考研考博-英語-廣東體育職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣東體育職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Putondarkglassesorthesunwill（

）youandyouwon'tbeabletosee.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discern

B.distort

C.dazzle

D.distract

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。discern意為“識別，覺察出，看出”；distort意為“歪曲，扭曲”；dazzle意為“使目?！保籨istract意為“使分心”。

句意：戴上墨鏡，否則太陽會讓你眼花，你會看不見。

2.單選題

Hisparents______,theorphanisnowtakencareofbythegovernment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.havedied

B.dead

C.dying

D.havingdied

【答案】D

【解析】考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：因?yàn)樗母改敢呀?jīng)去世，這個孤兒現(xiàn)在由政府照顧。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)句子中作狀語，非謂語動詞主動用現(xiàn)在分詞，被動用過去分詞。在這里Hisparents主動die，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞，動作發(fā)生在之前且對現(xiàn)在有影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時，D選項(xiàng)havingdied正確，其余選項(xiàng)語法錯誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.翻譯題

Theeducatedmanispresumedtoknowwhatiswrongintheworld,andwhatshouldbedonetorectifyit.Ifhiseducationhasamountedtoanything,itshouldhaveincreasedhisabilitytothinkclearlyandscientifically,andthustoknowhowtogetatthecauseandeffectofpolitical,social,economicindustrialevils.Nomanhasrighttoconsidereducationasmerelyapersonalbenefitenablinghimtobemoreprosperousandhappyintheworld.Hemustlookuponitasimposinguponhimaresponsibilitytoincreasethewelfareofothers.Toomanyregarditastheirownpossession,anddonotrealizethatitissomethingtobesharedwithothers,andtobeusedforgoodofsocietyatlarge.

【答案】受過教育的人被認(rèn)定能辨別是非,并能正確改正。如果他受的教育已經(jīng)達(dá)到了一定程度,便能提高其進(jìn)行清晰和科學(xué)思維的能力,從而了解政治、社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)工業(yè)犯罪所產(chǎn)生的原因和所造成的影響。沒有任何人有資格只把教師當(dāng)作自己的個人利益,利用教育使自己在這世界上變得更加富有和幸福。他必須把它看作為強(qiáng)加于他身上的以増加他人福利的職責(zé)。太多人把教育作為自己獨(dú)有的財(cái)富,從未認(rèn)識到應(yīng)該與他人一起分享,將其最大限度地用在社會公益事業(yè)上。

4.單選題

______thewall,wedecidedthatweshouldneedthreetinsofpaint.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Makingup

B.Doingup

C.Puttingup

D.Sizingup

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配的用法。A項(xiàng)makeup“構(gòu)成、化妝”；B項(xiàng)doup“扎、捆”；C項(xiàng)putup“舉起、建造”；D項(xiàng)sizeup“判斷、估量”；句意：我們估量了一下這面墻，決定需要三罐油漆。因此該題D項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Itisalsobelievedthatthesesteroidscouldbeusedtotreatdisorderssuchasacuteanxietyandpremenstrualsyndrome.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.enmity

B.symptom

C.adversity

D.plaintiff

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.enmity敵意B.symptom癥狀

C.adversity逆境D.plaintiff原告

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析

【解題思路】原句中劃線詞受premenstrual“經(jīng)期前的”修飾，并且與acuteanxiety“急性焦慮”并列；原詞syndrome“綜合癥狀”。因此，B選項(xiàng)symptom“癥狀”與原詞最接近，最符合原句句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合原句句意。

【句意】人們也認(rèn)為，這些類固醇可以用于治療急性焦慮和經(jīng)前綜合癥等疾病。

6.單選題

Waterwillcontinuetobe（

）itistoday—nextinimportancetooxygen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.how

B.which

C.as

D.what

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法。后面破折號的內(nèi)容是對前一句做進(jìn)一步的補(bǔ)充說明，空格處所在句子為表語從句，所填詞引導(dǎo)表語從句且在句中做賓語。故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：水將依然處于僅次于氧氣的重要地位。

7.單選題

Verbalarthastheabilitytoshapeoutacompellinginnerversioninsomeskillfullycratedpublicverbalform.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.joyful

B.intricate

C.competing

D.forceful

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。題干compelling“不可抗拒的；令人信服的”。A項(xiàng)“高興的；快樂的”，B項(xiàng)“錯綜復(fù)雜的”，C項(xiàng)“相互沖突的；相互矛盾的”，D項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)有力的；有說服力的”。因此只有D項(xiàng)符合。句意：言語藝術(shù)有能力以一種技巧嫻熟的公開言語形式塑造出引人入勝的內(nèi)部版本。

8.填空題

AsevereshortageofdriverscouldhurttheU.S.economy,whichreliesheavilyontrucking.Thoseintheindustrysayopeningsnumberinthethousands,ifonlytensofthousands.Theshortageisunlikelytoendsoon.Thegovernmentestimatesthenumberoftruckdriverswillraise19%from2002to2012,makingdrivingoneofthefastest-growingoccupationsduringthose10years.Truckingcompaniesaretryingtofilljobsbyofferingdriverscashbonusesandprizessuchasboatsandvacationstoreferfellowdriverswhoswitchtheirfirms.Basepayisrising,andtruckingcompaniesareguaranteeingdriversmuchtimeathome.Firmsareofferinggenerous401(k),stockoptionandhealthcarepackagesandotherperks.TruckstopsnowhavemessagetherapistsandWi-Ficomputertechnology.Still,thenumberofdriversiswoefullyinadequate.It’snotjustanissueofrecruiting.Retainingdrivershasbecomeconstantheadache:Theturnoverrateatlargetrucking-companieswas116%inthesecondquarter,accordingtotheAmericanTruckingAssociations.“Idefinethisasthemostseriousproblemtheindustryhas.”saysDuffSwain,presidentofTrinconGroup,transportationconsultingfirminColumbus,Ohio.Companieshehasbeenspeakingtorecentlysay10%oftheirtrucksareidlebecausetheycan’tfindenoughdrivers.Itgoeslongwaybeyondtrucking.Truckscarried

morethanthree-quartersofthegoodsthattravelintheUSAin2003.Iftherearen’tenoughdriverstohaulthenation’sproduction,theeconomyrunstheriskofstumbling.Plus,ifdriverscanbefoundonlybyraisingpayandbenefits,thosecostscouldbepassedalongandeventuallycouldshowupinhigherconsumerprices.

1.______

2.______

3.______

4.______

5.______

6.______

7.______

8.______

9.______

10.______

【答案】1.【答案】ifonly改成ifnot

2.【答案】willraise改成rise

3.【答案】switch∧theirfirms加上to

4.【答案】muchtime改成moretime

5.【答案】message改成massage

6.【答案】become∧constantheadache加上a

7.【答案】∧transportationconsultingfirm加上a

8.【答案】goeslongwaybeyond去掉long

9.【答案】travel改成traveled

10.【答案】production改為product

【解析】1.【解題思路】根據(jù)上一句的意思“司機(jī)嚴(yán)重短缺可能會損害嚴(yán)重依賴卡車運(yùn)輸?shù)拿绹?jīng)濟(jì)”可知，這一句的句意應(yīng)該是“司機(jī)的空缺職位如果沒有成千上萬個，也有幾千個”，而ifonly表示“只要，要是……多好”，在這不符合句子意思。所以要將ifonly改為ifnot，表示“如果不是，如果沒有”。

2.【解題思路】raise為及物動詞，表示“提高，升起，上升”，rise為不及物動詞，表示“升起，數(shù)量增加”；及物動詞后面要接賓語，即動作的對象，不及物動詞后不需要加賓語，本句話中willraise后接的并不是raise這個動作的對象，動作的對象thenumberoftruckdrivers在本句話中當(dāng)主語，且此處表示卡車司機(jī)的數(shù)量上升，使用raise不符合語法規(guī)則，根據(jù)后半截from2002to2012可知不能用將來時，時態(tài)和主干部分的謂語動詞estimates保持一致，即一般現(xiàn)在時，所以要將willraise改成rise。

3.【解題思路】動詞詞組switchto表示“切換到，轉(zhuǎn)到，轉(zhuǎn)變成”。此處表示“向司機(jī)提供現(xiàn)金獎金和獎品的方式來使得司機(jī)推薦其他伙伴轉(zhuǎn)到他們公司”。因此，此處要添加介詞to。

4.【解題思路】根據(jù)句意“司機(jī)的基本工資在提高，公司也保障司機(jī)有更多的時間待在家里”可知，此處為比較級，所以要用more。故將muchtime改為moretime。

5.【解題思路】由therapists（理療師）可知，該句句意是“卡車站點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在還有按摩醫(yī)師以及Wi-Fi服務(wù)”，而message表示“信息”，所以要將message改為massage。

6.【解題思路】根據(jù)句意“留住司機(jī)已經(jīng)變成一件頭疼的事”可知，headache表示“令人頭疼的事”，為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，因此前面要加不定冠詞a。

7.【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，transportationconsultingfirminColumbus（哥倫布的運(yùn)輸咨詢公司）做同位語，解釋說明TrinconGroup公司是一家位于哥倫布的交通運(yùn)輸咨詢公司，因此要加不定冠詞a。只有同位語表示特指的職位或角色時才選用零冠詞。

8.【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“這遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了卡車運(yùn)輸。”可知，golongwaybeyond表示“遠(yuǎn)超出”，而表示“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出”短語用gowaybeyond即可，不需要加形容詞long，故把long去掉。

9.【解題思路】根據(jù)句子后半截內(nèi)容in2003可知本處應(yīng)該是過去時態(tài)，且主干部分的謂語carried也是過去時態(tài)，保持一致，需要將travel改成過去式traveled。

10.【解題思路】production和product都表示“產(chǎn)品”。但production特指詩歌、雕刻、繪畫等文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品，而product表示體力勞動或腦力勞動所產(chǎn)生的東西，一般多指工業(yè)品，也可指農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。此處卡車?yán)叩牟皇俏膶W(xué)藝術(shù)作品，因此要將production改為product。

9.單選題

Hereisagreatironyof21st-centuryglobalpublichealth;whilemanyhundredsofmillionsofpeoplelackadequatefoodasaresultofeconomicinequities,politicalcorruption,orwarfare,manyhundredsofmillionsmoreareoverweighttothepointofincreasedriskfordiet-relatedchronicdiseases.Obesityisaworldwidephenomenon,affectingchildrenaswellasadultsandforcingallbutthepoorestcountriestodivertscarceresourcesawayfromfoodsecuritytotakecareofpeoplewithpreventableheartdiseaseanddiabetes.

Toreversetheobesityepidemic,wemustaddressfundamentalcauses.Overweightcomesfromconsumingmorefoodenergythanisexpendedinactivity.Thecauseofthisimbalancealsoisironic:improvedprosperity.Peopleuseextraincometoeatmoreandbelessactive.Marketeconomiesencouragethis.Theyturnpeoplewithexpendableincomeintoconsumersofaggressivelymarketedfoodsthatarehighinenergybutlowinnutritionalvalue,andofcars,televisionsets,andcomputersthatpromotesedentarybehavior.Gainingweightisgoodforbusiness.Foodisparticularlybigbusinessbecauseeveryoneeats.

Moreover,foodissooverproducedthatmanycountries,especiallytherichones,havefarmorethantheyneed—anotherirony.IntheUnitedStates,totakeanextremeexample,mostadults—ofallages,incomes,educationallevels,andcensuscategories—areoverweight.TheU.S.foodsupplyprovides3,800kilocaloriesperpersonperday,nearlytwiceasmuchasrequiredbymanyadults.Overabundantfoodforcescompaniestocompeteforsalesthroughadvertising,healthclaims,newproducts,largerportions,andcampaignsdirectedtowardschildren.Foodmarketingpromotesweightgain.Indeed,itisdifficulttothinkofanymajorindustrythatmightbenefitifpeopleatelessfood;certainlynottheagriculture,foodproduct,grocery,restaurant,diet,ordrugindustries.Allflourishwhenpeopleeatmore,andallemployarmiesoflobbyiststodiscouragegovernmentsfromdoinganythingtoinhibitovereating.

1.Thegreatironyof21stcenturyglobalpublichealthrefersto（）.

2.Toaddressthefundamentalcauseoftheobesityepidemic,accordingtothepassage,is（）.

3.Aswecanlearnfromthepassage,thesecondironyrefersto（）.

4.Asaresultofthethirdirony,people（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeexcludedbasedonthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thecauseofobesityanditscounteractivemeasures

B.theinsufficientandsuperfluousconsumptionoffood

C.thescarcenaturalresourceandthenegligenceoffoodsecurity

D.theconsumptionoffoodandtheincreasedriskofdiet-relateddiseases

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.toimprovepoliticalandeconomicmanagement

B.tocopewiththeenergyimbalanceissue

C.tocombatdiet-relatedchronicdiseases

D.toincreaseinvestmentinglobalhealth

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.affluenceandobesity

B.foodenergyandnutritionalvalue

C.foodbusinessandeconomicprosperity

D.diseasesofcivilizationandpathologyofinactivity

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.consume3800kilocaloriesonadailybasis

B.complainaboutfoodoverproduction

C.havetoraisetheirfoodexpenses

D.aredriventowardsweightgain

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theeconomicdimension.

B.Thepoliticaldimension.

C.Thehumanedimension.

D.Thedietarydimension.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第一段“Hereisagreatironyof21st-centuryglobalpublichealth;whilemanyhundredsofmillionsofpeoplelackadequatefoodasaresultofeconomicinequities,politicalcorruption,orwarfare,manyhundredsofmillionsmoreareoverweighttothepointofincreasedriskfordiet-relatedchronicdiseases”,這是21世紀(jì)全球公共衛(wèi)生的一個巨大諷刺；雖然由于經(jīng)濟(jì)不平等、政治腐敗或戰(zhàn)爭，數(shù)以億計(jì)的人缺乏足夠的食物，但還有數(shù)以億計(jì)的人體重過重，已增加了患與飲食有關(guān)的慢性疾病的風(fēng)險。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第二段“Thecauseofthisimbalancealsoisironic:improvedprosperity”,這種失衡的原因同樣具有諷刺意味：繁榮程度的提高，最后一段“Allflourishwhenpeopleeatmore,andallemployarmiesoflobbyiststodiscouragegovernmentsfromdoinganythingtoinhibitovereating”，當(dāng)人們吃得更多的時候，所有國家都繁榮昌盛，所有國家都雇傭成群的說客來阻止政府采取任何措施抑制過度飲食。由此可知，要解決肥胖的流行，要從經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治方面進(jìn)行管理。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第二段“Thecauseofthisimbalancealsoisironic:improvedprosperity.Peopleuseextraincometoeatmoreandbelessactive”,這種失衡的原因同樣具有諷刺意味：繁榮程度的提高。人們用額外的收入吃得更多，少做運(yùn)動。由此可知，人們在變得富裕的同時，卻也有了肥胖癥同樣也是一種諷刺。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章最后一段“Overabundantfoodforcescompaniestocompeteforsalesthroughadvertising,healthclaims,newproducts,largerportions,andcampaignsdirectedtowardschildren.Foodmarketingpromotesweightgain.”，過多的食物迫使公司通過廣告、健康宣傳、新產(chǎn)品、更大的份量和針對兒童的活動來競爭銷售。食品營銷促進(jìn)體重增加。由此可知，人們在這種食品過剩的大環(huán)境中，被迫攝入過多的熱量，最后體重增加。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文中并未涉及到人文維度。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Foraboutthreecenturieswehavebeendoingscience,tryingscienceout,usingsciencefortheconstructionofwhatwecallmoderncivilization.Everydispensableitemofcontemporarytechnology,fromcanallockstodialtelephonestopenicillin,waspiecedtogetherfromtheanalysisofdataprovidedbyoneoranotherseriesofscientificexperiments.Threehundredyearsseemsalongtimefortestinganewapproachtohumaninteraction,longenoughtosettlebackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod,maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitornot.Thereisanargument.

Voiceshavebeenraisedinprotestsincethebeginning,risinginpitchandviolenceinthenineteenthcenturyduringtheearlystagesoftheindustrialrevolution,summoningurgentcrowdsintothestreetsanydayontheissueofnuclearenergy.Theprincipaldiscoveriesinthiscentury,allinall,aretheglimpsesofthedepthofourignoranceaboutnature.Thingsthatusedtoseemclearandrational,mattersofabsolutecertainty—Newtonianmechanics,forexample—haveslippedthroughourfingers,andweareleftwithanewsetofgiganticpuzzles,cosmicuncertainties,ambiguities;someofthelawsofphysicsareamendedeveryfewyears,somearecanceledoutright,someundergorevisedversionsoflegislativeintentasiftheywereactsofCongress.

JustthirtyyearsagowecallitabiologicalrevolutionwhenthefantasticgeometryoftheDNAmoleculewasexposedtopublicviewandthelinearlanguageofgeneticswasdecoded.Forawhile,thingsseemedsimpleandclear,thecellwasaneatlittlemachine,amechanicaldevicereadyfortakingtopiecesandreassembling,likeatinywatch.Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecomealmostunbelievablycomplex,filledwithstrangepartswhosefunctionsarebeyondtoday’simagining.

Itisnotjustthatthereismoretodo;thereiseverythingtodo.Whatliesahead,orwhatcanlieaheadiftheeffortsinbasicresearcharecontinued,ismuchmorethantheconquestofhumandiseaseortheimprovementofagriculturaltechnologyorthecultivationofnutrientsinthesea.Aswelearnmoreaboutfundamentalprocessesoflivingthingsingeneralwewilllearnmoreaboutourselves.

51.WhatCAN’Tbeinferredfromthelstparagraph?

52.Man’sattitudetowardscientificdiscoverieshasalwaysbeen（）.

53.Scientistshavediscoveredinthepastfewyearsthat（）.

54.Whatwashailedasabiologicalrevolutionthirtyyearsago?

55.Thewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassageistosaythat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Scientificexperimentsinthepastthreehundredyearshaveproducedmanyvaluableitems.

B.Forthreehundredyearstherehavebeenpeopleholdinghostileattitudetowardscience.

C.Forcenturiesscientificdiscoverieshavebeenhailedbythehumanworldunanimously.

D.Threehundredyearsisnotlongenoughtosettlebackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.suspicious

B.undoubting

C.cynical

D.critical

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theexposureofDNAtothepublicisunnecessary

B.thetinycellinDNAisaneatlittlemachine

C.manactuallyknowsnothingaboutDNA

D.manhasmuchtolearnaboutDNA

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.DiscoveryofthestructureofDNA.

B.Thedecodingofthelinearlanguage.

C.Themechanicaldevicefoundinthehumancell.

D.TheunbelievablecomplexityofDN

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.sciencehasgreatlyimprovedman’slife

B.scienceisfarfromperfectinexplorationoftheworld

C.sciencehasreacheditsclimaxinmanyfields

D.sciencehasdonetoolittletohumanbeings

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】51.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段，第一段講述了科學(xué)相關(guān)的歷史，定位到倒數(shù)第二句話Threehundredyearsseemsalongtimefortestinganewapproachtohumaninteraction,longenoughtosettlebackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod,maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitornot.（對于測試一種人類互動的新方法來說，三百年似乎太長了，足夠讓人們回過頭來對科學(xué)方法進(jìn)行批判性評估，甚至可能足夠讓人們投票決定是否繼續(xù)使用它。）通過這句話可以得出，三百年的時候足夠長，以至于人們開始批判性的評估科學(xué)了，因此C選項(xiàng)“幾個世紀(jì)以來，科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)一直受到人類世界的一致歡迎”，是和文章不符合的，因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)已經(jīng)開始被質(zhì)疑了，因此C選項(xiàng)當(dāng)選。A選項(xiàng)“過去三百年的科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)產(chǎn)生了許多有價值的東西”，是文章中提到的；B選項(xiàng)“三百年來，有人對科學(xué)持?jǐn)硨B(tài)度”，是文章的觀點(diǎn)；D選項(xiàng)“三百年的時間不足以讓我們回過頭來對科學(xué)方法進(jìn)行批判性的評價”，這個雖然與原文看似不符合，但是后文有一句Thereisanargument.“但是這是有爭議的?！笨梢钥闯鲞@句話是有爭議的，因此D選項(xiàng)是有爭議的，不當(dāng)選。

52.根據(jù)題干定位到第二段的最后一句someofthelawsofphysicsareamendedeveryfewyears，somearecanceledoutright,someundergorevisedversionsoflegislativeintentasiftheywereactsofCongress.（有些物理定律每隔幾年就會被修改，有些被徹底取消，有些經(jīng)過了立法意圖的修訂，就好像它們是國會的法案一樣。）可以得知人類對待科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并不認(rèn)為它們是完美無缺的，而是不斷修正、擯棄，甚至采取立法手段加以規(guī)范的，因此D選項(xiàng)“批判的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“懷疑的”；B選項(xiàng)“毋庸置疑的”；C選項(xiàng)“憤世嫉俗的”都不正確。

53.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段的最后一句話Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecomealmostunbelievablycomplex,filledwithstrangepartswhosefunctionsarebeyondtoday’simagining.（但就在最近幾年，它已經(jīng)變得幾乎令人難以置信的復(fù)雜，充滿了奇怪的部分，其功能超出了今天的想象。）可知，人們對于DNA的研究還所知甚少，因此D選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于DNA，人類還有很多要學(xué)習(xí)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“將DNA暴露給公眾是不必要的”，與原文不符；B選項(xiàng)“DNA中的微小細(xì)胞是一臺整潔的小機(jī)器”，是細(xì)胞，不是DNA中的細(xì)胞；C選項(xiàng)“人類實(shí)際上對DNA一無所知”，并不是一無所知，只是知之甚少。

54.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段的第一句話JustthirtyyearsagowecallitabiologicalrevolutionwhenthefantasticgeometryoftheDNAmoleculewasexposedtopublicviewandthelinearlanguageofgeneticswasdecoded.（就在30年前，當(dāng)DNA分子奇妙的幾何結(jié)構(gòu)暴露在公眾視野中，遺傳學(xué)的線性語言被破譯時，我們稱之為一場生物學(xué)革命。）因此B選項(xiàng)“對線性語言的解碼”正確。A選項(xiàng)“DNA結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)現(xiàn)”；C選項(xiàng)“在人體細(xì)胞中發(fā)現(xiàn)的機(jī)械裝置”以及D選項(xiàng)“DNA的復(fù)雜性令人難以置信”，都不是三十年前被稱為生物學(xué)革命的原因。

55.主旨?xì)w納題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一段Itisnotjustthatthereismoretodo;thereiseverythingtodo.（這不僅僅是因?yàn)槲覀冇懈嗟墓ぷ饕?；有很多事情要做。）從而清楚地表明了作者的觀點(diǎn)：科學(xué)剛剛起步，前面的路還很長。因此B選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)在探索世界的過程中遠(yuǎn)非完美”是文章的同義轉(zhuǎn)述項(xiàng)，正確。A選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)極大地改善了人們的生活”，這個說法是正確的，但是不是作者寫這篇文章的目的；C選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)在許多領(lǐng)域都達(dá)到了頂峰”，無關(guān)項(xiàng)；D選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)對人類的貢獻(xiàn)太少了”，與原文不符。

11.單選題

______elephantsaredifferentfromwildelephantsinmanyaspects,includingtheirtempers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Cultivated

B.Regulated

C.Civil

D.Tame

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Cultivated用于耕作的；有教養(yǎng)的B.Regulated調(diào)節(jié)的

C.Civil國民的；平民的D.Tame養(yǎng)馴的，馴服的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】按照句意“______的大象和野象在很多方面都不一樣，包括它們的脾氣”可知，野象脾氣不穩(wěn)定，而馴服的大象會更溫順，所以空格處表示“馴服的”符合句意，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】馴象和野象在很多方面都不一樣，包括它們的脾氣。

12.單選題

Ifyougototheparkearlyinthemorning,you’ll____findMr.SmithdoingTaijiquan(traditionalChineseshadowboxing)there.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.invariably

B.invalidly

C.innovatively

D.instantaneously

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.invariably始終如一地；一貫地B.invalidly無價值地；無用地

C.innovatively獨(dú)創(chuàng)性地D.instantaneously瞬間地；稍縱即逝地

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】副詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：如果你一大早去公園，你會……發(fā)現(xiàn)史密斯先生在那里打太極拳。根據(jù)邏輯，應(yīng)該是會總是看到他在公園打太極拳。因此選A選項(xiàng)invariably“始終如一地；一貫地”。invariably相當(dāng)于always，可引申為“總是”的意思。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)的邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】如果你一大早去公園，你總會發(fā)現(xiàn)史密斯先生在那里打太極拳。

13.單選題

Governor(州長)PatersonandMayorBloombergagreeonatleastonething—thatthetoppriorityforrebuildingGroundZeroisthecreationofamemorial,whichcouldbebuiltbythe10thanniversaryofSeptember11Attack.

“Imentionedthattothemayor,andheagreedwholeheartedly,”Patersonsaidafterahalf-hourCityHallmeetingwithBloomberg.“Iwantedhimtoknowthatifwecanagree,we’dworkonbothendstotrytomakethathappen.WewillbegoinginadirectionthatIthinkallNewYorkerswouldbeproudof.”ThegovernorsaidthatwhilethePATHstationandthecommercialprojectsplannedforthecitywerealsoimportant,finishingthememorialwillsendapowerfulmessagetothepeopleofNewYork.“Ijustexpressedtothemayor,andheexpressedthesamethingtomethatithasalottodowiththemorale(士氣，民心)ofthecity,”Patersonsaid.

Earlier,onhisweeklyradioshow,themayorchairedtheNationalSeptember11Memorial&MuseumattheWorldTradeCenter,whichraisedthe$350millionnecessaryforbuildingthecomplexandisnowraisingmoneyforamuseumendowment(捐贈).Fifteenrelativesof9/11victimswrotealetterlastweekcallingforfasterprogress,saying,“Wehopethatyouensureeverythingpossibleisdonesothatwecanshareabeautifulandinspiringmemorialwiththeworldon9/11.”

1.PatersonandBloombergagreedthatthecreationofamemorialwillbebuiltin______.

2.“We’dworkonbothendstotrytomakethathappen”means______.

3.Themayorchaired“theNationalSeptember11Memorial&Museum”inthistextreferstoa______.

4.WhatdidthemayordotorespondPaterson?

5.Thetitleofthetextwouldbe______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.2011

B.2008

C.2010

D.2009

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.bothofourgroupswouldworkhardtoaccomplishthebuilding

B.youandIwouldworkhardtopromoteit

C.wewouldworkcontinuallywithoutastop

D.bothofuswouldworkhardsothatitcouldhappen

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.meetingheldattheWorldTradeCenter

B.certaindateonwhichameetingwillbeheld

C.buildingwhichwouldbebuilt

D.locationintheWorldTradeCenter

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Heheldameetingforanendowmentofthebuilding.

B.Heheldameetingtodemandmoney.

C.Hegavearadioshowonweekend.

D.HeheldameetingattheWorldTradeCenter.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.amemorialoftheWorldTradeCenteriscrucial

B.raisingmoneyisurgentforrebuildingGroundZero

C.anegotiationbetweenthegovernorandthemayor

D.animportantdecisionbythegovernorandthemayor

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可定位到第一段，段尾補(bǔ)充說明時間“whichcouldbebuiltbythe10thanniversaryofSeptember11Attack”（在9?11恐怖襲擊十周年前建成），而9?11事件發(fā)生在2001年，因此十周年即2011年，A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.語義推測題。本句的“we”是指Governor和Mayor，結(jié)合上下文，此處是指Governor和Mayor達(dá)成了一致，即雙方協(xié)力促成這個紀(jì)念碑的建成，因此B選項(xiàng)“你和我將努力推動它”正確；這兩人不可能直接參與accomplishthebuilding的工作，A選項(xiàng)“我們兩個團(tuán)隊(duì)都將努力工作來完成這個建筑”可排除；C選項(xiàng)“我們將不停地工作”不符合此處語境，本段中并非強(qiáng)調(diào)一直不停工作，可排除；D選項(xiàng)“我們倆都要努力工作，這樣它才能實(shí)現(xiàn)”，這個句子中出現(xiàn)了一個sothat，說明“建成紀(jì)念碑”這件事非得雙方共同努力才可以，但是原文中體現(xiàn)的是“ifwecanagree,we’dworkonbothendstotrytomakethathappen”，只是強(qiáng)調(diào)合力促成紀(jì)念碑建成，而非指形成一個建成紀(jì)念碑的唯一條件，D選項(xiàng)可排除。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干定位到文章第三段第一句，在關(guān)鍵詞后有一個修飾從句“whichraisedthe$350millionnecessaryforbuildingthecomplexandisnowraisingmoneyforamuseumendowment”（籌集了3.5億美元建設(shè)建筑樓的必要資金，現(xiàn)在又在為博物館募捐），可知這是一個募捐活動，這個活動是為籌集資金用，句中的“attheWorldTradeCenter”說明活動舉辦點(diǎn)正在世貿(mào)中心，A選項(xiàng)“在世界貿(mào)易中心舉行的會議”符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“date”（日期）、C選項(xiàng)“building”（建筑）、D選項(xiàng)“l(fā)ocation”（位置）均不符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。本題問的是市長的回應(yīng)，在第三段中有具體描述。結(jié)合上題，由第一句可知，市長召開了會議來為這個建筑募集資金，因此A選項(xiàng)“他召開了一次會議，要求為這座建筑物捐贈資金”正確。B選項(xiàng)“他召開會議要錢”中的demand“要求；逼問”與文中的raise“籌集”詞義不符合，可排除；C選項(xiàng)“他周末在電臺主持節(jié)目”與D選項(xiàng)“他在世界貿(mào)易中心召開了一次會議”并未表現(xiàn)出對于Governor的提議與說法的針對性舉措，因此可排除。

5.主旨大意題。本文第一段說到，州長和市長兩人就紀(jì)念碑一事達(dá)成一致；第二段引用了州長的一些言論，表明建成紀(jì)念碑將大大鼓舞紐約市民的士氣；第三段講述了市長籌集資金的舉措，也提到遇難者家屬期盼建成紀(jì)念碑。全文由州長和市長兩人的洽談?wù)归_，講述的核心在于兩人達(dá)成一致，共同促進(jìn)紀(jì)念碑的建成，因此D選項(xiàng)“州長和市長做出的重要決定”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“世貿(mào)中心的紀(jì)念碑至關(guān)重要”出現(xiàn)在第二段，B選項(xiàng)“為重建原爆點(diǎn)籌集資金是當(dāng)務(wù)之急”出現(xiàn)在第三段，C選項(xiàng)“州長和市長之間的談判”出現(xiàn)在第一段，均屬于以偏概全。

14.單選題

Heistooyoungtobeableto______betweenrightandwrong.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discard

B.discern

C.disperse

D.disregard

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項(xiàng)discard“拋棄，放棄”，B項(xiàng)discern“覺察出，識別”，C項(xiàng)disperse“分散，傳播”，D項(xiàng)disregard“忽視，無視”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞betweenrightandwrong（對與錯之間）可推測，空格處表示“分辨，判斷，覺察”，B項(xiàng)符合。句意：他太年輕了，還不能明辨是非。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Igotcaughtinthetraffic;______Iwouldhavebeenheresooner.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.however

B.although

C.anyway

D.otherwise

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.however然而B.although盡管

C.anyway不管怎樣D.otherwise否則

【考查點(diǎn)】句間邏輯。

【解題思路】前半句說“遇上了交通堵塞”，后半句說“我早就來了”，從中可知，后半句是前半句的結(jié)果，要用連詞otherwise。因此，D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)表示轉(zhuǎn)折；

B、C選項(xiàng)表示讓步。

【句意】我遇上了交通堵塞；否則我早就來了。

16.單選題

Therepublication(再版)ofthepoet’smostrecentworkswillcertainly（

）hisnationalreputation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.magnify

B.enlarge

C.strengthen

D.enhance

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。magnify放大；enlarge擴(kuò)大；strengthen鞏固，加強(qiáng)；enhance提高，增加。

句意：這位詩人最新作品的再次出版必將提高他在全國的聲譽(yù)。選項(xiàng)D更符合語境。

17.單選題

Mountainclimbing,likeothersports,requiresskill,stamina,teamwork,andtheknowledgeandexperiencetohandlespecializedequipment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intelligence

B.guidance

C.endurance

D.caution

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。stamina表示“耐力，持久力，毅力”；A項(xiàng)intelligence“智力，情報工作，情報機(jī)關(guān)”，B項(xiàng)guidance“指導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”，C項(xiàng)endurance“忍耐力，耐久性”，D項(xiàng)caution“小心，謹(jǐn)慎，警告”。句意：爬山和其他運(yùn)動一樣，需要技巧、耐力、團(tuán)隊(duì)合作以及處理專門設(shè)備的知識和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。因此，根據(jù)句意可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Theyhavedevelopedcomputersthatcanunderstandthingspeoplesay,andcannowgivea[A]meaninganswer.Buthumanintelligenceisbetterthanhavinga[B]goodmemory.Itmaybe[C]possibletobuildcomputersthatcanrememberalotmorethanthehumanbrain.[D]Buthumanscandoalotmore.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.meaning

B.good

C.possible

D.But

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞性混用。A選項(xiàng)修飾的詞語是answer，因此meaning應(yīng)改為形容詞性的meaningful“有意義的”。

19.單選題

Noverysatisfactoryaccountofthemechanismthatcausedtheformationoftheoceanbasinshasyetbeengiven.Thetraditionalviewsupposesthattheuppermantleoftheearthbehavesasaliquidwhenitissubjectedtosmallforcesforlongperiodsandthatdifferencesintemperatureunderoceansandcontinentsaresufficienttoproduceconvectioninthemantleoftheearthwithrisingconvectioncurrentsunderthemid-oceanridgesandsinkingcurrentsunderthecontinents.Theoretically,thisconvectionwouldcarrythecontinentalplatesalongasthoughtheywereonaconveyorbeltandwouldprovidetheforcesneededtoproducethesplitthatoccursalongtheridge.Thisviewmaybecorrect:ithastheadvantagethatthecurrentsaredrivenbytemperaturedifferencesthatthemselvesdependonthepositionofthecontinents.Suchaback-coupling,inwhichthepositionofthemovingplatehasanimpactontheforcesthatmoveit,couldproducecomplicatedandvaryingmotions.

Ontheotherhand,thetheoryisimplausiblebecauseconvectiondoesnotnormallyoccuralonglines,anditcertainlydoesnotoccuralonglinesbrokenbyfrequentoffsetsorchangesindirection,astheridgeis.AlsoitisdifficulttoseehowthetheoryappliestotheplatebetweentheMid-AtlanticRidgeandtheridgeintheIndianOcean.Thisplateisgrowingonbothsides,andsincethereisnointermediatetrench,thetworidgesmustbemovingapart.Itwouldbeoddiftherisingconvectioncurrentskeptexactpacewiththem.Analternativetheoryisthatthesinkingpartoftheplate,whichisdenserthanthehottersurroundingmantle,pullstherestoftheplateafterit.AgainitisdifficulttoseehowthisappliestotheridgeintheSouthAtlantic,whereneithertheAfricannortheAmericanplatehasasinkingpart.

Anotherpossibilityisthatthesinkingplatecoolstheneighboringmantleandproducesconvectioncurrentsthatmovetheplates.Thislasttheoryisattractivebecauseitgivessomehopeofexplainingtheenclosedseas,suchastheSeaofJapan.Theseseashaveatypicaloceanicfloor,exceptthatthefloorisoverlaidbyseveralkilometersofsediment.Theirfloorshaveprobablybeensinkingforlongperiods.Itseemspossiblethatasinkingcurrentofcooledmantlematerialontheuppersideoftheplatemightbethecauseofsuchdeepbasins.Theenclosedseasareanimportantfeatureoftheearth’ssurface,andseriouslyrequireexplanationinbecause,additiontotheenclosedseasthataredevelopingatpresentbehindislandarcs,thereareanumberofolderonesofpossiblysimilarorigin,suchastheGulfofMexico,theBlackSea,andperhapstheNorthSea.

26.Accordingtothetraditionalviewoftheoriginoftheoceanbasins,whichofthefollowingissufficienttomovethecontinentalplates?

27.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,ofthefollowing,thedeepestsedimentswouldbefoundinthe（）.

28.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingareseparatedbyaplatethatisgrowingonbothsides?

29.Theauthorrefersto"conveyerbelt"inSentence3,Paragraph1,inorderto（）.

30.Whichofthefollowingtitleswouldbestdescribethecontentofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Increasesinsedimentationonoceanfloors.

B.Spreadingofoceantrenches.

C.Movementofmid-oceanridges.

D.Differencesintemperatureunderoceansandcontinents.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.IndianOcean

B.BlackSea

C.Mid-Atlantic

D.SouthAtlantic

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ThePacificOceanandtheSeaofJapan.

B.TheSouthAtlanticRidgeandtheNorthSeaRidge.

C.TheGulfofMexicoandtheSouthAtlanticRidge.

D.TheMid-AtlanticRidgeandtheIndianOceanRidge.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.illustratetheeffectsofconvectioninthemantle

B.showhowtemperaturedifferencesdependonthepositionsofthecontinents

C.demonstratethelinearnatureoftheMid-AtlanticRidge

D.describethecomplicatedmotionsmadepossiblebyback-coupling