中考英語語法第6講-被動(dòng)語態(tài) 中考英語四輪復(fù)習(xí)法市公開課一等獎(jiǎng)省名師優(yōu)質(zhì)課賽課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

易學(xué)生動(dòng)詳細(xì)中考英語語法被動(dòng)語態(tài)育英科技王衡老師被動(dòng)語態(tài)與狀態(tài)區(qū)分教學(xué)目標(biāo)被動(dòng)語態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)（現(xiàn)在、過去、情態(tài)）哪些詞不能用于被動(dòng)被動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)修飾基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)一、什么是被動(dòng)語態(tài)？英語中時(shí)態(tài)很多，但語態(tài)不多，只有兩種，即：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。假如主語是動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者，使用主動(dòng)語態(tài)；假如主語是動(dòng)作承受者，則使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。1.定義：被動(dòng)語態(tài)，即不知道動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者或強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作承受者一個(gè)語態(tài)。2.被動(dòng)語態(tài)組成：被字句：主語+be+動(dòng)詞過去分詞(v-ed)+bysb.我打他Ibeathim.(打過了)他被我打=他打被我Hewasbeatenbyme.他喜歡她Helikesher.她喜歡被他Sheislikedbyhim.(am/is/are).被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)是由be動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)決定，be動(dòng)詞是什么時(shí)態(tài)，全句就是什么時(shí)態(tài)，be動(dòng)詞后面過去分詞不變。學(xué)好被動(dòng)語態(tài)兩個(gè)基礎(chǔ)條件一、每種時(shí)態(tài)be動(dòng)詞形式。二、不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。主動(dòng)語態(tài)be謂語形式總結(jié)(1)主+am/is/are…主+am/is/are+being主+will+be…主+hasbeen…Heisaleader.Heisbeinghere.Hewillbealeader.Hehasbeenaleader.主動(dòng)語態(tài)be謂語形式總結(jié)(2)主+was/were…主+was/were+being主+would+be…主+hadbeen…Hewasaleader.Hewasbeingherejustnow.Hewouldbealeader.Hehadbeenaleaderseveralyearsago.被動(dòng)語態(tài):主+be+過去分詞+(bysb)1.Heeatstheapple.2.Heatetheapple.3.Heiseatingtheapple.4.Hewaseatingtheapple.5.Hewilleattheapple.6.Hewouldeattheapple.7.Hehaseatentheapple.8.Hehadeatentheapple.1.Theappleiseatenbyhim.2.Theapplewaseatenbyhim.3.Theappleisbeingeatenbyhim.4.Theapplewasbeingeatenbyhim.5.Theapplewillbeeatenbyhim.6.Theapplewouldbeeatenbyhim.7.Theapplehasbeeneatenbyhim.8.Theapplehadbeeneatenbyhim.三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語態(tài)他兒子一定照料這個(gè)人。Hissonmusttakecareoftheperson.這個(gè)人一定要由他兒子照料=即這個(gè)人一定照料由他兒子。Thepersonmustbetakencareofbyhisson.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面直接加上be動(dòng)詞即可。組成：主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can,may,must)+be(永遠(yuǎn)是原形)+過去分詞+bysb.1.Youmustdothisassoonaspossible.2.Icanuseit.3.Youshouldbuyadictionary.4.Sheoughttocleanherbedroom.5.Theyneedlookafterthelittlechild.6.Wecanchangewaterintoice.1.Thismustbedoneassoonaspossible(byyou).2.Itcanbeused.3.Adictionaryshouldbebought(byyou).4.Herbedroomoughttobecleaned.5.Thelittlechildneedbelookedafter(bythem).6.Watercanbechangedintoice.提高知識(shí)一、是不是全部動(dòng)詞都有被動(dòng)語態(tài)？1.全部不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞詞組不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)之中。

這類動(dòng)詞或短語如：takeplace(發(fā)生)，happen(發(fā)生)，comeabout(發(fā)生)，breakout(暴發(fā))，appear(出現(xiàn))，disappear(消失)，last(連續(xù))，die,end(vi.結(jié)束),fail,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart等。(2)不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語：Fit適當(dāng),have,hold,marry結(jié)婚,own擁有,wish,cost值,notice注意,watchagreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin成功,sufferfrom受苦,happento,takepartin,walkinto,belongto屬于(3)系動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)：appear,bebecome,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turnItsoundsgood.聽起來很好。Tellmeifyoufeelcold．你要是感到冷就告訴我。4)特殊結(jié)構(gòu)：makesb.heard/understood(使他人能聽見/了解自己)，havesth.done(要某人做某事)。5)當(dāng)breakout、takeplace、shutoff、turnoff、workout等動(dòng)詞表示“發(fā)生、關(guān)閉、制訂”等意思時(shí)。

Theplanworkedoutsuccessfully.

Thelampsonthewallturnoff.

二、初中不及物動(dòng)詞有哪些？不及物動(dòng)詞指是后面不能跟賓語動(dòng)詞。常見不及物動(dòng)詞有：apologize道歉appear出現(xiàn)arrive抵達(dá)come來go去run跑walk走die死fall掉落flow流淌happen發(fā)生rise升起stay停留sit坐lie躺stand站cry哭swim游泳基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)題()1.ThePeople'sRepublicofChina___onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound()2.English____inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken()3.ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung()4.Thiskindofcar___inJapan.A.makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade()5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused()6.Ourroommust___clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep()7.Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding()8.Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft()9.Hisnewbook___nextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished()10.Theflowers___often.A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwaterAnswers:1-5BDDDC6-10BBCAB提升練習(xí)題1.Theoldbridgeinmyhometown___nextmonth.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuiltC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuilt2.Theplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshown3.Nowthesemagazines___inthelibraryforalongtime.A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkept4.-I'dliketobuythatcoat.-I'msorry.___.A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold5.Thesepapers___yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten6.Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.A.didn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.doesn't7.Thebooksmay___fortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow8.Thebrokenbike____herebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended9.Tea___inthesouthofChina.(多)A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow10.Oldpeoplemust___.A.lookafterwellB.belookedwellafterC.lookedwellafterD.belookedafterwell11.Newly-bornbabies___inhospital.A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare12.I___fiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.A.amgivenB.wasbeengivingC.hadgivenD.wasgiven13.Shewill____goodcare____.A.take;ofB.betaken;ofC.take;foryouD.betaken;ofyou14.Theteachermadehim___hishomework.A.todoB.doC.didD.done15.Thesechildren____dance.A.wereseentoB.wereseenforC.wereseenD.sawto16.Thebike___500yuan.A.wascostB.costedC.costD.iscosted17.Theimportantmeeting___onacoldmorninglastyear.A.washadB.washeldC.heldD.had18.Greatchanges___inthepasttenyearsinChina.A.tookplacetoB.havetakenplaceC.weretakingplaceD.hadtakenplace19.Youcan'tusethecomputer,it____.A.wasbrokendownB.iswrongC.isbadD.hasbrokendown20.Themedicine______inadryandcoolplace.

A.keep

B.mustkeep

C.mustbekeptD.mustbekeep

Anwers:1-5AADCB6-10BADBD11-15BDBBA16-20CBDAC三、被動(dòng)語態(tài)與過去分詞短語作后置定語。1.ThecatiscalledTom.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))2.Thereisacat(calledTom)inthehouse.(過去分詞短語作后置定語)3例：HecalledthemancalledJohn.4例：Thedevelopedcountrieshavedevelopedover200years.四：被動(dòng)語態(tài)不要與表示狀態(tài)句型混同

類型一Heisinterestedinthegame.ThegameismadeinChina.類型二Thedoorisclosed.ThedoorisclosedbyJohn.練習(xí)題1.Somebody___Jackphonedwhileyouwereout.A.tocallB.callingC.beingcalledD.called2.Thesewalls___stone.A.aremadeofB.madeofC.aremadeintoD.madeinto3.Jane___tosingusanAmericansonglastSaturday.A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaid4.Thecoat___hersister.A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto5.Pleasepassmeanothercup.Thisone___.A.is