考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣東第二師范學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣東第二師范學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

大學(xué)之所以有理由存在，是因?yàn)樗估仙賰纱嗽诟挥谙胂罅Φ膶W(xué)習(xí)中，保持了知識(shí)與生活熱情之間的聯(lián)系。大學(xué)提供信息，但它是富于想象地提供信息。至少，這是它應(yīng)該為社會(huì)發(fā)揮的作用。一所大學(xué)如果做不到這一點(diǎn)，就沒(méi)有理由存在。富于想象的思維可以營(yíng)造出一種令人興奮的氛圍，而這種氛圍又可以轉(zhuǎn)化知識(shí)。事實(shí)不再只是純粹的事實(shí)，它被賦予了種種可能性。它不再是記憶的負(fù)擔(dān)，而是充滿活力，猶如能描繪我們夢(mèng)境的詩(shī)人，能實(shí)現(xiàn)我們意圖的建筑師。

【答案】Thejustificationforauniversityisthatitpreservestheconnectionbetweenknowledgeandthezestoflife,byunitingtheyoungandtheoldintheimaginativeconsiderationoflearning.Theuniversityimpartsinformation,butitimpartsitimaginatively.Atleast,thisisthefunctionwhichitshouldperformforsociety.Auniversitywhichfailsinthisrespecthasnoreasonforexistence.Thisatmosphereofexcitement,arisingfromimaginativeconsideration,transformsknowledge.Afactisnolongerabarefact:itisinvestedwithallitspossibilities.Itisnolongeraburdenonthememory:itisenergizingasthepoetofourdreams,andasthearchitectofourpurposes.

2.單選題

Thetaxi-driver（

）aboutourluggageandseemedtobeinathoroughlybadtemper.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.grieved

B.groaned

C.grumbled

D.growled

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)grieve“使悲傷，使苦惱”；B選項(xiàng)groan“呻吟；抱怨”；C選項(xiàng)grumble“抱怨，嘟囔”；D選項(xiàng)growl“咆哮”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格部分是和后面seem并列的謂語(yǔ)部分，根據(jù)“seemedtobeinathoroughlybadtemper看起來(lái)脾氣很壞”可知空格部分單詞意思為“對(duì)……嘟囔”，句意為：的士司機(jī)抱怨我們的行李，看起來(lái)脾氣非常壞。答案C與之意思接近。

3.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingshortparagraphsintoEnglish

如今，計(jì)算機(jī)在社會(huì)上起著重要的作用。他們明顯地改變了我們工作、學(xué)習(xí)和購(gòu)物的方式。但是，盡管計(jì)算機(jī)產(chǎn)業(yè)正給我們帶來(lái)以往夢(mèng)想不到的好處，它也造成一些嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。譬如說(shuō)，人們?cè)絹?lái)越擔(dān)心電力通訊方面不道德的行為。盜版、竊取數(shù)據(jù)以及病毒破壞活動(dòng)十分猖獗。這些行為應(yīng)視作為犯罪嗎？我們?cè)鯓硬拍苤浦惯@些行為？人們的另一個(gè)憂慮與過(guò)分依賴計(jì)算機(jī)有關(guān)。計(jì)算機(jī)不像人們想象的那樣可靠，因特網(wǎng)上的獵息有可能是虛假的。更糟糕的是，過(guò)度依賴計(jì)算機(jī)也許會(huì)削弱我們進(jìn)行挑剔思維的能力，還會(huì)在人們之間造成陣礙。

受海嘯影響最輕的馬來(lái)西亞，在海嘯發(fā)生后，當(dāng)?shù)氐牡诙笾еa(chǎn)業(yè)一一旅游業(yè)一一大受影響。1月19日馬來(lái)西亞旅游部門(mén)的相關(guān)官員就表示，政府也在積極地采取對(duì)策，希望能盡快地恢復(fù)各國(guó)游客的信心。馬來(lái)西亞旅游局官員表示，海嘯中馬來(lái)西亞沒(méi)有外國(guó)游客死亡，旅游設(shè)施也完好，受影響的西岸一些酒店己經(jīng)正常營(yíng)業(yè)。

【答案】Nowadays,computersplayanimportantroleinoursociety.Theyobviouslychangethewaywework,studyandshop.However,computerindustryisofferingbenefitsthatweneverdreamedofbefore,italsoleadstosomeseriousproblems.Forinstance,thereisanincreasingconcernoverunethicalbehaviorinelectroniccommunication.Piracy,hackingandvirussabotagearerampant.Shouldthesebehaviorsberegardedascrimes?Howcanwestopthem?Theotherproblemisaboutoverrelianceoncomputers.Computersarenotasreliableaspeoplethink.InformationontheInternetmaybefalse.What’sworse,overreliancemayimpairourcriticalthinking,andsetupbarriersbetweenpeople.

Tourism,thesecondbiggestpillarindustryinMalaysia,wasaffectedafterthetsunamiwhichbroughtleastdamagetoMalaysia.OnJan.19,therelevantofficialsofMalaysiantourismdepartmentsaidthatthegovernmentwasactivelytakingcountermeasures,expectingtorestoringconfidenceoftouristsfromdifferentcountries.Theofficialssaidthatnoforeigntouristsdiedandtourismfacilitieswereintact.Somehotelsdamagedonthewesterncoasthaveoperatednormally.

4.單選題

PresidentCoolidge'sstatement,“ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness,”stillpointstoanimportanttruthtodaythatbusinessinstitutionshavemoreprestigeinAmericansocietythananyotherkindoforganization,includingthegovernment.Whydobusinessinstitutionspossessthisgreatprestige?

OnereasonisthatAmericansviewbusinessasbeingmorefirmlybasedontheidealofcompetitionthanotherinstitutionsinsociety.SincecompetitionisseenasthemajorsourceofprogressandprosperitybymostAmericans,competitivebusinessinstitutionsarerespected.Competitionisnotonlygoodinitself;itisthemeansbywhichotherbasicAmericanvaluessuchasindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunity,andhardworkareprotected.

Competitionprotectsthefreedomoftheindividualbyensuringthatthereisnomonopolyofpower.Incontrasttoone,all-powerfulgovernment,manybusinessescompeteagainsteachotherforprofits.Theoretically,ifonebusinesstriestotakeunfairadvantageofitscustomers,itwilllosetocompetingbusinesswhichtreatsitscustomersmorefairly.Wheremanybusinessescompeteforthecustomers'dollar,theycannotaffordtotreatthemlikeinferiorsorslaves.

Acontrastisoftenmadebetweenbusiness,whichiscompetitive,andgovernment,whichisamonopoly.Becausebusinessiscompetitive,manyAmericansbelievethatitismoresupportiveoffreedomthangovernment,eventhoughgovernmentleadersareelectedbythepeopleandbusinessleadersarenot.ManyAmericansbelieve,then,thatcompetitionisasimportantas,orevenmoreimportantthan,democracyinpreservingfreedom.

Competitioninbusinessisalsobelievedtostrengthentheideaofequalityofopportunity.Competitionisseenasanopenandfairracewheresuccessgoestotheswiftestpersonregardlessofhisorhersocialclassbackground.CompetitivesuccessiscommonlyseenastheAmericanalternativetosocialrankbasedonfamilybackground.Businessisthereforeviewedasanexpressionoftheideaofequalityofopportunityratherthanthearistocraticideaofinheritedprivilege.

1.Thestatement“ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness”probablymeans“（）”.

2.Americansbelievethattheycanrealizetheirpersonalvaluesonly（）.

3.Whocanbenefitfrombusinesscompetition?

4.Governmentisbelievedtodifferstrikinglyfrombusinessinthatgovernmentischaracterizedby（）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorbelieves（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ThebusinessinstitutionsinAmericaareconcernedwithcommerce

B.BusinessproblemsareofgreatimportancetotheAmericangovernment

C.BusinessisofprimaryconcerntoAmericans

D.Americaisagreatpowerinworldbusiness

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.whengivenequalityofopportunity

B.throughdoingbusiness

C.byprotectingtheirindividualfreedom

D.bywayofcompetition

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Honestbusinessmen

B.Bothbusinessmenandtheircustomers

C.Peoplewithidealsofequalityandfreedom

D.Bothbusinessinstitutionsandgovernment

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.itsabsolutecontrolofpower

B.itsfunctioninpreservingpersonalfreedom

C.itsroleinprotectingbasicAmericanvalues

D.itsdemocraticwayofexercisingleadership

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Americansaremoreambitiousthanpeopleinothercountries

B.inmanycountriessuccessoftendependsonone'ssocialstatus

C.Americanbusinessesaremoredemocraticthanthoseinothercountries

D.businessesinothercountriesarenotascompetitiveasthoseinAmerica

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題解析】語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。題干意思是“句子‘ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness’可能是什么意思？”。第一段truthtodaythatbusinessinstitutionshavemoreprestigeinAmericansocietythananyotherkindoforganization,includingthegovernment.（真相就是在美國(guó)社會(huì)商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)比包括政府在內(nèi)的其他任何類型的組織有更多的威望）說(shuō)明美國(guó)人很關(guān)注商業(yè)。因此ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness表達(dá)的意思是“商業(yè)是美國(guó)人第一關(guān)心的”。A選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)關(guān)注的是商業(yè)”，這個(gè)選項(xiàng)邏輯沒(méi)問(wèn)題，但是比較片面；B項(xiàng)“商業(yè)問(wèn)題對(duì)美國(guó)政府很重要”和D項(xiàng)“美國(guó)是全球商業(yè)的強(qiáng)國(guó)”沒(méi)提到。故該題選C。

2.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“美國(guó)人相信他們只有怎樣才能實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的個(gè)人價(jià)值？”。第二段最后一句Competitionisnotonlygoodinitself;itisthemeansbywhichotherbasicAmericanvaluessuchasindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunity,andhardworkareprotected.（競(jìng)爭(zhēng)不僅本身是良好的，它還是一種保護(hù)手段，其他基本的美國(guó)人價(jià)值觀都是受它的保護(hù)，如個(gè)人自由、機(jī)會(huì)均等和努力工作等），由此可知美國(guó)人是可以通過(guò)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的個(gè)人價(jià)值。B項(xiàng)“通過(guò)做生意”沒(méi)有提到，A項(xiàng)“給予平等的機(jī)會(huì)”和C項(xiàng)“保護(hù)個(gè)人自由”都是包括在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的保護(hù)機(jī)制里面，最終還是通過(guò)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)才能實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的價(jià)值。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“商業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)誰(shuí)有利？”。第三段第三句ifonebusinesstriestotakeunfairadvantageofitscustomers,itwilllosetocompetingbusinesswhichtreatsitscustomersmorefairly.（如果一個(gè)商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)試圖不公平地利用它的顧客，它就會(huì)輸給那些對(duì)待顧客更公平的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手），由此推斷出競(jìng)爭(zhēng)不僅有利于顧客的利益，也有利于公平對(duì)待客戶的商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)。A項(xiàng)“誠(chéng)實(shí)的商人”不夠全面；C項(xiàng)“擁有平等和自由理想的人們”和D項(xiàng)“商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)和政府”中的政府均未提及。因此B選項(xiàng)“商人和顧客”正確。

4.【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“人們認(rèn)為政府與商業(yè)有顯著的不同，因?yàn)檎奶攸c(diǎn)是什么？”。第四段第一句Acontrastisoftenmadebetweenbusiness,whichiscompetitive,andgovernment,whichisamonopoly.（競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的商業(yè)和政府的壟斷總是經(jīng)常拿來(lái)對(duì)比），可以推斷出政府和商業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)相比，政府的壟斷是權(quán)利上的操控，B項(xiàng)“保護(hù)個(gè)人自由的功能”這是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的特點(diǎn)；C項(xiàng)“保護(hù)美國(guó)基本價(jià)值觀方面的作用”沒(méi)有提到；D項(xiàng)“行使領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的民主方式”，只提到了政府的壟斷，沒(méi)有提到民主。因此A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)權(quán)利的絕對(duì)控制”正確。

5.【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從這篇文章可以推斷出作者相信什么？”。最后一段第三句CompetitivesuccessiscommonlyseenastheAmericanalternativetosocialrankbasedonfamilybackground.（競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的成功被美國(guó)人視為基于家庭背景而產(chǎn)生的社會(huì)地位的替代），即美國(guó)是不依靠家庭背景決定社會(huì)地位，從而推斷出，相反其他國(guó)家就要依靠社會(huì)地位。A項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人比其他國(guó)家的人更具野心”、C項(xiàng)“美國(guó)商業(yè)比其他國(guó)家更民主”和D項(xiàng)“其他國(guó)家的商業(yè)不像美國(guó)商業(yè)一樣有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性”沒(méi)有提到。因此B選項(xiàng)“許多國(guó)家的成功取決于一個(gè)人的社會(huì)地位”正確。

5.單選題

EvenasachildIwasnotagreatfanofcartoon,butmydaughterwatchesthemwhenevershecan,withnoapparentilleffectsonherattitudeorherperformanceatschool.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Evenasachild

B.fanofcartoon

C.themwhenevershecan

D.apparentilleffectsonher

E.沒(méi)有問(wèn)題

【答案】C

【解析】代詞誤用。them改成it,此處的代詞指代前面的cartoon,因?yàn)槭菃螖?shù)名詞，故需要用it。

6.單選題

Iusuallyletmychildrenmaketheirowndecisions,nowthattheyhavegrownup,Iwouldn’t（）tointerfere.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.assume

B.consume

C.resume

D.presume

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我經(jīng)常讓孩子們自己拿主意，既然他們已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)大，那么我就不會(huì)擅自進(jìn)行干涉。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。assume采取，承擔(dān)，假設(shè)，想當(dāng)然;consume消耗，消費(fèi)；resume重新開(kāi)始，繼續(xù)；presume假定，推測(cè)，擅自。因此D符合句意。

7.單選題

Thesenationalparksareveryimportantforpreservingmanyanimals,whowould（）runtheriskofbecomingextinct.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.instead

B.nevertheless

C.therefore

D.otherwise

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)instead“代替；反而；相反”；B選項(xiàng)nevertheless“然而，不過(guò)”；C選項(xiàng)therefore“因此；所以”；D選項(xiàng)otherwise“否則；另外”。句意：這些國(guó)家公園對(duì)保護(hù)許多動(dòng)物非常重要，否則這些動(dòng)物將面臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。前后部分為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此D項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Thetenantleftnothingbehindexceptsome（

）ofpaper,cloth,etc.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sheets

B.scraps

C.pages

D.slices

【答案】B

【解析】量詞辨析。句意:除了廢紙和廢布，租客什么也沒(méi)有留下。

Sheet張,塊,通常用于形容一張紙或者一塊玻璃、金屬或木頭等;scraps廢棄的;page頁(yè);slice(食物的)薄片。故選B。

9.單選題

Theconceptofpersonalchoice（）healthbehaviorsisanimportantone.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.infaceof

B.incaseof

C.inrelationto

D.inchargeof

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)infaceof“面對(duì)、面臨”；B選項(xiàng)incaseof“假如、萬(wàn)一”；C選項(xiàng)inrelationto“關(guān)于、涉及”；D選項(xiàng)inchargeof“負(fù)責(zé)、掌管”，句意：個(gè)人選擇與健康行為的關(guān)系是一個(gè)重要的概念。個(gè)人選擇與健康行為是相關(guān)的關(guān)系，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

10.單選題

To（

）thisstateofaffairs,thereportrecommendedaunifiedscheme,onaregionalbasis,withinwhichbothcommonandspecializedunitswouldcaterforthevariousneedsofpart-timeteachers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fortify

B.denominate

C.assimilate

D.rectify

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“加強(qiáng)，增強(qiáng)，（在物質(zhì)或道義上）支持某人”；B選項(xiàng)“命名”；C選項(xiàng)“吸收，同化”；D選項(xiàng)“糾正”；根據(jù)句子的意思‘為了穩(wěn)定事態(tài)，該報(bào)告建議按地區(qū)實(shí)施一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的方案，普通和專門(mén)單位將滿足兼職教師的各種需求’確定A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Heisverykindandhasputhiscarentirelyatour______fortheholiday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.usage

B.disposal

C.pleasure

D.position

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)usage“使用，利用，利用率”；B選項(xiàng)atone’sdisposal“由某人支配，由某人做主”；C選項(xiàng)atone’spleasure“隨心所欲”；D選項(xiàng)position“位置，地方”。句意：他非常熱心，在假期把他的汽車______。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是把車借給我們用，B選項(xiàng)atone’sdisposal“由某人支配”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling.Nottoomanyyearsage,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon"persuasivesalesmanship"tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.Suchproductionandsellingfocusesontheneedsofthesellertoproducegoodsandthenconvertthemintomoney.

Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem.Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept,whichsimplymeansthatinsteadoftryingtosellwhateveriseasiesttoproduceorbuyforresale,themakersanddealersfirsttrytofindoutwhattheconsumerwantstobuyandthengoaboutmakingitaccordingtoconsumerdemand.

Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinessactivity-thefirmandthecustomer.Eachmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs.Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingcustomers.Thisconcepthasbeenrecognizedinsuchslogansas"HaveItYourWay"and"You'retheBoss".Agoodexampleoftheimportanceofsatisfyingtheconsumerpresenteditselfinmid1985,whenCocaColachangedtheflavorofitsdrink.Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthepublicbroughtaboutapromptrestorationoftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenewKingcustomerruled!

1.Agoodknowledgeofthedifferencebetweenmarketingandsellingleadsto（）.

2.Nottoolongago,industriesfocusedon（）.

3.Theverycoreofmarketingliesin（）.

4.Asuccessfulbusinessdealcantakeplaceonlywhen（）.

5.Thelastsentenceofthepassagesuggeststhat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theefficientproductionofgoods

B.aperfectcommandofsalesmanship

C.abasiccommandofthemarketingconcept

D.theconversionofgoodsintomoney

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.producingandsellinggoods

B.theneedsandwantsofcustomers

C.thesellingofnewproducts

D.movinggoodstothemarket

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.allunderstandingofconsumerneeds

B.theefficientmovementofgoods

C.developingnewwantsforconsumergoods

D.makinggoodsreadilyavailabletocustomers

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thecustomerissatisfiedattheexpenseofthecompany

B.acompanymakesabigprofit

C.consumersatisfactionandcompanyprofitaregivenequalimportance

D.priorityisgiventotherequirementsofthecustomer

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theconsumershouldbeallowedtodothingshisownway

B.theconsumershouldbetreatedlikeaking

C.theconsumershouldhavethefinalsayinthesellingofanyproduct

D.theconsumershouldbeadvisedonwhattobuy

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling定位至第一段:Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling(要了解營(yíng)銷概念，只有必要區(qū)分營(yíng)銷和銷售的不同)，由此可知C項(xiàng)“營(yíng)銷概念的基本掌握”正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Nottoolongago定位至第二段:Nottoomanyyearsage,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon"persuasivesalesmanship"tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible(幾年前，大多數(shù)行業(yè)主要集中在高效生產(chǎn)的商品，然后依靠“有說(shuō)服力的推銷方式”來(lái)盡可能多的銷售這些產(chǎn)品)，也就是不久前，行業(yè)集中于高效生產(chǎn)商品和銷售商品，故選A項(xiàng)“生產(chǎn)和銷售產(chǎn)品”。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Marketing，ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem(另一方面，市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷也需要著重于消費(fèi)者的需求。它開(kāi)始于首先分析消費(fèi)者的喜好和需求之后，然后生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品，滿足他們)。因此,A項(xiàng)“完全理解顧客的需求”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinessactivity-thefirmandthecustomer.Eachmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs(這個(gè)概念并不意味著滿足顧客得優(yōu)先于公司利潤(rùn)。每次的交易都有正反兩面，也就是在交易前必須滿足公司和消費(fèi)者各自的需求)，因此，選C項(xiàng)“顧客滿足和公司利潤(rùn)都同等重要”。

5.判斷推理題。文章最后一句為:Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthepublicbroughtaboutapromptrestorationoftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenewKingcustomerruled(公眾大部分比例對(duì)新口味的不接受使得可口可樂(lè)公司快速地恢復(fù)原先的口味。然后以消費(fèi)者至上的規(guī)則銷售)。因此不難推測(cè)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，B項(xiàng)“對(duì)待顧客就應(yīng)該像國(guó)王一樣”正確。

13.單選題

WhenIbentdowntotiemyshoelace,theseatofmytrousers（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.split

B.cracked

C.broke

D.holed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。split“撕裂，使破裂”；cracked“使爆裂，使破裂”；broke“打破，違犯，折斷”；holed“鑿洞”。句意：當(dāng)我彎腰去系鞋帶時(shí)我的褲子崩裂了。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

14.單選題

Thishotel（

）$50forasingleroomwithbath.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.claims

B.charges

C.demands

D.prices

【答案】B

【解析】意:這家酒店帶浴室的單間要價(jià)50美元。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的三單形式。Claim要求,請(qǐng)求,主張;charge要價(jià),向前沖;demand要求,查詢,需要;price給……定價(jià),估價(jià)。B符合句意。

15.單選題

TheUnitedStatesconsistsoffiftystates,

hasitsowngovernment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.eachofthem

B.theyeach

C.which

D.eachofwhich

【答案】D

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：美國(guó)由50個(gè)州組成，每個(gè)州都有自己的政府。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

16.單選題

Itwasobviousthatsheandherhusbandwere（）andshewishedshe'dnevermarriedhim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insolvable

B.insensible

C.inseparable

D.incompatible

【答案】D

【解析】句意:很明顯她和她丈夫是水火不相容的，她希望自己從來(lái)沒(méi)有嫁給他。

考查形容詞辨析。insolvable不能解決（答）的;insensible昏迷的，無(wú)知覺(jué)的；inseparable不可分離的；incompatible不相容的，矛盾的。根據(jù)后半句“她希望自己從來(lái)沒(méi)有嫁給他”可知D符合句意。

17.單選題

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore（）tolightthanarehumaneyes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.glowing

B.brilliant

C.sensitive

D.gloomy

【答案】C

【解析】句意:盡管貓?jiān)谕耆诎档沫h(huán)境中看不到任何東西，但是相比人類的眼睛，它們的眼晴對(duì)光卻更加敏感。

考查形容詞辨析。glowing熱烈贊揚(yáng)的，熱情洋溢的;brilliant閃耀的，杰出的，精彩的；sensitive體貼的，體恤的，善解人意的，感覺(jué)敏銳的；gloomy黑暗的，沮喪的，陰郁的。由轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比提示詞Although(盡管)可知C符合句意。

18.單選題

JosephHellerisagreatnovelistwhohasthrilledthousandsofleaders,（

）manyAmericanaccomplishednovelistskneelathisfeetandcan'thelpsinginghispraises.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthat

B.somuchsothat

C.since

D.while

【答案】B

【解析】連詞詞義辨析題。A選項(xiàng)的inthat“因?yàn)椋捎?，既然”；B選項(xiàng)的somuchsothat“到這樣程度以至于……，甚至”；C選項(xiàng)的since通常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，表示“自從……”；D選項(xiàng)的while“當(dāng)……時(shí)候，然而……”。根據(jù)句意‘約瑟夫?海勒是個(gè)偉大的小說(shuō)家，震驚了成千上萬(wàn)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，甚至很多美國(guó)著名的小說(shuō)家都臣服于他的才華，情不自禁地贊揚(yáng)他’確定B選項(xiàng)正確。

19.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoChinese.

Whentheobjectsofaninquiry,inanydepartment,haveprinciples,causes,orelements,itisthroughacquaintancewiththesethatknowledgeandunderstandingisattained.Forwedonotthinkthatweknowathinguntilweareacquaintedwithitsprimarycausesorfirstprinciples,andhavecarriedouranalysisasfarasitselements.Plainly,therefore,inthescienceofnaturetooourfirsttaskwillbetotrytodeterminewhatrelatestoitsprinciples.Thenaturalwayofdoingthisistostartfromthethingswhicharemoreknowableandcleartousandproceedtowardsthosewhichareclearerandmoreknowablebynature,forthesamethingsarenotknowablerelativelytousandknowablewithoutqualification.Sowemustfollowthismethodandadvancefromwhatismoreobscurebynature,butclearertous,towardswhatisclearerandmoreknowablebynature.Nowwhatistousplainandclearatfirstisratherconfusedmasses,theelementsandprinciplesofwhichbecomeknowntouslaterbyanalysis.

【答案】在任何領(lǐng)域，當(dāng)研究對(duì)象有其存在的原理、因素或元素時(shí)，只有通過(guò)了解這些事物，才能獲得知識(shí)和理解。因?yàn)橹挥挟?dāng)我們知道某事物的主要成因或基本原理，并對(duì)其組成元素進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步分析時(shí)，我們才可以稱我們了解該事物。因此，很明顯，在自然科學(xué)中，我們的首要任務(wù)將是設(shè)法確定各原理之間的聯(lián)系。這樣做的自然方式是從對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)更清晰易知的事物開(kāi)始，然后延伸至本質(zhì)上更加清晰易知的事物，因?yàn)閷?duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，同樣事物的可知性并不是相當(dāng)?shù)?，并且也不是沒(méi)有限制的。因此，我們必須遵循這一方法，從本質(zhì)上模糊但對(duì)自己來(lái)說(shuō)更加清楚的事物，發(fā)展到本質(zhì)上既清晰又易知的事物中去。現(xiàn)在對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，最簡(jiǎn)單明了的事物對(duì)大眾來(lái)說(shuō)是十分疑惑，其要素和原理可以通過(guò)后期的分析而為人們所了解。

20.單選題

Theargumentwassimultaneouslyapolicydebateandanextendedexegesisofacrucialphraseina1986federallawthatregulatesthehiringprocedures.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exportation

B.expulsion

C.explication

D.expiation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)exportation“出口；輸出；出口貨”；B選項(xiàng)expulsion“逐出；開(kāi)除；除籍”；C選項(xiàng)explication“說(shuō)明；闡明；展開(kāi)”；D選項(xiàng)expiation“補(bǔ)償；贖罪；抵罪”。句意：這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論同時(shí)是一場(chǎng)政策辯論，也是對(duì)1986年一項(xiàng)管理招聘程序的聯(lián)邦法律中一個(gè)關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)的延伸注釋。exegesis“注釋，解釋”，C選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Theuniversity（）fiveschoolsandtwenty-fivedepartments.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beconsistedof

B.consistsof

C.beconsistedby

D.beconsistedin

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞用法。動(dòng)詞consist表示“由組成”，為不及物動(dòng)詞，無(wú)被動(dòng)式。詞組consistof表示“（整體）由（部分）組成”。句意：這所大學(xué)由4個(gè)學(xué)院和25個(gè)部門(mén)組成。因此，本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

22.單選題

We___theradiosignalsforhelpfromtheplane.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pickedout

B.pickedoff

C.pickedat

D.pickedup

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)pickedout“挑選出”；B選項(xiàng)pickedoff“摘掉；拔去；截?。粋鞲衅鳌?；C選項(xiàng)pickedat“吃得很少；挑毛??；指責(zé)”；D選項(xiàng)pickedup“撿起；獲得，收到；收拾；（汽車；飛機(jī)）乘載；不費(fèi)力地學(xué)會(huì)”。句意：我們___飛機(jī)發(fā)出求救的無(wú)線電信號(hào)。本句表達(dá)“收到飛機(jī)發(fā)出的信號(hào)”，因此選D項(xiàng)正確。

23.寫(xiě)作題

Directions:Mr.Liu,45yearsold,isoneofyourfriendsandhaspassedthePhDentranceexaminationrecently,andyou’vejustgotthisnews.Writetohimaletterofcongratulation.

Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.Startyourletterwith“DearMr.Liu”.DoNOTsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use“ChenLing”instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.

【答案】DearMr.Liu,

IamwritingtooffermysincerecongratulationsonyourpassingthePhDentranceexamination.Iknowyouhavestudiedveryhardthistime,soIamreallygladtoseeyourhardworkpaidoff.Iamsureyourfamilyandfriendsmustbeveryproudofyou.Youshowedmethatageisnotabarriertoadvancement.PassingthePhDentranceexaminationisafreshstartforyou,whichwillbringyouagoodopportunitytolearnfromthetopprofessors.Besides,itisgoodforyoutostudywithsomanyexcellentstudentswhoofcoursewillgiveyouthemotivationtostudyhard.Iwishyougreatersuccessinuniversityandafruitfullifeinthefuture.

Sincerelyyours,

ChenLing

24.單選題

Desertanimals（）ameansofretainingmoistureinsuchahot,dryclimateiftheyaretosurvive.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.needing

B.toneed

C.needed

D.need

【答案】D

【解析】句中缺少謂語(yǔ),選項(xiàng)A和B不能做謂語(yǔ),首先排除；再根據(jù)前后謂語(yǔ)需保持一致的原則,可知選項(xiàng)D正確。

25.寫(xiě)作題

Nowadaysthewaymanypeopleinteractwitheachotherhaschangedbecauseoftechnology.Inwhatwayshastechnologyaffectedthewaypeoplecommunicatewitheachother?Hasthisbecomeapositiveornegativedevelopment?Youmustwritelogicallyandshowyourclearpointofviewwithsufficientsupportingpoints.Youmaymakeuseofanyrelevantexamplesfromyourknowledgeorexperience.Youshouldhaveyourowntitleandwriteatleast200words.

【答案】略。

26.翻譯題

世界上最幸福的十種工作很多職場(chǎng)新人都曾夢(mèng)想找到一份理想工作，做喜歡的事，享受那份喜悅。而現(xiàn)實(shí)往往不盡人意，人們總是抱怨著自己的工作。本文為你盤(pán)點(diǎn)了十種最幸福的工作。

神職人員：最不諳世事的工作據(jù)說(shuō)是最幸福的工作。

消防員：消防員的工作能給人們提供幫助，而80%的消防員都表示對(duì)自己的工作“非常滿意”。

理療師:社會(huì)互動(dòng)和幫助他人明顯使得這份工作是最幸福的工作之一。

作家：對(duì)于大多數(shù)作家來(lái)說(shuō)，他們的報(bào)酬少得可憐，或者根本沒(méi)有，但是寫(xiě)下自己心中所想顯然會(huì)帶來(lái)快樂(lè)。

特殊教育老師：如果你不在乎金錢(qián)，特殊教育老師這個(gè)工作或許是個(gè)幸福的職業(yè)。

教師：盡管當(dāng)前存在著教育經(jīng)費(fèi)和教室條件的問(wèn)題，一般來(lái)說(shuō)教師們還是感到自己的工作很幸福的。

這一職業(yè)繼續(xù)吸引著年輕的理想主義者，盡管有50%的新教師都在5年以內(nèi)選擇轉(zhuǎn)行了。

藝術(shù)家：雕刻家和畫(huà)家據(jù)稱是工作滿意度最高的職業(yè)，盡管在這一職業(yè)上謀生有著相當(dāng)大的困難。

心理學(xué)家：心理學(xué)家不一定能解決其他人的問(wèn)題，但是似乎他們已經(jīng)解決了自己的問(wèn)題。

金融理財(cái)銷售代理:據(jù)報(bào)道65%的金融理財(cái)銷售代理認(rèn)為自己的工作很幸福。這大概是因?yàn)樗麄冎械囊恍┤嗽谑娣霓k公環(huán)境中工作，每周工作40個(gè)小時(shí)，平均每年掙9萬(wàn)多美元。

施工工程師：擺弄那些大型玩具可能是很有趣的，比如推土機(jī)、前載車、反鏟挖土機(jī)、刮土機(jī)、平地機(jī)、裝載機(jī)、起重機(jī)、大型水泵以及空氣壓縮機(jī)。同時(shí)施工工程師的工作供不應(yīng)求，這使他們感覺(jué)很幸福。

【答案】Formostauthors,thepayisridiculouslylowornon-existent,buttheautonomyofwritingdownthecontentsofyourownmindapparentlyleadstohappiness.

Despitethecurrentissueswitheducationfundingandclassroomconditions,teachersingeneralreportbeinghappywiththeirjobs.

Thecareercontinuestoattractyoungidealists,although50percentofnewteacherswillswitchtoanotherjobwithinfiveyears.

Sculptorsandpaintersaresaidtobethemostsatisfiedjob,despitethegreatdifficultyinmakingalivingfromit.

Thatcouldhavethereasonthatsomeofthemareclearingmorethan$90,000dollarsayearonaveragefora40-hourworkweekinacomfortableofficeenvironment.

27.單選題

Inthebusyholidayseason,extrabusesareprovidedto（）theexistingservice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.supplement

B.complement

C.implement

D.experiment

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。supplement“補(bǔ)充，增補(bǔ)”；complement“補(bǔ)足，補(bǔ)助”；implement“實(shí)現(xiàn)，執(zhí)行”；experiment“嘗試，進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)”。句意：在繁忙的假日，會(huì)增加一些公車來(lái)滿足現(xiàn)有的服務(wù)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

28.單選題

Hisworkshedprovocativeyetnecessarylightonanimportantwaytoslowthespreadofthisvirus.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.provisional

B.seductive

C.disturbing

D.insulting

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:他的工作就是著手放緩這種病毒的傳播。

provisional:臨時(shí)的,暫定的。seductive:誘人的，有魅力的。disturbing：干擾的，令人不安的,騷擾的(與畫(huà)線詞provocative:挑釁的，煽動(dòng)的，意思相近)。insulting:侮辱的，無(wú)禮的。

29.單選題

London'sHeathrowairport,alongsidemanyothermajorairports,ishopingthat_______passengernumberswillbeswallowedupbyanewgenerationofhugeaircraft.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.probate

B.obsolete

C.swelling

D.recapitulating

【答案】C

【解析】probate遺囑認(rèn)證的;obsolete荒廢的,淘汰的;swell增大;磁脹;recapitulate重述要點(diǎn),概述。句意：倫敦Heathrow機(jī)場(chǎng)和其他許多主要機(jī)場(chǎng)都希望，新一代的巨型飛機(jī)能夠承載得下數(shù)量日益增長(zhǎng)的旅客。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

30.單選題

Themostfrustratingperiodsofanydietaretheinevitable_______,whenweightloss_______ifnotstops.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.moods...accelerates

B.feasts…h(huán)alts

C.holidays...contracts

D.plateaus...slows

【答案】D

【解析】moods...accelerates情緒加速;feasts...halts宴會(huì)停止;holidays...contracts假日收縮;plateaus...slows停滯時(shí)期減慢。句意：任何節(jié)食計(jì)劃中最令人沮喪的階段都是不可避免的停滯期,減肥的速度即使沒(méi)有停止也會(huì)減慢。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

31.單選題

Thecolorandsmellofwaterintheserivers（）itselfhowseriousthepollutionisbutmanypeoplearestillignoringhefact.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.illustrates

B.demonstrates

C.manifests

D.exemplifies

【答案】C

【解析】近義詞辨析題。manifestoneself"顯現(xiàn),顯露";illustrate"說(shuō)明,闡明";demonstrate"舉行示威游行（或集會(huì)）;說(shuō)明";exemplify"例示，舉例證明"。句意：這些河水的顏色和氣味表明了污染的嚴(yán)重性，但是許多人仍然忽視了這個(gè)事實(shí)。選項(xiàng)C更恰當(dāng)。

32.單選題

Terroristactivities,inwhateverforms,aretobedenouncedbypeace-lovingpeopleworldwide.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.announced

B.forgiven

C.condemned

D.despised

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。denounce表示“譴責(zé)，公然抨擊”；A項(xiàng)announce“宣布”，B項(xiàng)forgive“原諒”，C項(xiàng)condemn“譴責(zé)，判刑”，D項(xiàng)despise“輕視，鄙視”。句意：任何形式的恐怖主義活動(dòng)都應(yīng)受到全世界愛(ài)好和平的人民的譴責(zé)。根據(jù)句意可知，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

33.單選題

Formanypeopletoday,readingisnolongerrelaxation.Tokeepuptheirworktheymustreadletters,reports,tradepublications,interofficecommunications,nottomentionnewspapersandmagazines:anever-endingfloodofwords.In（1）ajoboradvancinginone,theabilitytoreadandcomprehend（2）canmeanthedifferencebetweensuccessandfailure.Yettheunfortunatefactisthatmostofusare（3）readers.Mostofusdeveloppoorreading（4）atanearlyage,andnevergetoverthem.Themaindeficiency（5）intheactualstuffoflanguageitself—words.Takenindividually,wordshave（6）meaninguntiltheyarestrungtogetherintophrases,sentencesandparagraphs.（7）,however,theuntrainedreaderdoesnotreadgroupsofwords.Helaboriouslyreadsonewordatatime,oftenregressingto（8）wordsorpassages.Regression,thetendencytolookbackover（9）youhavejustread,isacommonbadhabitinreading.Anotherhabitwhich（10）downthespeedofreadingisvocalization—soundingeachwordeitherorallyormentallyas（11）reads.

Toovercomethesebadhabits,somereadingclinicsuseadevicecalledan（12）,whichmovesabar(orcurtain)downthepageatapredeterminedspeed.Thebarissetataslightlyfasterrate（13）thereaderfindscomfortable,inorderto“stretch”him.Theacceleratorforcesthereadertoreadfast,（14）word-by-wordreadingimpossible.Regressionandsub-vocalization,practicallyimpossible.Atfirst（15）issacrificedforspeed.Butwhenyoulearntoreadideasandconcepts,youwillnotonlyreadfaster,（16）yourcomprehensionwillimprove.Manypeoplehavefound（17）readingskilldrasticallyimprovedaftersometraining.（18）CharlceAu,abusinessmanager,forinstance,hisreadingratewasareasonablygood172wordsaminute（19）theraining,nowitisanexcellent1378wordsaminute.Heisdelightedthathowhecan（20）alotmorereadingmaterialinashortperiodoftime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.applying

B.doing

C.offering

D.getting

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.quickly

B.easily

C.roughly

D.decidedly

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.good

B.curious

C.poor

D.urgent

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.training

B.habits

C.situations

D.custom

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.lies

B.combines

C.touches

D.involves

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.some

B.alot

C.little

D.dull

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.Fortunately

B.Infact

C.Logically

D.Unfortunately

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.reuse

B.reread

C.rewrite

D.recite

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.if

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.scales

B.cuts

C.slows

D.measures

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.someone

B.one

C.he

D.reader

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.accelerator

B.actor

C.amplifier

D.observer

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.then

B.as

C.beyond

D.than

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.enabling

B.leading

C.making

D.indicating

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.mean