考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中華女子學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中華女子學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Theenvironmentalmovementis（）tothewidespreadfeelingsofsupportfornature'sinherentworth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.testimony

B.hypocrisy

C.compensation

D.compassion

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。testimony證據(jù)，證詞；hypocrisy虛偽，偽善；compensation補(bǔ)償，報(bào)酬；compassion同情，憐憫。句意：環(huán)保運(yùn)動(dòng)證明了人們普遍支持自然的內(nèi)在價(jià)值。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

2.單選題

Themanagerrealizedtheimportanceofqualifiedstaff,andurgedall________toparticipateinthetrainingprogram.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concerning

B.theconcerning

C.concerned

D.theconcerned

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞的用法。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都跟concerned有關(guān)，句意：經(jīng)理意識(shí)到了合格員工的重要性，并且敦促所有（）參加培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目。A，B選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有名詞詞義，代入句中會(huì)造成賓語(yǔ)缺失，所以排除；The+形容詞表示一類(lèi)人，因?yàn)閏oncerning沒(méi)有形容詞的詞性，所以D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，答案選C。

3.單選題

TheBritisharenotsofamiliarwithdifferentculturesandotherwaysofdoingthings,（）isoftenthecaseinothercountries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.what

C.so

D.thatTherearefewelectronic

【答案】A

【解析】句意:英國(guó)人對(duì)于不同的文化和其他的行為方式不是很熟悉，在其他國(guó)家情況也是如此。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。逗號(hào)后面部分“isoftenthecaseinothercountries”結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，缺少主語(yǔ)。因此該處應(yīng)該是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。因此A項(xiàng)正確，構(gòu)成表達(dá)“asisoftenthecase(是常有的情形)”。

4.單選題

ThispairofbootscostmuchlessthanyoursforIboughtthemwhenthedepartmentstoremadea（

）ofthestoredgoods.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.clearance

B.reduction

C.fortune

D.deal

【答案】B

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。Clearance“清理”；reduction“減少”；fortune“財(cái)富，運(yùn)氣”；deal“交易”。句意：我這雙靴子沒(méi)有花你那么多錢(qián)，因?yàn)槲屹I(mǎi)它的時(shí)候商場(chǎng)正好降價(jià)銷(xiāo)售存貨。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.單選題

Heknowslittleofmathematics,and（

）ofchemistry.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.evenmore

B.stillless

C.noless

D.stillmore

【答案】B

【解析】考查比較級(jí)。even,still修飾表示級(jí)，意為“更……”，little的比較級(jí)為less，因此選B。

句意：他數(shù)學(xué)懂得很少，化學(xué)懂得更少了。

6.單選題

Thereisthefearthatbabiesmightbegeneticallyalteredtosuittheparents’wishes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.enhanced

B.revised

C.alternated

D.modified

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。alterto表示“更改，改變”；A項(xiàng)enhance“增強(qiáng)”，B項(xiàng)revise“修正，校訂”，C項(xiàng)alternate“交替的，輪流的”，D項(xiàng)modify“修改，修飾”。句意：人們擔(dān)心嬰兒的基因會(huì)被改變以滿足父母的愿望。根據(jù)句意可知，選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Kneadthedoughuntilitissmoothand（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.flexible

B.loose

C.elastic

D.resourceful

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)flexible“靈活的；柔韌的；易彎曲的”；B選項(xiàng)loose“寬松的；散漫的；不牢固的”；C選項(xiàng)elastic“（物理上的）有彈性的；靈活的；易伸縮的”；D選項(xiàng)resourceful“資源豐富的；足智多謀的；機(jī)智的”。句意：把面團(tuán)揉得光滑又……。面要筋道就得有彈性，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Afterhiswife'sdeath,hewasonthevergeofa（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.breakdown

B.breakout

C.breakin

D.breakthrough

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他的妻子過(guò)世后，他陷入了崩潰的邊緣。

考查形近詞辨析。Breakdown崩潰,倒塌,損壞,故障;breakout逃脫,越獄;breakin打斷,闖入,開(kāi)始工作;breakthrough突破,突破性進(jìn)展。由關(guān)鍵詞hiswife’sdeath(他妻子的死亡)可知A符合句意。

9.單選題

CornoriginatedintheNewWorldandthuswasnotknowninEuropeuntilColumbusfoundit_____inCuba.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beingcultivated

B.beencultivated

C.havingcultivated

D.cultivating

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：玉米原產(chǎn)于新大陸，因此直到哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)古巴在種植玉米，歐洲才知道它的存在。it指玉米，根據(jù)玉米被種植確定用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除C、D選項(xiàng)；在until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，it是賓語(yǔ)，橫線到句尾是賓補(bǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)被種植的狀態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式，A選項(xiàng)beingcultivated符合題意。B選項(xiàng)beencultivated用法錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Itissaidthatthemathteacherseems（

）towardsbrightstudents.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.preferable

B.partial

C.beneficial

D.liable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)preferable“更好的，更可取的”；B選項(xiàng)partial“部分的，不完全的，偏袒”；C選項(xiàng)beneficial“有利的，有益的”；D選項(xiàng)liable“負(fù)有償付責(zé)任，可能受……的影響”。由brightstudents（聰明的學(xué)生）可知B選項(xiàng)符合邏輯搭配。句意：據(jù)說(shuō)這個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)老師似乎偏袒聰明的學(xué)生。

11.單選題

The（）ofthespringwaterattractsalotofvisitorsfromalloverthecountry.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.clash

B.clarify

C.clarity

D.clatter

【答案】C

【解析】clash沖突；clarify澄清，闡明；clarity清澈，透明；clatter嘩啦聲，嘈雜聲。句意：清澈的泉水吸引了許多來(lái)自全國(guó)各地的游客。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

12.單選題

FarmlandinpartsofJapanisnolongersafebecauseofhighlevelsofradiationinthesoil,scientistshavewarned,asthecountrystrugglestorecoverfromtheFukushimaatomicdisaster.Ateamofinternationalresearcherssaidfoodproductionwouldlikelybe"severelyimpaired"bytheelevatedlevelsofcaesium（放射性銫）foundinsoilsamplesacrosseasternFukushimainthewakeofmeltdownsatthetsunami-hitplant.Thestudysuggestsfarminginneighboringareasmayalsosufferbecauseofradiation,althoughlevelsdiscoveredtherewerewithinlegallimits."Fukushimaareaasawholeishighlypolluted,*'especiallytothenorthwestofthenuclearpowerplant,theresearcherssaid.Thestudylookedatcaesium-137,whichhasahalf-lifeof30yearsandthereforeaffectstheenvironmentfordecades.

Thelegallimitforconcentrationsinsoilwherericeisgrownofthesumofcaesium-134andcaesium-137,whicharealwaysproducedtogether,is5,000becquerelsperkilograminJapan.‘TheeastFukushimaareaexceededthislimitandsomeneighboringareassuchasMiyagi,TochigiandIbarakiarepartiallyclosetothelimitunderourupper-boundestimate,"thestudysaid."EstimatedandobservedpollutioninthewesternpartsofJapanwerenotasserious,eventhoughsomeareaswerelikelyaffectedtosomeextent,"itadded.

"Concentrationintheseareasarebelow25becquerelsperkilogram,whichisfarbelowthethresholdforfarming.However,westronglyrecommendeachareatoquicklycarryoutsomesupplementarysoilsamplingsatcitylevelstovalidateourestimates."

Thestudysaid‘foodproductionineasternFukushimaareaislikelyseverelyimpairedbythecaesium-137loadsofmorethan2,500becquerelsperkilogram’.

ThestudywasledbyTeppeiYasunarioftheUniversitiesSpaceResearchAssociationintheUSstateofMaryland.Heandhisteamuseddailyobservationsin.eachJapaneseareaandcomputer-simulatedparticledispersion,modelsbasedonweatherpatterns.

JapanhasbeenonalertfortheimpactofradiationsinceanearthquakeandresultingtsunamistruckthenortheastofthecountryonMarch11,damagingtheFukushimaDaiichinuclearpowerplant.Itscoolingsystemswereknockedofflineandreactorsweresentintomeltdown,resultingintheleakingofradiation,intotheair,oceansandfoodchain.

ShipmentsofanumberoffarmproductsfromtheaffectedregionswerestoppedandeventhosethatwerenotsubjecttoofficialcontrolshavefoundlittlefavorwithJapaneseconsumerscautiousofthepotentialhealtheffects.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementiscorrect?

2.Fukushimaatomicdisaster’sdirectcauseis（

）.

3.Theradiationdidn’tgointo

（

）.

4.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichattitudedoestheJapanesehave?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Japanesefarmlandisnolongersafebecauseoftheneighboringfarmlandishighlypolluted.

B.Theconcentrationsinsoilofthesumofcaesium.-134andcaesium-137cannotexceed5,000becquerelsperkilogram.

C.Miyagi,TochigiandIbarakiareasexceedthelegallimitforconcentrationsinsoil.

D.Japaneseconsumersfromaffectedregionsdon’tworryaboutthepotentialhealtheffectsofthefoodatall.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thefallingoftheFukushimaDaiichinuclearpowerplant

B.thehurricane

C.thefoodproductionis“severelyimpaired’

D.notmentioned

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theocean

B.theair

C.thecoolingsystem

D.thefoodchain

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Angry.

B.Worried.

C.Scared.

D.Unconcerned.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】1.A選項(xiàng)表達(dá)太絕對(duì)，排除，C選項(xiàng)根據(jù)第二段‘someneighboringareassuchasMiyagi,TochigiandIbarakiarepartiallyclosetothelimitunderourupper-boundestimate,"確定是’接近于‘不是’超過(guò)‘所以排除，D選項(xiàng)根據(jù)最后一段’ShipmentsofanumberoffarmproductsfromtheaffectedregionswerestoppedandeventhosethatwerenotsubjecttoofficialcontrolshavefoundlittlefavorwithJapaneseconsumerscautiousofthepotentialhealtheffects.來(lái)自受影響地區(qū)的一些農(nóng)產(chǎn)品已被停止發(fā)貨，即便是那些不受官方控制的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，也沒(méi)有得到日本消費(fèi)者的青睞，他們擔(dān)心這些農(nóng)產(chǎn)品可能對(duì)健康造成影響。確定與原文不符，排除，所以B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.文章第一段提到Fukushimaatomicdisaster，但是全文并沒(méi)有提及原因，所以D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句‘Itscoolingsystemswereknockedofflineandreactorsweresentintomeltdown,resultingintheleakingofradiation,intotheair,oceansandfoodchain.破壞的福島核電站反應(yīng)堆冷卻系統(tǒng)是把線下和被派往崩潰,導(dǎo)致輻射泄漏,進(jìn)入空氣,海洋和食物鏈?？芍狝BD選項(xiàng)正確，C選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有提及，選擇C。

4.通過(guò)閱讀全文以及最后一段，可以知道日本人對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題是擔(dān)心的，所以B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

WhenthetimeforJane’s（

）came,therewasgreatsorrowinthehousehold.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.separation

B.departure

C.depression

D.expedition

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“離別，分別”；B選項(xiàng)“離開(kāi)，出發(fā)”；C選項(xiàng)“沮喪，不景氣”；D選項(xiàng)“遠(yuǎn)征，探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)”。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)間到（），整個(gè)家庭都陷入到一種沉重的悲傷中。一般親人啟程去某個(gè)地方就會(huì)產(chǎn)生悲傷，所以答案選B。A選項(xiàng)后面應(yīng)該填人，或者主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，所以不選。

14.單選題

Mrs.Blackfindsthatherpianohasalwayshadthemagicpoweroftakingherawayfromthegrimrealitiesofdailylifeand（

）hertofairylandofherownonceshestartedtoplay.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transforming

B.transporting

C.transplanting

D.transcending

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。transform“改變，使……變形”；transport“運(yùn)輸；流放;使狂喜"；transplant“移植；移栽；使移居”；transcend“勝過(guò)，超越”。句意：布萊克太太發(fā)現(xiàn)只要她一彈鋼琴，自己就會(huì)被這架有魔法的鋼琴?gòu)默F(xiàn)實(shí)世界帶入到自己的仙境。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

15.單選題

Assoonastheboywasabletoearnhisownlivinghe（）hisparents'strictrules.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.defied

B.refuted

C.excluded

D.vetoed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。defy“藐視，不服從”；refute“反駁，駁斥”；exclude“排除，排斥”；veto“否決，禁止”。句意：這個(gè)男孩能夠自己謀生之后就不服從他父母的那些嚴(yán)厲的規(guī)則了。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.翻譯題

40.地球快速變暖到了非常嚴(yán)峻的程度，而世界上最貧窮的國(guó)家成了極端氣候的最大受害者。未來(lái)的氣候變化可能帶來(lái)更頻繁和更嚴(yán)重的洪澇、旱災(zāi)和其他極端氣候事件，發(fā)展中國(guó)家至今還沒(méi)有良好的能力對(duì)付它們。

41.即使現(xiàn)在，地球上最貧窮的十億人口所產(chǎn)生的排放只占全球排放的3%，而最富有的十億人口占了全球排放的50%。全球還有16億人口無(wú)法獲得現(xiàn)代能源，沒(méi)有能源，國(guó)家就不能繁榮。富國(guó)只有采取強(qiáng)有力的行動(dòng)以騰出一些大氣層的“污染空間”，當(dāng)?shù)褪杖雵?guó)家在將來(lái)開(kāi)始更多排放時(shí)，才可能使全球排放達(dá)到重新平衡。

42.未來(lái)十年發(fā)生的事情將深刻影響可供我們后代進(jìn)行的選擇。延遲或不采取行動(dòng)的代價(jià)是非常高的，我們必須現(xiàn)在就行動(dòng)，必須用全人類(lèi)的聰明才智和合作精神，來(lái)對(duì)付氣候危機(jī)。

43.雖然越來(lái)越多的人都知道氣候變暖，相信需要采取行動(dòng)，但很少有人把它放在首位，太多的人在機(jī)會(huì)面前并沒(méi)有采取行動(dòng)。所以，最大的挑戰(zhàn)在于改變行為方式和制度，尤其是富國(guó)。

【答案】40.Theplanetiswarmingrapidlytoseverelevels,andtheworld’spoorestcountriesarethebiggestvictimsofextremeweather.Futureclimatechangeislikelytobringmorefrequentandseverefloods,droughtsandotherextremeweathereventsthatdevelopingcountriesarenotyetwellequippedtodealwith.

41.Evennow,thepoorestbillionpeopleontheplanetaccountforonly3%ofglobalemissions,whiletherichestbillionpeopleaccountfor50%.Andtherearestill1.6billionpeopleintheworldwhodonothaveaccesstomodernenergy.Acountrycannotprosperwithoutenergy.Rebalancingglobalemissionswillbepossibleonlyifrichcountriestakestrongactiontofreeupsomeatmospheric“pollutionspace”,thuslow-incomecountriesstarttoemitmoreinthefuture.

42.Whathappensinthenextdecadewillprofoundlyaffectthechoicesavailabletofuturegenerations.Thecostsofdelayorinactionaretoohigh,andwemustactnowtotackletheclimatecrisiswiththeingenuityandcooperationofallhumanity.

43.Althoughagrowingnumberofpeopleareawareofglobalwarmingandbelievethatactionisneeded,fewputitfirst,andtoomanypeopledonottakeactioninthefaceofopportunity.Sothebiggestchallengeisaboutchangingbehaviorandsystem,especiallyinrichcountries.

17.單選題

Heinsistedthathe____untiltheworkisfinished.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.didn’trest

B.notrest

C.wouldn’trest

D.don’trest

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.didn’trest不休息B.notrest不休息

C.wouldn’trest不休息D.don’trest不休息

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

【解題思路】這里考查insist的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。當(dāng)insist表示“堅(jiān)持要求/堅(jiān)持主張”，即that從句的動(dòng)作當(dāng)時(shí)尚未發(fā)生的話，則賓語(yǔ)從句必須使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由“should+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成,且should可以省略。對(duì)比選項(xiàng)，在這里句意為：他堅(jiān)持工作完不成就不休息。因此用insist的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。所以是insist+shouldnot+動(dòng)詞原形rest，should可以省略。因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。

【句意】他堅(jiān)持直到工作完成才會(huì)休息。

18.單選題

Anabstractis（

）

formofanacademicarticle.Manyjournalspublishabstractssoreaderscandecideifitisworthwhiletoreadthefullversionofthearticle.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concise

B.comprehensive

C.concrete

D.conceptual

【答案】A

【解析】concise簡(jiǎn)明的，簡(jiǎn)潔的；comprehensive綜合的，廣泛的；concrete具體的，有形的；conceptual概念上的。句意：摘要是學(xué)術(shù)文章的簡(jiǎn)潔形式。許多學(xué)術(shù)期刊會(huì)刊登摘要，以便讀者決定是否值得閱讀全文。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

19.單選題

Despitetheoppositionfromhisfamily,theboyremained（）inhisdecisiontomarryher.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.faithful

B.constant

C.staunch

D.resolute

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)faithful“忠誠(chéng)的”；B選項(xiàng)constant“不變的”；C選項(xiàng)staunch“堅(jiān)定的，忠誠(chéng)的”；D選項(xiàng)resolute“堅(jiān)決的，果斷的”。句意：盡管遭到家人的反對(duì)，男孩還是下定決心要娶她。這里是指果斷的下定決心，所以選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

20.翻譯題

很多已經(jīng)發(fā)表的科學(xué)論文都有錯(cuò)誤，各種因素導(dǎo)致了這個(gè)問(wèn)題。統(tǒng)計(jì)錯(cuò)誤比比皆是。在雜志決定刊載論文之前，審讀論文的同行審讀人（peerreviewers）在發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤方面比雜志或其他人更差；職業(yè)的壓力、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和進(jìn)取心驅(qū)使科學(xué)家們更快地發(fā)表文章而失去了理智。更糟的是，科學(xué)家職業(yè)體系強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)表大量論文?！安话l(fā)表論文就滅亡”的壓力已經(jīng)逐步地統(tǒng)治學(xué)術(shù)生活。

【答案】Therearemistakesinmanyscientificpapersalreadypublished.Variousfactorscontributetothisproblem.Statisticalerrorsmeettheeyeeverywhere.Beforejournalsdecidetopublishpapers,peerreviewersareinferiortojournalsorotherpeopleinfindingmistakes.Professionalpressure,competitionandenterprisepromptscientiststopublishpapersmorequicklybuttolosetheirsense.Worsestill,scientists’professionalsystememphasizesthepublicationofalargenumberofpapers.Thepressureofpublishingpapersorperishingisdominatingacademiclifegradually.

21.翻譯題

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

YourSmartphoneHasOfficiallyHijackedYourLife(46)It’stimeforyoutotakestepNo.1andacknowledgedthatthereisaproblemthatyouarepowerlesstoresolve—thatthemomentyouandyourdatefinishorderingdinneryoupulloutyoursmartphonesandstarttextingsoyoudon’thavetofacethepossibilityofsilence;thatyouhavecometobelievethatyoumore-or-lessactuallyhavereadWarandPeacebecauseyoureadtheplotsummaryonWikipedia;thatyoufindoutwhatyourkidisuptonotbytalkingtoherbutbymonitoringherFacebookpage;(47)thatatworkyousimplycannotgomorethan10minuteswithoutsurreptitiouslycheckingemailnomatterhowmuchelseyouhavetodo—andthatiftherearenonewmessagesyoufeellikeatotalloser;thatyou’realwaystakingpicturesofyourselfwithyourfriendssoyoucancheckonhowgoodyoulook;thatyoucheatonthecrosswordpuzzle;thateventhoughyou’remarriedyouarealwaysassessingyourmarketvalueon—whichisnotcheating,right?

(48)Butthinkoftheupsides.Youcannevergetlostanymore,youalwaysknowhowtopackforwhereveritisyou’regoing.Youdealwithfewermediocremeals,fewerhotelswithlousyservice.Therearenoticketlinesforthemovie,noneedforpick-uplinesatbarsorexcruciatingintroQ-and-Asatparties,noriskofboredomasyouplayTempleRunorcheckstockpricesbetweensubwaystops.(49)Goneisthefrustrationofnotbeingabletoidentifythesongyou’rehearing,ortheinadequacyofnotknowingthemeaningoftheacronymthattheknow-it-allinthenextofficeusedatyesterday’sstaffmeeting.Instantexpertiseoneverysubject,andallthedatayoucouldimaginetobackupyourownpersonalconvictionsabouttheevilsofgluten,deliveredtoyourbraininpredigestedparagraphs.Cameraatthereadyforeveryphotoop,voicerecorderforwhateverideapopsintoyourheadandoutofyourmouth.(50)Sowhatifyourattentionspanhasbeenfragmentedintonanoseconds,ifyoumeasureyoursociallifebyFacebookfriends,yourprofessionalworthbyGooglehits,andtheworstwordsyoucanimagineare“airplanemode”?

Weareallone-marshmallowOCDnarcissists,grantedbyourdevicesthemagicofcomprehensiveinstantgratification,ofself-reinforcingworldviews,ofcontroloverthedailyminutiaofourfatesandfortunes.Tonotbeirrevocablyaddictedtooursmartphoneswouldbesenseless.

Thatbeingsaid,whyisitthattheessenceofourapp-mediatedexistenceseemssoeerilyreminiscentofsomeofourmostfamousandenduringvisionsofdystopia?

【答案】【參考譯文】

46.是時(shí)候采取第一步，承認(rèn)你有一個(gè)無(wú)力解決的問(wèn)題。

47.在工作中，不管你還有多少事要做，你根本無(wú)法超過(guò)十分鐘不去偷偷地查看郵件，而且如果沒(méi)有新消息，你會(huì)覺(jué)得自己是一個(gè)十足的失敗者。

48.但是想想好的方面。你再也不會(huì)迷路了，而且無(wú)論去哪里，你都知道怎么打包行李。

49.無(wú)法辨別聽(tīng)到的歌曲的挫敗感，或者不知道隔壁辦公室那個(gè)萬(wàn)事通在昨天的員工會(huì)議上使用的首字母縮略詞的意思的不足感都已經(jīng)消失了。

50.所以，如果你的注意力被分割成幾納秒，如果你用臉書(shū)上的好友數(shù)來(lái)衡量你的社交生活，用谷歌點(diǎn)擊量來(lái)衡量你的職業(yè)價(jià)值而你能想到的最糟糕的詞是“飛行模式”，那將會(huì)怎么樣？

22.單選題

（

）asonlyasecond-rateImpressionistpainter,Pisarrohasrecentlyreceivedhighpraisefromartcritics.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hewaslongregarded

B.Longwasheregarded

C.Longregarded

D.Beinglongregarded

【答案】C

【解析】考查分詞做狀語(yǔ)。再由這里事情的發(fā)生有先后順序知使用一般過(guò)去式的C項(xiàng)正確；D項(xiàng)的被動(dòng)式現(xiàn)在分詞表原因，所以不正確。句意：長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，Pisarro一直被認(rèn)為是二流印象派畫(huà)家，最近他受到了藝術(shù)評(píng)論家的高度贊揚(yáng)。

23.單選題

Weallenjoyourfreedomofchoiceanddonotliketoseeit（

）whenitiswithinthelegalandmoralboundariesofsociety.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compacted

B.dispersed

C.delayed

D.restricted

【答案】D

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。compacted“壓縮；壓緊”；dispersed“分散；傳播”；delayed“延遲”；restricted“限制”。句意：我們都有自由選擇權(quán)，不喜歡在社會(huì)的法律和道德界限內(nèi)看到自由被限制。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

24.單選題

Thequalityofteachingshouldbemeasuredbythedegree______whichthestudents’potentialityisdeveloped.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.of

C.with

D.in

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)to“對(duì)”，B項(xiàng)of“……的”，C項(xiàng)with“和”，D項(xiàng)in“在……里”。Todegree表示“在……程度上，到……的程度”，thestudents’potentialityisdeveloped修飾thedegree，degree后面如果要用從句的話，在用which的同時(shí)還要加上介詞to。句意：教學(xué)質(zhì)量應(yīng)以學(xué)生潛能開(kāi)發(fā)的程度來(lái)衡量。因此A項(xiàng)正確。

25.單選題

Ittookusonlyafewhoursto______thepaperoffallfourwalls.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shear

B.scrape

C.stroke

D.chip

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.shear給（羊）剪（羊毛），剪（頭發(fā)）

B.scrape刮掉，削去

C.stroke輕撫，撫摩（動(dòng)物的毛皮、物體表面或頭發(fā)等）D.chip打破，將（土豆等）切條，鑿下（碎片、屑片）

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)空格后的關(guān)鍵詞paper（紙）可知，空格處表示“刮掉”符合語(yǔ)義。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】我們只花了幾個(gè)小時(shí)就把四面墻的紙刮掉了。

26.單選題

Itwasawonderfuloccasionwhichwewill（

）formanyyearstocome.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conceive

B.clutch

C.cherish

D.contrive

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。conceive“構(gòu)思，懷孕，考慮”；clutch“緊握，抓住”；cherish“珍惜”；contrive“設(shè)計(jì)，發(fā)明，圖謀”。

句意：在未來(lái)的很多年里我們都會(huì)珍惜這個(gè)美好的時(shí)刻。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

27.單選題

Asawisemanoncesaid,weareallultimatelyalone.ButanincreasingnumberofEuropeansarechoosingtobesoatanevenearlierage.Thisisn’tthestuffofgloomyphilosophicalcontemplations,butafactofEurope’sneweconomiclandscape,embracedbysociologists,real-estatedevelopersandadexecutivesalike.Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe“irresistiblemomentumofindividualism”overthelastcentury.Thecommunicationsrevolutiontheshiftfromabusinesscultureofstabilitytooneofmobilityandthemassentryofwomenintotheworkforcehavegreatlywreakedhavocon（擾亂）European’sprivatelives.

Europe’sneweconomicclimatehaslargelyfosteredthetrendtowardindependence.Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope’sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmerican-stylecapitalism.Raisedinaneraofprivatizationandincreasedconsumerchoice,today’stech-savvy（精通技術(shù)的）workershaveembracedafreemarketinloveaswellaseconomics.ModernEuropeansarerichenoughtoaffordtolivealone,andtemperamentallyindependentenoughtowanttodoso.

Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalonetendedtobethoseoneithersideofmarriage—twentysomethingprofessionalsorwidowedseniorcitizens.Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupalargeproportionofthoselivingalone,thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice.Livingalonewasconceivedtobenegativedarkandcold,whilebeingtogethersuggestedwarmthandlight.Butthencamealongtheideaofsingles.Theywereyoung,beautifulandstrong!Now,youngpeoplewanttolivealone.

Theboomingeconomymeanspeopleareworkingharderthanever.Andthatdoesn’tleavemuchroomforrelationships.PimpiArroyo,a35-year-oldcomposerwholivesaloneinahouseinParis,sayshehasn’tgottimetogetlonelybecausehehastoomuchwork.“Ihavedeadlineswhichwouldmakelifewithsomeoneelsefairlydifficult.”O(jiān)nlyanidealwomanwouldmakehimchangehislifestyle,hesays.Kaufrnann,authorofarecentbookcalled“TheSingleWomanandPrinceCharming,”thinksthisfiercenewindividualismmeansthatpeopleexpectmoreandmoreofmates,sorelationshipsdon’tlastlongiftheystartatall.EppendorfablondBerlinerwithadeeptan,teachesgradeschoolinthemornings.Intheafternoonshesunbathesorsleeps,restingupforgoingdancing.Justshyof50,shesaysshe’dneverhavewantedtodowhathermotherdidgiveupacareertoraiseafamily.Instead,“I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.”

1.MoreandmoreyoungEuropeansremainsinglebecause（

）.

2.WhatissaidaboutEuropeansocietyinthepassage?

3.AccordingtoParagraph3,thenewestgroupofsinglesare

（

）.

4.TheauthorquotesEppendorftoshowthat

（

）.

5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyaredrivenbyanoverwhelmingsenseofindividualism

B.theyhaveenteredtheworkforceatamuchearlierage

C.theyhaveembracedabusinesscultureofstability

D.theyarepessimisticabouttheireconomicfuture

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Ithasfosteredthetrendtowardssmallfamilies.

B.ItisgettingclosertoAmericanstylecapitalism.

C.Ithaslimitedconsumerchoicedespiteafreemarket.

D.Itisbeingthreatenedbyirresistibleprivatization.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.warmandlightheated

B.oneithersideofmarriage

C.negativeandgloomy

D.healthyandwealthy

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.somemodernwomenpreferalifeofindividualfreedom

B.thefamilyisnolongerthebasicunitofsocietyinpresent-dayEurope

C.someprofessionalpeoplehavetoomuchworktodotofeellonely

D.mostEuropeansconceivelivingasinglelifeasunacceptable

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Toreviewtheimpactofwomenbecominghighearners.

B.Tocontemplatethephilosophyunderlyingindividualism.

C.Toexaminethetrendofyoungpeoplelivingalone.

D.Tostresstherebuildingofpersonalrelationships.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe"irresistiblemomentumofindividualism"overthelastcentury.（一位法國(guó)社會(huì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，從家庭生活到獨(dú)處生活方式的轉(zhuǎn)變，是上個(gè)世紀(jì)“不可抗拒的個(gè)人主義勢(shì)頭”的一部分）可知A選項(xiàng)“他們受到強(qiáng)烈的個(gè)人主義的驅(qū)使”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope'sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmerican-stylecapitalism.（在歐洲從社會(huì)民主向更尖銳、更個(gè)人主義的美國(guó)式資本主義轉(zhuǎn)變的過(guò)程中，當(dāng)代的獨(dú)居者逐漸成熟）可知B選項(xiàng)“歐洲社會(huì)越來(lái)越接近美國(guó)式的資本主義”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中的thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoiceTheywereyoung,beautifulandstrong!（最新一批單身人士是三四十歲的高收入者，他們?cè)絹?lái)越認(rèn)為獨(dú)居是一種生活方式的選擇……他們年輕，漂亮，強(qiáng)壯?。┛芍狣選項(xiàng)“健康和富有”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中I'vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.（我總是做我想做的事：過(guò)一種自主的生活）可知A選項(xiàng)“一些現(xiàn)代女性更喜歡個(gè)人自由的生活”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。文章第一段講述了越來(lái)越多的歐洲人選擇在年輕時(shí)保持單身；第二段講述了歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展促進(jìn)了獨(dú)立趨勢(shì)，使人們具有獨(dú)立生活的能力；第三段講述了越來(lái)越多的高收入者選擇獨(dú)居生活；第四段舉例人們選擇單身的原因與個(gè)人事業(yè)發(fā)展有關(guān)。本文一直都是圍繞單身這個(gè)主題來(lái)展開(kāi)闡述，已經(jīng)成為一種趨勢(shì)，因此C選項(xiàng)“研究年輕人獨(dú)居的趨勢(shì)”符合題意。

28.單選題

Hemanagedto（）hiswayintoheraffection.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tail

B.worm

C.wolf

D.rocket

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)tail“尾隨，裝上尾巴”；B選項(xiàng)worm“使蠕動(dòng)，使緩慢、曲折前進(jìn)”；wormone’swayinto“隱藏真正的意圖混入某個(gè)地區(qū)或組織，混入，費(fèi)一番功夫打入”，例如：Hemanagetowormhiswayintoherlife.（他設(shè)法騙取信任進(jìn)入了她的生活。）；C選項(xiàng)wolf“大吃，狼吞虎咽地吃”；D選項(xiàng)rocket”迅速增加，飛速移動(dòng)”。句意：他設(shè)法贏得他的喜愛(ài)。由選項(xiàng)意思和固定搭配可知，B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

29.單選題

Afterconsideringvariousalternatives,wedecidedto______ouroriginalplan.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hangon

B.holdto

C.taketo

D.seeto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)hangon“堅(jiān)持下去，握住不放”，尤指不掛上電話以等待想要的或要求的事物；B項(xiàng)holdto“堅(jiān)持，緊握”，指堅(jiān)持某個(gè)看法或路線；C項(xiàng)taketo“喜歡，開(kāi)始從事”，D項(xiàng)seeto“注意，負(fù)責(zé)”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞originalplan“原來(lái)的計(jì)劃”結(jié)合前半句句子意思“在考慮了各種替代方案后”可知，空格部分表示“堅(jiān)持”，所以只有B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：考慮了各種可選擇的方案后，我們決定堅(jiān)持原來(lái)的計(jì)劃。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

30.單選題

Passage3Theprocessofperceivingothersisrarelytranslated(toourselvesorothers)intocold,objectiveterms.“Shewas5feet8inchestall,hadfairhair,andworeacoloredskirt.”Moreoften,wetrytogetinsidetheotherpersontopinpoint(強(qiáng)調(diào))hisorherattitudes,emotions,motivations,abilities,ideas,andcharacters.Furthermorewesometimesbehaveasifwecanaccomplishthisdifficultjobveryquickly—perhapswithatwo-secondglance.

Wetrytoobtainformationaboutothersinmanyways.Bergersuggestsseveralmethodsforreducinguncertaintiesaboutothers;whoareknowntoyousoyoucancomparetheobservedperson'sbehaviorwiththeknownothers'behavior,observingapersoninasituationwheresocialbehaviorisrelativelyunrestrainedorwhereawidevarietyofbehavioralresponsesarecalledfor,deliberatelystructuringthephysicalorsocialenvironmentsoastoobservetheperson’sresponsestospecificstimuli(刺激因素),askingpeoplewhohavehadorhavefrequentcontactwiththepersonabouthimorher,andusingvariousstrategiesinface-to-faceinteractiontouncoverinformationaboutanotherperson—question,self-disclosures,andsoon.

Gettingtoknowsomeoneisanever-endingtask,largelybecausepeopleareconstantlychangingandthemethodsweusetoobtaininformationareoftenimprecise.Youmayhaveknownsomeonefortenyearsandstillknowverylittleabouthim.Ifweaccepteideathatwewon’teverfullyknowanotherperson,itenablesustodealmoreeasilywiththosethingsthatgetinthewayofaccurateknowledgesuchassecretsanddeceptions.Itwillalsokeepusfrombeingtoosurprisedorshockedbyseeminglyinconsistentbehavior.Ironically,thosethingsthatkeepusfromknowinganotherpersontoowell(e.g.secretsanddeceptions)maybejustasimportanttothedevelopmentofasatisfyingrelationshipasthosethingsthatenableustoobtainaccurateknowledgeaboutaperson(e.g.disclosesandtruthfulstatement).

31.Accordingtothepassage,ifweperceiveaperson,wearelikelytobeinterestedin______.

32.Somepeopleareoftensurprisedbywhatotherpeopledo.AccordingtoBerger,thatismainlybecause______.

33.Wemayhaveknownsomeonefortenyearsandstillknowverylittleabouthimbecause______.

34.Therearethingsthatwefindpreventingusfromknowingothers.Thesethingsare______.

35.Thispassagemainlyconcerns______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whathewears

B.howtallheis

C.howhappyheis

D.whatcolorhedyeshishair

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.somepeoplearemoreemotionalthanothers

B.somepeoplearenotawareofthefactthatwewillnevercompletelyknowanotherperson

C.somepeoplearesensitiveenoughtosensethechangeofotherpeople’sattitudes

D.somepeoplechoosetokeeptothemselves

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.wedon’taccepttheideathatwemightneverfullyknowanotherperson

B.weoftengetinformationinacasualandinexactway

C.wepaymoreattentiontootherpeoplesmotivationsandemotions

D.weoftenhaveface-to-faceconversationwithhim

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.disclosures

B.deceptions

C.stimuli

D.interactions

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theperceptionofotherpeople

B.therelationshipbetweenpeople

C.secretsanddeceptionsofpeople

D.people’sattitudesandcharacter

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】31.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

31.Accordingtothepassage,ifweperceiveaperson,wearelikelytobeinterestedin______.31.根據(jù)文章，如果我們感知一個(gè)人，我們可能會(huì)對(duì)______感興趣。

A.whathewearsA.他的穿著

B.howtallheisB.他的身高

C.howhappyheisC.他有多快樂(lè)

D.whatcolorhedyeshishairD.他染什么顏色的頭發(fā)

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段第三句“更多的時(shí)候（Moreoften），我們?cè)噲D進(jìn)入對(duì)方的內(nèi)心，找出他或她的態(tài)度、情感、動(dòng)機(jī)、能力、想法和性格”可知，在感知一個(gè)人的時(shí)候，我們更多的是進(jìn)入對(duì)方的內(nèi)心，感知他或她的態(tài)度、情感、動(dòng)機(jī)、能力、想法和性格，C項(xiàng)“他有多快樂(lè)”屬于情感上的感知，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“他的穿著”、B項(xiàng)“他的身高”和D項(xiàng)“他染什么顏色的頭發(fā)”都不屬于感知對(duì)方內(nèi)心的內(nèi)容，這三項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

32.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

32.Somepeopleareoftensurprisedbywhatotherpeopledo.Ac