高一定語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)講義

高一定語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)講義高一定語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)講義高一定語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)講義V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考高一定語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)講義日期：20xx年X月高一定語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)（一）、功能：相當(dāng)于_________詞，修飾名詞或代詞，在句中作_____語(yǔ)先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞關(guān)系代詞：用來(lái)連接定語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中代表先行詞的代詞。先行詞是物：_________________________先行詞是人：__________________________在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑褐髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)/（1）先找關(guān)系詞，看先行詞指的是什么。（2）看關(guān)系詞在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?。e.g. 把下列每對(duì)句子合并成含有定語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句1.Theyhadaradio./Itcouldsendoutmessages.→Theyhadaradiowhich/thatcouldsendoutmessage.(主語(yǔ))2.Thegirlismybestfriend./Shespokejustnow→_____________________________________________________3.Healwaysbuyssomebooks./Heneverreadthem.→___________________________________________________注意點(diǎn)：關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略：e.g.5.Theyoungman(whom)yousawwasourmanager.找出句中的從句并圈出先行詞說(shuō)出關(guān)系代詞在從句中的成分1.Themanwhotoldmethenewsrefusedtogivemethename.2.Heisthemanwhomweallrespect.3.Thereissomebodywhowantstoseeyou.4.Thebicyclemyunclegavemewasveryexpensive.4．Those____wanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.A.whom B.which C.who D.when（二）whose的用法：關(guān)系代詞與其后的名詞構(gòu)成所有格，即“的”時(shí)，它既可以修飾指人的先行詞，也可以修飾指物的先行詞。e.g.1.Thegirlismydaughter.Herworkgotthefirstprize→Thegirlwhoseworkgotthefirstprizeismydaughter.2.Thebookisnotmine.Thecoverofitisred.Thebookwhosecoverisredisnotmine(Thebookthecoverofwhichisredisnotmine)3.Doyouknowanyone

HisfamilyisinXi’an.→____________________________________________________.4.Iliveintheroom.Thewindowsofitfacesouth.→_______________________________________________.5.Thechairhasbeenrepaired.Thelegofitwasbroken.→______________________________________________.6.Ilostabook,______Ican'tremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat

限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句1、限制性定語(yǔ)從句：從句與主句關(guān)系密切，去掉從句，主句意義不完整，甚至不合邏輯。e.g.Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.（去掉定語(yǔ)從句，意思就_________）2、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：從句對(duì)先行詞關(guān)系不密切，去掉定從句，意思仍然_______。形式上用____隔開，不能that用引導(dǎo)。e.g.Tom’sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.（who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，整個(gè)句子可分成兩句來(lái)翻譯）that與which的區(qū)別1）用that而不用which的情況1.當(dāng)先行詞是_______________________________等不定代詞時(shí)e.g.Doyouhaveanythingthatisimportanttotellme

2.當(dāng)先行詞被___________________所修飾時(shí)。e.g.Ihavesomebooksthatareverygood.3.當(dāng)先行詞被_________________________所修飾時(shí)。e.g.ThisisthefirstbookthatIboughtmyself.4.主句是以_____或__________開頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)e.g.Whichisthebikethatyoulost?/Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting.5.當(dāng)先行詞在從句和主句中都作表語(yǔ)時(shí),無(wú)論先行詞是人還是物.e.g.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatshewas.7.當(dāng)先行詞被__________________________等詞修飾時(shí)。e.g.ThisistheverybookthatIlostyesterday.8.當(dāng)_______________________________時(shí)。e.g.Iwon’tforgetthethingsandthepersonsthatIsaw.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.whatThereisnodictionary

youcanfindeverything．A．that

B．which

C．where

D．inthatIsthereanythingelse

yourequire?A．which

B．that

C．who

D．what3．Thelastplace

wevisitedwastheGreatWall．A．which

B．that

C．where

D．it2）用which而不用that的情況：①引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句；②指代前面整個(gè)主句的意思；③介詞+關(guān)系代詞e.g.Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry./Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.找出句中的從句并圈出先行詞說(shuō)出關(guān)系代詞在從句中的成分Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblackwithdisease.MissSmith,whoyoumetatourhouse,isgoingtomarryMr.Harry.Hefailedintheexam,whichmadehisclassmatessurprised.（三）關(guān)系代詞在從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，介詞?？梢蕴崆?，但介詞提前時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用which或whome.g.1.Themanisafamousrunner.Youtalkedtohimjustnow.→Themantowhomyoutalkjustnowisafamousrunner.2.Thechairismadeofwood.Heissittingonitnow.→Thechaironwhichheissittingnowismadeofwood.3.Heisalibraryassistant.Iborrowedsomebooksfromhim.→________________________________________________.4.Itisafamousschool.Hegraduatedfromit3yearsago.→__________________________________________________.介詞的確定應(yīng)依據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句中短語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣性搭配，Whoisthegirlwithwhomyoujustshookhands?

2．Theman____youtalkedjustnowisaworker.A.who B.whom C.towhom D.towho3．Theman____youaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather’sneighbor.A.withwhom B.when C.towhom D.which介詞常受先行詞的制約（即介詞和先行詞的搭配），Hebuiltatelescopethroughwhichhecouldstudytheskies.(throughwhich即throughthetelescope)練習(xí)(填上合適的介詞)：1.WuDong,_______whomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.2.ThisisPeter_______whosehouseIhavelivedforfiveyears.（四）關(guān)系副詞：whenwherewhy當(dāng)先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞，用when，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)一般可以用介詞＋which來(lái)代替:e.g.1.Iwillneverforgettheday./IwenttouniversityonthatdayIwillneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichIwenttouniversity.2.Hestillrememberthemorning./Theearthquakehappenedonthatmorning.→______________________________________________________________Nextmonth,

you’llspendinyourhometowniscoming．A．which

B．that

C．when

D．whereNextmonth,

you’llbeinyourhometowniscoming．A．which

B．that

C．when

D．where當(dāng)先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，用where，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)一般可以用介詞＋which來(lái)代替:e.g.3.Thisisthehouse./Heusedtoliveinthehouse.→______________________________________________.Hisuncleworksinafactory

bicyclesaremade．A．that

B．which

C．where

D．there先行詞是表示原因的名詞，即reason，用why，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)一般可以用for＋which來(lái)代替:e.g.5.Idon’tknowthereason./Hediditforthisreason.→___________________________________________________.Thisisthereason______hedidn'tcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich注意點(diǎn)：要注意判斷關(guān)系詞及關(guān)系詞在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧.g.1.ThisisthehouseHevisitedityesterday.Thisisthehouse.Heoncelivedinit.Thisisthehousewhich/that//hevisitedyesterday.Thisisthehousewhere/inwhichheoncelived.2.Wewillremembertheday.Wespentthedaytogether.→________________________________________________.Wewillremembertheday.Weworkedonthisdaytogether.→_____________________________________________.及時(shí)練習(xí)：1。(1)Iwillneverforgettheday_____________________wespenttogetherinthecountryside(2)Iwillneverforgetthedays___________________westayedtogetherinthecountryside2.Thisisthereason___________theytoldme。/Thisisthereason_____________heturnedthejob3．Thisisthefactory_______mymotherworks./Thisisthefactory_______wevisitedlastweek.（六）定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)特別注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的用法1.as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句通常用于thesame…as,such…as結(jié)構(gòu)中。e.g.SuchmachinesasareusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.我們車間使用的這種機(jī)器是中國(guó)制造的。Heisnotsuchaman_______wouldleavehisworkhalfdone.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.asIwanttousethesametools_______usedinyourfactoryafewdaysago.A.aswasB.whichwasC.aswereD.which

2.as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用來(lái)修飾整個(gè)句子。常用下列句型:asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced,asweallknow,asIexpect等Heisahero,whichisknowntoall?！鷂_______________________________________________________._____________canbeseenfromhisskin,hemustbefromAfrica關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單數(shù)還是用復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)由先行詞決定。Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasgotverygoodmarks./Heisoneofthestudentswhohavegotgoodmarksinthematch.Heisoneofthescientistswho____knownbytheworld/Heistheonlyoneofthescientistswho___knownbytheworldThisisoneofthebestfilms_______.

A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked

3.定語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)不直接緊靠先行詞，中間由一個(gè)定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)隔開。e.g.ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan’tunderstand.Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass____homesareinthecountry?A.whose B.who C.whom D.which4..way(方式，方法)后常用inwhich或that或省略來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，也可省略：Theway______helooksatproblemsiswrong.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./

練習(xí)與提高一、把下列每對(duì)句子合并成含有定語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句：1.Thefanisonthedesk.Youwantit.2.Themanisinthenextroom.Hebroughtourtextbookshereyesterday.3.Themagazineismine.Hehastakenitaway.4.Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.Theydon’tstudyhard.5.Thewomanisourgeographyteacher.Yousawherinthepark.6.Theletterisfrommysister.Ireceivedityesterday.7.Theplaywaswonderful.Wesawitlastnight.8.Thetrainwaslate.ItwasgoingtoNanning.9.Theboyismybrother.Hewashereaminuteago.10.Thetreeisquitetall.Heisclimbingit.二、根據(jù)句子意思，在第一個(gè)空白處填入介詞，在第二個(gè)填入關(guān)系代詞whom或which:1.Theperson________________IspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout.2.Thepencil________________hewaswritingbroke.3.WuDong,________________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.4.Thetwothings________________MarxwasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidiomsofEnglish.5.Herbag,________________sheputallherbooks,hasnotbeenfound.三、選擇填空：1.Theman____visitedourschoolyesterdayisfromLondon.A.who B.whichC.whom D.when2.Thewoman____istalkingtomymotherisafriendofhers.A.whose B.who C.whom D.which3.Becauseofmypoormemory,all____youtoldmehasbeenforgotten.A.that B.which C.what D.as4.Doyourememberthosedays____wespentalongtheseashoreveryhappily?A.when B.whereC.which D.who5.Tomdidnottakeawaythecamerabecauseitwasjustthesamecamera____helostlastweek. A.which B.that C.whom D.as6.Those____wanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.A.whom B.which C.who D.when7.Whereistheman____Imetthismorning?A.when B.where C.which D.who8.Whoisthewoman____issweepingtheflooroverthere?A.who B./ C.that D.when9.Theman____youtalkedjustnowisaworker.A.who B.whom C.towhom D.towho10.Theman____youaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather’sneighbor. A.withwhom B.when C.towhom D.which11.Theman____aroundourschoolisfromAmerica. A.whichyoushowed B.youshowedhim C.youshowed D.whereyoushowed12.Haveyoureadthebook____Ilenttoyou?A.that B.whom C.when D.whose13.Finally,thethiefhandedovereverything____hehadstolentothepolice.A.that B.which C.whatever D.all14.Thisistheveryletter____camelastnight.A.who B.which C.that D.as15.Thisistheschool____wevisitedthreedaysago.A.where B./ C.when D.what16.Thisisthefactory____weworkedayearago.A.where B.that C.which D.onwhich17.Doyouworknearthebuilding____colorisyellow?A.that B.which C.its D.whose18,Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass____homesareinthecountry?A.whose B.who C.whom D.which19.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,____cameasasurprise.A.it B.which C.that D.he20.Iliveinthehouse____windowsfacesouth.A.which B.whose C.where D.inthat21.Theroom____Mr.Whitelivesisnotverylarge.A.that B.which C.where D.when22.Don’tforgettheday____youwerereceivedintotheYouthLeague.A.whenB.that C.atwhich D.where23.I’vefinishedwritingthenovel,____istobepublishednextmonth.A.that B.what C.which D.when24.____isknowntoall,Englishisnotverydifficulttolearn.A.What B.As C.That D.Which25.Theoldmanhadthreesons,allof____diedduringWorldWarⅡ.A.whose B.that C.whom D.who26.Doyouknowthereason____shehaschangedhermind?A.why B.which C.forthat D.ofwhich27.Hefailedintheexam,____provesthathewasn’tworkinghardenough.A.which B.what C.it D.that28.____wasexpected,hesucceededintheexam.A.It B.WhichC.As D.That29.Weshouldreadsuchbooks____willma