考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古工業(yè)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古工業(yè)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thetwopharmaceuticalcompaniescollaboratedindevelopingnewdrugsto（）thepainofpatientsintheterminalstagesofcancer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alleviate

B.confront

C.insulate

D.terminate

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析題。alleviate"減輕,緩和";confront"勇敢地面對,正視";insulate"使絕緣,使隔離";terminate"結(jié)束,終止"。句意：這兩家制藥公司合作開發(fā)新藥，以減輕癌癥晚期患者的痛苦。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

2.單選題

ButMcConnellMoorehasalwaysdrawngreatstrengthfromsuchcartoonish（

）,whichhecollectsandthendisplaysonhisSenateofficewall.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.applauses

B.vituperations

C.condemns

D.appraisals

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。applause“歡呼；鼓掌歡迎”；vituperation“謾罵；壞話”；condemn“譴責(zé)；聲討”；appraisal“評價(jià)；估計(jì)”。句意：但McConnellMoore總是從此類的卡通謾罵中汲取巨大的力量，他將其收集后展示在他參議院辦公室的墻壁上。由關(guān)鍵詞but及cartoonish可知空格處應(yīng)填貶義詞，卡通譴責(zé)不能搭配，故B項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

BernardFoucault（）in1851thattheearthisrotating.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whoproved

B.proved

C.heproved

D.itwasproved

【答案】B

【解析】語法題。分析句子可知，主語是BernardFoucault，空格后面有that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，因此空格處只需要填入一個(gè)謂語動詞，故選B項(xiàng)。句意：伯納德?福柯在1851年證明了地球是旋轉(zhuǎn)的。

4.單選題

Iknownowthatthemanwhosatwithmeonthewoodenstairsthathotsummernightoverthirty-fiveyearsagowasnotatallman.Buttoafive-year-old,hewasagiant.Wesatsidebyside,watchingthesungodownbehindtheoldTexacoservicestationacrossthebusystreet,astreetthatIwasneverallowedtocrossunlessaccompaniedbyanadult,orattheveryleast,anoldersibling.

Cherry-scentedsmokefromGrandpa’spipekeptthehungrymosquitoesatbaywhilegray,wispyswirlsdancedaroundourheads.Nowandagain,heblewasmokeringandlaughedasItriedtotargettheholewithmyfinger.I,cladinacoolsummernight,andGrandpa,hissleevelessT-shirt,satwatchingthetraffic.Wecountedcarsandtriedtoguessthecolorsofthenextonetoturnthecorner:

Onceagain,Iwascaughtinthemiddleofcircumstances,thefourthbornofsixchildren,itwasnotuncommonthatIwaseithertooyoungortoooldforsomething.ThisnightIwasboth.Whilemytwobabybrotherssleptinsidethehouse,mythreeoldersiblingsplayedwithfriendsaroundthecorner,whereIwasnotallowedtogo.IstayedwithGrandpa,andthatwasokaywithme.IwaswhereIwantedtobe.Mygrandfatherwasbabysittingwhilemymother,fatherandgrandmotherwentout.

“Thirsty?”Grandpaasked,neverremovingthepipefromhismouth.

“Yes”,wasmyreply.

“HowwouldyouliketorunovertothegasstationthereandgetyourselfabottleofCoke?”

Icouldn’tbelievemyears.HadIhearditright?Washetalkingtome?Onmyfamily’smodestincome,Cokewasnotapartofourbudgetordiet.AfewtantalizingsipswasallIhadeverhad,andcertainlynevermyownbottle.

“Okay.”Irepliedshyly,alreadywonderinghowIwouldgetacrossthestreet.SurelyGrandpawasgoingtocomewithme.

Grandpastretchedhislonglegoutstraightandreachedhishugehanddeepintothepocket.Icouldhearthefamiliarjanglingoftheloosechangehealwayscarried.Openinghisfist,heexposedamoundofsilvercoins.Theremusthavebeenamilliondollarsthere.Heinstructedmetopickoutadime.Afterhedepositedtherestofthechangebackintohispocket,hestoodup.

“Okay.”Hesaid,helpingmedownthestairsandtothecurb,“I’mgoingtostayhereandkeepanearoutforthebabies,I’lltellyouwhenit’ssafetocross.YougoovertotheCokemachine,getyourCokeandcomebackout.Waitformetotellyouwhenit’ssafetocrossback.”

Myheartpounded.Iclutchedmydimetightlyinmysweatypalm.Excitementtookmybreathaway.

Grandpaheldmyhandtightly.Togetherwelookedupthestreetanddown,andbackupagain.Hesteppedoffthecurbandtoldmeitwassafetocross.HeletgoofmyhandandIran.IranfasterthanIhadeverrunbefore.Thestreetseemedwide.IwonderedifIwouldmakeittotheotherside.Reachingtheotherside,IturnedtofindGrandpa.Therehewas,standingexactlywherelefthim,smilingproudly.Iwaved.

“Goon,hurryup,”heyelled.

MyheartpoundedwildlyasIwalkedinsidethedarkgarage.Ihadbeeninsidethegaragebeforewithmyfather,mysurroundingswerefamiliar.IheardtheCoca-ColamachinemotorhummingevenbeforeIsawit.Iwalkeddirectlytothebigoldred-whitedispenser.Iknewwheretoinsertmydime.Ihadseenitdonebeforeandhadfantasizedaboutmomentmanytimes.

Thebigoldmonstergreedilyacceptedmydime,andIheardthebottlesshift.OntiptoesIreachedupandopenedtheheavydoor.Theretheywere:oneneatrowofthickgreenbottles,necksstaringdirectlyatme,andicecoldfromtherefrigeration.Iheldthedooropenwithmyshoulderandgrabbedone.Withaquickyank,Ipulleditfreefromitsbondage.Anotheroneimmediatelytookitsplace.Thebottlewascoldinmysweatyhands.Iwillneverforgetthefeelingofthecoolglassonmyskin.Withtwohands,Ipositionedthebottleneckundertheheavybrassopenerthatwasboltedtothewall.Thecapdroppedintoanoldwoodenbox,andIreachedintoretrieveit.Itwascoldandbentinthemiddle,outIknewIneededtohavethissouvenir.Cokeinhand,Iproudlymarchedbackoutintotheearlyeveningdusk.Grandpawaswaitingpatiently.Hesmiled.

“Stoprightthere”,heyelled.Oneortwocarsspedbyme,andonceagain,Grandpasteppedoffthecurb.“Comeon,now”hesaid,“run.”Idid.Coolbrownfoamsprayedmyhands.“Don’teverdothatalone,”hewarned,Iheldthecokebottletightly;fearfulhewouldmakemepouritintoacup,ruiningthisdreamcometrue.Hedidn’t.Onelongswallowofthecoldbeveragecooledmysweatingbody.Idon’tthinkIeverfeltsoproud.

1.Fromthefirstthreeparagraphs,wecaninferthat（）.

2.Bysaying“Iwascaughtinthemiddleofcircumstances”inthethirdparagraph,theauthormeans（）.

3.Theauthor’sgrandpawasdescribedasbeingallthefollowingEXCEPT（）.

4.FromthepassagewecaninferthattherelationshipbetweentheauthorandhisGrandpawas（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theauthorwouldpreferplayingwithhisthreeoldersiblingstostayingwithhisgrandpa

B.theywerelivinginthesuburbswheretherewerenottoomuchtrafficontheroad.

C.thegrandpawasalwaystheonetobabysitfortheauthorandhissiblings.

D.theauthorenjoyedthetimethathespentwithhisgrandpa.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hewasfacingadilemmaanddidnotknowwhatdecisiontomake

B.hewascaughtwhenhewasdoingsomethingthathewasnotsupposedtodo

C.hewaseithertooyoungortoooldforsomethingasthefourthbornofsixchildren

D.hewasdoingsomethingthatrequiredhimtoconsiderdifferentcircumstances

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.considerate

B.stingy

C.careful

D.kind

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.close

B.remote

C.tense

D.impossibletotell

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itwasthefirsttimethattheauthorcrossedthestreetbyhimself

B.Itwasthefirsttimethattheauthorwentinthatgarage

C.TheauthorboughttheCoca-Colafromavendingmachine.

D.Theauthor’sgrandpakeptaneyeonhimthewholetime.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“我們可以從前面三段中得出什么結(jié)論？”文章第三段提到我沒有被允許同三個(gè)哥哥姐姐一起玩，只能跟爺爺待一起，而這正是我愿意的（IwaswhereIwantedtobe），由此可以看出我愿意跟爺爺待在一塊，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

第2題:2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“作者在第三段中提到‘我左右為難’，意味著什么？”文章第三段提到“我”在六個(gè)孩子中排行第四，所以很多事情他要么太大，要么太小，處于中間，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第3題:3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“下列關(guān)于爺爺?shù)拿枋瞿捻?xiàng)不正確？”文章第七段提到爺爺給作者買可樂，由于家庭條件一般，作者對爺爺給他買可樂這個(gè)舉動表示驚訝（Onmyfamily’smodestincome,Cokewasnotapartofourbudgetordiet），因此可以看出爺爺不是一個(gè)吝嗇的人，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第4題:4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“從文中我們可以看出作者與他爺爺?shù)年P(guān)系怎么樣？”文章提到作者喜歡跟爺爺待在一起，爺爺會給他買可樂可以看出兩人的關(guān)系是比較親密的，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

第5題:5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章可知，下列哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的？”文章倒數(shù)第三段提到我以前和父親一起進(jìn)過車庫，周圍的環(huán)境比較熟悉（Ihadbeeninsidethegaragebeforewithmyfather,mysurroundingswerefamiliar），由此可知他不是第一次去車庫，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.單選題

Histhoughtswere（）fromthispainfultopicbythesuddenarrivalofaneighbor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attracted

B.retracted

C.distracted

D.protracted

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)attract“吸引，引起”；B選項(xiàng)retract“縮回，縮進(jìn)，取消”；C選項(xiàng)distract“（使）分心，轉(zhuǎn)移注意力”，distract…from“使從……分心”；D選項(xiàng)protract“延長；繪制”A、B、D選項(xiàng)一般不和介詞from連用。句意：突然來了一個(gè)鄰居，使他從這個(gè)痛苦的話題上分心了。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，C選項(xiàng)符合句意。

6.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Thefirstwaywecanapproachlanguageisasaphenomenonoftheindividualperson.Itisconcernedwithdescribingandexplaininglanguageasamatterofhumanbehavior.Peoplespeakandwrite;theyalsoevidentlyreadandunderstandwhattheyhear.Theyarenotborndoingso;theyhavetoacquiretheseskills.Noteverybodyseemstodevelopthemtothesamedegree.Peoplemaysufferaccidentsordiseases,whichimpairtheirperformance.Languageisthusseenaspartofhumanpsychology,aparticularsortofbehavior,thebehaviorwhichhasasitsprincipalfunctionthatofcommunication.

Thetroublewiththeterm“behavior”isthatitisoftentakentoreferonlytomoreorlessovert,anddescribable,physicalmovementsandacts.Yetpartoflanguagebehavior—thatofunderstandingspokenorwrittenlanguage,forexample—haslittleornophysicallyobservablesigns.Itistruewecansometimesinferthatunderstandinghastakenplacebythechangesthattakeplaceintheotherperson’sbehavior.Whensomeonehasbeenprohibitedfromdoingsomething,wemayinferthathehasunderstoodtheprohibitionbyobservingthatthereafterheneverbehavesinthatway.Wecannot,ofcourse,beabsolutelysurethathissubsequentbehaviorisaresultofhisunderstanding;itmightbeduetoalossofinterestorinclination.Sobehaviormustbetakentoincludeunobservableactivity,oftenonlytobeinferredfromotherobservablebehavior.

Onceweadmitthatthestudyoflanguagebehaviorinvolvesdescribingandexplainingtheunobservable,thesituationbecomesmuchmorecomplicated,becausewehavetopostulatesomesetofprocesses,someinternalmechanism,whichoperateswhenwespeakandunderstand.Wehavetopostulatesomethingwecancallamind.Thestudyoflanguagefromthispointofviewcanthenbeseenasastudyofthespecificproperties,processesandstatesofthemindwhoseofoutwardwardmanifestationsareobservablebehavior;whatwehavetoknowinordertoperformlinguistically.

Thisapproachtolanguage,asaphenomenonoftheindividual,isthusprincipallyconcernedwithexplaininghowweacquirelanguage.anditsrelationlogeneralhumancognitivesystems,andwiththepsychologicalmechanismsunderlyingthecomprehensionandproductionofspeech;muchlesswiththeproblemofwhatlanguageisfor,thatis,itsfunctionascommunication,sincethisnecessarilyinvolvesmorethanasingleindividual.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

3.Whatdoestheterm“behavior”inthesecondparagraphespeciallyrefertointhispassage?

4.Whatdoes“internalmechanism”(Line3,Para3)mean?

5.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.LanguageasMeansofCommunication

B.LanguageandPsychology

C.LanguageandtheIndividual

D.LanguageasaSocialPhenomenon

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Languageisoftenregardaspartofhumanpsychology.

B.Peopledeveloplanguageskillsofdifferentdegreesasaresultofdifferentpersonalexperiences.

C.Languageisaspecialkindofpsychologicalbehaviorthatisbornwithanindividual.

D.Peoplelearntospeakandwritethroughimitationandtraining.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itreferstoobservableandphysicalmovementsandacts.

B.Itreferstothepartoflanguagebehaviorthatinvolvesunderstandingorinterpretation.

C.Itreferstoboththeovertandtheunobservablelanguagebehaviorsincommunicating.

D.Itreferstoactsofspeakingandwriting.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Secretmachine.

B.Mentalprocesses.

C.Oversystem.

D.Mechanicoperation.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itsindividualisticapproachtolanguageismeanttostudythepsychologicalprocessesoflanguageacquisition.

B.Theindividualisticapproachtolanguageismainlyconcernedwithhowlanguagefunctionsinsociety.

C.Thestudyoflanguageissuretoinvolvemorethanasingleindividual.

D.Psychologicalapproachtolanguageisconcernedwiththecomprehensionandproductionofspeech.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)題干，通讀全文，以及定位到文章首段第一句Thefirstwaywecanapproachlanguageisasaphenomenonoftheindividualperson.（首先，我們可以把語言看作是個(gè)體的一種現(xiàn)象。）C選項(xiàng)“語言與個(gè)人”，通讀全文可知，文章主要寫“語言和個(gè)體”，由此可知C選項(xiàng)符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“語言是交流的手段”，B選項(xiàng)“語言和心理”，在文章第一段最后一句有提及，但不是文章的主要內(nèi)容，D選項(xiàng)“語言是一種社會現(xiàn)象”，也可排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“語言常被認(rèn)為是人類心理的一部分”。A選項(xiàng)在文章第一段最后一句有所提及，“語言被看作是人類心理的一部分”，故A選項(xiàng)排除。B選項(xiàng)“由于個(gè)人經(jīng)歷的不同，人們語言技能的發(fā)展程度也不同”。B選項(xiàng)在第一段第五、六句有所提及，并不是每個(gè)人都能達(dá)到同樣的程度。人們可能會遭遇事故或疾病，從而影響他們的表現(xiàn)。故B選項(xiàng)排除。C選項(xiàng)“語言是個(gè)體與生俱來的一種特殊的心理行為”，C選項(xiàng)在文章沒有提及。D選項(xiàng)“人們通過模仿和訓(xùn)練來學(xué)習(xí)說和寫”，D選項(xiàng)在第一段第三句可推理出來，人們不會天生獲得這種技能，由此可推測是后天的學(xué)習(xí)來進(jìn)行說和寫，可排除D選項(xiàng)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】詞義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“behavior”可定位到原文第二段Thetroublewiththeterm“behavior”isthatitisoftentakentoreferonlytomoreorlessovert,anddescribable,physicalmovementsandacts.Yetpartoflanguagebehavior—thatofunderstandingspokenorwrittenlanguage,forexample—haslittleornophysicallyobservablesigns…Sobehaviormustbetakentoincludeunobservableactivity,oftenonlytobeinferredfromotherobservablebehavior.（“行為”一詞的問題在于，它常常被認(rèn)為僅僅是指或多或少明顯的、可描述的身體運(yùn)動和行為。然而，語言行為的一部分——例如理解口語或書面語言——很少或根本沒有物理上可觀察到的跡象……所以行為必須包括不可觀察的活動，通常只能從其他可觀察的行為中推斷出來）可知文章中所提到的“behavior”特別指的是明顯的、可描述的身體運(yùn)動和不可觀察的語言活動，即C選項(xiàng)“交際行為是指交際中顯性的和不可見的語言行為”正確；A選項(xiàng)“它指的是可觀察到的物理運(yùn)動和行為”，B選項(xiàng)“它是指語言行為中涉及理解或解釋的部分”太過片面；D選項(xiàng)“它指的是說和寫的行為”不符合原文。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】詞義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“internalmechanism”可定位到原文第三段becausewehavetopostulatesomesetofprocesses,someinternalmechanism.（因?yàn)槲覀儽仨毤僭O(shè)一些過程，一些內(nèi)部機(jī)制）。B選項(xiàng)“心理歷程”正確。A選項(xiàng)“保密機(jī)器”；C選項(xiàng)“超過系統(tǒng)”；D選項(xiàng)“機(jī)器操作”，A、C、D都可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“其個(gè)人主義的語言研究方法旨在研究語言習(xí)得的心理過程”，文章說的是，主要與解釋我們?nèi)绾瘟?xí)得語言有關(guān)，而不是心理過程，選項(xiàng)A可排除。B選項(xiàng)“個(gè)人主義語言觀主要關(guān)注語言在社會中的作用”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)語言肯定不是一個(gè)人的事”，文章最后一段提到，語言作為交流的功能，因?yàn)檫@必然涉及到不只一個(gè)人，因此可知C選項(xiàng)正確。D選項(xiàng)“語言心理學(xué)研究涉及到對言語的理解和產(chǎn)生”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除D選項(xiàng)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Shewasrich,（

）Iwasnot.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.who

【答案】C

【解析】考查非限制性定語從句的用法。第二個(gè)句子省略了表語，由句意可知后半句表示“我不富?！?，空格處需要填入關(guān)聯(lián)詞。在which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句中，有一個(gè)特殊用法：which除了指代主句中的某個(gè)名詞或整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容外，還可以指代主句的中的某個(gè)名詞詞組、不定式、形容詞或形容詞短語等。因此本句中填入C選項(xiàng)which指代主句的rich。

8.單選題

Indigoisavatcolor,（）calledbecauseitdoesnotdissolveinwater.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichis

B.itis

C.but

D.so

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞修飾動詞。A選項(xiàng)使用主動語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，并且謂語重復(fù)，排除；B選項(xiàng)謂語重復(fù)，排除；C選項(xiàng)but后面缺少主語，排除。D選項(xiàng)so是一個(gè)副詞，意思是“這樣地”。句意：靛藍(lán)是一種染色用顏色，之所以這樣稱呼是因?yàn)樗蝗苡谒Ｒ虼薉選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Herinterestinredecoratingthebighousekepther（

）forawholeweek.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.constrained

B.dominated

C.restricted

D.occupied

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。constrained“被強(qiáng)迫的”；dominated“占主導(dǎo)地位的”；restricted“受限制的’；occupied“使用中的；無空閑的”。句意：她熱衷于給這個(gè)大房子重新裝修，為此她會忙碌整個(gè)星期。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

10.單選題

Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionary,flyinginthefaceofwhatisacceptableandproducingnotwhatisacceptablebutwhatwillbecomeaccepted.Accordingtothisformulation,highlycreativeactivitytranscendsthelimitsofanexistingformandestablishesanewprincipleoforganization.However,theideathatextraordinarycreativitytranscendsestablishedlimitsismisleadingwhenitisappliedtoarts,eventhoughitmaybevalidforthesciences.Differencesbetweenhighlycreativeartandhighlycreativescienceariseinpartfromadifferenceintheirgoals.Forthesciences,anewtheoryisthegoalandendresultofthecreativeact.Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways.Suchphenomenaasabrilliantdiamondoranestingbirdarerelegatedtotheroleofdata,servingasthemeansforformulatingortestinganewtheory.Thegoalofhighlycreativeartisverydifferent:thephenomenonitselfbecomesthedirectproductofthecreativeact.Shakespeare'sHamletisnotatractaboutthebehaviorofindecisiveprincesortheusesofpoliticalpower;norisPicasso'spaintingGuernicaprimarilyapropositionalstatementabouttheSpanishCivilWarortheevilsoffascismWhathighlycreativeartisticactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,butratheranaestheticparticular.Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploit,inaninnovativeway,thelimitsofanexistingform,ratherthantranscendthatform.

Thisisnottodenythatahighlycreativeartistsometimesestablishesanewprincipleoforganizationinthehistoryofanartisticfield;thecomposerMonteverdi,whocreatedmusicofthehighestaestheticvalue,comestomind.Moregenerally,however,whetherornotacompositionestablishesanewprincipleinthehistoryofmusichaslittlebearingonitsaestheticworth.Becausetheyembodyanewprincipleoforganization,somemusicalworks,suchastheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerata,areofsignalhistoricalimportance,butfewlistenersormusicologistswouldincludetheseamongthegreatworksofmusic.Ontheotherband,Mozart'sTheMarriageofFigaroissurelyamongthemasterpiecesofmusiceventhoughitsmodestinnovationsareconfinedtoextendingexistingmeans.IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.

ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits—therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach—instrikinglyoriginalways.

1.TheauthorimpliesthatBeethoven'smusicwasstrikinglyoriginalbecauseBeethoven（）.

2.Theauthorconsidersanewtheorythatcoherentlyrelatesdiversephenomenatooneanothertobethe（）.

3.ThepassagestatesthattheoperasofFlorentineCamerataare（）.

4.Theauthorregardstheideathatallhighlycreativeartistictranscendslimitswith（）.

5.ThepassagesuppliesinformationforansweringallofthefollowingquestionsEXCEPT（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.manipulatedtheestablishedconventionsofmusicalcompositioninahighlyinnovativefashion

B.fundamentallychangedthemusicalformsofhispredecessorsbyadoptingarichlyinventivestrategy

C.embellishedandInterwovethemelodiesofseveralofthegreatcomposerswhoprecededhim

D.strovetooutdohispredecessorsbybecomingthefirstcomposertoexploitlimits

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.basisforreaffirmingawell-establishedscientificformulation

B.byproductofanaestheticexperience

C.resultofhighlycreativescientificcreativity

D.toolusedbyascientisttodiscoveranewparticular.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.unjustifiablyignoredbymusicologists

B.notgenerallyconsideredtobeofhighaestheticvalueeventhoughtheyareimportantinthehistoryofmusic

C.amongthoseworksinwhichpopularhistoricalthemeswereportrayedinamusicalproduction

D.ofteninappropriatelycitedasexamplesofmusicalworksinwhichanewprincipleoforganizationwasintroduced

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.moderateamusement

B.strongindignation

C.markedindifference

D.deepskepticism

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Hasunusualcreativeactivitybeencharacterizedasrevolutionary?

B.WhobesidesMonteverdiwrotemusicthattheauthorwouldconsidertoembodynewprinciplesoforganizationandtobeofhighaestheticvalue?

C.IsMozart'sTheMarriageofFigaroanexampleofacreativeworkthattranscendedlimits?

D.DidBeethovenworkwithinamusicaltradition:thatalsoincludedHandelandBach?

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目問的是“作者認(rèn)為貝多芬的音樂具有一種令人矚目的獨(dú)創(chuàng)性，因?yàn)樨惗喾摇?。文章最后一段提到貝多芬打破了常?guī)，把音樂從令人窒息的陳規(guī)陋習(xí)中解放出來。但是仔細(xì)研究他的作品會發(fā)現(xiàn)，貝多芬并沒有推翻認(rèn)為原則。相反，他是一位無與倫比的戰(zhàn)略家，他以驚人的獨(dú)創(chuàng)方式利用各種從前輩那里繼承下來的限制條件，比如規(guī)則、形式和慣例（IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits--therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach--instrikinglyoriginalways），由此可知選項(xiàng)A“以一種高度創(chuàng)造性的方式利用已有的慣例”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。題目問的是“作者認(rèn)為一種把各種現(xiàn)象連貫地聯(lián)系起來的新理論是……”。文章第一段提到“對于科學(xué)來說，一個(gè)新的理論是創(chuàng)造行為的目標(biāo)和最終結(jié)果。創(chuàng)新的科學(xué)產(chǎn)生新的命題，在這些命題中，不同的現(xiàn)象可以以更連貫的方式彼此關(guān)聯(lián)”（Forthesciences,anewtheoryisthegoalandendresultofthecreativeact.Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways），由此可知選項(xiàng)C“是高創(chuàng)造性科學(xué)的結(jié)果”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“文章中提出佛羅倫薩歌劇是……”。文章第二段提到一般來說，一首樂曲是否在音樂史上確立了一個(gè)新的原則與它的美學(xué)價(jià)值幾乎沒有關(guān)系。一些音樂作品，比如佛羅倫薩樂團(tuán)的歌劇，因?yàn)榘艘环N新的組織形式，而具有顯著的歷史重要性，但是很少有聽眾或音樂家會把這些作品列入偉大的音樂作品之列（Moregenerally,however,whetherornotacompositionestablishesanewprincipleinthehistoryofmusichaslittlebearingonitsaestheticworth.Becausetheyembodyanewprincipleoforganization,somemusicalworks,suchastheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerata,areofsignalhistoricalimportance,butfewlistenersormusicologistswouldincludetheseamongthegreatworksofmusic），因此選項(xiàng)B“雖然它們在音樂史上很重要，但一般認(rèn)為沒有很高的美學(xué)價(jià)值”符合題意。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題目問的是“作者認(rèn)為一切具有高度創(chuàng)造性的藝術(shù)都是超越界限的……”。文章第一段提到“由高創(chuàng)造性藝術(shù)產(chǎn)生的美學(xué)細(xì)節(jié)只會是對現(xiàn)有模式限制的延伸，而不會是對其超越”（Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploit,inaninnovativeway,thelimitsofanexistingform,ratherthantranscendthatform），由此可知作者對于那種認(rèn)為創(chuàng)造性藝術(shù)可以超越現(xiàn)有模式限制的觀點(diǎn)是不認(rèn)可的，因此選項(xiàng)D“深度懷疑”符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“這篇文章提供了回答以下所有問題的信息，除了……”。文章第一段提到“非凡的創(chuàng)造性活動被認(rèn)為是革命性的”（Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionary），由此可知選項(xiàng)A“不尋常的創(chuàng)造性活動被定性為革命嗎？”在文章中有回復(fù)的信息，排除；文章最后一段提到“莫扎特的《費(fèi)加羅的婚禮》無疑是音樂的杰作之一，盡管它的適度創(chuàng)新僅限于擴(kuò)展現(xiàn)有的手段”（Mozart'sTheMarriageofFigaroissurelyamongthemasterpiecesofmusiceventhoughitsmodestinnovationsareconfinedtoextendingexistingmeans），由此可知選項(xiàng)C得到了回答，排除；文章最后一段提到貝多芬打破了常規(guī)，把音樂從令人窒息的陳規(guī)陋習(xí)中解放出來。但是仔細(xì)研究他的作品會發(fā)現(xiàn)，貝多芬并沒有推翻認(rèn)為原則。相反，他是一位無與倫比的戰(zhàn)略家，他以驚人的獨(dú)創(chuàng)方式利用各種從前輩那里繼承下來的限制條件，比如規(guī)則、形式和慣例（IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits--therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach--instrikinglyoriginalways），由此可知選項(xiàng)B在文章得到了回答，排除。綜上，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.單選題

（

）.acarknockedherdown.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Walkinghome

B.Whilewalkinghome

C.Asshewaswalkinghome

D.Havingwalkedhome

【答案】C

【解析】句意:在她回家的路上，一輛汽車把她撞到了。

語法題。考查時(shí)間狀語從句。題干后半部分已經(jīng)是完整句子,聯(lián)系選項(xiàng)判斷空白處需要填時(shí)間狀語。從句的邏輯主語和主句主語不一致,因此不能用分詞作狀語,排除A,B,D。as可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。故選C。

12.單選題

Parksandopenspacesareessentialtothequalityoflifeindense（

）areassuchasNewYorkCity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.agricultural

B.rural

C.suburban

D.urban

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。agricultural農(nóng)業(yè)的；rural鄉(xiāng)村的；suburban郊區(qū)的；.urban城市的。

句意：公園和空地對于像紐約這樣人口密集的城市地區(qū)的生活質(zhì)量來說是必不可少的。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

13.單選題

Idon'tthinkitisimpartialfortheprofessortoflunkmyChemistrytest.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unbiased

B.compatible

C.exonerative

D.effusive

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我不認(rèn)為教授讓我的化學(xué)考試不及格是公正的。impartial意為公平的，不偏不倚的。unbiased公正的，無偏見的；compatible兼容的，可并立的；exonerative免罪的，免除的；effusive流出的，感情橫溢的。選項(xiàng)A與之意思最為相近。

14.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Someaccepttheirfate.Otherstrytoreasonwiththepoliceofficerwhohaspulledthemoverforsomerealorimaginedtrafficoffense.Butwhenlawenforcementisrepresentedbyacomputer-drivencamerathathasimmortalizedyourviolationonfilm—asisthecaseathundredsofintersectionsinmorethan100citiesaroundtheU.S.—it’shardtotalkyourwayoutofaheavyfine.Yetthatispreciselywhatsome300motoristsinSanDiegosucceededindoinglastweekwhenasuperiorcourtjudgerulesthatpicturestakenbytheso-calledred-lightcameraswereunreliableandthereforeunacceptable.

ThefirstU.S.Courtdecisiontorejectallthetrafficviolationscaughtoncameras;therulingbyJudgeRonaldStynhasfueleddebateoverthegrowinguseofthedevices.Policedepartmentsswear,andstudiesindicate,thattherobotcamerasdeterpeoplefromspeedingandrunningredlights.ALouHarrispollsetforreleasethisweekfindsthat69%ofAmericanssupporttheiruse.Yetatleastsevenstateshaveblockedproposalstoimplementthem,andopponents—rangingfromHousemajorityleaderDickArmeytotheAmericanCivilLibertiesUnion—arguethatthecamerasviolateprivacyandplaceprofitabovepublicsafety.

Partoftheproblemisthatvirtuallyallthedevicesinplaceareoperatedbyprivatefirmsthathandleeverythingfrominstallingthemachinerytoidentifyingviolations—oftenwithminimalpoliceoversight—andhaveanincentivetopullinasmanydriversastheycan.Thecompaniesgetpaidasmuchas$70aticket,andthetotalrevenueishardlychumpchange.SanDiegohasgotin$15.9millionlastyearandWashington$12.8million.“It’sallaboutmoney,”saysCongressmanBobBarr,aleadingcritic.Notso,insistsTerranceGainer,Washington’sexecutiveassistantchiefofpolice.“Wehavereducedfatalities.IfsomecompanyismakingmoneyoffthatthatisAmericanway.”

Criticscounterthattheremustbeother,lessintrusivewaystomakeintersectionssafer,suchaslengtheningtheyellowlightandaddingturnlanes.“Iobjecttothisfixationwehavewithcamerasandelectronicallygatheredinformation,”saysBan.“Itplacestoomuchconfidenceintechnology.”Thatconfidence,asWashingtonresidentshavelearned,canbemisplaced.ThecityremovedonecameralastMaythathadgeneratedmorethan19,000ticketsataparticularlyconfusingintersection.InSanDiego,faultysensorsmadedriversappeartobegoingfasterthantheyreallywere.ThecitysuspendedthesysteminJuly.

Anotherconcernisprivacy.WhilesystemsinWashington,MarylandandNorthCarolinaphotographnothingbuttherearofthecar,othersinArizona,CaliforniaandColoradotakeapictureofthedriver’sseataswell—abitofelectronicmonitoringthatcouldlandstrayingspousesintroublealotmoreseriousthanatrafficviolation.

InEurope,whererobotcamerasaredeployedbythethousandsandareevenlesspopularthantheyarehere,resentfuldrivershavestartedtotakemattersintotheirownhands,seekingouthiddencamerasandknockingthemoverwiththeircars.

1.Itismainlyindicatedinthefirstparagraphthat________.

2.Thecourtdecisionlastweek________.

3.Opponents’argumentsagainstcamerasincludeallthefollowingEXCEPT________.

4.Policedepartmentbelievesthat________.

5.Thephrase“chumpchange”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.

6.Accordingtothepassage,BobBarr________.

7.Thewriter’sattitudetowardsrobotcamerascanbebestexpressedas________.

8.SomedriversinEuropeanco