考研考博-英語(yǔ)-嘉興南洋職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-嘉興南洋職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Doctorsareinterestedinusinglasersasasurgicaltoolinoperationsonpeoplewhoare（）toheartattack.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prone

B.disposed

C.infectious

D.accessible

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。beproneto“易于…，有…的傾向”；bedisposedto“愿意…，使易感染”；beaccessibleto“容易接近的，容易進(jìn)入的”。句意：醫(yī)生對(duì)于運(yùn)用激光給心臟病人做手術(shù)很感興趣。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

Wemustlearntomeetmisfortunegracefully.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adversity

B.famine

C.enormity

D.nuance

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.adversity逆境；不幸B.famine饑荒

C.enormity巨大；暴行D.nuance細(xì)微差別

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意：我們必須學(xué)會(huì)優(yōu)雅地面對(duì)不幸。劃線詞misfortune意為“厄運(yùn)；不幸”。因此A選項(xiàng)與之意思相近，選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】我們必須學(xué)會(huì)優(yōu)雅地面對(duì)不幸。

3.單選題

MosteconomistsintheUnitedStatesseemcaptivatedbythespellofthefreemarket.Consequently,nothingseemsgoodornormalthatdoesnotaccordwiththerequirementsofthefreemarket.Apricethatisdeterminedbytheselleror,forthatmatter,establishedbyanyoneotherthantheaggregateofconsumersseemspernicious.Accordingly,itrequiresamajoractofwilltothinkofprice-fixing(thedeterminationofpricesbytheseller)asboth“normal”andhavingavaluableeconomicfunction.Infact,price-fixingisnormalinallindustrializedsocietiesbecausetheindustrialsystemitselfprovides,asaneffortlessconsequenceofitsowndevelopment,theprice-fixingthatitrequires.Modernindustrialplanningrequiresandrewardsgreatsize.Hence,acomparativelysmallnumberoflargefirmswillbecompetingforthesamegroupofconsumers.Thateachlargefirmwillactwithconsiderationofitsownneedsandthusavoidsellingitsproductsformorethanitscompetitorschargeiscommonlyrecognizedbyadvocatesoffree-marketeconomictheories.Buteachlargefirmwillalsoactwithfullconsiderationoftheneedsthatithasincommonwiththeotherlargefirmscompetingforthesamecustomers.Eachlargefirmwillthusavoidsignificantprice-cutting,becauseprice-cuttingwouldbeprejudicialtothecommoninterestinastabledemandforproducts.Mosteconomistsdonotseeprice-fixingwhenitoccursbecausetheyexpectittobebroughtaboutbyanumberofexplicitagreementsamonglargefirms;itisnot.

Moreover,thoseeconomistswhoarguethatallowingthefreemarkettooperatewithoutinterferenceisthemostefficientmethodofestablishingpriceshavenotconsideredtheeconomiesofnon-socialistcountriesotherthantheUnitedStates.Theseeconomicsemployintentionalprice-fixing,usuallyinanovertfashion.Formalprice-fixingbycartelandinformalprice-fixingbyagreementscoveringthemembersofanindustryarecommonplace.Weretheresomethingpeculiarlyefficientaboutthefreemarketandinefficientaboutprice-fixing,thecountriesthathaveavoidedthefirstandusedthesecondwouldhavesuffereddrasticallyintheireconomicdevelopment.Thereisnoindicationthattheyhave.

Socialistindustryalsoworkswithinaframeworkofcontrolledprices.Intheearly1970s,theSovietUnionbegantogivefirmsandindustriessomeoftheflexibilityinadjustingpricesthatamoreinformalevolutionhasaccordedthecapitalistsystem.EconomistsintheUnitedStateshavehailedthechangeasareturntothefreemarket.ButSovietfirmsarenomoresubjecttopricesestablishedbyafreemarketoverwhichtheyexerciselessinfluencethanarecapitalfirms;rather,Sovietfirmshavebeengiventhepowertofixprices.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

2.Theauthor'sattitudetoward"MosteconomistsintheUnitedStates”(Para,1)canbestbedescribedas

（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromtheauthor'sargumentthatapricefixedbytheseller“seemspernicious”(Para,1)because

（

）.

4.Thesuggestioninthepassagethatprice-fixinginindustrializedsocietiesisnormalarisesfromtheauthor’sstatementthatprice-fixingis（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refutethetheorythatthefreemarketplaysausefulroleinthedevelopmentofindustrializedsocieties

B.suggestmethodsbywhicheconomistsandmembersofthegovernmentoftheUniteStatescanrecognizeandcombatprice-fixingbylargefirms

C.showthatinindustrializedsocietiesprice-fixingandtheoperationofthefreemarketarenotonlycompatiblebutalsomutuallybeneficial

D.arguethatprice-fixing,inoneformoranother,isaninevitablepartofandbenefittotheeconomyofanyindustrializedsociety

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.spitefulandenvious

B.scornfulanddenunciatory

C.criticalandcondescending

D.ambivalentbutdeferential

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.peopledonothaveconfidenceinlargefirms

B.peopledonotexpectthegovernmenttoregulateprices

C.mosteconomistsbelievethatconsumersasagroupshoulddetermineprices

D.mosteconomistsassociatefixedpriceswithcommunistandsocialisteconomies

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.aprofitableresultofeconomicdevelopment

B.aninevitableresultoftheindustrialsystem

C.theresultofanumberofcarefullyorganizeddecisions

D.aphenomenoncommontoindustrializedandnon-industrializedsocieties

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章第一段指出美國(guó)的大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家都被自由市場(chǎng)的魅力所迷惑，事實(shí)上，在所有工業(yè)化社會(huì)中，價(jià)格固定都是正常的，因?yàn)楣I(yè)體系本身提供了它所需要的價(jià)格固定，這是它自身發(fā)展的毫不費(fèi)力的結(jié)果。隨后文章對(duì)定價(jià)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析，因此D選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為以某種形式的價(jià)格固定是任何工業(yè)化社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的必然組成部分，并對(duì)其有益”符合題意。

2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由文章第二段中的Moreover,thoseeconomistswhoarguethatallowingthefreemarkettooperatewithoutinterferenceisthemostefficientmethodofestablishingpriceshavenotconsideredtheeconomiesofnon-socialistcountriesotherthantheUnitedStates.（此外，那些認(rèn)為讓自由市場(chǎng)在不受干擾的情況下運(yùn)行是確定價(jià)格的最有效方法的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家，沒(méi)有考慮到美國(guó)以外的非社會(huì)主義國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)）可知作者對(duì)美國(guó)大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)是不贊成的，但其后并沒(méi)有明確指出是自由市場(chǎng)好還是定價(jià)市場(chǎng)好，因此作者的態(tài)度是批評(píng)與謙虛的，選C。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的Consequently,nothingseemsgoodornormalthatdoesnotaccordwiththerequirementsofthefreemarket.Apricethatisdeterminedbytheselleror,forthatmatter,establishedbyanyoneotherthantheaggregateofconsumersseemspernicious.（因此，沒(méi)有不符合自由市場(chǎng)要求的東西是好的或正常的。一個(gè)由賣(mài)方?jīng)Q定的價(jià)格，或者就此而言，由除消費(fèi)者總數(shù)以外的任何人確定的價(jià)格，似乎是有害的）可知C選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為消費(fèi)者群體應(yīng)該決定價(jià)格”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Infact,price-fixingisnormalinallindustrializedsocietiesbecausetheindustrialsystemitselfprovides,asaneffortlessconsequenceofitsowndevelopment,theprice-fixingthatitrequires.（事實(shí)上，在所有工業(yè)化社會(huì)中，價(jià)格固定都是正常的，因?yàn)楣I(yè)體系本身提供了它所需要的價(jià)格固定，這是它自身發(fā)展的毫不費(fèi)力的結(jié)果）B選項(xiàng)“工業(yè)體系的必然結(jié)果”符合題意。

4.單選題

Newspapersinthe1920sandthe1930sofferedtheirreadersgiftstoincreasetheir（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.circulation

B.contribution

C.regulation

D.advocation

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析題。A選項(xiàng)circulation“(報(bào)刊)發(fā)行量，銷(xiāo)售量”；B選項(xiàng)contribution“捐資，貢獻(xiàn)”；C選項(xiàng)regulation“規(guī)則，管理”；D選項(xiàng)advocation“擁護(hù)，支持”。根據(jù)空格前“offeredtheirreadersgifts為讀者提供禮物”可知‘報(bào)紙行業(yè)是通過(guò)増加發(fā)行量為讀者提供禮物’A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Themarketfordustmasksandairpurifiersis（

）inBeijingbecausethecapitalhasbeenshroudedforseveraldaysinthickfogandhaze.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.booming

B.looming

C.dooming

D.zooming

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。booming“興旺的，繁榮的”；looming“隱隱約約的，正在逼近的”；dooming“命中注定，宣判”；zooming“急速上升的”。句意：北京的口罩和空氣凈化器市場(chǎng)正在迅速發(fā)展，因?yàn)槭锥家呀?jīng)連續(xù)幾天籠罩在濃霧之中。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Inmostcasespoliticiansare____astheyseldomtellthetruth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.credible

B.incredulous

C.credulous

D.incredible

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.credible可信的B.incredulous懷疑的

C.credulous輕信的D.incredible不能相信的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】句間邏輯

【解題思路】空格處所填詞修飾的是政客們，表示的是政客們的特點(diǎn)；后文有一個(gè)as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)此進(jìn)行解釋?zhuān)渚湟鉃椤八麄儙缀醪徽f(shuō)真話”。根據(jù)原句邏輯，因?yàn)檎蛡兒苌僬f(shuō)真話，所以他們不能讓人相信，D選項(xiàng)incredible“不能相信的”，形容的人是“相信”的對(duì)象，最符合原句語(yǔ)義邏輯。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)credible“可信的”，與原句語(yǔ)義邏輯相反；

B選項(xiàng)incredulous“懷疑的”，側(cè)重于指一個(gè)人不輕易相信某人或某事；

C選項(xiàng)credulous“輕信的”，側(cè)重于指一個(gè)人輕易地相信某人或某事。

【句意】在大多數(shù)情況下，政治家都是不能相信的，因?yàn)樗麄兒苌僬f(shuō)真話。

7.單選題

Jeanholdsvery（）opinionsaboutfood;shewon’teatanythingneworforeign.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.awesome

B.conventional

C.consistent

D.condimental

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。awesome“極好的”；conventional“傳統(tǒng)的”；consistent“始終如一的，一致的”；condimental“調(diào)味品的”。句意：簡(jiǎn)對(duì)食物的觀念很傳統(tǒng)，她不吃任何新的或者國(guó)外的食物。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.單選題

Thearticlesuggeststhatwhenaperson（）underunusualstressheespeciallycarefultohaveawellbalanceddiet.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.is.Shouldbe

B.were...be

C.was...willbe

D.be...be

【答案】A

【解析】句意:文章建議，當(dāng)一個(gè)人處于不尋常的壓力之下時(shí)，他應(yīng)該特別注意飲食的均衡。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾樘摂M語(yǔ)氣。此處when引導(dǎo)的從句“當(dāng)一個(gè)人處于不尋常的壓力之下時(shí)”沒(méi)有明顯的時(shí)間限制，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。suggest表示“建議”，因此后面從句中的主干部分動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該為should+動(dòng)詞原形。綜上所述，A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Alandfreefromdestruction,pluswealth,naturalresources-andlaborsupply-allthesewereimportant（1）inhelpingEnglandtobecomethecenterfortheIndustrialRevolution.Buttheywerenotenough.Something

（2）

wasneededtostarttheindustrialprocess.That"somethingspecial"wasmen

（3）

individualswhocouldinventmachines,findnewsourcesofpower,andestablishbusinessorganizationstoreshapesociety.

Themenwho

（4）

themachinesoftheIndustrial-Revolutioncamefrommanybackgroundsandmanyoccupations.Manyofthemwere

（5）

inventorsthanscientist.Amanwhoisa

（6）

scientistisprimarilyinterestedindoinghisresearchaccurately.Heisnotnecessarilyworkingsothathisfindingscanbeused.

Aninventororoneinterestedinappliedscienceis

（7）

tryingtomakesomethingthathasaconcreteuse.Hemaytrytosolveaproblembyusingthetheoriesofscienceorbyexperimentingthroughtrialanderror.Regardlessofhismethod,heisworkingtoobtaina

（8）

result:theconstructionofaharvestingmachine,theburningofalightbulb,oroneofmanyotherobjectives.

Mostofthepeoplewho

（9）

themachinesoftheIndustrialRevolutionwereinventors,nottrainedscientists.Afewwerebothscientistsandinventors.Eventhosewhohadlittleornotraininginsciencemightnothavemadetheirinventions

（10）

agroundworkhadnotbeenlaidbyscientistsyearsbefore.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reasons

B.factors

C.situations

D.cases

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.similar

B.else

C.near

D.extra

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.generating

B.effective

C.motivating

D.creative

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.employed

B.created

C.operated

D.controlled

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.less

B.better

C.more

D.worse

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.genuine

B.practical

C.pure

D.clever

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.seldom

B.usually

C.sometimes

D.never

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.single

B.specialized

C.specific

D.sole

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.proposed

B.developed

C.supplied

D.offered

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.because

B.while

C.if

D.as

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:B

第10題:C

【解析】第1題:考查固定搭配。reason和factor放在這里都符合邏輯，由空格后面的介詞in，可知應(yīng)選factor。reason一般接for或者why引導(dǎo)的從句。故答案B

第2題:考查形容詞辨析。此句句意為還需要一些其他的東西，somethingelse其他的東西，答案B

第3題:考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)空后的“inventmachines…”可知此空應(yīng)填“具有創(chuàng)造力的”，generating產(chǎn)生的；effective有效的；motivating激發(fā)的；creative創(chuàng)造性的。

第4題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：在工業(yè)革命中發(fā)明這些機(jī)器的人。故答案B

第5題:考查固定搭配。句意：發(fā)明機(jī)器的人大部分是發(fā)明家，而不是科學(xué)家。more…than…是…而不是…答案C

第6題:考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)“primarilyinterestedindoinghisresearchaccurately.Heisnotnecessarilyworkingsothathisfindingscanbeused.主要對(duì)自己的研究感興趣。他不一定是為了利用他的研究成果而工作?！笨赏浦@種科學(xué)家是純粹的科學(xué)家。genuine真正的，真實(shí)的；practical實(shí)際的；pure純粹的；clever聰明的。答案C

第7題:考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)下文意思可知，usually符合句意。答案B

第8題:考查形容詞辨析。句意：“不管什么方法，他工作目的是獲得特定的某種結(jié)果。”由空格后的舉例可知他是為了獲得某種特定的結(jié)果而工作。答案C

第9題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：工業(yè)革命時(shí)發(fā)明了這些機(jī)器的人大都是發(fā)明家而非科學(xué)家。答案B

第10題:考查連詞辨析。句意：即使是那些沒(méi)有受過(guò)科學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)訓(xùn)練的人，如果沒(méi)有之前科學(xué)家們做出的基礎(chǔ)工作，他們也不可能發(fā)明這些東西。所以應(yīng)填if。答案C

10.單選題

Lastmonth,MarsandEarthwereattheclosestpointsintheir（）orbits.Thedistancebetweenthetwoworldswas68millionkilometers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.identical

B.respective

C.rigid

D.reverse

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。identical"恒一的,完全相同的";respective"各自的,分別的";rigid"嚴(yán)格的,僵硬的";reverse"反面的"。句意：上個(gè)月火星和地球在各自軌道上的距離最近,兩個(gè)世界之間的距離是6800萬(wàn)公里。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

11.單選題

Lindawas_______theexperimentamonthago,butshechangedhermindatthelastminute.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tostart

B.tohavestarted

C.tobestarting

D.tohavebeenstarting

【答案】B

【解析】考查過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)。betodo表示按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生某事或打算做某事，其完成時(shí)的形式為be+to+have+done。根據(jù)was與changed可知?jiǎng)幼靼l(fā)生在過(guò)去，“start”這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“changed”的之前，故用過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)，因此選B。句意：琳達(dá)本打算一個(gè)月前開(kāi)始做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，但她在最后一刻改變了主意。

12.單選題

Thelawcan（）fatherstomakeregularpaymentsfortheirchildren.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compel

B.comply

C.complain

D.combine

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)compel“強(qiáng)迫、迫使”，B項(xiàng)comply“遵守、順從”，C項(xiàng)complain“抱怨”，D項(xiàng)combine“聯(lián)合、結(jié)合”；句意：這項(xiàng)法律可強(qiáng)制父親定期支付子女的費(fèi)用。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

ThecollapseoftheEarth’smagneticfield—whichguardstheplanetandguidesmanyofitscreatures—appearstohavestartedseriouslyabout150yearsago,theNewYorkTimesreportedlastweek.

Thefield’sstrengthhasdecreasedby10or15percentsofarandthishasincreasedthedebateoverwhetheritsignalsareversaloftheplanet’slinesofmagneticforce.

Duringareversal,themainfieldweakens,almostvanishes,andreappearswithoppositepolarity（極）.Thetransitionwouldtakethousandsofyears.Oncecompleted,compassneedlesthathadpointednorthwouldpointsouth.Areversalcouldcauseproblemsforbothmanandanimals.Astronautsandsatelliteswouldhavedifficulties.Birds,fishandanimalsthatrelyonthemagneticfieldfornavigationwouldfindmigrationconfusing.Butexpertssaidtheeffectswouldnotbeabigdisaster,despiteclaimsofdoomandvagueevidenceoflinksbetweenpastfieldreversalsandspeciesextinctions.

Althoughatotaltransitionmaybehundredsorthousandsofyearsaway,therapiddeclineinmagneticstrengthisalreadyaffectingsatellites.Lastmonth,theEuropeanSpaceAgencyapprovedtheworld’slargesteffortattrackingthefield’sshifts.Agroupofnewsatellites,calledSwarm,istomonitorthecollapsingfieldwithfargreaterprecision.“Wewanttogetsomeideaofhowthiswouldevolveinthenearfuture,justlikepeopletryingtopredicttheweather，”saidGauthierHulot,aFrenchgeophysicistworkingonthesatelliteplan.“I’mpersonallyquiteconvincedweshouldbeabletoworkoutthefirstpredictionsbytheendofthemission.’’

Nomatterwhatthenewfindings,thepublichasnoreasontopanic.Evenifatransitioniscomingonitsway,itmighttake2,000yearstomature.Thelastonetookplace780,000yearsago,whenearlyhumanswerelearninghowtomakestonetools.DeepinsidetheEarthflowhotcurrentsofmeltediron.Thismechanicalenergycreateselectromagnetism.Thisprocessisknownasthegeophysicalgenerator.Inacar’sgenerator,thesameprincipleturnsmechanicalenergyintoelectricity.

Nooneknowspreciselywhythefieldperiodicallyreverses.Butscientistssaytheresponsibilityprobablylieswithchangesinthedisorderlyflowsofmeltediron,whichtheyseeassimilartothegasesthatmakeupthecloudsofJupiter.

1.Accordingtothepassage,theEarth’smagneticfieldhas（

）.

2.DuringthetransitionoftheEarth’smagneticfield（

）.

3.Theauthorsaysthepublichasnoreasontopanic”because（

）.

4.ThecauseofthetransitionoftheEarth’smagneticfieldcomesfrom（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.misguidedmanyamanandanimal

B.beguntochangeintheoppositedirection

C.causedthechangesonthepolarities

D.beenweakeninginstrengthforalongtime

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thecompasswillbecomeuseless

B.manandanimalswillbeconfusedindirections

C.themagneticstrengthoftheEarthwilldisappear

D.themagneticstrengthoftheEarthwillbestronger

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thetransitionisstillthousandsofyearsfromnow

B.thetransitioncanbepreciselypredictedbyscientists

C.theprocessofthetransitionwilltakeaverylongtimetofinish

D.thenewtransitionwillcome780,000yearsfromnow

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.themovementdeepinsidetheEarth

B.theperiodicalreversesoftheEarth

C.theforcecoiningfromouterspace

D.themechanicalmovementoftheEarth

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。文章前兩段指出地球磁場(chǎng)開(kāi)始發(fā)生變化，后來(lái)指出正在向相反的方向發(fā)生變化。故選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞transition定位至第三段。由此推測(cè)B項(xiàng)“人和動(dòng)物在方向上會(huì)混淆”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞publichasnoreasontopanic定位至第五段。由此推測(cè)B項(xiàng)“人和動(dòng)物在方向上會(huì)混淆”正確。關(guān)鍵詞publichasnoreasontopanic后面就講了原因:itmighttake2,000yearstomature(可能要2000年才能成熟)。故選C。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞causeofthetransitionoftheEarth’smagneticfield定位至最后一段:changesinthedisorderlyflowsofmeltediron,即原因是地球內(nèi)部深處流動(dòng)著液體鐵，這種機(jī)械能會(huì)產(chǎn)生電磁。

14.單選題

ThefoundingofnewChina（

）people’sdesireforindependence.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.declared

B.implied

C.manifested

D.announced

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)declare“宣布，聲明”；B選項(xiàng)imply“意味，暗示”；C選項(xiàng)manifest“表明，顯示”；D選項(xiàng)announce“宣布”。句意：新中國(guó)的成立表明了人民對(duì)獨(dú)立的渴望。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

15.單選題

Theuseofrobotsandautomatedmachineryhaseliminatedcertain（

）factoryjobs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thrilling

B.timid

C.enticing

D.tedious

【答案】D

【解析】thrilling激動(dòng)人心的；令人興奮的；timid膽小的，羞怯的；enticing有吸引力的，誘人的；tedious沉悶的，冗長(zhǎng)乏味的。句意：機(jī)器人和自動(dòng)化機(jī)器的使用消除了某些單調(diào)乏味的工廠工作。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

16.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingshortparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

雖然人人都需要一個(gè)職業(yè)是事實(shí)——最好是工資高的。但同樣確實(shí)無(wú)誤的是我們的文明已經(jīng)在與我們自己的專(zhuān)業(yè)相去甚遠(yuǎn)的領(lǐng)域積累了多得令人難以置信的知識(shí)，而我們也具備了了解這些其他方面知識(shí)的更好條件——無(wú)論他們是科學(xué)的貢獻(xiàn)還是藝術(shù)上的成就。同樣確實(shí)無(wú)誤的是，在研究不同智慧時(shí)，我們可以學(xué)會(huì)如何思考。更重要的也許是教育教會(huì)我們看到事物之間的聯(lián)系，并看到我們的當(dāng)前需求以外的東西。從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)看，這正是教育所真正應(yīng)該做到的，而我認(rèn)為它也能夠做到的。

【答案】It'struethateveryoneneedsacareer—preferablyonethatpayswell,butitisequallytruethatourcivilizationhasaccumulatedknowledgethatistoomuchtobebelievedbypeopleinthefieldswhicharefarfromourmajors,andthatwealsohavehadbetterconditionsforunderstandtheknowledgeintheseotheraspects—whethertheyarescientificcontributionsorartisticachievements.Itisalsotruethat,instudyingdifferentshadesofwisdom,wecanlearnhowtothink.Perhapsmoreimportantly,educationteachesustoseetheconnectionsbetweenthingsaswellasthingsbeyondcurrentneeds.Inthelongrun,thisisexactlywhateducationshouldmanagetodo,andIalsobelieveitmayalsobeabletodo.

17.單選題

Here’sthescarythingabouttheidentity-theftringthatthefedscrackedlastweek:therewasnothinganyofitsestimated40,000victimscouldhavedonetopreventitfromhappening.Thiswasaninsidejob,accordingtocourtdocuments.Alowlyhelp-deskworkeratTeledataCommunications,asoftwarefirmthathelpsbanksaccesscreditreportsonline,allegedlystolepasswordsforthosereportsandsoldthemtoagroupof20thievesat$60apop.Thatallowedthegangtocherry-pickconsumerswithgoodcreditandapplyforallkindsofaccountsintheirnames,costtothevictims:$3millionandrising.

Evenscarieristhis,thelargestidentity-theftbusttodate,isjustadropinthebitbucket.Morethan700,000Americanshavetheircredithijackedeveryyear.It’soneofcrime’sbiggestgrowthmarkets.Aname,addressandSocialSecuritynumber—whichcanoftenbefoundontheWeb—isallanybodyneedstoapplyforaboguslineofcredit.Creditcompaniesmake$1.3trillionannuallyandloselessthan2%ofthatrevenuetofraud,sothere’slittlefinancialincentiveforthemtomaketheapplicationprocessmoresecure.Asitstandsnow,it’suptoyoutoprotectyouridentity.

Thegoodnewsisthatthereareplentyofstepsyoucantake.Mostcreditthievesareopportunists,notwell-organizedgangs.AlotofthemgoDumpsterdivingforthosemillionsof“pre-approved”credit-cardmailingsthatgoouteveryday.Othersstealwalletsandreturnthem,takingonlyaSocialSecuritynumber.ShreddingyourjunkmailandleavingyourSocialSecuritycardathomecansavealotofagonylater.

Butthemosteffectivewaytokeepyouridentitycleanistocheckyourcreditreportsonceortwiceayear.Therearethreemajorcredit—reportoutfits:Equifax(atE),TransUnion()andExperian(E).Allallowyoutoorderreportsonline,whichisalotbetterthanwadingthroughvoice-mailhellontheir800lines.Ofthethree,1foundTransUnion’swebsitetobethecheapestandmostcomprehensive—layingoutstate-by-stateprices,rightsandtipsforconsumersineasy-to-readfashion.

Ifyou’reluckyenoughtoliveinColorado,Georgia,Maryland,Massachusetts,NewJerseyorVermont,youareentitledtoonefreereportayearbylaw.Otherwiseit’sgoingtocost$8to$14eachtime.Avoidservicesthatoffertomonitoryourreportsyear-roundforabout$70;that’s$10morethanthegoingrateamongthieves.Ifyouthinkyou’reavictimofidentitytheft,youcanaskforfraudalertstobeputonfileateachofthethreecredit-reportcompanies.Youcanalsodownloadatheft-reportformatwww.consumer.gor/idtheft,which,alongwithalocalpolicereport,shouldhelpwheniratecreditorscomeknocking.Justdon’texpectjustice.Thataudacioushelp-deskworkerwasoneofthefewerthan2%ofidentitythieveswhoareevercaught.

1.Whatisthetrendofcredit-theftcrime?

2.Theexpression“insidejob”mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Thecreditorscanprotecttheiridentityinthefollowingwayexcept（）.

4.Whyisiteasytohavecredit-theft?

5.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Tightlysuppressed.

B.Morefrightening.

C.Rapidlyincreasing.

D.Looselycontrolled.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.acrimethatiscommittedbyapersonworkingforthevictim

B.acrimethatshouldbepunishedseverely

C.acrimethatdoesgreatharmtothevictim

D.acrimethatposesagreatthreattothesociety

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.destroyingyourjunkmail

B.leavingyourSocialSecuritycardathome

C.visitingthecredit-reportwebsiteregularly

D.obtainingthefreereportfromthegovernment

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Morepeopleareusingcreditservices.

B.Theapplicationprogramisnotsafeenough.

C.Creditorsusuallydisclosetheiridentity.

D.Creditorsarenotcarefulabouttheiridentity.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thedangerofcredit-theft

B.Thelossofthecreditors

C.Howtoprotectyourgoodname

D.Whythecreditorslosetheiridentity

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。定位到文章第二段“Evenscarieristhis,thelargestidentity-theftbusttodate,isjustadropinthebitbucket.Morethan700,000Americanshavetheircredithijackedeveryyear.It’soneofcrime’sbiggestgrowthmarkets”,更可怕的是，這是迄今為止最大規(guī)模的身份盜竊案，不過(guò)是滄海一粟。每年有超過(guò)70萬(wàn)美國(guó)人的信用被劫持。這是最大的犯罪增長(zhǎng)市場(chǎng)之一。由此可知，信用盜竊犯罪率呈上升趨勢(shì)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第一段“Alowlyhelp-deskworkeratTeledataCommunications,asoftwarefirmthathelpsbanksaccesscreditreportsonline,allegedlystolepasswordsforthosereportsandsoldthemtoagroupof20thievesat$60apop”,TeledataCommunications是一家?guī)椭y行在線獲取信用報(bào)告的軟件公司，據(jù)稱(chēng)該公司的一名地位低下的咨詢臺(tái)工作人員竊取了這些報(bào)告的密碼，并以每份60美元的價(jià)格將其賣(mài)給了20名盜賊。由此可知，insidejob意味著公司內(nèi)部人員對(duì)受害者犯下的罪行。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第三段“ShreddingyourjunkmailandleavingyourSocialSecuritycardathomecansavealotofagonylater”和第四段“Butthemosteffectivewaytokeepyouridentitycleanistocheckyourcreditreportsonceortwiceayear”，相對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A、B、C，選項(xiàng)D以偏概全，只適用于特定的幾個(gè)州，而不是所有的，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第二段“Aname,addressandSocialSecuritynumber—whichcanoftenbefoundontheWeb—isallanybodyneedstoapplyforaboguslineofcredit.Creditcompaniesmake$1.3trillionannuallyandloselessthan2%ofthatrevenuetofraud,sothere’slittlefinancialincentiveforthemtomaketheapplicationprocessmoresecure”,一個(gè)名字、地址和社會(huì)安全號(hào)碼——這些可以在網(wǎng)上找到——是任何人申請(qǐng)?zhí)摷傩庞妙~度所需要的全部。信用公司每年賺1.3萬(wàn)億美元，但因欺詐而損失的收入不到2%，所以他們沒(méi)有什么經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)機(jī)來(lái)提高申請(qǐng)程序的安全性。由此可知，應(yīng)用程序不夠安全是信用卡容易遭到盜竊的原因。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。定位整篇文章內(nèi)容，從信用盜竊討論，主要涉及保護(hù)個(gè)人信息。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Soconfused____thathedidn’tknowhowtostarthislecture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sincehebecame

B.wouldhebecome

C.thathebecame

D.didhebecome

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.sincehebecame因?yàn)樗兊肂.wouldhebecome他變得

C.thathebecame他變得D.didhebecome他變得

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】倒裝強(qiáng)調(diào)句

【解題思路】本題考查的是so…that…結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝句用法。在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果將so+adj./adv.置于句首，則其后的主句要用部分倒裝。此處使用的動(dòng)詞為become，需要借助助動(dòng)詞do幫助構(gòu)成部分倒裝；根據(jù)從句使用的一般過(guò)去時(shí)推測(cè)，主句也使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。因此，D選項(xiàng)didhebecome符合要求。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)不符合原句語(yǔ)法要求。

【句意】他變得如此困惑以至于他不知道如何開(kāi)始他的演講。

19.單選題

AllprogramscelebratingtheSpringFestivalintheCCTVhavebeen（relayed）toevenpartoftheworldthroughsatellites.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.received

B.reserved

C.rebroadcast

D.enjoyed

【答案】C

【解析】句意：央視所有慶祝春節(jié)的節(jié)目都通過(guò)衛(wèi)星轉(zhuǎn)播到世界各地。劃線詞的前綴是re-，選項(xiàng)A和B不符合句意，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

20.單選題

Mrs.Lackeywasawakenedbytheringingofthebedsidephone12hoursafterherhusband’sboathadbeen（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wrecked

B.collapsed

C.decayed

D.fired

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)wrecked“破壞，毀滅，船舶失事”；B選項(xiàng)collapsed“倒塌，崩潰”；C選項(xiàng)decayed“腐爛，衰退”；D選項(xiàng)fired“點(diǎn)火，激發(fā)”。句意：在她丈夫的船失事12個(gè)小時(shí)后，Lackey夫人被床邊的電話鈴聲吵醒。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

21.單選題

YoucancountonwhatSusanreportedjustnowbecauseshehadenough（

）totellthetruth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.candle

B.cannon

C.candor

D.canyon

【答案】C

【解析】candle蠟燭；cannon大炮；candor坦白，直率；canyon峽谷。句意：你可以相信蘇珊剛才所說(shuō)的話，因?yàn)樗銐蛱拱渍f(shuō)出事實(shí)真相。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

22.單選題

WhilehewasinBeijing,hespentallhistime（）someimportartmuseumsandbuildings.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.visiting

B.traveling

C.watching

D.touring

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)visit“訪問(wèn)，拜訪，看望，參觀，訪問(wèn)”，指短期行為，更多用于動(dòng)作，目的性較強(qiáng)；B選項(xiàng)travel“長(zhǎng)途旅行，經(jīng)過(guò)（某地區(qū)），（非正式）經(jīng)受得住旅行，（物體，放射線）移動(dòng)，行進(jìn)，傳送”，強(qiáng)調(diào)從某處過(guò)到另一處，或者已經(jīng)完成的旅行；C選項(xiàng)watch“觀看，注視，守候，看守”，強(qiáng)調(diào)專(zhuān)注地看/注視移動(dòng)著的物體，如看電視，看球賽等；D選項(xiàng)tour“旅行，旅游，作巡回演出”，常用來(lái)形容整個(gè)旅行，強(qiáng)調(diào)旅行的過(guò)程。句意：當(dāng)他在北京的時(shí)候，他把所有的時(shí)間都花在參觀一些重要的藝術(shù)博物館和建筑上。

23.單選題

After1989,theexternal（）vanished,butthedangertoAmericancivilizationremained.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disruption

B.menace

C.liability

D.emergence

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。disruption中斷，分裂；menace威脅，脅迫;liability責(zé)任，義務(wù)；emergence出現(xiàn)，出來(lái)，暴露。句意:1989年之后，外部消失了，但對(duì)美國(guó)文明的危險(xiǎn)依然存在。因此B項(xiàng)符合句意和邏輯。

24.翻譯題

這些書(shū)都沒(méi)有解釋這一現(xiàn)象。

【答案】Noneofthesebooksexplainthephenomenon.

25.翻譯題

61.Americanscientistshaveforthefirsttimetakenstemcellsfromhumanembryosthataregeneticcopiesoflivingpeople.Thegoalistocreatebettertreatmentsfordisease.Buttheworkhasraisedethicalconcernsaboutmakinggeneticcopiesorcloning.Cloningahumanbeingisillegalinmorethantwelvestates.Mostscientistshaverejectedit,butsomemedicalresearchersareperformingwhatiscalled“therapeuticcloning”totrytofightdisease.Stillthatmethodisbannedinsevenstates.

62.Onestatewhere“therapeuticcloning”isnotbannedisOregonthatiswhereresearchersatOregonHealth&ScienceUniversityinPortlandwereabletoputhumanDNAintomodifiedhumaneggs:thustheyproducedembryosthatweregeneticallythesameasthepeoplewhohaddonatedtheirDNA.

63.Thestemcellstakenfromtheembryoswhichcanbedevelopedintoanytissueinthebodyarecalled“mastercells”.Scientistshavealreadyknownhowtousechemicalstocausemastercellstodevelopintoanytissueinthebody.

64.Theideaisthatdoctorcouldusetissuecreatedthiswaytoreplacediseasedorgans.Thenewbodytissuewouldbeageneticallymatchofthepersonreceivingitandtherewouldbenodangerthatthepatient’sbodywouldrejectthenewtissuewhichcanhappenwithnormaltransplants.

ThescientistsbelievedthestemcellscouldgivedoctorsanewwaytotreatParkinson’sdisease—adegenerativemovementdisorder.TheybelievetheycouldusethisgeneticmaterialorDNAfromaskincellofsomeonewithParkinson’sdiseasetocreateapersonalizedtreatment.

AltaCharoisabioethicistattheUniversityofWisconsinLawSchool,shebelievesitistoosoontosay,whethertheuseofembryonicstemcellsforpersonalizedmedicinewouldbecomecommon.Scientistscouldinfactfindotherlesscontroversialsourcesofstemcells;however,shesupportstheuseofstemcellst