEXCEPT

3.Inmentioning“naturalleaders”inparagraphtwo,theauthorismakingthepointthat

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutleadershipcanbeinferredfromparagraphtwo?

5.Thepassageindicatesthatinstrumentalleadersgenerallyfocuson

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theproblemsfacedbyleaders

B.Howleadershipdiffersinsmallandlargegroups

C.Howsocialgroupsdeterminewhowillleadthem

D.Theroleofleadersinsocialgroups

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.recruitment.

B.formalelectionprocess.

C.specificleadershiptraining.

D.traditionalculturalpatterns.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.fewpeoplequalifyas“naturalleaders'

B.thereisnoproofthat“naturalleaders”exist.

C.“naturalleaders”areeasilyacceptedbythemembersofasocialgroup.

D.“naturalleaders”shareasimilarsetofcharacteristics.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Apersonwhoisaneffectiveleaderofaparticulargroupmaynotbeaneffectiveleaderofanothergroup.

B.Fewpeoplesucceedinsharingaleadershiprolewithanotherperson.

C.Apersoncanbestlearnhowtobeaneffectiveleaderbystudyingresearchonleadership.

D.Mostpeopledesiretobeleadersbutcanproducelittleevidenceoftheirqualifications.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ensuringharmoniousrelationship.

B.sharingresponsibilitywithgroupmembers.

C.identifyingnewleaders.

D.achievingagoal.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一句，“thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichapersonmaybecomerecognizedastheleaderofsocial…”，開篇點(diǎn)題，在美國有很多種方式成為某個團(tuán)體的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。所以主要闡述不同領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者在社會中的角色。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，在家庭、友誼小組或更大的群體中，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生的方式不相同，探討了每一種團(tuán)體的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生方式。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryof“naturalleaders”，數(shù)十年都沒有充足的證據(jù)來證明存在“天生領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.信息推斷題。考查對第二段文意的理解。文中提到只要一個人有特定的資質(zhì)就能成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。根據(jù)文章“anypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup”，可以成為特定團(tuán)體的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“…maydisciplinegroupmemberswhoinhibitattainmentofthegroup’sgoals.”，“…iftheyaresuccessfulinpromotinggroupgoals,…”根據(jù)這兩句可以得出，工具性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者更加注重目標(biāo)一些。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

9.單選題

Moneywages,interestratesandtaxpaymentshaveallbeenadjustedto______the10percentriseintheaveragelevelofprices.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.minglewith

B.pickup

C.tuckin

D.allowfor

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)minglewith“和……混合”，B項(xiàng)pickup“撿起，獲得，收拾”，C項(xiàng)tuckin“緊縮，塞入，盡情地吃”，D項(xiàng)allowfor“考慮到，慮及”。由Moneywages,interestratesandtaxpaymentshaveallbeenadjusted“貨幣工資、利率和稅收都進(jìn)行了調(diào)整”和the10percentriseintheaveragelevelofprices“平均價格水平10%的增長”可知，“獲得”符合語境。句意：貨幣工資、利率和稅收都進(jìn)行了調(diào)整，以加快平均價格水平10%的增長。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

（

）John,Ibegantotrustmyfeelingsandbegantobelieveinmyability.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Dueto

B.Obligedto

C.Byvirtueof

D.Thanksto

【答案】D

【解析】句意:由于約翰，我開始相信自己的感覺和能力。

短語辨析。Dueto因?yàn)?由于;Obligedto不得不(做),后面不接原因狀語;Byvirtueof由于,憑借;Thanksto幸虧,由于,可以引導(dǎo)原因狀語。故選D。

11.翻譯題

4.Whenpeoplefaceachallengetheysometimestalkabouttakingadeepbreathtofindcourageorstrength.Infact,theword“inspire”literallymeans“tobreathein”.Butevenwiththeinspirationofothers,it’sunderstandablethatwesometimesthinktheworld’sproblemsaresobigthatwecandolittletohelp.Onourown,wecannotendwarsorwipeoutinjustice,butthecumulativeimpactofthousandsofsmallactsofgoodnesscanbebiggerthanweimagine.

【答案】【參考譯文】

4.遭遇挑戰(zhàn)的人們有時會說，深吸一口氣，拿出勇氣和力量。事實(shí)上，“鼓舞”的字面意思就是“吸氣”?？杉幢闶艿剿斯奈瑁覀冇袝r還是發(fā)現(xiàn)，這個世界的問題太大，我們所做的不過杯水車薪，這是可以理解的。就我們自己而言，我們無法結(jié)束戰(zhàn)爭，掃蕩不公，可成千上萬微不足道的善行累加起來，卻能產(chǎn)生我們想象不到的影響。

12.單選題

Nick’snewnovelprovesheisn’tjustaflashinthe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sky

B.pan

C.house

D.dark

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。aflashinthepan“曇花一現(xiàn)，轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝，多用來形容某事持續(xù)時間短”。句意：尼克的新小說證明他并不是曇花一現(xiàn)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

12.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sheisn’tfeelingwell.

B.Sheisunderpressure.

C.Shedoesn’tliketheweather.

D.Sheisfeelingrelieved.

【答案】A

【解析】M:Areyouhavinganyproblemslikeweakness,fatigue,orheadaches?

W:Well,Icertainlyfeltundertheweather.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】常用習(xí)語。女士說Icertainlyfeltundertheweather，即她覺得身體不適。

14.單選題

Scientistshavedevelopedaslimmingdrugthatsuccessfullysuppressesappetiteandresultsinadramaticlossofweightwithoutanyapparentilleffects.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.科學(xué)家們己經(jīng)研制出了一種減肥藥,它能有效地抑制食欲,導(dǎo)致體重顯著下降而無任何明顯的不良反應(yīng)。

B.科學(xué)家們己經(jīng)開發(fā)出了一種減肥藥,它能成功地控制食欲,使體重顯著下降,同時有明顯的不良反應(yīng)。

C.科學(xué)家們己經(jīng)研制出了一種減食療法的藥,它能有效地抑制食欲,導(dǎo)致體重顯著下降而無任何明顯的不良反應(yīng)。

【答案】A

【解析】首先，“slimmingdrug”應(yīng)翻譯為減肥藥，沒有提及減食療法，所以首先排除選項(xiàng)C；根據(jù)“withoutanyapparentilleffects.”可知，應(yīng)該是沒有明顯的不良反應(yīng)，所以選項(xiàng)B錯誤。選項(xiàng)A翻譯最為準(zhǔn)確。

15.單選題

（）me,IthinkanEnglish-ChinesedictionaryismuchmorehelpfultoourstudythananallEnglishdictionary.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Asfaras

B.As

C.Asfor

D.Asregard

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。asfor“對……來說，就……而言”。句意：對我來說，我認(rèn)為一本英漢字典要比一本全英字典要好。根據(jù)句意可知C為正確答案。

16.單選題

Inyourteens,peer-groupfriendshipsmay（）fromparentsasthemajorinfluenceonyou.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.takecontrol

B.takeplace

C.takeup

D.takeover

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞組固定搭配。takeoverfrom“取而代之”。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

17.填空題

Peoplearemostlikelytosaytheyhavebeendreamingiftheyareawakenedduringaperiodofso-calledrapideyemovement,atthistimedistinctivechangesinbrainactivityareobservable.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Dthis改為which

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】從句。

【解題思路】D部分引導(dǎo)定語從句，對rapideyemovement進(jìn)行修飾，D部分在從句中充當(dāng)狀語，this不能引導(dǎo)從句，which代表物，可以在這里引導(dǎo)從句。

【句意】如果人們在所謂的眼球快速運(yùn)動時期醒來，可以觀察到大腦活動的顯著變化，那么他們最有可能說自己一直在做夢。

18.單選題

Henrywastheonlyonewhoknewhowtocookbecausehehad_______inthekitchenwhenhewasaboy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.helpedabout

B.helpedout

C.helpedwith

D.helpedup

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)“helpedabout”意為“就……幫忙”；B選項(xiàng)“helpedout”意為“幫助……擺脫困難；幫忙”；C選項(xiàng)“helpedwith”意為“幫某人做……；在某方面幫助”；D選項(xiàng)“helpedup”意為“把（某人）扶起來，幫助（某人）往上搬東西”。句意：亨利是唯一會做飯的人，因?yàn)樗r候在廚房里幫過忙。由題干可知，Henrywastheonlyonewhoknewhowtocook（亨利是唯一會做飯的人），所以可以推測出亨利小時候在廚房幫過忙。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.單選題

Forgatheringdataaboutindividualsorgroupsatdifferentdevelopmentallevels,researcherscanusetworelatedresearchdesigns:longitudinalandcross-sectional.

Alongitudinalstudyisonethatmeasuresabehaviororacharacteristicofanindividualoveraperiodoftime,perhapsdecades.AnexampleofsuchastudyistheBerkeleyGrowthStudybegunin1928byNancyBayley.Thestudyfocusedonagroupof74white,middleclassnewborns.Astheygrewolder,extensivemeasuresoftheirintellectual,personality,andmotordevelopmentwererecorded.Thesubjectswerestudiedformorethanthirtyyears.

Thelongitudinalresearchdesignisapowerfultechniqueforseekingunderstandingsoftheeffectsofearlyexperiencesonlaterdevelopment.Also,differencesinorstabilityofbehaviorsorcharacteristicsatdifferentagescanbedetermined.Longitudinalstudies,however,areexpensivetoconduct,time-consuming,andheavilycontingent

onthepatienceandpersistenceoftheresearchers.Thefindingsofalongitudinalstudymaybejeopardizedbyrelocationofsubjectstoanotherpartofthecountryandbyboredomorirritationatrepeatedtesting.Anotherdisadvantageisthatsocietychangesfromonetimetoanotherandthesubjectsparticipatinginthestudyreflecttosomedegreesuchchanges.Themethodsofstudyorthequestionsguidingtheresearchersmayalsochangefromonetimetoanother.Ifproperlyconducted,however,longitudinalstudiescanproduceuseful,directinformationaboutdevelopment.

Across-sectionalstudyisoneinwhichsubjectsofdifferingagesareselectedandcomparedonaspecificbehaviororcharacteristic.Theyarealikewithrespecttosocioeconomicstatus,sex,oreducationallevel.Forexample,aresearchermaybeinterestedinlookingatchangesinintelligenceoverathirty-yearperiod.Threegroupsofsubjects,agesten,twenty,andthirty,maybeselectedandtested.Conclusionsaredrawnfromthetestdata.

Thecross-sectionalresearchdesignhastheclearadvantageofbeinglessexpensivetoconductandcertainlylesstime-consuming.Themajordisadvantageisthatdifferentindividualswhomakeupthestudysamplehavenotbeenobservedovertime.Noinformationaboutpastinfluencesondevelopmentoraboutage-relatedchangesissecured.Likelongitudinalstudies,thecross-sectionalmethodscannoterasethegenerationalinfluencethatexistswhensubjectsstudiedarebornatdifferenttime.Psychologistsarenowbeginningtouseanapproachthatcombineslongitudinalandcross-sectionalresearchmethods.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthedisadvantagesofalongitudinalresearch?

2.Theword"contingent"inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans______.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

4.Oneofthedifferencesbetweencross-sectionalresearchandlongitudinalresearchisthat______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thesubjectsmaybecomeirritatedatrepeatedtesting.

B.Theparticipantsinthestudymaynotstayinoneplaceformanyyears.

C.Thebehaviorofasubjectinthestudymaybemeasuredcontinuouslyformanyyears.

D.Socialchangesmaybereflectedinthebehaviorsofthesubjectsparticipatinginthestudy.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.dependent

B.consecutive

C.determined

D.continual

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thesubjectsinacross-sectionalresearcharenotofthesameagegroup.

B.Themethodsofstudyinlongitudinalresearchwillnotchangeovertime.

C.Longitudinalresearchisreliableonlyinseekingunderstandingsoftheeffectsofearlyexperiencesonlaterdevelopment.

D.Cross-sectionalmethodsarenotusuallyadoptedinstudying,forexample,thechangesinintelligenceoverathirty-yearperiod.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thelatterusuallyfocusesononlyonesubject,whiletheformerinvolvesgroupsofsubjects

B.theformercanbefreefromtheinfluenceofsocialchanges

C.thelattercanbefreefromtheinfluenceofsocialchanges

D.theformercostslessmoneyandtakeslesstime

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。題干：下列哪項(xiàng)不是縱向研究的缺點(diǎn)之一？文章第二段說到縱向研究的特點(diǎn)和有點(diǎn)，第三段說到了縱向研究的缺點(diǎn)。第二段第一句“Alongitudinalstudyisonethatmeasuresabehaviororacharacteristicofanindividualoveraperiodoftime,perhapsdecades”與C選項(xiàng)符合。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.詞義題。由詞語定位到第三句，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知“contingent”是并列謂語之一。前半句說到縱向研究費(fèi)用高、耗時長，因此要依靠耐心和毅力才能堅(jiān)持下來。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。題干：下列哪個陳述是正確的？此類題只可通過選項(xiàng)定位。C選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了絕對詞“only”，表示“縱向研究只有在尋求對早期經(jīng)驗(yàn)對后期發(fā)展的影響的理解時才是可靠的”，過于絕對化，因此排除；第三段中“themethodsofstudyorthequestionsguidingtheresearchersmayalsochangefromonetimetoanother”說明B選項(xiàng)錯誤；第四段中“threegroupsofsubjects,ageten,twenty,andthirty,maybeselectedandtested”說明D選項(xiàng)錯誤。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：橫向和縱向研究的區(qū)別之一是______。由題干定位到文章第四、五段，第五段第一句提到“Thecross-sectionalresearchdesignhastheclearadvantageofbeinglessexpensivetoconductandcertainlylesstime-consuming”，即與D選項(xiàng)的lessmoney一致。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

20.單選題

Asawisemanoncesaid,weareallultimatelyalone.ButanincreasingnumberofEuropeansarechoosingtobesoataneverearlierage.Thisisn’tthestuffofgloomyphilosophicalcontemplations,butafactofEurope’sneweconomiclandscape,embracedbysociologists,real-estatedevelopers,andadexecutivesalike.Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe“irresistiblemomentumofindividualism”overthelastcentury.Thecommunicationsrevolution,theshiftfromabusinesscultureofstabilitytooneofmobilityandthemassentryofwomenintotheworkforcehavegreatlywreakedhavoconEuropeans’privatelives.

Europe’sneweconomicclimatehaslargelyfosteredthetrendtowardindependence.Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonescameofageduringEurope’sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmericanstylecapitalism.Raisedinaneraofprivatizationandincreasedconsumerchoice,today’stech-savvyworkershaveembracedafreemarketinloveaswellaseconomics.ModemEuropeansarerichenoughtoaffordtolivealone,andtemperamentallyindependentenoughtowanttodoso.

Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalonetendedtobethoseoneithersideofmarriage-twentysomethingprofessionalsorwidowedseniorcitizens.Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupalargeproportionofthoselivingalone,thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice.Livingalonewasconceivedtobenegative-darkandcold,whilebeingtogethersuggestedwarmthandlight.Butthencamealongtheideaofsingles.Theywereyoung,beautiful,strong!Now,youngpeoplewanttolivealone.

Theboomingeconomymeanspeopleareworkingharderthanever.Andthatdoesn’tleavemuchroomforrelationships.PimpiArroyo,a35-year-oldcomposerwholivesaloneinahouseinParis,sayshehasn’tgottimetogetlonelybecausehehastoomuchwork.“Ihavedeadlineswhichwouldmakelifewithsomeoneelsefairlydifficult.”O(jiān)nlyanIdealWomanwouldmakehimchangehislifestyle,hesays.Kaufmann,authorofarecentbookcalled“TheSingleWomanandPrinceCharming,thinksthisfiercenewindividualismmeansthatpeopleexpectmoreandmoreofmates,sorelationshipsdon'tlastlong-iftheystartatall.Eppendorf,ablondBerlinerwithadeeptan,teachesgradeschoolinthemornings.Intheafternoonshesunbathesorsleeps,restingupforgoingdancing.Justshyof50,shesaysshe’dneverhavewantedtodowhathermotherdid-giveupacareertoraiseafamily.Instead,“I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.”

1.MoreandmoreyoungEuropeansremainsinglebecause（

）.

2.WhatissaidaboutEuropeansocietyinthepassage?

3.AccordingtoParagraph3,thenewestgroupofsinglesare

（

）.

4.TheauthorquotesEppendorftoshowthat

（

）.

5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyaredrivenbyanoverwhelmingsenseofindividualism

B.theyhaveenteredtheworkforceatamuchearlierage

C.theyhaveembracedabusinesscultureofstability

D.theyarepessimisticabouttheireconomicfuture

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Ithasfosteredthetrendtowardssmallfamilies.

B.ItisgettingclosertoAmerican-stylecapitalism.

C.Ithaslimitedconsumerchoicedespiteafreemarket.

D.Itisbeingthreatenedbyirresistibleprivatization.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.warmandlighthearted

B.oneithersideofmarriage

C.negativeandgloomy

D.healthyandwealthy

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.somemodemwomenpreferalifeofindividualfreedom

B.thefamilyisnolongerthebasicunitofsocietyinpresent-dayEurope

C.someprofessionalpeoplehavetoomuchworktodotofeellonely

D.mostEuropeansconceivelivingasinglelifeasunacceptable

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Toreviewtheimpactofwomenbecominghighearners

B.Tocontemplatethephilosophyunderlyingindividualism.

C.Toexaminethetrendofyoungpeoplelivingalone.

D.Tostresstherebuildingofpersonalrelationships

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartoftheirresistiblemomentumofindividualism"overthelastcentury(從家庭生活向獨(dú)身生活方式的轉(zhuǎn)變是上個世紀(jì)“不可抗拒的個人主義勢頭”的一部分)。故選A(他們受到強(qiáng)烈的個人主義意識驅(qū)使)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonescameofageduringEurope'sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmericanstylecapitalism(當(dāng)代獨(dú)自生活的這一代人的成長時期正是歐洲從社會民主政治過渡到更精明、更個性化的美國風(fēng)格的資本主義氣候的時期)。因此B項(xiàng)(接近美國風(fēng)格的資本主義)正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位至第三段:Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupalargeproportionofthoselivingalone,thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice(雖然領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金的人，特別是老年婦女，在獨(dú)居者中占很大比例，但最新的單身人群是30多歲和40多歲的高收入者，他們越來越把獨(dú)居視為一種生活方式選擇),因此選D:最新的單身人群是healthyandwealthy(健康富有)。

4.判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞Eppendorf定位至最后一段:shesaysshe'dneverhavewantedtodowhathermotherdid-giveupacareertoraiseafamily.Instead,I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife(她從未想要去做她母親所做的一切一一為了照顧家庭，撫育兒女而放棄事業(yè)。我已做了并一直在做想做的事：過一種自主的生活)。由此可知,A項(xiàng)(一些現(xiàn)代女性更喜歡個人自由的生活)正確。

5.作者意圖題。本文主要寫的是新一代的年輕人受到社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響越來越趨向于個人獨(dú)居生活，尤其是歐洲青年單身化趨勢的原因。故C項(xiàng)(探討年輕人獨(dú)居趨勢)比較能概括作者的寫作目的。

21.單選題

Thedefencelawyerwasquestioningtheoldmanwhowasoneofthe（）ofthemurdercommittedlastmonth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.witnesses

B.audiences

C.viewers

D.observers

【答案】A

【解析】句意：辯護(hù)律師正在詢問上個月謀殺案的目擊者之一的老人。witnesses表示目擊者，符合句意。

22.單選題

Millionshavebeenmadebystates,organizations,corporationsandindividuals（）gamblingactivities,andnewmillionairesareconstantlybeingcreated.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sponsoring

B.promoting

C.guaranteeing

D.founding

【答案】A

【解析】考查分詞。A:sponsoring“贊助；支持”；B:promoting“促進(jìn)，晉升”；C:guaranteeing“保證，擔(dān)保”；D:founding“創(chuàng)辦”。句意：組織賭博活動的州府、組織、公司及個人賺了數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的錢，新的百萬富翁在不斷地出現(xiàn)。賭博活動和州、政府等之間是“發(fā)起、組織”的關(guān)系，結(jié)合此處語境，A為正確答案。

23.單選題

Ifyourepeatedlyfindyourself_______oragreeingtorequestsyouarereluctanttofulfillandfeelingunhappyabout,youmightwanttolookatsomereasonswhyyousayyeswhenyouprefertosayno.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.abstaining

B.acquiescing

C.accommodating

D.articulating

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“abstaining”意為“（投票時）棄權(quán)；回避；自制”；B選項(xiàng)“acquiescing”意為“默許；勉強(qiáng)同意”；C選項(xiàng)“accommodating”意為“容納；使適應(yīng)；供應(yīng)；調(diào)解”；D選項(xiàng)“articulating”意為“清晰地發(fā)（音）；明確有力地表達(dá)；用關(guān)節(jié)連接；使相互連貫”。句意：如果你不斷地發(fā)現(xiàn)自己默許或同意那些你不愿去滿足或感到不開心的要求，你可能想看看為什么你在更想說不的時候卻說“是”的原因。由題干可知，or是并列連詞表選擇，說明橫線處與agreeing（同意）意思相近，acquiescing有默許，勉強(qiáng)同意的意思。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

24.單選題

WhenStevenfinallyemergedfromthecaveafterthirtydays,everyonepresentwas（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.smuggled

B.startled

C.appealed

D.stabilized

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)smuggle“走私，偷運(yùn)”；B選項(xiàng)startle“使驚奇，使嚇一跳”；C選項(xiàng)appeal“呼吁”；D選項(xiàng)stabilize“使穩(wěn)固，使安定”。

句意：當(dāng)史蒂文30天后終于從山洞里出來時，在場的人都嚇了一跳。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

25.單選題

Theextracostoftravellingtoworkis（

）bythelowerpriceofhouseshere.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.compensated

B.mended

C.offset

D.covered

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。compensate“補(bǔ)償”；mend“修改”；offset“抵消，補(bǔ)償”；cover“掩蔽，遮蓋”。句意：這些廉價的房價抵消了那些去遠(yuǎn)處上班的費(fèi)用。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

26.單選題

Thedoctoristryingtosavethepatientbyevery______means.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.imaginative

B.imaginary

C.imaginable

D.imagination

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)imaginative“富于想象的；有創(chuàng)造力的”；B選項(xiàng)imagi